2017年高二英语人教版选修8教案：Unit2CloningPeriod3 Word版含解析

Unit2CloningPeriod3Grammar—RevisetheAppositive（Words，PhrasesandClauses）整体设计教学内容分析Thisteachingperiodmainlydealswiththegrammaritem：theappositive.Anappositiveisawordoragroupofwordsthatidentifiesorrenamesanotherwordinasentence.Appositiveconstructionsofferconcisewaysofdescribingordefiningaperson，aplace，orathing.InEnglish，anoun，anounphrase，apronoun，aprepositionphraseorasentencecanallserveastheappositive.Thesentencethatservesastheappositiveisnamedtheappositiveclause.Itformsonekindofthecompoundsentences，whichareveryimportantinseniorhighschool.Soitisofsignificanceforstudentstolearntheappositiveclausewell.三维目标设计Knowledgeandskills1．Togetthestudentstoknowthestructureoftheappositiveclause.2．Toletthestudentslearntheusagesoftheappositiveclause.3．Toenablethestudentstousetheappositiveclausecorrectlyandproperly.Processandmethods1．Toaskthestudentstoreadthereadingpassageagain，pickouttheappositiveclausesfromthereadingpassageandtranslatethemintoChinese.2．Toaskthestudentstodiscoverthestructureandusagesoftheappositiveclausebycomparingalotofexamplesentences.3．ToaskthestudentstodotheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage14tomastertheappositiveclause.4．Toaskthestudentstosummarizetheappositiveclause.5．ToaskthestudentstodotheexercisesinUsingStructuresonPage56andsomeotheradditionalexercisesforconsolidation.Emotion，attitudeandvalue1．Togetthestudentstobecomeinterestedingrammarlearning.2．Todevelopthestudents'abilityofcomparingandsummarizing.教学重点、难点1．Togetthestudentstomasterthestructureandusagesoftheappositiveclause.2．Toenablethestudentstolearnhowtousetheappositiveclause.教学过程Step1Revision1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.2．Dictatesomenewwordsandexpressions.Step2Lead­in下面句子中的画线部分在句中作什么成分？1．Tom，our_monitor，isahandsomeboy.2．Imyselfwilldotheexperiment.3．Sheistheoldestamongthemsix.4．Hetoldmethenewsthat_the_plane_had_exploded.上面句子中的画线部分在句中作同位语。同位语是句子成分的一种，它位于名词、代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况，它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。Step3GrammarlearningWhatkindofclausesarethey？1．Thehopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.2．Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.3．Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.它们都是同位语从句。在前一单元我们学习了名词性从句，其中我们已经接触到了同位语从句。接下来我们就详细学习同位语从句（theAppositiveClause）。1．同位语从句的定义在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种，在句中起同位语的作用，一般放在fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief，thought，doubt，promise，question等名词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词that，whether；连接代词who；连接副词how，when，where等。例如：Theywereallverymuchworriedoverthefactthat_you_were_sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。Thequestionwho_should_do_the_workrequiresconsideration.谁该做这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。Wehaven'tyetsettledthequestionwhere_we_are_going_to_spend_our_summer_vacation.我们还没有决定到什么地方去度暑假。◆注意：同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开。如：Thestorygoesthat_William_Tell_killed_the_king_with_an_arrow.Wordcamethat_their_team_had_won.2．同位语从句的表现形式（1）由that引导。如：Thefactthat_you_haven't_enough_time_to_do_the_workissimplyunbelievable.Thehopethat_he_may_come_hereisnotgoneyet.Thenewsthat_he_has_been_elected_president_of_the_United_Statesistrue.Thetruththat_heavy_objects_and_light_objects_fall_at_the_same_speedisknowntoall.Theproblemthat_she_later_developed_a_serious_lung_diseasebotheredscientists.（2）由whether引导。如：Thequestionwhether_we_need_more_time_to_do_the_workhasnotbeendiscussed.（3）由when引导。如：Ihavenoideawhen_they_will_go.3．同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆，我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们：（1）同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词；定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象名词，也有具体名词。如：Weexpressthehopethat_they_will_come_to_visit_China_again.（同位语从句）Thosewho_want_to_gopleasesignyournameshere.（定语从句）（2）同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系，定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。如：Thenewsthat_they_won_the_match_is_true.（同位语从句，news和从句没有逻辑关系）Thenewsthat_you_told_us_yesterdayistrue.（定语从句，news是told的逻辑宾语）Theorderwhen_we_should_go_backhasn'treachedus.（同位语从句，order和从句没有逻辑关系）Thedaywhen_New_China_was_foundedwillneverbeforgotten.（定语从句，day是founded的逻辑状语）（3）引导同位语从句的连词that不可省略；引导定语从句的关系代词that作宾语时常可省略。如：Thenewsthat_he_has_been_elected_monitor_of_our_classistrue.（同位语从句）Thenews（that）hetoldmeisexciting.（定语从句）（4）同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个完整的句子，谓语动词用be的不同形式。如：Heheardthenewsthat_their_team_had_won.（同位语从句）（＝Thenewswasthattheirteamhadwon.）由此我们可以得出同位语从句的简易判断方法：在名词和从句之间加be，使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句（定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的）。再如：Thebeliefthat_the_earth_is_flatisstillheldinsomecountries.（同位语从句）Thebeliefisthattheearthisflat.Step4Task­basedlearning1．把下面两个句子连成一个含同位语从句的复合句（1）TwofifthsofallgirlsinAmericaareonadiet.Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.（2）TheQueenofEnglandwasonafour­dayvisitinChina.Weheardthenewslastnight.（3）Timetravelispossible.Wehavenoscientificprooffortheidea.（4）Teenagersshouldn'tspendtoomuchtimeontheInternet.ManyChineseparentsholdtheview.（5）Studentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime.Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople.Suggestedanswers：（1）ThefactthattwofifthsofallgirlsinAmericaareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.（2）WeheardthenewslastnightthattheQueenofEnglandwasonafour­dayvisitinChina.（3）Wehavenoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelispossible.（4）ManyChineseparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldn'tspendtoomuchtimeontheInternet.（5）Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople.2．完成句子（1）Thenewsthat____________________（我们队赢了）istrue.（2）Ihadnoideathat____________________（你在这里）．（3）Thebeliefthat____________________（条条大路通罗马）issharedbymanypeople.Suggestedanswers：（1）ourteamhaswon（2）youwerehere（3）allroadsleadtoRome3．翻译句子，并说明画线部分在句子中的成分（1）Wedon'tthinkyou_two_have_met_before.（2）Itiscertainthat_John_will_do_well_in_his_exam.（3）Whether_they_are_coming_or_notdoesn'tmattertoomuch.（4）Thefactthat_they_won_the_prizemadeushappy.（5）Nowiswhen_we_need_him_most.（6）Ihavenoideahow_she_got_through_the_forest.Suggestedanswers：（1）我们想你们两位以前没有见过面。（宾语）（2）约翰肯定会考好。（主语）（3）他们来不来无关紧要。（主语）（4）他们获奖的事实令我们高兴。（同位语）（5）现在是我们最需要他的时候。（表语）（6）我不知道她是如何穿过那片森林的。（同位语）Step5Grammarpractice1．用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空（1）Ican'tdecide______bookIshouldbuy.（2）Chinaisnolonger______itusedtobe.（3）Iamveryinterestedin______heimprovedhisEnglishinsuchashorttime.（4）______weneedismoremoney.（5）Thetruth______theearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntous.Suggestedanswers：（1）which（2）what（3）how（4）What（5）that2．选择填空（1）That'stheonlything______hecandonow.A．whichB．allC．thatD．what（2）Informationhasbeenputforward______moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A．whileB．thatC．whenD．as（3）There'safeelinginme______we'llneverknowwhataUFOis—notever.A．thatB．whichC．ofwhichD．what（4）Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars______roadconditionsneed______.A．that；tobeimprovedB．which；tobeimprovedC．where；tobeimprovedD．when；improving（5）Alongwiththeletterwashispromise______hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A．whichB．thatC．whatD．whether（6）Thereason______hehastogohomeatonceis______hismotherisillinbed.A．why；whyB．why；becauseC．why；thatD．that；because（7）Theyreceivedorders______theworkbedonerightaway.A．whichB．thatC．/D．when（8）Youcantaketheseat______isfree.A．whenB．thatC．whereD．inwhich（9）Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome______Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar­awayvillage.A．untilB．thatC．whenD．where（10）He'sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation______hewaslikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A．whereB．whichC．whatD．whySuggestedanswers：（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）A（5）B（6）C（7）B（8）B（9）C（10）AStep6Homework1．Revisetheappositiveclause.2．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.Step7Reflectionafterteaching________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________教学资料高考英语同位语从句考点分析在复合句中，充当同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）之一，也是高中英语学习中的重点语法知识点之一。在高考英语试题中，涉及同位语从句的考查点主要有以下五个方面：一、同位语从句在句中的位置1．一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等）的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。如：Thenewsthat_our_women_volleyball_team_had_won_the_championshipencouragedusallgreatly.我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。I'vecomefromMr.Wangwithamessagethat_he_won't_be_able_to_see_you_this_afternoon.我从王先生那边带来一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。2．有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，这在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。例如：Thethoughtcametoherthat_maybe_she_had_left_the_door_open_when_she_left_home.她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。Thestorygoesthat_he_failed_in_the_College_Entrance_Examinations_again.据说他高考又落榜了。二、同位语从句前名词的数同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词（word除外）加以修饰。例如：Wheredidyougetthe_ideathatIcouldnotcome?你在哪儿听说我不能来的？Givemeyour_promisethatyouwillcometoourpartythisevening.答应我，你今天晚上要来参加我们的晚会。三、同位语从句连接词的选用在英语中，引导同位语从句的词通常有连词（that，whether），连接代词（who，whose，which，what以及wh­＋ever），连接副词（how，when，wherewhy以及wh­＋ever）等。如：Therewaslittlehopethathewouldsurvive.他幸存的希望很小。Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkstillneedstalkingabout.谁该干这项工作，这个问题仍然需要讨论。Sheraisedthequestionwherewecouldgetthefund.她提出这个问题：我们到哪儿去搞这笔资金。Wehaven'tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.我们还没有决定到什么地方去度暑假。在上述同位语从句的引导词中，that的适用范围最广，在advice，announcement，argument，belief，claim，conclusion，decision，evidence，explanation，fact，feeling，hope，idea，impression，information，knowledge，message，news，opinion，order，probability，promise，proposal，remark，reply，report，saying，statement，suggestion，thought，treat，warning，wish，word等名词后常常接that引导的同位语从句。例如：Theywereallverymuchworriedoverthefactthatyouweresick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。Wecametothedecisionthatwemustactatonce.我们做出决定：我们必须立即行动。Hemadeaproposalthatthemeetingbepostponed.他提议会议延期。名词doubt（怀疑）后的同位语从句用whether连接；nodoubt（不怀疑）之后的同位语从句用that连接。例如：Wehavesomedoubtwhethertheycancompletethetaskontime.我们怀疑他们是否能准时完成任务。ThereisnodoubtthatZhangWeiwillkeephispromise.我们相信张卫会守信的。whether，what，how可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。如：Hehasn'tmadethedecisionwhetherhewillgothere.他还没有做出决定是否去那里。Ihavesmalldoubtwhetherheissuitableforthejob.他是否适合这件工作我有点怀疑。Ihavenoideawhatheisdoingnow.我不知道他现在在干什么。It'saquestionhowhedidit.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。四、同位语从句的语气在suggestion，advice，request，order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should＋动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。例如：Ourteachergaveussomeadvicehowwe（should）usethecomputer.老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。Thesuggestioncamefromthechairmanthatthenewrule（should）beadopted.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出来的。Thegovernmentgavetheorderthatallthesehouses（should）bepulleddowninthreeweeks.政府下令三个星期内所有这些房子都要拆掉。五、同位语从句与定语从句的用法区别1．同位语从句和先行词是同等的关系；而定语从句是用来修饰先行词的，是从属的关系。2．that在同位语从句中没有词义，不充当句子成分；而在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等句子成分。3．whether，what，how可以用来引导同位语从句；而它们不能用来引导定语从句。4．从词义角度看，who，whom，which，when，where，why用来引导同位语从句时保持原来疑问词的含义；它们用来引导定语从句时