2023年研究生类研究生入学考试专业课英语专业基础英语2010-2022历年真题选编带答案难题含解析

2023年研究生类研究生入学考试专业课英语专业基础英语2010-2022历年真题选编带答案难题含解析（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.历年考点试题黑钻版(共75题)1.Eleventhhour2.Someobserversnotethatsuchbattleswillbeunnecessaryifwehadhigh-qualityday-carecenteratworkplacesandmorereasonableworkschedulesforbothmothersandfathers.

A.note

B.will

C.atworkplaces

D.schedules3.Althoughhesufferedfromdiscrimination,MartinLutherKingisamanwhobelievedinreconciliationandonlyrarely______agrudgeduringhisCivilRightsmovementA.hecarriedB.didhecarryC.whenhecarriedD.thathecarried4.Moreover,becausemothersaremuchmorelikelythanfatherstotaketimeofffromworktocarefortheirchildren,womenworkers,asagroup,fallpermanently______maleworkersintermsofpay,benefitsandseniority.5.JurgenHabermasrepresentsthesecondwaveofCriticalTheory.Hewasnota______oftheothermembersoftheFrankfurtschool.However,heisincludedintheschoolofthoughtbecausehisworkcontinuesthecritiquethattheothersbegan.(contemporary)6.TheMinistryofScienceandTechnologyalsosaidinJulythatanindependentwatch-dogwillbecreatedtoscrutinizetheuseofresearchfunds.A.criticizewithbiasB.justifywithevidenceC.providewithassistanceD.examinewithgreatcare7.TheeraofrealisminCanadianliterature8.______thatcarriedthetraditionof19th-centuryAmericanRealismtoperhapsitshighestlevelofachievement.A.ThomasEakinsB.ItwasthepainterThomasEakinsC.ThomasEakins'paintingsD.WhyitwasThomasEakins9.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree______theycanbedeliberatelycontrolledandmodified.A.towhichB.inwhichC.atwhichD.onwhich10.IsuspectthatthereisquitealotoflorestoredawayintheColonel'sotherwisenotveryinterestingmind.11.TocelebrateTheRoyalBallet's75thanniversary,telegraphreaderswereofferedan______invitationtoayear'smembershipoftheFriendsofCoventGardenfor￡60.A.extendedB.exclusiveC.extortionateD.extraneous12.Whoeverformulatedthetheoryoftheoriginoftheuniverse,itisjust______andneedsproving.A.spontaneousB.hypotheticalC.intuitiveD.empirical13.Thewriterbuildswithwords,andnobuilderusesarawmaterialmoreslipperyandelusiveandtreacherous.Awriter'sworkisaconstantstruggletogettherightwordintherightplace,tofindthatparticularwordthatwillconveyhismeaningexactly,thatwillpersuadethereaderorsoothehimorstartleoramusehim.Heneversucceedsaltogether—sometimeshefeelsthathescarcelysucceedsatall—butsuchsuccessesashehasarewhatmakethethingworthdoing.

Somewordsarewhatwecall"colorful".Bythiswemeanthattheyarecalculatedtoproduceapictureorinduceanemotion.Theyaredressyinsteadofplain,specificinsteadofgeneral,loudinsteadofsoft.Howeveritshouldnotbesupposedthatthefancywordisalwaysbetter.Oftenitisaswelltowrite"Herheartbeat"or"Itwashot"inplaceof"Herheartpounded"or"Itwasblistering"ifthatisallitdidorallitwas.Agesdifferinhowtheyliketheirprose.Thenineteenthcenturylikeditrichandsmoky.Thetwentiethhasusuallypreferreditleanandcool.Thetwentiethcenturywriteriswaryofsoundingfeverish.Hetendstopitchitlow,tounderstateit,tothrowitaway.Heknowsthatifhegetstoocolorful,theaudienceislikelytogiggle.14.Herehundredsofpedestriansjostleeachotheronthestreets,camelscarrymerchandiseinfromtheSilkRoad,andteahousesandrestaurantsdoathrivingbusiness.15.Therearemiserabledayswhenyoufeellousy,grumpy,lonely,andutterlyexhausted.16.Forthosewhobelieveadditionaltrainingwouldbebeneficial,aboosterprogramisavailable.A.programintendedtofacilitatestudentneedsB.programsetupforstudentswithspecialtalentsC.programtobeofferedtostudentswithlimitedabilitiesD.programdesignedtoescalatestudentperformance17.Ifsuchfiguresaresustainedinmoredetailedpolling,Mr.Bushwillhave______inreversingslidingdomesticsupportforwarwithIraq.(success)18.Iamconcerned,asIsaidthatitsuserswanttoforcetheirviewoftheworld,itspeopleanditsproblemsontherestofus.ButIhaveanother______aswell:P.C.languageattemptstoglossoveranddistorttruth—topurifyit.19.Ⅰ.Readthefollowingtwofables.DotheEnglishfableandtheChinesefabletellthesamelesson?Ordotheytelldifferentlessons?WriteONEparagraphofabout80wordsinEnglishtoexplainyourunderstandingofthetwofables.Youshouldanalyzethefablestoillustrateyourpoint.

TheWolfinSheepskin

Aesop

Therewasonceawolfwhogrewtiredofhuntingforhisfood.

"It'ssuchhardworkandit'snofunbeing.shotatbyangryfarmers."

Sohethoughtofacleverplan.Hedecidedtowraphimselfinasheepskinandliveinasheeppen.Thenwhenhegrewhungry,hecouldkillanicefatlambforhisdinnerandnothavetohunttofindit.

However,thatsamenightthefarmeralsodecidedthathewouldlikelambfordinnerandwentdowntothesheeppen.Itwasverydarkandthefarmergrabbedandkilledthefirstsheephefound.Imaginehissurprisewhenhefoundhehadkilledawolf!

披上虎皮的山羊

陈金安

有只山羊在森林里与那些跟它一样弱小的动物们生活在一起，平时它们都集体外出，走路都格外小心，就连吃草的时候也还得随时东张西望，提心吊胆地警惕着猛兽的侵袭。山羊觉得自己活得太委屈了，自己要是能像虎豹那样威风该多好。

一次，山羊独自走到森林边上，忽然发现地上有一张虎皮，也不知是哪一位猎人丢下的。开始，山羊还有些害怕，不敢上前去捡这张虎皮。几经犹豫后，山羊壮了壮胆，拾起了虎皮，它觉得挺有趣的。突然它灵机一动：要是我穿上这身虎皮，不也会很威风吗?谁会发现我是一只假老虎呢?于是，山羊把虎皮披在自己身上，在森林里走着。

当山羊走到自己的住地的时候，那些和自己一样弱小的动物突然看到“老虎”来了，都吓得跑的跑，躲的躲。四处逃窜。山羊见此情景，心里觉得自己果然很了不起。现在，自己再也不用提心吊胆地过日子了，山羊一边这样想着，一边向一片草地走去。

山羊来到草地上，伙伴们都不认识它了，一个个离它远远的。于是，披着虎皮的山羊自由自在地在草地上吃起草来。正当山羊香喷喷嚼着青草的时候，突然一只狼朝它走来。披着虎皮的山羊不由自主地颤抖起来。本来有点迟疑不决的狼看出了破绽，一下子扑倒假老虎，饱餐一顿，扬长而去。20.TheindividualTVviewerinvariablysensesthatheorsheis______ananonymous,statisticallyinsignificantpartofahugeanddiverseaudience.A.nothingmorethanB.everythingexceptC.anythingbutD.nolessthan21.Itmaysoundobvious,butwhenyou'retruly______toyourgoal,givingupisn'tevenanoption.22.Theeconomic______thathitSoutheastAsiain1997wasblamedbysomeonthequickretreatofWesterninvestors.A.boomB.slumpC.situationD.cycle23.Hesharesthesamerottentasteswithsomedubiouscharacters.Thisisclearlyshowninthereport.24.Theglobaltradeenvironmentismuch______fortheircountriesnowthanduringtheAsiancrisisoffouryearsago.(tough)25.Fromthatyearon,therewasa______racebetweentabloidnewspapersastowhocouldgettheirhandsontheChristmascardsoftheroyalfamilyfirst.A.crazyB.frenziedC.desperateD.terrible26.Earlierthatyear,UNESCOlistedKunquasanIntangibleCulturalHeritage.A.hypotheticalB.valuableC.nonphysicalD.unchangeable27.Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,hadtheybeendonebyhand,______allpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.A.couldloseB.wouldhavelostC.mightloseD.oughttohavelost28.Herwoebegoneexpression,herhangdogmanner,herover-anxiousnesstoplease,orperhapsherunconscioushostilitytowardsthosesheanticipatedwillaffronther—allacttodriveawaythosewhomshewouldattract.29.Tohaveaheartofg______meanstohaveaverykindcharacter.30.Bycontrast,thegoodideasare______fromthefacultyoftheunderstanding—orreason—androughlyinvolveeithermathematicaldemonstrationorfactualpredictions.(derive)31.Theuniversitieshave______theintellectualpioneersofourcivilization—thepriests,thelawyers,thestatesmen,thedoctors,themenofscienceandthemenofletters.(train)32.Sometimesachild______stressathomeorschoolmayhaveanunpleasantexperiencewithaninsectoranimal,andtransferitsanxietytothecreatureconcerned.33.Hispoorhealth______himtoreignfromhisjob.A.compelledB.treasuredC.transplantedD.trimmed34.Astatictechnocraticorder,bycontrast,requiresaverydifferentsortofpersonality:adronedwhodoeswhatheistoldandshunsnovelty,someonewhoavoidsfacing,or______challenges.A.composingB.proposingC.imposingD.posing35.Theeighteenth-centuryBritishthinkerEdmundBurkemadethefollowingobservationaboutthebenefitsofopposition:"Hethatwrestleswithusstrengthensournervesandsharpensourskill.Ourantagonistisourhelper."

Inyourview,towhatextentcanwebenefitfromoppositiontoourideas,opinions,ordesires.Writeanessayofnolessthan300wordsthatdefendschallenges,orqualifiesBurke'sstatementaboutthebenefitsofopposition.Youshouldpresentyourargumentwithreasonsandexamples.

PleasewriteyouressayonyourAnswerSheet.36.IndigenousAustraliansbelievethatreconciliationisnecessarybutthegovernmentshould,mostimportantly,makeaformalapologyforwhattheydidinthepast.A.conflictB.confrontationC.rapprochementD.reconnaissance37.Atpresent,thereisheateddiscussiononwhetherweshouldbeencouragedinhavingagoldenweekholidayforMayDay.

Youaretowriteacompositionofapproximately300wordsonthisissue.Inthefirstpartofyourcomposition,youshouldpresentyourthesisstatement;andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportthethesisstatementwithdetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusion.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Writeyourresponseontheanswersheet.38.Parents______sendingtheirchildrentoSinfin,Derby,wouldhavereadthatstandardshad"risensignificantly"overthepreviousthreeyearsandthat,thankstoimprovementsinteaching,mostpupilswerenow"atorjustbelowthelevelexpectedoftheirage".A.contemningB.contestingC.contemplatingD.consulting39.Advantagesthatcomewithajob,apartfromwagesorsalary,arecalled______.A.profitsB.supplementsC.earningsD.benefitsorperks40.Asshesatfacingtheopenwindow,shecouldseeintheopensquarebeforeherhousethetopsoftreesthatwereallaquiverwiththenewspringlife.Thedeliciousbreathofrainwasintheair.Inthestreetbelowapeddlerwascryinghiswars.Thenotesofadistantsongwhichsomeonewassingingreachedherfaintly,andcountlesssparrowsweretwitteringintheeaves.Therewerepatchesofblueskyshowinghereandtherethroughthecloudsthathadmetandpiledoneabovetheotherinthewestfacingherwindow.41.Heputallthereferencebooksinthecupboard______heborrowedfromthelibrary.A.whereB.inthatC.whichD.inwhich42.Atpresent,itisnotpossibletoconfirmortorefutethesuggestionthatthereisacausalrelationshipbetweentheamountoffatweeatandthe______ofheartattacksA.incidenceB.impetusC.ruptureD.emergence43.Idecidedtofacethesituation______—thepaltrychildsupportthatthecourthadorderedmyhusbandtopaybarelykeptfoodonthetable.A.squarelyB.solemnlyC.severelyD.enthusiastically44.Oncestarted,achainreactionsustainsitselfwithout______outsideinfluence.A.endlessB.additionalC.interruptiveD.measurable45.Mariahasn'tbegunworkingonherPh.D.______workingonhermaster's.A.stillbecausesheisyetB.yetasaresultsheisstillC.yetbecausesheisstillD.stillwhilesheisalready46.Theteamneedssomeencouragementtowinthegame,sothecaptaingavetheplayersa(p______)talk.47.Apparently,amarketinggeneralistcannotbeentrusted______theimportanttaskofwriting.Somecompanieshaveturnedthistaskovertopublicrelationsfirms.48.Thecityis______ofthreesections,whichareseparatedbyrivers.A.upsetB.valuedC.composedD.Ventured49."Whenwefirstinvestedinthedigitalnetworksetup,manypeoplefoundithardtounderstandwhatweweredoingbecausetheinvestmentinvolvedseveralhundredmillionYuan—alargesumofmoneybyanyone'sstandards."Thepresumptionisthateachinstalledhouseholdwouldeventuallypayafeeof200Yuanperyear.A.hypothesisthatistakenforgrantedB.immediateresultC.adjustmenttothenewenvironmentD.mandatoryrequirement50.Irememberatime..,wheneveryartistthoughtheowedittohimselftoturnhisbackontheEiffelTower,asaprotestagainstthearchitecturalblasphemywithwhichitfilledthesky.51.CanyoubelievethatIwonthephotocontestwiththe______ofthetwopicturesthatwasmostesthetic,eventhoughIonlytriedtohangthemwheretherewerenails!A.pseudonynB.trappingsC.corollaryD.juxtaposition52.Thecommitteemembersresented______themofthemeetingA.thepresidentthathedidnottellB.thepresidentnottoinformC.thepresident'snotinformingD.thepresidentthathefailedinforming53.Ifsomeoneraiseshis/here______,he/sheisverymuchsurprisedorshowsdisapproval.54.NotwomanheldapresidentialcabinetpositionintheUnitedStatesuntil1933,whenFrancesPerkinsbecameSecretaryofLabor.55.Intheabsenceoffriction,belts______inconveyingpowerfromonemachinetoanotherA.willnotbeusedB.couldnotbeusedC.maynotbeusedD.cannot,beused56.Whenoverallexportsexceedimports,acountrysaidtohaveatradesurplus.57.Severalresearchershavestudiedthemate-selectionprocess,andaccordingtoasynthesisoftheirfinding,choosingamateoccursinthreestages:thestimulusstage,thevaluesstage,therolesstage.

A.havestudied

B.and

C.finding

D.values58.Fromthediscouragementofhisminingfailures,MarkTwainbegandigginghiswaytoregionalfameasanewspaperreporterandhumorist.59.Hecouldexactlyrecallwhenthethoughtoccurredtohim,becauseitwasclearhehadmorethanonceconsideredsuggestingtotheboythathegooutwithMiriam.

A.when

B.occurredto

C.suggesting

D.goout60.InstructorsattheschoolofAmericanBalletfirstexamineayoungapplicant'sinsteptoseewhetheritispliantandshowspromisingofgoodarch.61.AndIknowofnootherqualitiesthanthesewhichmakefortheperfectionofthemind;forastoreason,orgoodsense,inasmuchitalonemakesusmenanddistinguishesusfromthebeasts.

A.Iknowof

B.than

C.inasmuch

D.from62.Foramoment,Iwascompletelytakenabackbyherrequest.63.AnexpansionaryandcomprehensivepolicypackageisneededtoenabletheU.S.economytoescapefromitspresent______trap.A.inflationaryB.briskC.deflationaryD.stagflationary64.Thefactthatpeoplefindchangedifficultistakenas(g______).65.HeisbeinginvestigatedbytheGeneralMedicalCouncilafteritemergedthathe______torevealtothedefensetheresultsoftestswhichshowedthechild'sspinalfluidwasinfectedwithhighlevelsofthestaphylococcusaureusbacteria.(failure)66.Itwasnotahouse,notevenasquatter'shut.Hethoughteverybodylivedfartooelaborately,expensively,anxiously.What______isahouse?Nooneneedsprivacy:naturalactsarenotshameful.(good)67.宗教和巫术不只是解释事物并帮助人们实现种种目标。它们还涉足人类的情感领域。换言之，它们既满足认知(即解释性)的需要，又满足情感的需要。如超自然信仰和习俗有助于缓解焦虑情绪。巫法可祛除人们对结局无计可施时所出现的种种疑虑。同样，宗教还有助于人们面对死亡并忍受种种人生危机。

尽管所有的社会均具应对日常事务之法，但有些方面终归世事难料。据一位著名学人的观点，人们面临无常和危险之际，往往求助于巫术。68.Weagreedtopayforthecarinfive______.A.installmentsB.down-paymentsC.paymentsD.times69.Jackwaskickedupstairswhenherefusedtocarryouttheordersfromhishigher-ups.70.TheSupremeCourtissuedaunanimousdecisioninthiscase.A.disguisedB.resoundingC.partiallyagreedD.wellagreed71.Inhisignorance,helaybleedingandwishinghecould______outforhelp,buttherewasnovoiceinhisthroat.72.Tenyearsago,Dr.PeterMolanandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofWaikatoinNewZealandwereintriguedbyseveralreportsthatconfirmedthetraditionalMaoriremedyofhoneyfordyspepsiaandsimilar______ofthestomach.A.disordersB.ulcersC.cancerD.disease73.LordJusticeKaysaid:"Thisresultedfromthefailureofthepathologistto______withotherdoctorsinvestigatingthecauseofdeathinformationthatacompetentpathologistoughttohaveappreciatedneededtobeassessedbeforeanyconclusionwasreached."(share)74.Althoughherinitialsuccesswas______bythefactshewasthedaughterofafamousactor,thecriticslateracclaimedherasastarinherownright.A.enhancedB.impededC.refutedD.superseded75.Acomputercrimeinvolvestheuseofacomputertocommitabroad______ofoffences,includingfraud,theft,vandalism,sabotage,andsoon.第1卷参考答案一.历年考点试题黑钻版1.参考答案：atthelastpossiblemoment:justintime2.参考答案：B：will→would[解析]由从句可知本题使用了虚拟语气，从句用一般过去式，主句即为would+动词原形。3.参考答案：B[解析]句意：尽管遭受歧视，马丁·路德·金还是坚信和解的方针，在民权运动期间极少听到他的抱怨。only置于分句的句首，其后的句子要保持倒装，表示强调。答案为B。4.参考答案：behind[解析]fall为不及物动词，后接宾语时要与介词搭配使用。fallbehind为固定搭配，“落后”。5.参考答案：contemporary[解析]句意：尤尔根·哈贝马斯代表的是批判学派的第二代代表人。他与法兰克福学派的其他成员不是同一个时代的人。然而，他仍被看作这个学派的一员，这是因为他的著作继承了该学派其他人所创立的批评理论。此处需要一个名词，contemporary可以用作名词，表示同时代的人。6.参考答案：D[解析]句意：科技部七月份宣布将设立一个独立的监督部门以检查研究基金的使用情况。scrutinize：toexamineorobservewithgreatcare；inspectcritically细看，仔细检查，详细检查或仔细观察，很挑剔地检查。选项A：持有偏见的批评，B：用证据证明，C：提供辅助，D：仔细检查。7.参考答案：CanadianliteraturecollectivelyisoftencalledCanLitorCanlit.Canada'sdominantcultureswereoriginallyBritishandFrench,aswellasaboriginal.Canada'sliterature,whetherwritteninEnglishorFrench,oftenreflectstheCanadianperspectiveon:(1)nature,(2)frontierlife,and(3)Canada'spositionintheworld,allthreeofwhichtieintothegarrisonmentality.Canada'sethnicandculturaldiversityarereflectedinitsliterature,withmanyofitsmostprominentwritersfocusingonethniclife.

TheeraofrealisminCanadianliteratureoccurredafterconfederationin1867whenCanadawasseenasasingleentity.Thiswasalsoanerainwhichthemodernworldcameintobeing,throughaperiodofrapidsocialchangesthroughoutthenation.Inonewaythisprocesswasseenasthenatural,plotswereworkedoutinacoherentandpredictablefashion;theconclusionfollowedrationallyfromwhatwentbefore,thoughmuchoftheactualcontentmightberomanticfantasy.Moreover,realisticnovelscameinthewakeoflocalcolourisminthe1920s,withthemajormotifofdepictingfarmer'slifeinthewesternmeadow.OneoftherepresentativesisRobertStead(1880—1959).Thecontentofthoselatterworksexpandedtorevealtheparadoxicalaspectsincommonlifeandthedarksideofsociety.RepresentativeworksinthisperiodincludedFrontierintheSwamp(1925)ofFrederikGrove,whichpresentedtousthephysicalandspiritualsufferingofmigrantsintheelementsofnature.RealisticwriterMorleyCallaghanwasthefirsttoillustratetheinsignificanturbansoulsandtheunderdogsinlife.8.参考答案：B[解析]句意：正是ThomasEakins继承了19世纪美国现实主义的传统，将其提升到了最高水平。本句考查的是强调句型：Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)...表示强调的it在句子中做主句的主语，被强调部分可以是主语、宾语、表语或者状语，强调的主语如果是人，that和who都可用。本句中，如果把构成强调句型的词itis...that...去掉，只有B能构成完整的句子，这也是判断是否是强调句型的方法。因此，答案为B。9.参考答案：A[解析]句意：人类的面部表情与动物的不同之处在于，人类可以任意控制和改变自己的表情。本题中考查的是定语从句中介词加上关系代词的使用，“tothedegree”是固定搭配，意为“在某种程度上”。答案为A。10.参考答案：IthinkthereisquitealotofknowledgeintheColonel'smind,whichisnotsointerestingotherthanthat.11.参考答案：A[解析]句意：为庆祝皇家芭蕾舞团成立75周年，观众接到邀请，支付60英镑即可获得考文特剧团一年的会员资格。A：奉献，发出。B：单独的，排他的。C：敲诈的，过高的，昂贵的，勒索的。D：无关系的，外来的。toextendaninvitation：发出邀请，此系固定表达。12.参考答案：B[解析]句意：不论是谁提出的有关宇宙起源的理论，该理论都只是假设，有待证实。“spontaneous”自发的，“hypothetical”假设的，“intuitive”直觉的，“empirical”实证的。13.参考答案：作家运用字词进行建造，没有哪个建造者能像作家运用文字一样将原材料运用得如此圆滑、扑朔迷离、变幻莫测。作家的工作需要持续不断地努力，以求达到措辞得当，需要反复推敲以求准确地传情达意，对读者或说服、或安抚、或使其震惊、或讨其欢心。他从未完全成功过——有时，他甚至觉得自己完全谈不上成功——但他确实有过的成功使得这件事情(写作)值得从事。

有些字词，我们称之“出彩”。我们这么说，是指这些字词能够描绘出某个画面或引发某种情感。这些字词十分讲究，绝非平淡无奇；非常具体，而非笼统，它们断然有力，而非软弱无力。然而，我们不能认为一味地使用华丽辞藻就是高人一筹。通常，如果情况很一般，人们也会用“她的心跳动着”和“天气很热”，而不说“她的心剧烈跳动”和“天气酷热”。时代不同，人们对文风的喜欢亦不同。19世纪崇尚丰富朦胧；20世纪酷爱简洁明快。20世纪的作家则十分谨慎，唯恐听起来有狂热之意。他往往十分低调，轻描淡写，掷之悄然。他知道，如果他写得过于生动，读者可能会忍俊不禁。[解析]原文写作轻松活泼，且使用形容词较多，翻译过程中需要注意尽量保持原文风格。

1.elusive：难以捉摸的。treacherous：变化莫测的。

2.原文第二句较长，英语与汉语句子结构不同，此处需要重新整理句子结构。

3.dressy：需着装考究的，需着礼服的；习惯穿考究衣服的。

(注：此文选自Colorful，ColoredandColorlessWords，作者PaulRoberts。此文在丁往道主编的《英语写作手册》(中文版)中可见。)14.参考答案：在这里，街上的行人摩肩接踵，驼队由丝绸之路运回商品，茶馆和旅店亦是红红火火、生意兴隆。[解析]pedestrian：行人；jostle：推挤，推撞；原句句式比较一致，翻译的时候也要注意。15.参考答案：总有那么几天你会感觉糟糕透顶、脾气暴躁、孤独寂寞且疲惫不堪。[解析]lousy：非常痛苦的、不愉快的：grumpy：脾气暴躁的；16.参考答案：D[解析]句意：对于那些相信额外的训练会有所帮助的人，他们可以参加强化班。booster：推动、支持、后援、强化。A：可以很满足学生需求的课程。B：满足学生特殊天分的课程。C：专门为能力有限的学生开设的课程。D：专为提高学生表现设立的课程，escalate：使逐步上升。17.参考答案：success[解析]句意：如果在更为明细的民意投票中取得这样的票数，布什总统可以成功地扭转国内支持因对伊战争而下滑的局面。此处需要一名词做have的宾语。havesuccessindoingsomething：成功做某事，此系固定表达。18.参考答案：concern[解析]前一句陈述作者的担心之一，后一句的“another”一词暗示此处作者陈述的是其另一个担心之处。19.参考答案：[Student'sSample]

Thetwofableshavetoldusthesamelesson:Bewhatyouareanddowhatyouaresupposedtodo,oryouwillendindestruction.IntheEnglishfable,thewolfdisguisedhimselfasasheepinordertosparehimselfthetroubleofhunting,butunfortunatelyhewaskilledbythefarmer.Inthesecondfable,thetigerskinthegoatputondidnotkeephimawayfromdeath,butrathermadedeathcometohimsoonerbecauseherelaxedvigilance,whichhewouldotherwisenot.Howimportantitistobetruetoyourself!Itisamatteroflifeordeath!20.参考答案：A[解析]句意：电视观众都认为自己只是众多观众中默默无闻、无关紧要的一员。“nothingmorethan”仅仅、只不过，“everythingexcept”绝非，“anythingbut”决不、根本不，“nolessthan”不少于、多达。A符合句意。21.参考答案：committed[解析]句意：听起来是想当然的事，但一旦你真的想要实现自己的目标时，放弃甚至连选项都算不上。becommittedto为固定搭配，表示“致力于”。22.参考答案：B[解析]句意：有些人指责到，一些西方投资者的迅速撤资是1997年席卷东南亚的金融危机的原因。本题考查的是名词辨析。A项的含义是“增长”；B项的含义是“衰退、暴跌”；C“情况”；D“循环”。结合题干，B符合题意。23.参考答案：他和一些可疑人物臭味相投，这在报告里写得清清楚楚。[解析]sharethesamerottentaste可以译为臭味相投：character此处指……样的人物。24.参考答案：tougher[解析]句意：现在的全球贸易环境对他们国家来说要比四年前亚洲金融危机时期恶劣得多了。句中有than，因此需要tough的比较级。25.参考答案：B[解析]句意：从那年开始，各小报为最先争取到皇家圣诞卡片展开了竞争。A：mad，especiallyasmanifestedinawildoraggressiveway(尤指失控或有攻击性)发疯的；疯狂的，愤怒的。B：wildlyexcitedoruncontrolled极度激动的；狂乱的；发狂似的；狂热的。C：绝望的。D：可怕的。此句是指各小报之间在速度上的竞争，因此选B更合适。26.参考答案：C[解析]句意：那年年初，联合国教科文组织将昆曲列为世界文化遗产。intangible：somethingintangible，especiallyanassetthatcannotbeperceivedbythesenses无形的，无形的东西。A：假定的；不确定的。B：有价值的，宝贵的。C：无形的。D：不可改变的。27.参考答案：B[解析]句意：如果人工计算，等到结果出来的时候，这数百万的计算步骤也就失去意义了。此处“hadtheybeendonebyhand”相当于“Iftheyhadbeendonebyhand”，用的是过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反的假设，因此主句须用过去将来完成时。28.参考答案：她愁眉苦脸的表情、鬼鬼祟祟的行径、想讨好别人的急切心情，还有她对那些她认为会冒犯她的人所表现出来的无意识的敌意——所有这一切使得那些原本想接近她的人纷纷避之犹恐不及。[解析]woebegone：愁眉苦脸的，不体面的；hangdog：鬼鬼祟祟的，卑躬屈膝的；please此处意为“讨好别人”。29.参考答案：gold[解析]tohaveaheartofgold：心地善良。30.参考答案：derived[解析]句意：与此相反，好的想法来源于理解能力——或推理能力——这大致包括数学实证或者实证预测。31.参考答案：trained[解析]现在完成时，助动词have后需加动词train的过去分词形式。32.参考答案：under[解析]understress承受压力。此处要求填后置定语。33.参考答案：A[解析]句意：他的健康状况迫使他辞职。A：forceoroblige(someone)todosomething强迫，迫使(某人做某事)。B：珍视，珍爱。C：移植。D：修饰，

(人)减肥；变苗条。34.参考答案：D[解析]句意：与此相反，静态技术论需要一种不同的人，懒人只会在告诉他做什么的时候才会去做，此类人回避新鲜事物，避免面对或者提出挑战。动词辨析。compose“作曲”；propose“提出、求婚”；impose“强加”；pose“摆姿势、提出”。posechallenges意为“提出挑战”，D符合题意。35.参考答案：[Student'sSample]

TheBenefitsofOpposition

Whenevertheword'opposition'ismentioned,itoftenconjuresupanegativeimageinourmind.Sowetendtodislikeit.Butisoppositionsohateful?Isitdoingusnogoodatall?Theanswertothismaynotbethatabsolute.Asecondthoughtwilltellusthatoppositioninmanycaseswillprovetobenotharmfulbutratherbeneficial.

Tostartwith,oppositionenablesustothinkfromdifferentperspectives.Nooneintheworlddareclaimthathisideasarefaultless.Inthissense,ouroppositionwillserveasareminderofthefaultinourideas.Hencewecanbetterourideas.Inourdailylife,differentpeoplearelikelytosolveproblemsinquitedifferentways.Thosewhoareopposedtooursolutionwilldefinitelyshedsomenewlightonwhatisthebesttodo.Itisinthissensethatwebelieveoppositionisdoinggoodtous.

Besides,oppositioncanmakeusstrongerandmoreconfident.Storiesaboutgoatsandwolvesareagoodcaseinpoint.Itissaidthatthosegoatsofteninthedangerofbeingkilledbywolvestendtogrowstrongerwhilethosewithnosuchathreatareliabletobeweakandvulnerable.Andsowithushumanbeings.Ourrivalsorenemiesdoconstitutegreatchallengestous,buttheywillatthesametimedriveustolearnmoreandthuswebecomemoreskilledandcompetent.Withouttheiroppositionorchallenge,wewillslack.bitbybitandarefinallyunabletokeeppacewiththetimes.

Lastbutnotleast,eveniftheoppositionfromourrivalsstandsonnoground,itstillcanserveasamirrortousandurgeustobemorecautious.Indeed,nevercanonebecautiousenough.Andthankstotheiropposition,wemayhaveavoidedmanyunnecessarymistakesthatmayhaveotherwisebeenmade.

Inaword,oppositionshouldnotbeviewedasanightmarebutratherablessingindisguise.Oppositionallowsustothinktwiceandhencemorepreparedtoovercomeanydifficultywemayencounterinourlife.So,whatharmtous?36.参考答案：B[解析]句意：澳大利亚土著居民认为，和解是很有必要的，但更重要的是，政府应当为过去的所作所为道歉。reconciliation：theconditionofbeingreconciled和谐，和解，处于一处或和好的状况。A：冲突，B：和睦、亲善，C：面对、对质，D：侦察、搜索、勘测。37.参考答案：[Student'sSample]

GoldenWeekHolidayforMayDayShouldbeKept

ItissaidthatthegoldenweekholidayforMayDaywillbecutout.Thenewscausedheateddiscussionamongthewholecountry.Inmyopinion,thegoldenweekholidayforMayDayshouldbekeptasitis.Herearemyreasons:

Firstly,keepingthegoldenweekholidayforMayDayisbeneficialtothewholecountry.Ifthegoldenweekholidayiscutoutorcutshortforseveralotherone-dayholidays,seemingly,therewillbemorechancesforpeopletoreunitewiththeirfamilymembers.However,consideringmanypeoplewhoworkorstudyfarawayfromtheirhometowns,forexample,theimmigrantworkers,thecollegestudents,one-dayholidaysdonothelpatall.Onthecontrary,itburdensthetransportationsystemintheothertwolongholidays.Therefore,itwillbenefitthewholecountrymoreifthe7-dayholidaywerekeptforMayDaybylighteningtheburdenoftheothertwolongholidays.

Secondly,theGoldenWeekHolidaynotonlyhelpsboostthecountry'sdomesticconsumptionandeconomy,butpromotesawarenessofgoingoutandenjoyinglife.Formostpeople,itisagoodopportunitytoeasethemselvesfromthedailypressure.Theycandosports,visitfriendsandrelatives,goshopping,manythingstorefreshthemselves.Familymembershaveachancetogettogether,friendshaveachancetogoouttogether,lovershaveachancetoenjoythemselves,makinguptherelationshipthatmaybeneglectedinthosebusydays.Sotheholidayisworthmorethangold.Besides,Chinahasavastterritoryandmanybeautifulplaces,travelingisawonderfulchoiceandaweekisjustenoughtohaveatrip,twodaysforpreparationand5daystotravel.Gettingawayfromtheworkplaceandenjoythefreshair,whichisgoodtotheirhealth.Workingpeople