托福强化听力toefl

levelacademicsettings）的水平。1 作2、 3 4 考 finalexamination5、 分数 passinggradefailinggradepassalltheexaminationswithflyingcolorspassalltheexaminationswithflyingtakenotes writeonsthonthepaperlendborrow thehours register takesomecourses 其专业话题含盖四大范畴：1)Arts;2LifeScience3)PhysicalScience;4)SocialScience。ArtsLectures：文科类1.Architecture建筑学2.Industrialdesign/art工业设计/美3.Citynning城市规划4.Crafts（工艺：weaving纺织,knitting针织,fabrics纺织品,furniture家具,carving雕刻,mosaics镶嵌,ceramics制陶业,etc.;folkandtribalart民族和种族5.Cave/rockart/岩石6.Musicandmusichistory音乐或音乐史7.Photography摄影8.Litureandauthors文学和作家9.Books,newspapers,magazines,journals书、报纸、、期LifeScienceLectures：生命科学1.Exttionoforconservationeffortsforanimalsandnts动植物的或保护问题 Fishandotheraquaticorganisms鱼类和其他水生生物Bacteriaandotheronecelledorganisms细菌和其他单细胞生物4.esMedicaltechniques6.Publichealth7.Physiologyofsensoryorgans感官生理学8.Biochemistry生物化学9.Animalbehavior,e.g.,migration,foodforaging,defensivebehavior动物行为学，如：迁徙、掠食、防御行为Habitatsandtheadaptationofanimalsandntstothem栖息地及动植物对其的适应Nutritionanitsimpactonthebody营养学及其对的影AnimalcommunicationPhysicalScienceLectures：自然科学1.Weatherandatmosphere气候与大气2.Oceanography海洋学3.Glaciers,glaciallandforms,iceages冰河、冰河地形、冰川期4.Desertsandotherextremeenvironments沙漠及其他环境5.Pollution,alternativeenergy,environmental污染、替代能源、环境政策6.Othernets’atmospheres其他行星7.Astronomyandcosmology8.Propertiesofsound9.Electromaicradiation电磁辐射ParticlephysicsTechnologyofTV,radio,radar电视、无线电、技MathChemistryofinorganicthingsComputerscienceSeismology学(testructure板块结构,earthquakes,tectonics构造地质学,continentaldrift大陆漂移,structureofvolcanoes火山构造)SocialsScienceLectures：社会科学1.Anthropologyofnonindustrialized2.Earlywritingsystems3.Historicallinguistics4.Business,management5.TV/radioasmasscommunication电视/无线电作为大众工具6.Socialsbehaviorofgroups,communitydynamics,communalbehavior群体的社会行为、社会动力学、公共行为7.Childdevelopment儿童发展8.Education教育学9.Modernhistory现代(ludingthehistoryofurbanizationandindustrializationandtheireconomicandsocialeffects包括都市化和工业化的进程及其经济和记上交给Supervisor。TOEFLTOEFL一味强迫考生纯粹用耳朵接受信息，用眼睛扫描选项的抽象界面，代之以大量相关配合声音资料，活化题目场景，加强考生的理副将同时在电脑中被显现出来。往往无视ETS要求先听、后读、再选的正确做题顺序，转而采用先读、后听、再选的TOEFL采取基于互联网的机考形式，听完整篇文章之前是无法预外还需的是：考生不能进行跳跃性做题，不会的题目必须蒙一个答案，才可以进入下一道题。也就是说，新TOEFL不允许你有二次考虑的可能。TOEFL除单选题以外加入多选题、图表题、是非题、排序题等其Forthismultiplechoicetypeofquestion,youwillchoosethebestoffourpossibleWhenyouclickonanoval,theovalwilldarkenthatisyourchoice；B.ClickonTwoAnswers：Forthistypeofquestion,youwillclickontwoanswers.Andyouwillclickonboxesinsteadofoval；C.ListenAgaintoPartoftheText：Forthistypeofquestion,youwillhearpartoftheaudioagain；DClickonaPicture：Forthistypeofquestion,youwillclickonapictureorpartofapicture；E.DragAnswerChoices：Forthistypeofquestion,youwillusethemousetodragtexttocompletealisttable,orsummary；FClickonaTableForthistypeofquestion,youwillclickonboxesinatable。TOEFLTOEFL更侧重学术语言环境。语言素组织结构大不同新TOEFL的部分取消了对短的考查，代之以两篇长和四篇课堂，因此在很大程度上淡化了做题技巧，更加注重对实力的考查。篇幅长度大不同新TOEFL的长和课堂的时间都不同程度的增长，3~6真实性，比如在授往往会出现跑题、犹豫、暂停、重复、思考、自修正等现实问篇5道，每篇6道加起来共34道题左右，每道试题1~2分，共34~36分。从题目TOEFLTOEFL40~60分钟左右，为TOEFLTOEFL的听TOEFL12秒。这就意味着考的时间之内做完所有的题目即可。这样无疑大大提升了部分的正确率。角色数量大不同新TOEFL的段落中有一位教授与多个学生的情形，这要比TOEFL一对一的形式更易引起角色和误听新TOEFL的给考生带来了巨大的。不仅仅是，综合新TOEFL的、的思想和论证思路融会贯通后再回答问题。可想而知，如果开始就听不懂，那么无论是写作题还是口试题都将无从下手。所以的当务之急就是在整体上把握和熟悉新TOEFL的基础之上，切实提高自身的水平，而不是一味追求所谓的“考试技巧”。

因而在题目总数中占有半壁。该要通过GistQuestions(主旨题)和Detail二、关联信息的理解能力（ConnectingInformation）这种能力的考查相当重视对文章脉络和上下文关联信息的把握，主要通过OrganizationQuestions(结构题)Relationship三、语用信息的理解能力（PragmaticUnderstanding）这是新TOEFL中层次最高的能一、输入多看校园，多听英文广播，从而培养语感，纠正发音，达到厚积而薄发的境界；“输出”指大胆开口说英文，养成勤做presentation的习惯，达到能够举一反三、触比题、判断题与推理题。形象思维则是“M7”英语听学法中的精髓，即在过程中人在遣词造句上的形象性特征是有目共睹的。举个简单的例子，如果把“He’shotunder场景图像。一旦抽象的文字变成了具体的形象，就可以帮助更容易、更准确地理解 processing 文字深刻地多。印象越深，也就越持久。如此看来，形象思维可以使 变为主动，即便新TOEFL再怎样复杂艰险，也能够迎刃而解了。三、模仿（MODEL）与扩展（MULTIPLY）相结合很多考生在考试之前都一味追求“题 需要模仿和扩展了。模仿指认真跟读TOEFL题目中的各种语言点，包括语音、语调、扩充常考词汇和句式的其他含义和用法。因为TOEFL考查的一点就是“一词多义” 四、挖掘（MINE）与背诵（MEMORIZE）相结合语言是文化和思维的载体，掌握了英语表达的逻辑思维，就能在TOEFL中以不变应万变，变为主动。所以要挖掘TOEFL语言背后特有的美语思维模式和文化背景；同时将挖掘的内容加以背诵胸臆式表达、II.先扬后抑式逻辑、III.间接回答式思维就是考生首先要消化吸收的内容。（2）Make（4）Multiply（6）Memorize （创造TOEFL第一步：要想彻底不卡壳地听懂TOEFL的内容，或与老行无交流，首先要Maintainyourcomposureandyourconfidence，就是说要保持冷静和自信，千万不要因为一处没反应过来就慌了手脚。这种良好的心理素质对于实力的培养和提高相当关键。第二步：练习TOEFL的过程中要学会根据语言传达的信息Makepicturesandimages,“听了后面，忘了前面”的“怪圈”。也，才能使真正体察到“登泰山而小天下”注意力放回到听过的题目上，可以说它们才是进一步分析、研究，从而树立听觉形象的pronunciationintonation言点越简单，就越值得认真模仿。这跟“学写汉字的时候，笔画越少的字越难写好，需第四步：在模仿的基础上，Multiplythemeaningandusageofthewordsandpatterns，即大力扩展TOEFL题目中常用词汇和句式的其他含义和用法。因为TOEFL考查的一大却仍然搞不懂这个词在题目中的确切含义的。ofthinkingbehindthelanguage,即努力挖掘题目语言背后的美式思维逻辑和文化背景。毕竟语言是文化和思维的载体，掌握了老外的逻辑思维，就能在TOEFL过程中以不变应万变，变为主动。第六步：Memorizeall。即在“立体”解构了TOEFL题目，将它们加以背诵和，以求达到脱口而出的感觉。因为TOEFL的语言重现率很高，背得越多，意味着没听过的就越少。久而久之，不仅TOEFL的实力大增，也培养了良好的口语语感，何乐而不为呢？当然背诵是份“苦差事”，但试想一下：若离开了从 今天的知识积淀？“欲穷大地三千里，须上八百盘。”可以说，背诵是登上TOEFL最高境界的重要环节。如果说“M7”的前五步是“消化过程”，那么背诵这第六步就是“吸收过程”。所以 当然，It’seasysaidthandone千里之行，始于足下。为了达到看似“遥不可及”的TOEFL之至高境界，就让从现在开始M7“齐步走”吧！

规律一：TOEFL中的［］试比较bar和bath中“a”字母的发音。英音中二要卷舌，故读成［］，bath中的“ath（f，n，s之前也适用学生发这个音的问题在于嘴形张不大，所以音发得不够夸张。其实老外在发这个音的时候都很到位，听起来也足够夸张。总之一句话：不能用说汉语的习惯来说英文。grass，class，can’t，ask，answer，path，bath，dance，etc.beach（沙滩）bitch（贱妇）两词的元音发音。显然发［］的bitch［］的同学却大有人在，因而见到老外瞠目结舌的反应也就不足为怪了。所以在TOEFL少说是一种简单化的理解。odel具体在发［：］音时，不要将它与汉语中的“衣”混为一谈，从而带上浓郁的“”。相比之下，［：］的发音更紧张，注意嘴唇要向两舌尖要顶住下齿。由于在发音的时候，唇形微展，故形成一个非常自然的笑容。这就是为什么老外在照相的时候总要“saycheese［］和［：］在中是两个相对独立的音。发［］音时，唇部扁平，但没有发［：］的时候那么伸展，且口形稍大。舌前部稍向硬腭抬起，但趋势不能太强。TOEFL必考的此类亟须和亟待区别的发音还有：sheet&shit，leave&live，seat&sit，leap&lip，etc.caugh“的过去式）的元音发音。英音中二者没有区别，均为［］；而TOEFL中，两词的flawfloorcourt一词的“ou”由于在中也演变成了两个音，这同样也是一种的异化现象。MultiplyTOEFL最常lord，etc.［］：bought，flaw，all，ball，call，dawn，long，small，etc.［］的异化这种较难的发音规律，相比较而言，对［］音hot，hospital，knock，odd，sock，want，water，popular，dollar，etc.规律四：中的辅音与汉语中的声母之比较虽然在为“哑巴英语”的现状 说英语是具有优势的，因为英语中的辅音在汉语中基本上可以找到对应，比如说b，p，f等。英语中把它们称作辅音， 的汉语把它们叫作声母。Model但是，如果 中的辅音能够出声，气流冲破感要强得多。如果 仍旧用发汉语的声母的习惯book(书)会发成“布克”、bad（坏的）会变成“白的”。这也就是为什么 是带有浓郁的“”的。明白了这点差别， 一定要注意英语辅音的气流冲破感，从而说出一口地道漂亮的美式英语TOEFL中最常考辅音的具体分类如下也许大家注意到了，十大规律中的前三条均为TOEFL中的元音规律，而且是通过英音与的区别进行比较和分析的；在接下来的六条关于辅音的规律中，则大多是将美语多、最令人头痛的音之一，故须先搞清楚“t”在中的发音规则。总结一下，共Model当“t”出现在两个元音之间且处于非重读位置的时候，［］音需要经过从送气到不送气的转变，发成一个近似于［d］的浊化的音（most［］sound。MultiplyTOEFLcity，etc.以下几组TOEFL常考词：tt”ItalianItalyattackatticatomicatomLatinoLatinphotographerNo.音也需要经过一个从送气到不送气的转变，发成一个近似于［］的音。MultiplyTOEFL最常考此类特色发音词汇汇编：battle，bottle，cattle，little，rattle，settle，etc.特别提示［］和［］连起来的［］这个音千万不可卷舌。舌尖只是做轻微，No. No.3的时候，强调前两个条件是“且”的关系，即两条必须同时成立。例音，所以不符合No.3的规则。No.sentence，burden，golden，pardon，sudden，suddenly，etc.特别提示会对这种鼻音感到十分不习惯，因为汉语中并没有这种发音方式。但为了能在TOEFL中树立精确的听觉形象，克服听觉，有必要精益求精。发音时，务必控制好舌头，舌No.Model当“t”处在单词的词尾，且前面又有元音或者“r”字母，此时“t”通常不发音。MultiplyTOEFL最常考此类特色发音词汇汇编：art，heart，cat，hit，it，get，gut，Model当“t”在清辅音或浊辅音［］、［］，且处于非重读的位置，“t”发清晰No.Model可以说在TOEFL中，No.1~No.6只适用于单词单个存在的情况。如果放在词组No1不送气的发音规则是不变的。Multiply sleavehererightaway. No.Multipl中最常考此类特色发音结构举例：not—It’snotme（不是）right—She’snotinrightnow.（她现在不在。/她刚刚走开了。）just—Hecalledyoujustnow.（他刚才打找你。）格区分。TOEFL中writer的“t”是舌尖“轻触”上齿龈根部后“迅速回缩”，从而将气流堵回去，因而只是变成不送气音，而非“浊化”；rider中的“d”是舌尖“更大面积规律六：单词中的“r”字母——“卷舌”的标志显而易“听”，卷舌发音是区别于rose(玫瑰)读成“肉丝”，road(马路)读成“肉的”。舌即可。MultiplyTOEFL最常考此类特色发音词汇汇编唇形和舌形兼顾）red，poor，door，etc.特别提示当然，话说回来，这种卷舌规律很严格，故不含“r”字母的单这些都考生经常误认为要发成卷舌的典型，务必纠正和牢记。规律七：TOEFL中的破擦音［］&［］试比较chance中的字母组合“ch”和汉合“ch”的英语单词，实际上它们的发音大相径庭。Model［］音千万不能发成汉语中““lunchbranchwhichwatchpicturesearchlecturechoosechatetc.［］：judge，jam，join，region，bridge，general，joy，John，Jack，joke，etc.规律八：TOEFL中的辅音连缀：［］&［］原本在英音中还有一对清浊对应的破擦音［］和［］，但它们在TOEFL的发音中，也就是美式英语中并未看 紧张，舌头上卷（规律五中有详细论述同时加上［］和［］的因素；而 过［］和［］两音舌头需平展，千万不能卷舌，这就是两对音的区别所在了。试（trip(旅行)［］ 在TOEFL中对［tr］&［dr］和［］&［］这两对音不加区分的话，就很难迅速反应，答案了。MultiplyTOEFL最常考含有［］和［］音在中，[l]的发音分为两种：清晰的[l]（clear[l]）和模糊的[l]（dark[l。清晰的lcloudy，letlightlampetc。模糊的l出现在元流，气流从舌的两侧通过，此时[l]是浊辅音，要振动声带。这个音与汉语的“乐”位置，就变成了清晰的[l]。TOEFL中最常考的含有[l]音的特色词汇汇编：清晰的[l]: 模糊的letcWilliamwillingetc其实它们中前一个是模糊的l，后一个是清晰的l，记住两个l，worldCarletc中齿龈音[s]、[z]和舌齿音[θ 和接近，但不能碰到一起。气流从舌端和齿龈形成的窄缝中通过泄出，摩擦发音。其中[s]是TOEFL中含有[θ]和[ð]]这种最常考特色发音的词汇汇编：[θ]：think，record（唱片，记录，cupboard（碗柜，etc（注意：划线部分发成长元音i:]，而不是同于英音中的[ai]neither（也，either（注意：划线部分发成长元音i:]，而不是同于英音中的[ai])ki′lomete（de′tail（ga′rage，etc′Laboratory（，′address（地址，etc，ordi′narily（，tempo′rarily（暂时的，acci′dentally（偶尔的，etc。Dictionary（字典，laboratory（，secretary（，etc，hoses（，bushes（，pages（，rages（（（ ，uesday（，erare（，duty（，ste（，tde（，sue（sui（，new， ，knew（，（注意：划线部分应读成[ju]，但由于在字母d,t,st,s,n TOEFL [′klǝ：rk]borough（市镇、区）[′b^rǝ] [′b^rǝu]thorough（彻底的）[′θ^rǝ] [′θ^rǝu] [mægǝ′zi:n][′mægǝzi:n] [tǝ′ma:tǝu][tǝ′meitǝu] [′skeʤjul]Linkingof ⌣Ihavelotsof ⌣Let’seat ⌣ ⌣She’sin ⌣Where’sour ⌣AmItoo ⌣Comeon ⌣Whattimeisit 现在几点 ⌣Youcanask He’san ⌣TurnofftheTV ⌣Youreverywishwillbe ⌣Ourexamwas ⌣Youransweris Shecanlusthe ⌣Filloutthisapplication ⌣He’sastallas ⌣travel ⌣Thecatisontopofthe ⌣Keepupthegood ⌣I’llhaveacupof ⌣Theyalwaysgetu ⌣Classstartsat ⌣Pleaseputit ⌣baddog likecandy biggirl 如果前一个单词的结尾元音是[ʊ][u][ǝu][аʊ]的时候，与后面元音相连的时候加入beon [bІjɔnstay flow [flǝu′wаʊt]growup [grǝu′wǝp]““们都是由“Blockrelease”即“堵住+释放”而成。失去去掉release,只留下block。lap good abig letlhimaskherreachhimlher1．[t]+[j]—It’sverynicetomeetyou.[′mitʃu] 很高兴见到你。Don’thurtyourself。І[͵hɝtʃɚ′sɛlf]别伤了你自己！Isthatyour Wouldyoupleasecomein Handyourbookto Didyoursister [′dI Imiss Wewillcomethis Hegotupearlyas Here’syour Iloveyoubecauseyouareyou. 5．“t（特别提醒 wantto—wan 汉语是音节语言（syllable-timedlanguage所以 重音语言（stress-timedlanguage，单词有词重音，句子有句重音。在在 ex͵peri′ment（做实验含有-ful,less,ness,ly,ible/able----′cultivate（耕种，动词）—͵culti′vation（种植，名词）′civilize（使开化，动词）--͵civili′zation（文明，名词含有-ative词缀的单词，如果只有三个音节，那么重音落在首音节；如果单词多于af′firm（肯定，动词）af′firmative（肯定的，形容词）(重音不同，含义不同black′board黑色的木板 green′house绿色的房子′greenhouse温室′way(自由通行的道路)′way(高速公路 rocking′chair(摇椅)touring′(旅行公司)′fourdays四天for′days（好多天′four(四英里)for′（好几里包括名词、实义动词、形容词、副词、代词、感叹词、和数词。比如：Iama′teacher.而其͵Will͵likesto͵y ͵Will͵likesto′y͵soccer. ͵Will′likesto͵y͵soccer.威尔的的确确喜欢踢（他不是不喜欢′Will͵likesto͵y Will′didn’ttakeJacktothatswimmingpooltoswimyesterday.威尔昨天没带杰克去那个′Willdidn’ttakeJacktothatswimmingpooltoswimyesterday.威尔昨天没带杰克去那Willdidn’ttake′Jacktothatswimmingpooltoswimyesterday.威尔昨天没带杰克去那Willdidn’ttakeJackto′thatswimmingpooltoswimyesterday.威尔昨天没带杰克去那Willdidn’ttakeJacktothatswimmingpoolto′swimyesterday.威尔昨天没带杰克去那Willdidn’ttakeJacktothatswimmingpooltoswim′yesterday.威尔昨天没带杰克去那见重音转移带来否定转移,而否定转移自然带来句意转移。正常：Will′won’tgotoany TOEFL中还会时不时产生以下几种特殊的句重音，分别表示几种特定的含义，给eg:Oh,youdidgetit.(你真的拿到了呀！)So,itwasyou. can’t重音表示：惊讶=Ican’tbelieveeg:Itcan’tbemylastdollar.(这不可能是 Hecan’tbeinMiaminow.(他现在不可能在迈阿密。)ifonly重音表示：但愿=Ireallyeg:Ifonlywehadwonthegame.(真希 能赢这场比赛。IfonlyIhadamilliondollars.(真希望有一百万。eg:Onlyeveryminute.(全部时间Ionlydroveawholehourtosee eg:Ihopeyouwillhavealighterschedulenextyear.( eg:Hehasn'tseenhisparentsforyears. 好几年没见到父母了。 再比如：forReduced TOEFL中的美语总给 riverflow.这是因为重读和弱化的存在。TOEFL中最常考的弱化现象可细化为六种方式：[æt]stay′at[ǝt]′stayat[fɔr]t′for[fɚ]tfor[frɔm]come′from[frəm]comefrom[Іn]go′inthe[ǝn]′gointhe[^v]acup′ofabag′of[ə]acupof[v]abagof[tu]go′tothe[tǝ]′gotothe[ju]′See′you[jǝ]′Seeya[jur]Thisisnot′your[jɚ]′Whereisyer[kæn]Yes,I[kǝn]Icanspeaka[ǝ]It’sa[æn]Iwant[ǝn]Wantan元音之前[ði]Givethe[ðǝ]The′bookis want′some[sǝm]′Givemesome′paper, and[ǝn]Please′givemesomecream’n’即在TOEFL中，[i]经常弱化成趋近于[ǝ]的音visit,service,direction,Philip,David,,,etc.but,bug,duck,does,goodluck,etc. 种现象的规律就等于掌握了攻克TOEFL的另一大诀窍。TOEFL中的口语素材，所以在发音中，不仅会把该弱读的词弱读，smoothlyandsoftly（光滑和 缩读。但在近年的 dailyfunctional，更能体现现实生活，一定程度上，缩’n cream’nsugar.要一些奶油’causecould’vecould’ac’nc’mdiddidja’djagivegoinggonnagotgottabetterleavelee’meletlem’meol’It’sanol’这是一张很旧的outoutta 注意这里的prob’lysher\ 前的连读、重读和弱化的规则，因为 便可如虎添翼，百战不殆，Wishya）Bingo！.GuessGuesswhat?IjustheardDave’ssellingthatcarofhisthatyoulikesomuch.（你猜怎么着？听说Dave要买掉他那辆车，是你特喜欢的那辆呦。）Oh,wow,I’llbetit’ pensive,butitcouldn’thurttocheckitout.（哇塞！一定会很Say,Say,Richard,Ifyoulikeantiquecars,we’vegotanextraticketfortheautoshowSaturdayCaretojoinus?（嗨，RichardGee.HowcouldIturndownanofferlikethat?（太棒了，I’mgoingtoChicagoonbusinessandsomebodysaidyouwerethetotalkaboutwhatIcandothereforfun.（要去芝加哥出差，有人说想知道怎么玩就找你。YoubetIam.Ihopeyou’vegotatleastamonth.（你算是找对人了，希望你至少有只 中出现以上任一语气词，均代表说话人心情不畅、失望，或是对对方的说法表 只 中出现以上任一语气词，均代表说话人心情不畅、失望，或是对对方的说法表 OopsDidanyofmycoffeejustspillonyou?（哎呦咖啡溅到你身上没It’shot!Isthatallyouhavetosay?（烫死了，难道你就说些这个Ahnuts.AndIwasabouttodrivehome.（真蠢，还要开车回家呢！I'vebeenwaitingallweekforthisconcert.Thephilharmonicissupposedtobeexcellentandwithourstudentdiscounttheticketswillbereallycheap.（等这场音乐会一个 Uh-uhI'mafraidIleftmystudentIDinmyotherpurse.（糟糕，恐怕把学生证落在别Oh,man！Oh,boy！Gosh！AhMyGod！Oh,myReallyetc.只要Oh,man!Somethinginthisroomismakingmyeyesitch.Imustbeallergicto 眼睛发痒了，一定是对什么过敏。）HmmIwonderwhatit Jane,didn’tyougetmymessages?Ilefttwoonyouransweringmachine.（Jane信息了吗？在你 Ah?Sorry.Tom.I’vebeenmeaningtogetbackintouchwithyou.Itjustslippedmy（Ah?抱歉 在TOEFL中，除特定的语气词可以帮助迅速把握说话者的意图之外，人Iinvitedmyclasshomeforcoffee.（邀请班上的同学喝咖啡。Inthistinyce?↗（就在这个小地方Whatdoestheman急速上升↗，含有不屑一顾的感觉。Thewoman’shomeistoosmallWhatdoesthemanmean?自然上升语调↗读出，等于“Ididn’tgetit.Pleasesaythatagain.” 夸张式的上升语调↗↗读出“Really?Howcouldthishappen?” 下降语调↘读出，“Whathitthewindow?”M:Yougoahead,andsitnexttoMarisa.Idon'twanthertalkingtomethroughoutthewholemovie.WAndIdo?（若是“AndIdo↘”，表示 愿意跟他说话”的同意含义；但若为“AndIdoYouwaited’sCaféyesterdaydidn’tyou?Wastheremuchofawaittobeseated?（ Wasthere?WishI’dbroughtabookorsomethingtooccupymytime.（你说呢？当DoyouwanttogoonatripwithustoFloridathisspring?Itwillcostabout$300 $300?DoyouthinkIjustinheritedafortune?（300美圆？你不会认为继承了大笔财产吧。注意：升调表否定。言外之意：300美圆太贵，不去了。）Didn’tyouthinkGeorgegiveagreatspeech?（ 吗Areyouserious?↗（你是认真的吗？注意：升调表否定。言外之意：新TOEFL“常见题干汇编简单的一种能力，因而在题目总数中占有半壁。该要通过GistQuestions(主旨题)和DetailQuestions(细节题)对考生加以。What’sthesubject/topic/mainidea/purposeofthepassage/conversation?Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?/What’stheman’sproblem?WhatistheprofessormainlyWhatarethespeakers/studentsmainlydiscussing?Whatisthemaintopic/ideaofthelecture/talk?What’sthespeaker’smainWhatisthelecturemainlyWhataspect doestheprofessormainlyWhy…intheWhydoesthestudentvisittheWhydoesthestudentvisittheregistrar’soffice?Whydoestheprofessorasktoseethestudent?WhydoestheprofessorexinX?Whatisstated/indicatedinthepassage/lectureabout…?Accordingtothespeaker/professor, Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisonewaythatXcanaffectY?Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisthemainproblemwiththeXtheory?Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknow?Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?Whathappenedto Whatreasonisgiven Whatdoestheprofessorsay Howdoestheprofessor Howdoestheprofessoremphasizeherpointabout What What Whatresultedfromtheinventionofthe Which Selectthedrawingthatshows Selectthediagramthatrepresents Identifythepartofthepicturethatrepresents Whichareaofthediagramillustrates Whatis Inthisconversation,whatdoes Accordingtothespeaker,whatdoes Howdoesthespeakerdefine 察相当重视对文章脉络和上下文关联信息的把握，主要通过OrganizationQuestions(结构题)和RelationshipQuestions(关联题)实施测试。HowdoesthespeakerorganizetheinformationthatheHowdoestheprofessororganizetheinformationabout thathepresentstotheclass?Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthelecture?Howdoestheprofessordevelopthetopic?Howdoestheprofessorhelpthestudent?Howdoestheinstructorclarifyherpointabout Howisthediscussionorganized?Howistheinformationinthepassageorganized?Whydoestheprofessordiscuss/mention ClassifyorcategorizeinformationDescribecausesandeffectsDescribeusesExauses/reasons解释Giveexamples/instructions举例/NarrateaneventShowdifferences/similaritiesbetweenideas异SummarizeaprocessTracethehistoryordevelopment讲述或发展过IndicateorsignalatopicshiftConnectamaintopictoasubtopicProvideanintroductionoraconclusionStartadigressionWhatdoestheprofessor/speakerimplyaboutthe Whatwillthestudentprobablydonext?Whatisprobablytrueabout Whatcanbeconcludedabout Whatcanbeinferredabout Whatcanbeinferredfromthetalk?HowdoesthestudentprobablyWhatisthelikelyoutcomeofngprocedureXbeforeprocedureWhatdoestheprofessorimplywhenhesaysthis?(reWhatwillthewomanprobablydo?Whatwillthestudentprobablydonext?Whatwillprobablyhappennext?Whatwilltheprofessorprobablydiscussnext?Whatwillthenextlectureprobablybeabout?Whatdoestheprofessormeanbythisstatement?(rey)Whatdoesthestudentmeanwhenshesaythis?(rey)Whatdoestheprofessorimplywhenhesaysthis?(rey)Foreachsentence,clickinthecorrectWouldtheprofessormostlikelyagreeordisagreewitheachstatementBasedontheinformationinthetalk,indicatewhethereachstatementbelowdescribes Basedontheinformationinthelecture,indicatewhethereachstatementbelowreflectstheideas Matcheachtermwiththecorrectdefinition/classification：Matcheachtypeof withthecorrectdescription. isassociatedwith Basedonthespeaker’sdescription,classifythe Basedontheinformationinthetalk,indicatewhethereachphrasebelow 是非题SummarizetheprocessbyputtingthestepsinthecorrectThespeakerdescribesasequenceofevents.PuttheeventsinthecorrectTheprofessorbrieflydescribestheprocessof .Determinewhetherthesentencesbelowarestepsintheprocess.（三）语用信息的理解能力，即PragmaticUnderstanding，这是新托福中层次最高StanceQuestions（态度题）Itsureiscoldinhere.你的第一反应Thetemperaturehereislow.,Getyoutoclosethewindow.Whydoesthestudentgotoseetheprofessor?Whatistheman’sproblem?WhyisthewomanWhatisthemainpurposeoftheconversation/talk/lecture?Whatisthespeaker’smainpurpose?Listenagaintopartofthepassage.Thenanswerthequestion：Whatdoestheprofessorimplywhenhesaysthis?(rey)Whatcanbeinferredfromtheprofessor’sresponsetothestudent?(rey)Whatisthepurposeofthewoman’sresponse?(rey)Whydoesthestudent/speakersaythis?(reWhydoesthestudent Whydoestheprofessormention Whydoestheinstructortalkabout Whydoesthespeakerlastoryabout Whydoesthespeakerasktheclassabout Listenagaintopartofthepassage，thenanswerWhatcanbeinferredaboutthestudentwhenhesaysthis?(rey)Whatdoesthewomanmeanwhenshesaysthis?(rey)Selectthesentencethatbestexpresseshowthespeakerfeels.Whatdoesthespeakermean?WhatcanbeinferredabouttheWhatisthespeaker/professor/student’sattitudetowards Whatistheprofessor’sopinionof Whatistheprofessor’spointofviewconcerning Whatdoestheprofessorthinkof Whatistheattitude/opinion/pointofviewofthe托福之三大场景、四大话题（词汇）instructor’sofficehours,即教授与学生在里就学术课题或课程咨询展开的长。serviceencounters,即学生与学校的工作人员在校园某处就非学术类话题展开的长。studentin ctions,即学生之间就学术或非学术类话题展开的长。比如准备发言、PartAPartB的测试点如LifeScience,3)PhysicalScience,4)SocialScienceArchitectureIndustrialdesign/art工业设计/Citynning城市规Crafts（工艺）weaving纺织knitting针织fabrics纺织品furniture家具carving雕刻,mosaics镶嵌,ceramics制陶业,etc;folkandtribalart民族个和种族Cave/rockart/岩石MusicandmusichistoryPhotography摄影 tureandauthorsBooks,newspapers,magazines,journals书/报纸//LifeSciencelectures:Exttionoforconservationeffortsforanimalsandnts动植物的或保护问FishandotheraquaticorganismsBacteriaandotherone-celledorganismsesMedicaltechniquesPublichealthPhysiologyofsensoryorgansBiochemistryAnimalbehaviore.gmigration,foodforaging,defensivebehavior动物行为学，如：迁Habitatsandtheadaptationofanimalsandntstothem栖息地及动植物对其的适应Nutritionanitsimpactonthebody营养学及其对的影AnimalcommunicationWeatherandatmosphereOceanographyGlaciers,glaciallandforms,iceages地形，冰川Desertsandotherextremeenvironments沙漠及其他环Pollution,alternativeenergy,environmental污染，替代能源，环境政Othernets’atmospheres其他行星的环AstronomyandcosmologyPropertiesofsoundElectromaicradiation电磁辐ParticlephysicsTechnologyofTV,radio,radar电视，无线电，技MathChemistryofinorganicthingsComputerscienceSeismology学(testructure板块结构,earthquakes,tectonics筑构学,continentaldrift大陆漂移,structureofvolcanoes火山构造)Anthropologyofnon-industrializedcivilizationsEarlywritingsystemsHistoricallinguistics语言Business,managementTV/radioasmasscommunication电视/无线电作为大众工Socialsbehaviorofgroups,communitydynamics,communalbehavior群体的社会行ChilddevelopmentEducationModernhistory现代(ludingthehistoryofurbanizationandindustrializationandtheireconomicandsocialeffects都市化和工业化的进程及其经济和社会影响) 对TOEFLiBT词汇的学习绝不同于其他阅读、写作、口语词汇的学习。考生们往握。学习TOEFLiBT的词汇应该达到举一反三，触类旁通。iBT的真正难度不在于考生是否能抓住大词，而体现在对“小词深义、熟词僻义”的理解统地加以，这样才能让这些词汇真正融入到的血液中。毕竟TOEFLiBT只好的听觉意识，以达到在考试中及时反应、迅速作答的目的。六、重单词，轻习语。对于TOEFLiBT而言，最常见的出题点之一就是对大量习将TOEFL考试中的原文作为语料库，竭力避免以上的六大误区，编著《TOEFLiBT词汇小伴侣》.四、方法科学独到五、“+音标”六、“+分类词汇+习语词汇” Thiscasserolereallytastesgood.Iguessthat’sbecausethevegetablesinitarefreshinsteadThiscasserolereallytastesgood.Iguessthat’sbecausethevegetablesinitarefreshinsteadofcanned.（这种蒸锅做出来的菜真好吃。是因为其中的蔬菜是新鲜的，而不是IknowKindofraretreatinthiscafeteria.（同意。这可是学生里少见的待遇啊！Boy,howquicklytechnologychanges.Somanypeoplehaveacomputerintheirhomenowadays.（天呢！科技真是日新月异啊。如今很多人家里都有电脑了。）Iknow.Ifeelsobehindthetime.（是啊。感觉自己已经落伍了。IgetthefeelingthatSallyIgetthefeelingthatSallyneverlistenstome.（觉得Sally从不 Yousaidit.It’sasifshewerealwaysusingtimetorehearsewhatshewillsaynext.（同DoesProf.Fordalwayscometoclass?（Ford教授总是到班上来吗Isicecold?（冰是冷的吗？言外之意：冰当然是冷的，Yeshedoesalwayscometoclass.）Ialwayswantalittlesomethingtoeataboutthistimeofday.（每天的这个时候， So .Let'shaveasnacknowandthenhavealightlunchlater.（ Well​Well​Well​Me,​​I’ll​AndIwhyGoSureItsureNoSoNoCountmeThereyouByallWouldIYoumightThat’sforAsfarasITosaytheGreatThat’showINow,that’sanWell,that’stheIsicecold?=DoesabirdNo/Little/SmallIcouldn’tagreeItcouldn’t Doesn’t(/Isn’t)itYoucansaythatDoesn’t(/Isn’t)it,Won’tI!=Don’tI!=Aren’tIcan’thelpthinkingtheThat’sjustwhatIwasGoodjob.=Nicework.=NiceI’mofexactlythesameopinionasIagreeentirely/ y/withyourIIamenthusiasticaboutwhatyoujust Whydidn’tWhydidn’tyougotohockeyfinalslastweekendYoumissedagreatgame.（为什么Oh,comeon.YouknowhowsensitiveIamtoloudnoise.（别拿开涮了。你知道 Willyoubelivinginthedormthisyear?（你今年还住宿舍吗′NotifIcanhelpit.I’vebeenthinkingofrentinganapartmentoffcampuswithsomefriendsofmine.（才不呢。正想跟朋友到校外合租呢！）Ihearyouarethinkingaboutmovingbackintothedormnextsemester.（ Whotoldyouthat?I’dnevergiveupmyapartment.（谁说的？从未放弃过宿舍。IthoughtPamsaidthemathtestwasn'tuntilMonday.（原以为Pam说周一考数学。Ellen,youshouldknowbetterthantotakePam'swordsforanything.（Ellen,你不应该拿Pam的话当真。）.Don’tbetooDon’tlookatDon’tcountonGivemeaIdon’tthinkOhno,youIdon’tseeDon’tbetonProbablySoyouIdoubtCutitNotSaysComeforgetNoNotNotifIcanhelpIcouldn’tagreeStopwhatyou .Whosaysso?=WhosaysNotinamillionyears.Iwouldn’tifIwereIreallymusttakeissuewithyouIdon’tagreewithwhatyoujustAreyoukidding?=AreyouIdon’tthinkthatisagoodI’mnotreallysureaboutYoucan’tbeYoucan’tmeanIwon’tallowIwouldn’tsayYoumustbekidding.=YougottabekiddingStayawayfromme.Idon’tknowwhatI’vegot.Butwhateveritis,youdon’twanttocatchit.（离远点。不知道得了啥病。可不管是啥，你都不想被传染吧。）Yeah,IknowEver Hey!（What’sup?（你好吗What’snew?（怎么样What’sthelatest?（最近怎么样？）Howareyou ng?（你好吗？）Howiseverything?（一切 How’sitgoing?（Howarethingswithyou?（吗还还I’montopoftheworld.（好极了。I’mfullofjoyofspring.（非常快乐。Can’t Stillalive,Couldn’t Notmuch.（一般。What’sIamverywellindeed,thank IIsurewishIhadametricrulerwithme.Ineedthemeasurementsinmillimeters,notinhesandI’mtiredofconverting.（希望能带着一把公制的尺子。要用毫米量，不是Woulditmakethingsgofasterifyouborrowedmine?（如果你用 Wouldyouhavesometimetogooverthesequestionswithme?（有空儿跟 Howdoestomorrowsound?（Howaboutthewholeweek?（Fancyhavingaparty Whydon’twetakeataxi Wemightaswellwalk Doyouthinkitwouldbeanideatosellthe Whynot tnow?（为什么不现在做？）Would4o’clockbe Let’sgowatchthefireworkstonight.（IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’teventhinkofit.（如果是你，连想也不想。Woulditmakethingsgofasterifyouborrowedmine?（会不会快一些Maybeyoujustneedtorestitforafewdays.（或许只要休息几天就好了。Howdoestomorrowsound?（明天怎么样Let’sgotothe Let’sgo shall Whatyingtennis, Howaboutstaying Ilyouwhat:we’llgo （跟你说：May/MightIsuggestthatyouupdateyourWouldyoucaretojoinus, Haveyouconsideredsettingupyourthen?（Isuggest/proposethatyousendhiminsteadofmakingaphone （ 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