外研版（2023）必修 第一册 Unit 6 At one with nature 选词填空 练习（含解析）

第第页外研版（2023）必修第一册Unit6Atonewithnature选词填空练习（含解析）外研版（2023）必修第一册Unit6Atonewithnature选词填空练习（含解析）

选词填空

A．blameB．infectionC．severeD．proofE.multipleF.intervention

Intheearly19thcentury,whena1cholerahitEurope,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Butheneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall.Snowsubscribedtothetheorythatcholerawascausedbyan2fromgermsinfoodorwaterbutheneeded3.Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.Asaresult,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwaterwasto4.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthis5,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A．constituentsB．ultimatelyC．exhaustsD．economicalAB．conventionalAC．electricityAD．approximatelyBC．contributesBD．extentCD．substancesABC．generates

Drivinganelectriccar6totheprotectionofenvironment,orsothemarketingdepartmentsoftheirmakerswouldhaveyoubelieve.Yetareportwhichanalyzescaremissionspresentsaratherdifferentpicture.Abattery-poweredcarrechargedwith7generatedbycoal-firedpowerstations,itfound,islikelytobemoreharmful.Itcouldcausemorethanthreetimesasmanydeathsfrompollutionasa8petrol-drivenvehicle.

ThestudywascarriedoutbytheUniversityofMinnesota.Theresearchersestimatedhowlevelsoffineparticulatematter(细颗粒物)andground-levelozone—twoimportant9ofairpollution—wouldchangewhenacarispoweredbydifferentways.

Itwasnosurprisethatelectriccarswhosebatterieswererechargedwithpowerfromwind,solarorhydro-electricsourcescameouttobevirtuallyfreefromharmful10.Theywereestimatedtocause231deathsoverthecourseofayear,comparedwith878forpetrolcars.Electriccarsrechargedwithpowerfromnaturalgas-firedstationswerealsoalotlessharmfulthanpetrol-drivenones,with439deaths.Butifthosesameelectriccarswererecharged11bycoal,theywouldberesponsibleforover3,000deaths.

Biofuelsalsocausedmorehealthproblemsthanpetrol.Butdiesel,whichoften12concernaboutpollution,isslightlycleanerthanpetrol.Thisisbecausethestudyassumesforallcarsthatemission-controltechnologieswillbemorewidelyused,especiallyparticulatefilterswhichhavearemarkableeffectoncleaningdiesel13.Dieselcarsarealsomore14offuelthanpetrol-drivenones.

Overall,thestudyshowsthatelectriccarsarecleanerthanthosetraditionalvehiclesonlyifthepowerusedtochargethenisalsoclean.Thatishardlyasurprise,butthe15ofthedifferenceis.Howgreenelectriccarsreallyare,then,willdependmainlyonwheretheyaredriven.InFrance,whichobtainsmorethanhalfofitspowerfromnuclearstation,electriccarslooklikeagoodbet.InChinaandsomeotherdevelopingcountries,wherealargeamountofelectricityisproducedfromcoal,theymaynotbesoenvironment-friendlyastheyaremarketed.

Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsbelow.

initialoutstandinggiftedastronomertelescopeshiftsubscribeprovelink

EdwinPowellHubble,bornin1889inMarshfield,Missouri,spenthisearlyyearsinthestateofKentucky,Afterwards,hemovedwithhisfamilytoChicagoandattendedtheUniversityofChicago,wherehestudiedmathematicsandastronomyandsoonprovedtobe16inthesesubjects.AttheMountWilsonObservatory,Hubblestudiedobjectswithinourowngalaxyusinga17withamirrorofonehundredandfifty-twocentimetersindiameter.His18discoverywasthefindingofaCepheidvariablestar(造父变星)intheouterareaofanebula(星云).He19thatnebulaeweregalaxiesthemselves,andthus,astronomersnow20totheviewthatdistantgalaxiesdoexist.Hethenmademoreobservationsofforty-sixgalaxiesthatweretravellingawayfromEarthwithspeedsthatwere21directlytothegalaxiesdistancefromEarth.Hubblediscoveredthescientificrule—nowcalled“Hubble’sLaw”—thatthefartherawayagalaxyis,thegreateritsspeed.Asoneofthemostimportant22,hedevotedhimselftogalaxies,whichledtomany23discoveriesinthefieldsofextragalacticastronomyandobservationalcosmology.Hubble’seffortsledtoa(n)24intheunderstandingofhowouruniverseworksanddevelops.

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A．rangeB．novelC．interestD．unlikelyE.benefitF.experiencingG.availableH.necessarilyI.initiativeJ.generatedK.partnership

Googlegives$1MgranttoPressAssociationtodeveloprobotjournalistsNewconsumersofthefuturecouldbereadingstoriespiecedtogetherbyadvanceddata-analyzingrobotsratherthanhumanjournalists,ifGooglehasitsway.

OnThursday,thePressAssociation,theU.K.’snationalnewsagency,announcedthatitreceived?706,000fromthetechgiantforitsReportersandDataanRobots(RADAR)25.

AcollaborationbetweenthePressAssociationanddata-drivennewsstart-upUrbsMedia,RADARaimstosetupanartificialintelligene-fueled,newsservicethatwillgeneratetensofthousandsofnewsstoriesamonthusingpublicly26data.

Everyonefrombig-namenewsorganizationstohyper-localoutletsandbloggerscould27fromtheprogram.PressAssociationeditor-in-chiefPeterCliftonclaimed,“thisisahugelyexcitingdevelopment,andwebelieveour28withUrbsMediacanbeagenuinegame-changerformediaoutletsacrosstheU.K.andIreland.”

AccordingtothePressAssociation,RADARwon’t29marktheendoftheflesh-and-bloodjournalists,butwillratherenabletheAItoproduceavolumeofstoriesthatwouldbeimpossibletomatchmanually.

Theenvisionedwork-flowwouldbeginwithhumanjournalistsidentifyingopendatasetsand“creatingdetailedstorytemplatesacrossa(n)30oftopicsincludingcrime,healthandemployment.”Theroboticreporterwouldthentakeoverandscanthedata,uselanguagegenerationsoftwaretocrafttogetherstorytextandautomaticallylocaterelevantphotosandvideo.PressAssociationclientswouldthenbeabletouseaspecialdistributionplatformtoidentifynewsstoriesof31totheiraudience.

Contentautomationisn’tatotally32conceptinthenewsindustryhowever.APestimatedthatitcanfreeup20percentofjournalists’time,allowingthemtofocusonmorecomplex,qualitativetasks.

Shockingly,notalljournalistsaresoldontheAIinfiltration.Astudyfoundthatjournalistsfromleadingnewsorganizationshadseveralreservationswhenshownanautomatically33sportsstory.“Iwouldnever,ever,everhavewrittenastorylikethat,”oneBBCjournalistsaid,whileaCNNreporterthoughtthestorywasrepetitiveandlackedvariation.

Nevertheless,itlookslikeAIinjournalismisheretostay.Atatimewhenmanymediaoutletsare34commercialpressure,RADARwillprovidethenewsecosystemwithacost-effectivewaytoprovideinsightfullocalstories.

选词填空

A．substanceB．objectiveC．distinctD．propertiesE.committedF.acknowledge

TuYouyou’steamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated280,000plantsfortheirmedical35.Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested38036ancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.Althoughtheirprojectgotstuck,TuYouyoudidn’t37defeat.Atlast,theyfounda38thatworked.Fromthis,wecanconcludethatTuYouyouisa39scientist.

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordthatyoudonotneed.

A．alternativeB．desirableC．initiatedD．availableE.nailingF.disastrousG.complexH.grantI.expandedJ.housedK.sorting

“Classroomonwheels”teacheswoodworkingskillstoyoungpeopleHandingpowertoolsovertoyoungstudentscouldresultinsome40situations.Butifthosetoolsarecombinedwitheffectivesupervisionandteaching,thestudentscanlearnvaluablenewskillsandmightevenfindanewcareerpath.

Onesuchprogramme,inWashington,DC,aimstoteachwoodworkingandfinishedcarpentryskillstoteensandyoungadults.Itincludesawoodshop,completely41insideatruck,thatactsasakindof“classroomonwheels”.

TheMobileWoodshopprogrammewas42bythenon-profitZenithCommunityArtsFoundation.ItiscurrentlybasedatBallouSTAYOpportunityAcademyinWashington,DC．BallouSTAYisan43educationprogrammethatoffersstudentsjobtrainingandhasahighschoolgraduationprogrammeforadultsoverage23.

MargeryGoldberg,Zenith’sdirector,saidthegoalofthewoodshopis“togetpeoplejobs”.Goldbergisanartist,woodsculptorandlong-timememberoftheDCartcommunity.Shehadlongdreamedofcreatingamobilewoodshoptoassiststudents.Thatdreamfinallycametruein2023,whenthecitygaveheralarge44fortheprogramme.

StudentsatBalloucanlearnthesameskillsasabeginningcarpenterwould.Theseincludecutting,marking,measuring,45andhowtousedifferenttools.Theclasstextbookprovidesstep-by-stepinstructionsonhowtomakethingslikesimplewoodenbirdhouses,tomore46woodencontainersandobjects.Thetruckisequippedwithalltheinstructionalmaterialsandtoolsnecessarytooperateasacompletemobileclassroom.Mobileworkstationsarealso47sostudentscanworkonprojectsoutsidethetruck.

JoeLargessisateacheratthewoodshop.Hesaidmuchoftheclasscentresonteachingstudents“softskills”.Theseareskillsthatare48inalljobs,suchasteamwork,havingastrongworkethic,beingabletofollowinstructionsandarrivingatworkontime.Studentsalsolearnbasicskillslikemathsandhowtoreadaruler.

Goldbergbelieveswoodshopprogrammescanhelppreparethenextgenerationofwoodworkers.ShesaidotherschoolsinWashingtonhaveexpressedinterestinthemobilewoodshopandtheprogrammemightbe49inthecomingyears.

请用方框中的词或短语的正确形式填空，其中有两个多余选项。

What’sworsebymistakebaseoncutupduetoextinctcutoffratherthanmorethancomeacrossattackinfear

The1975filmJawsdescribedascenewhereawomanswimminginadarksea50byagreatwhitesharkandfinallywaseatenbyit,whichleftpeople51andconsideringitadangerousanimal.

Somepeoplewereafraidofswimminginthesea.52,otherpeoplestartedfishingforsharks.Asaresult,thenumberoflargesharksaroundAmericafellquickly.Finningisatypeoffishinginvolvingcatchingthesharksand53theirfins.Thesharksarethrownbackintotheseawheretheydieslowlyandpainfully.In1980,Benchley,themanwhowrotethebookthefilmJaws54,wasdivingwhenhe55anawfulsight.Theseafloorwascoveredwithdeadsharks56finning.Hecametoseepeopleasadangertosharks,57theotherwayaround.Fromthatdayon,hefoughttoprotectsharks.Expertshaveprovedthatsharksdonotseepeopleasfood,andtheyattackusjust58.Onlyafewpeoplearekilledbysharkseveryyear.Fortunately,somepeoplebegantoprotectsharks.Today,aswelearnmoreaboutsharks,morepeoplethaneverwanttoprotectthemfrom59.

选词填空

A．giftedB．faultsC．solidD．outstandingE.telescopesF.leadership

Therearemany60scientistsintheworld.

QianXuesen,aChinesescientist,wasnamed“thefatherofChinasaerospace”becauseofhisgreatcontributionstoChina’saerospacescience.UnderQian’s61,China’saerospacesciencehasbeendevelpingrapidly.

StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousand62scientistsinphysics.Hewasfamousforhisworkofthebigbangtheorywhichwassoonprovenbyastronomerswith63.Hewasbrave,quitedeterminedandaboveall,Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithis64.Thisoddcombinationofcharacteristicshadmadehimoneofthegreatestthinkersofthe20thand21stcenturies.

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A．alternativeB．capacityC．characteristicD．extinctE.excludeF.identityG.increasinglyH.interactingI.measuringJ.narrativeK.restore

TheearlieststorytellersAstunningcavepaintingdiscoveredinIndonesiamaybetheearliestevidenceofstorytelling.Theartworkisatleast43,900yearsold,andshowsthathumansweredepictingscenestensofthousandsofyearsearlierthanpreviouslythought.

Thepaintingisa4.5-metre-widehuntingscene,discoveredbyMaximeAubertofGriffithUniversity,Australiaandhiscolleagues.Itdepictsatleasteightsmallhuman-likefigureshuntingtwopigsandfourdwarfbuffaloeswithspearsorropes.“It’sa(n)65scene,”saysAubert.Heandhiscolleaguescalculatedthepainting’sageby66thelevelsofuranium(铀)instonelayersthatcovertheimages.At43,900yearsold,itcouldbetheoldestfigurativecavepaintingthathasyetbeenfoundalthoughwedon'tknowwhattypeofhumanmadethem.Untilthisdiscovery,theoldestknownartworksdepictingvisual“stories”,withhumansandanimals67inarecognizablescene,datedfromaround20,000yearsagoandwasfoundinEurope,suchasthefamousLascauxpaintingsinFrance.“Nowweshowthatatleast44,000yearsago,inSouth-EastAsia,humansweretellingstoriesandtheyweredepictingtheminrockart,”saysAubert.

“It’sreallyanexcitingdiscovery,”saysGenevievevonPetzingerattheUniversityofVictoria,Canada,“Itshowsa(n)68timelineofhowartdeveloped.Whenyougetascenelikethisone,itopensthedooralittlefurther."Thehuman-likefiguresappeartohaveanimal69.”Theyarehalfhuman,halfanimal.TheoldestpreviouslyknownexamplewastheLionManstatue.Carvedaround40,000yearsago,itcombinesalion'sheadandhumanbody.Untilnow,itwastheearliestevidenceoftheabilityofhumanstodepictthingsthatdon’texistinnature-a(n)70linkedtoimaginationandspirituality.“NowitseemsthesamethingwashappeninginSouth-EastAsia,butevenearlier,”saysAubert.

ThecavepaintinggivesusaglimpseintothemindsofthepeoplewhocreatedtheIndonesianart,butwedon’tyetknowwhethertheyweremodernhumansoroneofour71cousins.Theteamhasn'tfoundhumanremainsintheSulawesicave,saysAubert,soitisn'tpossibletobesureofthe72oftheartists.

OnepossiblegroupistheDenisovans,whomayalsohavelivedinAsiaatthistime.Earlierthisyear,whilestudyingasiteinChinathoughttohavebeenhometoDenisovans,ateamofresearchersrevealedartisticengravingsonapieceofbone.

“Wecan’tcompletely73Denisovansoranotherspecies,”saysAubertoftheIndonesiancaveart,“Therewereprobablyatleasttwootherspeciesthatlivedinthisregionatthesametimeasmodernhumans.”

Thediscoverycomesasarchaeologists74turntheirattentionstowardsAsia.“PeopleshouldstaytunedtoAsia,”saysvonPetzinger,“Inthenextdecadetherewillbemanyexcitingannouncementscomingfromthispartoftheworld.”

Directions：Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A．secureB．cooperationCexistingD．sourcesE.concernFsacrificedG.functioningH.respectiveI.priorityJ.demonstratedK.safeguard

AlettertoalltheresidentsinShanghaiDearresidents,

AsShanghaihasbeenplaguedbytheOmicronvariantsincethebeginningofMarch,thecityisfacingitstoughestchallengeinthefightagainstCOVID-19.

Pandemicpreventionandcontrolandtheresidents’well-beinghavebeenthecity’stop75.ShanghaihasbeenfollowingPresidentXi’sinstructionandthepolicyof“peoplefirst,lifefirst”.Meanwhile,thecityistryingitsutmosttoachievethedynamiczero-COVIDgoalbycontrollingimportedCOVIDinfectionsandpreventingthe76infectionsfromrebounding.

Thecityisgratefulforeveryone’seffortsinthisfight.Peoplehave77alot,includingthemedicsatthefrontline,grassrootsofficials,communityvolunteers,policeofficersandallthepeoplewhoworkinthepivotalsectorsthatkeepthecity78.

Theircooperationandcourageshowedinthepandemicfighthavebeentrulyimpressive.Thesearetheverytellingqualitiesthathave79theresidents’charactersperfectly.

IndealingwiththehighlycontagiousandelusiveOmicronvariant,weneedtocontrolthe80ofinfectionsassoonaspossible.Asaresult,thecity'sleadershipofficeforpandemicpreventionandcontrolhasdecidedtocarryoutacitywidegridnucleicacidtesting,startingfromMarch28.

Wecan’tpulloffatestingthissizeandwinthepandemicbattlewithoutthe81fromtheresidents.Someofyouhavebeeninquarantineandlockdownforalongtime.Thecitydeeplyappreciateseveryone’sunderstandingandcooperation.

People’swell-beingandsafetyhavealwaysbeentheShanghaigovernment’sgreatest82.Wewilltryourbesttopreventthepandemicfromfurtherspreadingand83dailynecessitiesandmedicalservicesforeveryone.

Weimploretheresidentstofollowthepandemiccontrolandpreventionguidelines.Wecanonly84ourhomeandourcitythrougheveryone’sefforts.

UndertheleadershipofPresidentXiandtheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina,wefirmlybelievethatwewillovercomeeverydifficulty.WewillwinthisfightagainstCOVIDandthespringinShanghaiwillbebeautifulasalways.

ShanghaiMunicipalGovernment

Completeherspeechwiththecorrectformofthewordsbelow.

orbittheorylaunchaccuracyoutcomebiologistphysicistlabour-saving

Everygreatideaneedssomeonewhohasanincrediblevisionandiswillingtobeapioneer.Thistypeofpersonwillgowherenoonehasgonebefore,andtrythingsnoonehastriedbefore.Theyhave85thattheyaredeterminedtoproveandwillworktirelesslytodoso.

Manyofthebestinventorshavebeeninspiredbyadesiretoimprovethequalityofhumanlife,bothfornowandforfuturegenerations.

Somescientistshavededicatedtheircareerstofindingcuresforillnessessuchascancer.Otherslike86helpusunderstandthenaturalworld,bothseenandunseen.87helpusunderstandmatter,energyandthebasicprinciplesofouruniverse.Engineersworkondeveloping88inventionsand89satellitesandpeopleintospacewithgreat90.

100yearsago,couldpeoplehaveimaginedthattherewouldbeanInternationalSpaceStation91theEarthWehavereallycomesofar!Forthatreason,weneedtocontinuetoinvestintrainingyoungpeopleinsciencetoensuremorepositive92forfuturegenerations,ourenvironmentandtheworld.

阅读下面小短文，根据上下文语境，选择合适的单词填入空白处，每个单词只使用一次，每个语篇有一个是多余的选项。

A．propertiesB．treatmentsC．obtainedD．botanicalE.distinctF.evaluated

TuYouyouandherteamreviewedancientChinesemedicaltextstofindtraditional93treatmentsforthedisease.Theyexaminedover2000oldmedicaltexts,and94280,000plantsfortheirmedical95.Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested38096ancientChinesemedical97thatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.

Usethecorrectformsoftheexpressionsintheboxtocompletethepassage.Whatotheragriculturalchangesdoyouknowabout

adiversityofitisestimatedtheneedforincreaseoutputwidespreaduseboostthedevelopment

Byaround3000BCE,theEgyptianshadbeguntouseoxentopullploughs.Theuseofanimalsgreatlyimprovedagriculturalproductionandreduced98humanstoperformtheheavylabour.Horses,donkeys,mules,andwaterbuffaloeswereallusedforfarmwork.Withtoday’stechnologicaldevelopments,the99ofmachineshaslargelyreplacedanimalsinfarmwork.Thesemachinescancarryout100taskssuchasploughingandplanting,fertilisingandirrigating,harvesting,andmanagingpest,weed,anddiseasecontrol.Farmmachineryhas101ofagriculture,and102greatly.Forexample,103thatonefarmeronacotton-pickingmachinecanharvestasmuchinadayas100peopleworkingbyhand.

试卷第1页，共3页

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参考答案：

1．C2．B3．D4．A5．F

【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述约翰·斯诺解决霍乱问题的故事。

1．考查形容词。句意：19世纪初，当一场严重的霍乱袭击欧洲时，约翰·斯诺感到沮丧，因为没有人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，作定语，意为“严重的”，severe是形容词，符合句意。故选C。

2．考查名词。句意：斯诺赞同霍乱是由食物或水中细菌感染引起的理论，但他需要证据。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作宾语，意为“感染”，infection是名词，符合句意。故选B。

3．考查名词。句意：见第2题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作宾语，意为“证据”，proof是名词，符合句意。故选D。

4．考查动词。句意：因此，约翰·斯诺能够宣布水泵是罪魁祸首。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词，和前面的to构成动词不定式短语，作表语，意为“责备”，blame是动词，符合句意。故选A。

5．考查名词。句意：通过这种干预措施，疾病得以遏制。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作宾语，意为“干预”，intervention是名词，符合句意。故选F。

6．BC7．AC8．AB9．A10．CD11．B12．ABC13．C14．D15．BD

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了电动汽车比传统汽车更清洁，但用燃煤发电站产生的电池充电的汽车可能危害更大，死亡人数也多。

6．考查动词。句意：驾驶电动汽车有助于环境保护，至少制造商的营销部门会让你相信这一点。此处缺乏谓语动词，此处意为“有助于环境保护”，动词词组contributeto(有助于)，符合句意。故选BC项。

7．考查名词。句意：研究发现，电池驱动的汽车用燃煤发电站产生的电力进行充电，其危害可能更大。with后接名词作宾语，用名词形式，此处意为“充电”，名词electricity(电)，符合句意。故选AC项。

8．考查形容词。句意：它可能导致的死亡人数是传统汽油驱动的汽车的三倍多。名词词组petrol-drivenvehicle需要形容词修饰，此处意为“传统的汽油车”，形容词conventional(传统的)，符合句意。故选AB项。

9．考查名词。句意：研究人员估计，当汽车以不同的方式驱动时，细颗粒物和地面臭氧（空气污染的两个重要组成部分）的水平会发生怎样的变化。twoimportant4ofairpollution是名词所有格，应填名词，此处意为“空气污染的两个重要成分”，名词constituent(成分、构成要素)，符合句意。故选A项。

10．考查名词。句意：用风能、太阳能或水力发电给电池充电的电动汽车几乎不含有害物质，这一点也不奇怪。形容词harmful修饰名词，应用名词，此处意为“有害物质”，名词substance(物质)，符合句意。故选CD项。

11．考查副词。句意：但如果这些电动汽车最终用煤来充电，它们将造成3000多人死亡。副词修饰动词recharged，用副词形式，此处意为“但如果这些电动汽车最终用煤充电”，副词ultimately(最终地、根本上)，符合句意。故选B项。

12．考查动词。句意：但是，柴油往往会引起人们对污染的担忧，它比汽油要干净一点。此处缺乏谓语动词，此处意为“常常产生关于污染的担忧”，动词generate(产生)，符合句意。故选ABC项。

13．考查名词。句意：这是因为该研究假设所有汽车的排放控制技术将得到更广泛的应用，尤其是微粒过滤器，它对柴油尾气的净化效果显著。此处意为“柴油废气”，名词exhaust(废气)，符合句意。故选C项。

14．考查形容词。句意：柴油车也比汽油车更省油。此处意为“柴油车也比汽油车更节约”，固定搭配beeconomicalof(对……节约)，形容词economical(节约的)，符合句意。故选D项。

15．考查名词。句意：这并不令人意外，但差异的程度令人意外。the10ofthedifference是名词所有格，用名词形式，此处意为“差别的程度”，名词extent(程度)，符合句意。故选BD项。

16．gifted17．telescope18．initial19．proved20．subscribe21．linked22．astronomers23．outstanding24．shift

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天文学家埃德温·鲍威尔·哈勃的个人经历以及成就。

16．考查形容词。句意：后来，他随家人搬到芝加哥，并进入芝加哥大学学习数学和天文学，很快就证明了他在这些学科上的天赋。作表语，结合句意表示“有天赋的”应用形容词gifted。故填gifted。

17．考查名词。句意：在威尔逊山天文台，哈勃用直径152厘米的望远镜研究了我们银河系内的物体。作宾语，结合句意表示“望远镜”应用名词telescope，不定冠词提示用单数。故填telescope。

18．考查形容词。句意：他最初的发现是在一个星云的外围发现了一颗造父变星。作定语，结合句意表示“最初的”应用形容词initial。故填initial。

19．考查动词。句意：他证明了星云本身就是星系，因此，天文学家现在赞同遥远的星系确实存在的观点。作谓语，表示“证明”应用动词prove，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填proved。

20．考查动词。句意：他证明了星云本身就是星系，因此，天文学家现在赞同遥远的星系确实存在的观点。作谓语，表示“赞同”应用动词，且now表示目前的情况为一般现在时，主语为astronomers，谓语用原形。故填subscribe。

21．考查固定短语。句意：然后，他对46个星系进行了更多的观察，这些星系正以与星系与地球的距离直接相关的速度远离地球。结合句意表示“相关”可知短语为belinkedto。故填linked。

22．考查名词。句意：作为最重要的天文学家之一，他致力于星系研究，在河外天文学和观测宇宙学领域有许多杰出的发现。作宾语，结合句意表示“天文学家”可知应用名词astronomer，且上文为oneof+形容词最高级+可数名词复数。故填astronomers。

23．考查形容词。句意：作为最重要的天文学家之一，他致力于星系研究，在河外天文学和观测宇宙学领域有许多杰出的发现。修饰名词discoveries应用形容词outstanding，作定语。故填outstanding。

24．考查名词。句意：哈勃的努力改变了我们对宇宙如何运作和发展的理解。作宾语，结合句意表示“改变”可知应填名词shift，不定冠词提示用单数。故填shift。

25．I26．G27．E28．K29．H30．A31．C32．B33．J34．F

【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了米国新闻协会和新闻初创企业UrbsMedia之间的合作，建立了一个人工智能基因驱动的新闻服务系统，该服务将使用公开可用的数据每月生成数万条新闻，展开记者机器人的新时期。

25．考查名词。句意：米国国家通讯社星期四宣布，它从这家科技巨头那里获得了70.6万欧元，用于其记者和数据机器人新方案。名词initiative意为“新方案”，在介词for后作宾语，构成介宾结构。故选I项。

26．考查形容词。句意：作为新闻协会和数据驱动的新闻初创企业UrbsMedia之间的合作，RADAR旨在建立一个人工智能基因驱动的新闻服务，该服务将使用公开可用的数据每月生成数万条新闻。形容词available意为“可用的”，修饰名词data作定语。故选G项。

27．考查动词原形。句意：从知名新闻机构到超级本地媒体和博客，每个人都可以从该计划中受益。动词benefit意思是“受益”，与该空前could构成谓语。故选E项。

28．考查名词。句意：新闻协会总编辑彼得·克利夫顿（PeterClifton）称：“这是一个非常令人兴奋的发展，我们相信，我们与UrbsMedia的合作关系可以真正改变整个英国和爱尔兰的游戏规则。名词partnership意为“合作关系”，在动词believe后作宾语，构成动宾结构。故选K项。

29．考查副词。句意：根据新闻协会的说法，RADAR不一定必然标志着有血有肉的记者的终结，而是使人工智能能够产生大量无法手动匹配的描述。副词necessarily意为“必然地”，修饰该句中的动词mark作状语。故选H项。

30．考查固定短语。句意：设想的工作流程将从人类记者识别开放的数据集开始，并“创建涵盖犯罪、健康和就业等一系列主题的详细描述模板”。固定短语arangeof表示“一系列……”，其中冠词a后介词of之前搭配名词range。故选A项。

31．考查名词。句意：然后，新闻协会的客户将能够使用一个特殊的分发平台来识别观众感兴趣的新闻故事。名词interest意为“兴趣；关注”，在介词of后作宾语，构成介宾结构。故选C项。

32．考查形容词。句意：然而，在新闻行业，内容自动化并不是一个新颖的概念。形容词novel意为“新颖的”，修饰名词concept作定语。故选B项。

33．考查非谓语动词。句意：一项研究发现，来自主要新闻机构的记者在观看自动生成的体育报道时有一些保留意见。分析句子结构可知，这是一个时间状语从句省略句，generate与逻辑主语sportsstory之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词形式generated作定语修饰sportsstory。故选J项。

34．考查时态。句意：在许多媒体正面临商业压力之际，RADAR将为新闻生态系统提供一种经济高效的方式，提供有见地的地方报道。分析句意可知，句意表达“正面临商业压力”，谓语动词应该使用现在进行时，根据现在进行时的结构“am/is/are+动词的现在分词”，该空应该填现在分词experiencing，符合句意。故选F项。

35．D36．C37．F38．A39．E

【导语】这是一篇说明文。屠呦呦和她的团队查阅了中国古代医学文献，找到了治疗疟疾的方法。

35．考查名词。句意：屠呦呦的研究小组检查了2000多种古老的医学文献，评估了28万种植物的药用价值。空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意可知，此处表示“属性，特性”，property“特性；属性”符合题意，根据280,000plants可知应用复数形式，故选D。

36．考查形容词。句意：从他们的研究中，他们发现并测试了380种不同的中国古代药物，这些药物在对抗疟疾方面显示出希望。空处是形容词作定语修饰名词，结合句意可知用形容词distinct“不同的”，故选C。

37．考查动词。句意：虽然他们的项目陷入了困境，但屠呦呦并不承认失败。空处在句中为谓语，结合空前didn’t可知，这里使用动词原形。根据句意可知，空处的含义为“承认”，动词acknowledge“承认”符合题意，故选F。

38．考查名词。句意：最后，他们发现了一种有效的物质。结合空前冠词a可知，此处使用单数可数名词。根据句意可知，这里的含义为“物质”，substance符合题意，冠词a后用单数，故选A。

39．考查形容词。句意：由此可见，屠呦呦是一位敬业的科学家。空处为形容词作定语，修饰名词scientist，根据句意，此处指“敬业的”，形容词committed“尽心尽力的，忠诚的”符合题意，故选E。

40．F41．J42．C43．A44．H45．E46．G47．D48．B49．I

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在华盛顿特区的一个公益项目，旨在向青少年和年轻人教授木工和成品木工技能。

40．考查形容词。句意：把电动工具交给年轻学生可能会导致一些灾难性的情况。分析句子可知，该空需要一个形容词作定语；下文转折后说，教会孩子们正确使用后，会让他们受益，由此可知，该空表示孩子们不懂相关知识就使用这些电动工具是很危险的。F项disastrous为形容词，意为“灾难性的”符合语境。故选F项。

41．考查非谓语动词。句意：它包括一个完全装在卡车里的木工车间，就像一种“轮子上的教室”。由空前副词可知该空需要一个动词作后置定语修饰woodshop，根据后文可知，这个工作间是被装在卡车里的，是移动的，所以J项house为过去分词，表示“被安置在”符合句意。故选J项。

42．考查动词及语态。句意：流动木店计划是由非营利机构Zenith社区艺术基金会发起的。根据空后的介词bythenon-profitZenithCommunityArtsFoundation可知，该空需要一个动词使用被动语态；thenon-profitZenithCommunity