2024届高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第三册Unit3EnvironmentalProtection教师用书

UNIT3ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION一、阅读词汇——在词块中明义1．theemissionofgases 气体的排放2．carbonfootprint 碳足迹3．thedisposalofwaste 废物处理4．aprofessorinecology 一位生态学教授5．reducefuelconsumption 降低燃料消耗6．attractworldwideattention 引起世界各地的关注7．economicpolicy 经济政策8．underheavysmog 处于重度烟雾中9．thevolumeofsales 销售量10．inagarbagebag 在一个垃圾袋里二、表达词汇——在语境中活用(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思1．Heisreleasinganalbumofsongs.(vt.发布)2．Thereisagrowingtrendtowardsearlierretirement.(n.趋势)3．Troopshaveseizedtheairportandrailwayterminals.(vt.控制)4．Therewasimpatienceovertheslownessofreform.(n.改革)5．Thestormsandtorrentialraincausedtrafficchaosacrossthecountry.(n.混乱)6．Thearmyhasrecentlybeenbroughtintorestoreorder.(vt.恢复)7．Thefactorywasfinedfordischargingchemicalsintotheriver.(vt.对……处以罚款)8．Duringhiselectioncampaignhepromisedtoputtheeconomybackonitsfeet.(n.运动)(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式1．Inthe1930s,millionsofUkrainiansstarvedtodeathorweredeported.(vt.挨饿)拓展：starvationn．饥饿；挨饿；饿死2．Shemanagedtosustaineveryone'sinterestuntiltheendofherspeech.(vt.维持)拓展：sustainedadj.持续的；持久的→sustainableadj.可持续的；合理利用的3．Theconcertwillbebroadcastliveontelevisionandradio.(vt.播送)拓展：broadcastern．广播员4．Irestrictmyselftoonecupofcoffeeaday.(vt.限制)拓展：restrictionn．限制规定；限制法规；约束→restrictedadj.受限制的；有限的→restrictiveadj.限制性的；约束的5．Inshort,agoodandharmoniousenvironmentathomeisnecessaryforachildtogrowhealthy.(adj.和谐的)拓展：harmonyn．融洽；协调6．Ateachermustbesensitivetoachild'sneeds.(adj.敏感的)拓展：sensen．感觉；理解力→sensibleadj.明智的；合理的→senselessadj.无意义的；失去知觉的→sensitivelyadv.敏感地；易受伤害地7．Engineerscarriedoutathoroughinspectionofthetrack.(n.检查)拓展：inspectvt.检查；视察→inspectorn．检查员；视察员8．Idon'tknowhowyoutoleratethatnoise！(vt.忍受)拓展：tolerancen．容忍；宽容→tolerableadj.可容忍的→tolerantadj.容忍的；宽容的→tolerantlyadv.容忍地三、词块短语——在语境中辨义活用写出或选出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思1．I'vebeenchosentoattendthenationalchesscompetitiononbehalfofourschool.代表2．Keepinganimalsatzooshashadanimpactonthestatusofmostendangeredspecies.对……有影响3．However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.导致4．Mostofhousewivesspentmoretimeinsearchoffoodforcookingintheirdailylife.寻找5．Itooknotesduringthemeeting,butIhaven'thadachancetowritethemintoareportsofar.到目前为止6．LastwinterwhenIwentthereagain,theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchickens.许多7．Evolutionoccursasaresultofadaptationtonewenvironment.由于8．Somerarebirdsintheareaareindangerofdyingoutbecauseofhumanactivities.BA．减弱 B．灭绝C．渴望D．平息四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法1.教材原句ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.(Thereislittledoubtthat...“毫无疑问……”)毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖。写作亮句(2021·全国乙卷书面表达)ThereisnodoubtthatwebenefitalotfromtherapidpaceoftheInternetdevelopment.毫无疑问，我们从互联网的快速发展中受益良多。文化典句Thereisnodoubtthatsuccessliesinhardwork,whilelazinesscanleadtofailure.毫无疑问，成功在于努力，而懒惰导致失败。2.教材原句Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts,becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffectingallofusonthisplanet.(现在分词短语作后置定语)我们有责任抓住每一个机会，让每个人了解全球变暖，包括其成因和影响，因为这是影响这个星球上我们所有人的最严重的问题。写作亮句Thepeoplewaitingforthebusaretalkingwitheachother.正在等公共汽车的人们相互交谈着。文化典句Peopleremainingoptimisticstrivefortheirowndreamspersistentlythroughthickandthin.保持乐观的人们总是为自己的梦想不屈不挠、坚持不懈地奋斗。五、“续写”片段——在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美常用修辞手法之暗喻Wegotoutofthecarandeachtookachild'shand,andIfollowedCarolyndownthepath.Then,weturnedacornerofthepath,andIlookedup.Beforemelaythemostglorioussightasthoughsomeonehadtakenagreatvatofcoloursandpoureditdownoverthemountain.Theflowerswereplantedinsplendidpatterns—ribbonsofdeeporange,white,lemon,yellow,andbutteryellow.Eachdifferent-colouredvarietywasplantedasagroupsothatitswirledandflowedasariverwithitsownuniquecolour.Therewereahugeseaofflowers.我们下了车，每人牵着一个孩子的手，我跟着卡罗琳沿着小路走。然后，我们拐了一个弯，我抬起头来。在我面前是最壮丽的景象，仿佛有人拿了一大桶颜色倒在山上。这些花被种植成华丽的图案——深橙色、白色、柠檬色、黄色和奶油黄色的丝带。每一种不同颜色的品种都是作为一个群体种植的，这样它就可以像河流一样旋转和流动，有自己独特的颜色。那里有一大片花海。[点评]本段话中用“agreatvatofcolours,pouritdownoverthemountain”来比喻山上的美景就像是有人用了一大桶颜色倾倒而成，用“river”比喻不同群组的花，用“sea”比喻花之多。人们都知道河流的曲折流淌，大海的宽广无垠，这样的暗喻使语言生动活泼。1．starvevi.饿死；挨饿；饿得要死；渴望；极需要vt.使饿死；使挨饿[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Withouttheirhabitat,theanimalswerelefttostarvetodeath.②Iaminexperiencedinthisfield,soIstarveforyourhelpinsuchcondition.③Inthisareathecropsaredryingoutinthefieldsandpeoplearedyingofstarvation(starve)．④Istarvedto_get(get)thisjobtosupportmyfamilyandchildren,evenifthesalarywaslow.[系统归纳](1)starvetodeath 饿死starvetodosth. 渴望做某事starveforsth. 渴望得到某物starveo... 断绝食物(或资金)来源以迫使某人……(2)starvationn. 饥饿；挨饿；饿死2．restrictvt.限制；限定；束缚[题点全练](单句语法填空/句式升级)①Tolimittheemissionofcarbondioxidewillhavearestrictive(restrict)effectonallcountriesintheworld.②Youmaynotknowthatinsomehigh-coststoressmokingisonlyallowedinrestricted(restrict)areas.③Thescientificstationiscosybuthassomerestrictions(restrict)onpersonallifestyle.④Thereisnolimittothenumberofvolunteerswhocanapply.→There_is_no_restriction_onthenumberofvolunteerswhocanapply.(restriction)[系统归纳](1)restrictsth.tosth. 限制某物在某范围restrictsb.todoingsth. 限制某人做某事(2)restrictiveadj. 限制性的；约束的restrictedadj. 受限制的；有限的restrictionn. 限制规定(法规)；约束3．harmoniousadj.和谐的[题点全练](单句语法填空/句型转换)①Theirharmonious(harmony)relationshipresultedinpartfromtheirsimilargoals.②Onlyinthiswaycanweprotectourenvironmentandbeinharmonywithnature.③Withfriendship,lifeishappyandharmonious;withoutfriendship,lifeisoutofharmonywithsurroundings.④Tobuildaharmoniousworld,thedevelopedcountriesshouldbeinharmonywithothers.→Tobuildaharmoniousworld,thedevelopedcountriesshouldn'tbe_out_of_harmony_withothers.[系统归纳]harmonyn． 融洽；协调inharmonywith 与……融洽相处；与……协调一致outofharmonywith 与……不协调/不一致4．sensitiveadj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的[题点全练](单句语法填空/句式升级)①Thesecretofthedogishissensitive(sense)nose,justasawolf'ssenseofhearingiskeen.②Tobetteracceptguestssensitivetothecold,theparkhasanareathatprovideswarmwaterforactivities.③Peoplenowadaysaresensitiveaboutthiskindoffund-raising.④Marycaresalotaboutwhatpeoplethinkofher,soyou'dbetternotsaymuchbeforeher.→Mary_is_sensitive_about_what_people_think_of_her,_soyou'dbetternotsaymuchbeforeher.[系统归纳]besensitiveto 对……敏感besensitiveabout 介意/在乎……5．haveanimpacton对……有影响[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)①Howwillthewarhaveanimpactonthelifestyleofordinarypeople?②Totellthetruth,smokinghasabadimpactonone'shealth.③Yourfocusshouldbeelsewhere,likeimprovingyourself,reachingyourgoalsandimpacting_ontheworld.你的关注点应该放在其他地方，比如提高自己、实现目标和影响世界。[系统归纳]impacton 影响；对……冲击；碰撞6．dieout灭绝；逐渐消亡[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)①YoumentionedthatyouwouldliketoteachEnglishinreturn,whichisexactlywhatIamdyingfor.②Sheisdyingto_know(know)whereyou'vebeen,whichisenoughtoshowherconcernforyou.③Lawsshouldbepassedtoprotectpandas.Otherwise,theyarecertaintodie_out.应该通过法律保护熊猫。否则，他们一定会灭绝的。④Althoughthewindhasdied_down,_therainremainssteady,soyoustillneedaraincoat.虽然风减弱了，雨却下个不停，所以你仍然需要一件雨衣。[系统归纳](1)dieaway (声音、光线等)逐渐消失dieof/from 死于……diedown 减弱；逐渐平息dieoff 相继死去(2)bedyingfor 渴望bedyingtodosth. 极想做某事1．seizevt.抓住；夺取；控制[题点全练](单句语法填空/词汇升级)①Thechilddartedoutoftheroadandthepolicemanseizedhimbythearmjustintime.②Theyseizedontheresultsasproofthatglobalwarmingwasn'treallyhappening.③Heseizedthepaperfromherandwasshockedbytheheadlines.④Weareanxioustogetabettereducationsothatwecantakethechancetohaveabrighterfuture.seize_the_chance/opportunity[进阶学习]系统归纳seizesb.bythearm/collar抓住某人的胳膊/衣领seizethechance/opportunity抓住机会seizeon/upon抓住；对……大为关注seizesth.fromsb.从某人那里夺过某物易错提醒在“seizesb.bythe＋身体部位”结构中，the不能省略。[练重难点](完成句子)⑤Beforethethiefcouldrunaway,apolicemanseized_him_by_the_arm.在小偷逃跑之前，一名警察抓住了他的胳膊。2．toleratevt.忍受；包容；容许[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Theboycouldn'ttolerateotherpeople'smaking(make)noiseintheroom,sohewentout.②TheonethingIlearnedistolerance(tolerate)andappreciationofallpeople.③Luckily,myparentsweretolerant(tolerate)ofmychoiceofbooks.[进阶学习]系统归纳(1)tolerate(doing)sth.容忍(做)某事can'ttolerate(doing)sth.无法忍受(做)某事(2)tolerancen.容忍；宽容tolerantadj.容忍的；宽容的联想拓展表示“容忍”的表达还有：stand（sb.）doingsth.,bear（sb.）doing/todosth.均意为“忍受/容忍（某人）做某事”；putupwith意为“忍受,容忍”[练重难点](一句多译)我不能容忍在公共场合被嘲笑。④Ican'ttolerate_being_laughed_atinpublic.(tolerate)⑤Ican'tstand_being_laughed_atinpublic.(stand)⑥Ican'tbear_being_laughed_atinpublic.(bear)⑦Ican'tput_up_with_being_laughed_atinpublic.(putupwith)3．onbehalfof代表(代替)某人[题点全练](完成句子)①On_behalf_of_my_whole_family,_I'dliketoextendmysinceregratitudeforyourhelp.我谨代表我全家对你们的帮助表示真诚的感谢。②Shemadeanemotionalpublicappealon_her_son's_behalf.她代表她儿子作了感动人心的公开呼吁。[进阶学习]系统归纳onbehalfofsb.＝onone'sbehalf以某人的名义；为了某人；代表某人辨析比较(1)onbehalfof为介词短语，只能用作状语，表示“代表/代替某人”。(2)standfor往往用来表示“(字母、数字、符号等)代表或象征”，不用于进行时态和被动语态。(3)represent为动词，表示“代表(某人、团体、政府等)”。[练重难点]选词填空(onbehalfof/standfor/represent)③Now,on_behalf_ofmyschoolmates,Iwishyouasafereturn.④Tomorrowmorningthesecretarywillrepresentthepresidentatthemeetingtodeliveraspeech.⑤WhatdothefiveringsontheOlympicflagstand_for?1．Thereislittledoubtthat...“毫无疑问……”[用法规则](1)doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中用whether(不可用if)引导同位语从句；在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。(2)动词doubt在肯定句中，后多跟if/whether引导的宾语从句；在否定/疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。[应用体验]用恰当的连接词补全语境/完成句子①Idon'tdoubtthatmyfatherwillcometowatchmyperformance,butIdoubtwhether/ifhecancomeontime.②Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillbeelectedpresident.Butwehavenodoubtthathewillsucceedintheelection.③I_doubt_whether/ifhewillcontinuetoworkhere.我怀疑他是否会继续在这里工作。④I_don't_doubt_thathewillwinthecompetition.我确信他会赢得这场比赛。⑤There_is_no_doubt_thateducationisaproblemweshouldpaymoreattentionto.毫无疑问，教育是一个我们应该更加关注的问题。2．现在分词短语作后置定语[用法规则](1)现在分词短语作定语，可表示主动和动作正在进行，其被动形式(beingdone)通常表示被动的、正在进行的动作。(2)现在分词短语作定语可转化为定语从句。[应用体验](完成句子/句型转换)①Thereisalwaysagroupofpeopleproviding_strong_technical_supportforeachofthecountry'shugeprojects.总会有一群人为国家的每一个大型项目提供强有力的技术支持。②Whenwegotacallsaying_she_was_short-listed,_wethoughtitwasajoke.当我们接到电话说她入围时，我们以为是个玩笑。③Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,ranging_from_butterflies_to_elephants.国家公园有许多野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象不等。④Therewerealotofboysinthefieldplayingfootball.→Therewerealotofboysinthefieldwho_were_playing_football.⑤Thegirlwhostandsunderthetreeisreallycharming.→Thegirlstanding_under_the_treeisreallycharming.eq\a\vs4\al(\b\lc\|\rc\|(\a\vs4\al\co1(写作主题——环境保护)))社会发展需要优质的环境，但社会发展的特定阶段也会造成环境破坏。如何在推动社会发展的同时更加有效地保护环境是一个全球性问题。随着人们环保意识的提高，绿色出行、植树治沙等环保行动日益深入人心。有关环保和可持续性发展的文章也成为高考写作常涉及的主题。如：2016年全国卷Ⅱ书面表达，邀请朋友提供主题为环境保护的作品参加国际中学生摄影展。(节选自北师大版教材选择性必修第一册UNIT3)Weknowthatcarsarebadforus.Butweallmakeexcuses：“Thebusesareterrible”；“Thetrainsarealwayslate”；“Ihaven'tgottimetowalk”．(用连续的直接引语，列举了人们常找的借口)I'mtalkingaboutmyself,too.Tobefrank,I'maddictedtomycar.WhenIaskedafriendworkingforagreen-livingorganisationforadviceabouthowtogiveup,shetoldmefivethings：(引入五条建议，同时也使得段落过渡自然)●Useyourlegs.In2014,over55%ofcarjourneyswereundereightkilometres.Insteadoftakingshortcarjourneys,wecouldeasilywalkorcycle.Legpowercansaveyourmoney,keepyoufitandhelpyoulivelonger.Regularexercisealsocutstheriskofheartdiseaseby50%！(列举了走路的好处，数据的运用有效增强了说服力)●Usepublictransport.●Thinkbeforeyougo.●Sharecars.●Takeaction!Weoftenthinkthereisnothingwecandoaboutthenoise,pollutionanddangeroftraffic.Thereis.Ifyourstreetisfullofheavytraffic,talktoyourneighboursaboutit.Writetothepapers.Gotothecitygovernment.Askforaspeedlimit.❶Dowhicheverofthesethingsthatsuityou.Don'tjustsitaroundandcomplain！(列举了个人可以做的事情，有现实指导意义)❷Allquitesimple,isn'tit？Fiveeasywaystoimproveourenvironment.❸Well,I'msorryIhavetofinishthisarticle,butI'vegottopickupmydaughterfromschoolat4pm.ThenI'vegottodrivetothesupermarkettodotheshopping.Afterthat,Ihavetotakemysontoaparty.❹Thetrafficisgoingtobehorrible,butwhatcanIdo？(作者描述了自己的自相矛盾的做法，实则映衬很多人口是心非的可笑行为，引人深思)由教材学写法1．学亮点词汇第一段中的makeexcuses形象地描写了那些抱怨汽车的危害却又找各种借口开车的人的行为；addicted一词精准地刻画了作者对汽车的过度依赖。第二段中的cut强有力地说明了经常锻炼能降低患心脏病的风险。2．学高级句式句❶是一个复合句，主句为祈使句，代词whichever在句中起到了强调作用，关系代词that引导的定语从句进一步解释说明了其具体内容。句❸是一个并列句，but连接两个并列分句，第一分句I'msorry后省略了连词that。该句式常用于委婉地提出一个使对方不快的事实，在本文中它用来表示遗憾。3．学修辞手法句❷是一个表达口语化的反意疑问句，陈述部分省略了be动词。反意疑问句的运用，使得表达的语气强烈、肯定，能给读者以深刻印象。句❹but后的分句为反问句，结合前一分句的内容，在表达的效果上既展现了幽默讽刺，又能发人深省。4．学写作手法本文选自一篇关于如何放弃驾车来保护环境的说明文。文章讲述了绿色和平组织的詹妮·特洛维就如何放弃驾车以改善环境给出的五条建议。作者在行文过程中运用了感叹句、疑问句、祈使句等多样化的句式，句子总体简短有力，语言表达灵活多变，生活气息浓郁。作者最后以自嘲的语气描述了自己矛盾的做法，并以反问句结束文章，引人发笑又能激发读者思考。Ⅰ.多积词块——丰富表达方式1．inthemeantime 在此期间；与此同时2．humanactivities 人类活动3．gogreen 生产或使用绿色产品4．accountfor 占……比例5．jointefforts 共同努力6．beresponsiblefor 对……负责7．leadlow-carbontravel 引领低碳出行8．solongas 只要9．beinvolvedin 参与10．aprivatecar 私家车11．pickuprubbish 捡拾垃圾12．makesense 有意义；讲得通13．abigsuccess 一个巨大的成功14．haveaneffecton 对……有影响/产生效果15．changeone'slife 改变某人的生活Ⅱ.多积佳句——彰显表达功底1．Wecycledfromtheverybeginningtotheendofthecamp,sayingnotoanynon-environmentallyfriendlytransportation.夏令营期间我们自始至终骑车出行，拒绝任何不环保的交通方式。2．Itisthroughtheactivitythatwelearnbettertheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.通过该活动，我们更好地意识到保护环境的重要性。3．StartinginMay,theactivitiesareaimedatreducingairpollutioninourcityandraisingpeople'senvironmentalawareness.从五月份开始的活动旨在减少我们市的空气污染并提高人们的环境意识。4．Nowmoreandmorepeoplebecomeawarethatthepresentenvironmenthasmuchtodowithwhatwehavedonetotheearth.现在，越来越多的人意识到，目前的环境与我们对地球的所作所为有很大关系。5．Ithinkitisagoodideatosetupaclublikethat!Youcanfirstgivespeechesaboutprotectingtheenvironmentatschool.我认为建立这样一个俱乐部是个好主意！你可以先在学校做关于保护环境的演讲。一、作文提升练习下面是一篇学生习作，主题是倡议“绿色生活”。请根据上面所学，对习作进行润色、升级。GreenLifeStartsFromMeAsweallknow，theearthisourcommonhome.________，sheisbeingpollutedatarapidspeedduetohumanactivities.❶Itishightimethatweshouldgogreen,andthuswecanprotectourenvironment.Firstly,weshouldfurtherraisetheawarenessoftheimportanceofgoinggreen.Secondly,itmakessensetousebusesandsubwaysorridebicyclesasmuchaspossible.Furthermore,itisagoodideatoclassifyrubbishandrecycleitinourdailylife...❷Asmallactmakesagreatdifference.Let'sactfornowandenjoyagreenlife!(一)将文中加蓝词汇升级1．rapid→horrible2．busesandsubways→public_transport(二)根据提示将文中句子升级1．用非谓语动词作目的状语升级句❶_In_order_to_protect_our_environment,_it_is_high_time_that_we_should_go_green.2．用反意疑问句升级句❷A_small_act_makes_a_great_difference,_doesn't_it?(三)在文中设空处加上衔接词However二、续写语段思维活结合主题，根据下面给出的开头语和情节脉络续写一个80词左右的片段。情节脉络：受到一位穿着黄色马甲捡拾垃圾的女士(VestLady)的影响，“我”也开始捡垃圾——但是“我”很快意识到一个人的力量是不够的，于是创建网站来号召更多的志愿者加入清除垃圾的行动中来……Moreandmorepeopleputonvestswiththeirownnames.参考范文：Moreandmorepeopleputonvestswiththeirownnames.Volunteerscouldbeseenpickinguprubbishintheirsparetime.Theyellowvestsmadebeautifulsceneryintheparkoronthestreet.Withourjointefforts,theenvironmentbecamebetterandbetter.Whatdelightedmemostwasthatpeople'sawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionwasimproved.Therubbishremovalcampaignwasabigsuccess.ThankstoVestLadywhorootedthesenseofenvironmentalprotectioninmymind,morepeoplebecame“VestLady”．课时作业(一)语篇阅读训练——保准度Ⅰ.阅读理解AEffortstopreservetheAmazonrainforestaregrowingevermoreurgentastheecosystem'sdestructionaccelerates.Arecentstudyshowsthatanewprogramcombiningon­the­groundmonitoringwithsatellitedataandsmartphonetechnologycouldhelpputthebrakesonAmazondeforestation(毁林)—andpotentiallythatofforestselsewhere.Thescientistscooperatedwith76localcommunities,36ofwhichparticipatedinusingsatellite­based“earlydeforestationalerts”，anearly­alertsystemonasmartphoneapp,towatchovertheforestandtoinspectforestsanddocumentdamage.Overthenexttwoyearstheparticipantswerepaidtoworkasforestmonitorsandreceivedmonthlyalertsviatheappwhensatellitedataindicatedlocalforestlosses.Monitorsinvestigatedalertsandinspectedfordeforestationintheareas.Theyreportedconfirmedlossesbacktotheircommunities,whichdecidedwhethertodealwiththeaffairsontheirownorinformstateauthorities.Theresearchersanalyzedthesameforest­losssatellitedatafromthegiventimeperiodinall76communities.Theyfoundtheprogramreducedforestlossby8.4hectares(公顷)inthefirstyear—a52percentreductioncomparedwiththeaveragelossinthecontrolcommunities,saysTaraSlough,aneconomistatNewYorkUniversity.“Thisreductionindeforestationwasconcentratedincommunitiesfacingthelargestthreatofforestloss，”sheadds.Resultsfortheprogramwerelessstrikinginitssecondyear,whenforestlosswasreducedbyonly3.3hectarescomparedwiththatincontrolcommunities.TheresearchersexplainthataPeruviangovernmentcampaignagainstcocaplantingthatyearmayhavediscourageddeforestationinbothexperimentalandcontrolcommunities,narrowingdifferencesbetweenthetwogroupsintheprogram.ExpertssaythisapproachtodealingwithAmazoniandeforestationlookspromising.Localgroupsmaycontinuetheworktheystartedintheprogram.“Wewanttoapplythisinothercommunities.Indoingso,wearemakingacontributiontotheworld，”wroteFrancisco,acommunitymemberinvolvedintheresearch.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的项目，通过智能手机应用程序上的早期警报系统，监视森林、检查森林并记录破坏情况，用这种方法减缓对亚马逊雨林的破坏。1．Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewprogram?A．Itappliestoalltheforests.B．Itadoptsmultipletechnologies.C．Itinvolvesnohumanparticipation.D．Itsolvestheproblembeforehand.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段“Arecentstudyshows...offorestselsewhere.”可知，这个新项目将地面监测与卫星数据和智能手机技术相结合，采用了多种技术。故选B项。2．Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A．Byanalyzingthedata.B．Bysurveyingthemonitors.C．Byobservingthearea.D．Byinvestigatingthedamage.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段“Theresearchersanalyzed...atNewYorkUniversity.”可知，研究人员是通过分析卫星数据进行这项研究的，该项目在第一年将森林损失减少了8.4公顷。故选A项。3．Whatdotheresearchersthinkoftheeffectoftheprogram?A．Stable. B．Positive.C．Unconvincing. D．Discouraging.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段“Theresearchersanalyzed...atNewYorkUniversity.”和最后一段“Expertssaythisapproach...startedintheprogram.”可知，研究人员分析了卫星数据，数据显示，这个项目在第一年将森林损失减少了8.4公顷，与被控制社区的平均损失相比减少了52%，并且专家也认为这种处理亚马逊森林砍伐的方法看起来很有希望，由此可知，研究人员认为该项目的效果是积极乐观的。故选B项。4．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AmazonProtectingtheRainforestB．ExpertsTestingEarly­alertSystemC．CommunitiesDealingWithDeforestationD．SmartphoneWatchingOvertheForest解析：选D标题归纳题。通读全文，结合第二段“Thescientistscooperatedwith76...documentdamage.”可知，本文主要介绍了一个新的项目，将地面监测与卫星数据和智能手机技术相结合，通过智能手机应用程序上的早期警报系统，监视森林、检查森林并记录破坏情况，用这种方法减缓对亚马逊雨林的破坏。故选D项。BTheAntarctic'ssnow­whiteenvironmentisgoinggreenandfacingotherunexpectedthreats.Scientistssaythatastemperaturesgoupinthepolarareas,invading(侵袭)plantsandinsects,includingtheflies,causeamajorthreat.Moreandmoreoftheseinvaders,intheformoflarvae(幼虫)orseeds，aresurvivingincoastalareasaroundtheSouthPole,wherethetemperaturehasrisenbyalmost3℃overthepastfivedecades.Glaciershavemelted,exposingmorelandwhichhasbeenoccupiedbymossesthathavebeenfoundtobegrowingmorequicklyandthicklythaneverbefore—providingpotentialgreenhomesforinvaders.“ThecommonhousefliesareaperfectexampleoftheproblemtheAntarcticnowfacesfrominvadingspecies，”saidDominicHodgsonoftheBritishAntarcticSurvey.“Theyarrivebyship,wheretheyexistinkitchens.TheynowhaveanincreasingchanceofsurvivingintheAntarcticasitwarmsup,andthatisaworry.Insectslikethehousefliescarrybacteriathatcouldhaveadeadlyeffectonnativelifeforms.”TheAntarctichasseveralnativespeciesofinsects.Togetherwithitsnativemosses,thesearenowunderincreasedthreatfromthreemajorsources:visitingscientists,increasingnumberoftouristsandglobalwarming.However,itisglobalwarmingthatisthemaindriverofthe“greening”oftheAntarctic.Inthe2015－2016travelseason,morethan38,000touristsvisitedtheAntarctic.“Thesetouristsareoftenverycarefulaboutnotleavingwaste.ButtheycouldcarryseedsorlarvaeontheirbootswhentheysetfootontheAntarctic，”saidDominic.MoreandmoreinvadinginsectsandplantshavebeenfoundontheAntarcticandhaverequiredremoval.“TheinsectsandplantsthatarenativetotheAntarctichavesurvivedthereforthousandsofyears，”saidDominic.“Wehavetoactnowifwewanttosavetheenvironment.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是由于全球气温上升等原因，各种各样的威胁正置南极地区于危险之中。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mosses”inParagraph3referto?A．Houseflies. B．Coastalareas.C．Akindofplants. D．Akindofanimals.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句，特别是其后的定语从句“thathavebeenfound...forinvaders”可知，画线词指的是一种植物。6．WhatdoweknowaboutthehousefliesintheAntarctic?A．TheyarenativetotheAntarctic.B．Theywilldieoutbecauseofthefreezingweather.C．TheycometotheAntarcticfromnearbyislandsontheirown.D．TheycouldseverelyinfluencethenativespeciesoftheAntarctic.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，南极地区的家蝇所携带的细菌会严重影响当地的物种。7．WhatisthemaincauseoftheAntarcticgoinggreen?A．Thearrivalofscientists.B．Theincreasingnumberofvisitors.C．Therapidspreadofnativeplants.D．Therisingtemperaturearoundtheworld.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，南极地区变绿的主要原因是全球气候变暖。8．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheAntarcticIsBecomingGreenandEnergeticB．VariousThreatsArePuttingtheAntarcticatRiskC．MoreandMoreScientistsGettoExploretheAntarcticD．GlobalWarmingCausestheTemperatureintheAntarctictoGoUp解析：选B标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲述的是各种各样的威胁正置南极地区于危险之中。Ⅱ.阅读七选五KeepingcuriouskidsfromdisruptingwildlifeInteractingwiththewild,naturallycuriouskidstendtocollectseashellsatthebeachorkeepsmallwildlifeaspets.__9__Sohowtohelpkidsprotectthewildwhileenjoyingspendingtimeoutside?Herearealternativesforsomeofthemostcommonoutdoorbehaviourno­nos.Takeaninterest,notthings.Kidsshowinterestinpickingflowers,rocks,orshellsoutdoors.They'repartofwildlife'shabitatandplayanimportantrole.__10__Letkidsexplorewithamagnifyingglass(放大镜)insteadoftheircuriousfingers.Letwhatevertheyfindoutsidestayoutside.__11__Itseemsafunideatothrowpiecesofbreadtoducks.Animalshaveuniquedietaryneedsthataredifferentfromhumans'.Eatinghumanfoodcanmakethemsickorbecomedependentonhumanfood.Bearsareanexampleofanimalsthatoftenhavetobekilledafterdevelopingatasteforhumanfood.Admireanimalafar,notdisruptnearby.Theurgetotakeaphotowithasquirrel,bird,orslow­movingturtlecanbestrongforkids.__12__Instead,remindkidstostayawayandshowthemhowtouseacamera'szoombutton,orjustadmirewiththeireyes.Takewell­wornpaths,notoff­roadromps(嬉戏)．Kickingpilesofleaves,steppingonbushes,andwalkingthroughforestedareascanunintentionallyscarewildlife.Ifsurprisedanimalsdefendtheirhomes,everyonecouldgethurt.Nobodylikeshavingaguestcomeinanddestroytheirhomeandactrudely.__13__A．Keepsnacksawayfromanimals.B．Sharefoodifanimalsarehungry.C．Exposuretothemdevelopskids'loveandcuriosity.D．Thesameruleappliestovisitingwildlifeintheirhomes.E．Animalsrelyonplantsforhiding;rocksandshells,forhomes.F．Approachinganimalsdisruptswhattheydoforsurvival,suchaseating.G．Despiteinnocentpurposes,kids'curiosityaccidentallydamagesthewild.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了怎样帮助孩子们在享受户外时光的同时保护自然环境。9．选G空前一句“与野生动物互动，生性好奇的孩子倾向于在海滩收集贝壳或养小型野生动物作为宠物。”说明孩子们喜欢与野生动物互动，选项G承接上文。选项中curiosity和上文中的curious一致。10．选E根据空前两句“孩子们对在户外采摘花朵、捡岩石或贝壳表现出兴趣。它们是野生动物栖息地的一部分，起着重要的作用。”可知，选项E承接上文，具体说明这些东西的作用。11．选A下文提到动物有着与人类不同的独特的饮食需求。吃人类的食物会使他们生病或变得依赖人类的食物。这说明向动物投送零食是不正确的行为，选项A概括本段主题，文意通顺，符合逻辑。12．选F本段首句“远远地观看动物，不要靠近打扰。”说明本段主题是不要靠近动物，选项F符合本段主题。13．选D空前一句“没有人喜欢有客人闯进来，破坏他们的家园，行为粗鲁。”选项D说明同样的规则也适用于野生动物。上下文语义通顺，逻辑合理。Ⅲ.完形填空Shelookedupatmesadly,herpainbeingunbearablyobvious.I__14__herassheswamsilentlyaroundthesmallpool.Thetopleftcornerofheryellowshellwas__15__，andherflippers(鳍状肢)werefilledwithcutsandscars.These__16__creatureslookedasthoughtheywerewarheroeswoundedinbattle,buttheywerejustagroupofinnocentseaturtlesinjuredby__17__humans.Earlierthatday,ourstudentslearnedthoseendangeredseaturtleswerebeing__18__allthetime__19__waterpollution,litter,andcarelessboatersandfishermen.Weweretaughthowto__20__thedeathsandinjuriesofthisspeciesandconserveouroceanlifeandenvironment.Ihadbeenconsciousofthedamageourenvironmentwassuffering__21__Ihadnevertrulybeengiventheopportunityto__22__thedevastating(毁灭性的)effectsofenvironmentaldestructionuntilIobservedthat__23__.Seeingapictureoftheseanimalscannottrulysensethe__24__ontheirfaces.NowthatIhavewitnessedthe__25__causedbythepollutionandpeople'scarelessness,Itrytoencouragemyfriendsto__26__theireatinghabit,whichcan__27__ourenvironment.Weneedtostartsavingourenvironmentnow__28__it'stoolate.eq\x(语篇解读：作者从一只受伤的小海龟说起，鼓励同伴们改变饮食习惯来保护环境。)14．A.recognized B．introducedC．watched D．satisfied解析：选C根据语境，“我”看着她，她静静地在小池塘里游着。watch意为“观察；观看”，符合题意。15．A.strange B．missingC．shining D．complex解析：选B根据下文可知，这是只受伤的海龟。此处应该是指左上部的黄色外壳不见(missing)了。16．A.troublesome B．rareC．ugly D．unfortunate解析：选D根据上文语境可知，这些受伤的生物是不幸的(unfortunate)。17．A.skilful B．stubbornC．intelligent D．careless解析：选D根据第三段中的“carelessboatersandfishermen”可知，这是一群无辜的海龟，被粗心的(careless)人类伤害。18．A.studied B．discoveredC．killed D．displayed解析：选C这些濒临灭绝的海龟因为(becauseof)水污染、乱丢垃圾、粗心大意的渔船和渔民而被杀(killed)。19．A.becauseof B．incaseofC．inspiteof D．apartfrom解析：选A参见上题解析。20．A.report B．lessenC．escape D．prove解析：选B根据常识