被动语态用法详解第二课时new市公开课一等奖百校联赛优质课金奖名师赛课获奖课件

被动语态使用方法详解1/43(二)被动语态时态、人称和数改变

主要表达在be改变上，其形式与系动词be改变形式完全一样。以give为例，列表以下：普通现在时： 普通过去时： 普通未来时： 普通过去未来时： 现在进行时： 过去进行时： 现在完成时：

情态动词

am/is/are+givenwas/were+given

shall/will+begiven

should/would+begiven

am/is/are+being+given

was/were+being+given

have/has+been+given

must/can/could/may+be+given2/43Hewashesclothesevery

day.主谓宾(受动者)Clothesarewashedbyhim

every

day.变为被动语态3/43Oralpractice-主动句改被动句

1.Changeeachsentenceintopassivevoice:Acar

knockedhimdownyesterday.Thesetwokidsplanttreeseveryyear．3)Weshouldprotecttheearth．4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday．Treesareplantedbythesetwokidseveryyear.Theearthshouldbe

protectedbyus.TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday.4/431.Hecleansthemeeting-roomeveryday.

Themeetingroomiscleanedeveryday.2.Theysoldthatkindofshoesinthisshoplastweek.Thatkindofshoeswassoldinthisshoplastweek.3.Theywillfinishalltheworkinaweek.Alltheworkwillbefinishedinaweek.4.Theyhavebuiltthreenewstationsinthecitysofar.Threenewstationshavebeenbuiltinthecitysofar.5.Youshouldfollowyourparents’advice.Yourparents’adviceshouldbefollowed.单宾语必定句：5/436.Hedoesn'tshowthestampstome. Thestampsaren’tshowntome.7.Peopledon'tgrowriceinthewestofJapan.Riceisn’tgrowninthewestofJapan.8.Hedidn'tbuyanythingtherebeforeheleft.Nothingwasboughttherebeforeheleft.9.Theycan'tmendthebikeinthatshop.Thebikecan’tbemendedinthatshop.10.Theyhaven’tfoundthelostcat.Thelostcathasn’tbeenfound.否定句：6/4311.DoesKatesometimesbreakglasses? AreglassessometimesbrokenbyKate?12.DoyoualwayssendalettertoMrHu? IsaletteralwayssenttoMrHu?13Canyoumendthisradiohere? Canthisradiobemendedhere?14.Whatdoestheteacheroftentelltheboystodo?Whataretheboysoftentoldtodobytheteacher?15.Howmanydeskshavetheyboughtthisterm?Howmanydeskshavebeenboughtthisterm？疑问句：7/43Payattentiontothechanges．１带复合宾语(宾补）被动语态结构．make/let/

havesee/hear/watch/noticesb.dosth.

sb.

be

made/let/had

be

seen/heard/watched/noticed

todo

sth.

如动词为make,see,hear,watch,let,notice,have等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to”。如：

Isawhimfalloffthetree.→Hewasseento

falloffthetree.8/4325.Thebossmadetheworkersworkallday.Theworkersweremadetoworkallday

26.Wesawtheboysenterthehouse.Theboyswereseentoenterthehouse.宾语补足语为不带to不定式：9/43(2)seesb.doingsth.sb.beseendoingsth.Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.see/hear/watch/notice….10/43Payattentiontothechanges．2带双宾语被动语态结构．BobsentKate

aletterlastyear.=Kate

wassent

aletter

byBoblastyear.=Aletter

wassent

toKate

byBoblastyear.ShetoldJim

astory.tell/ask/bring/write/give/send/show/teach/passsb.sthsth.betold/asked/brought/given/sent/shown/taught/passedtosb.=Jim

wastold

astorybyher.=Astory

wastold

toJim

byher.11/43Mummademeanewdress.Iwasmade

anewdressbyMum.Anewdress

wasmade

for

mebyMum.make/buy/draw/singbemade/bought/drawn/sangsth.forsb.12/4321.Iboughtmydaughter

anewwatch.Anewwatchwasboughtformydaughter.Mydaughterwasboughtanewwatch.22.FatherwillmakemeakitethisSunday.AkitewillbemadeformebyfatherthisSunday.IwillbemadeakitebyfatherthisSunday.23.Ihaveshownthemthephotos.Thephotoshavebeenshowntothem.Theyhavebeenshownthephotos.

24.TheYouthgavemesomesuggestionsintheletter.Somesuggestionsweregiventomebytheyouthworkerintheletter.Iwasgivensomesuggestonsbytheyouthworkerintheletter.双宾语：13/43Weshouldtakecareoftheoldpeople.Theoldpeopleshouldbetakencareof.3.被动语态中，要保持短语动词完整性，动词后介词或副词切不可遗漏14/4316.Youshouldlistentotheteachercarefully.Theteachershouldbelistenedtocarefully.17.MayIlookafterthebabyathome?Maythebabybelookedafterathome?

18.Havetheyhandedintheirexercise-books?Havetheirexercise-booksbeenhandedin?19.Wewilltakegoodcareofherbaby.Herbabywillbetakengoodcareofbyus.20.Youhadbetterthrowtherubbishintothedustbin.

Therubbishhadbetterbethrownintothedustbin.谓语动词为介词短语：15/43以下情况主动句不能改为被动句：

第一，感官系动词普通用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look,seem,taste,sound,等。

(1)—Doyoulikethematerial?—Yes,itfeelsverysoft.误：Itisfeltverysoft.(2)Thefoodtastesdelicious.误：Thefoodistasteddelicious.(3)Thepopmusicsoundsbeautiful.

误：Thepopmusicissoundedbeautiful.16/43第二，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：takeplace,comeout,belongto,breakdown,cometrue等。如：Thefirebrokeoutinthecapitalbuilding.

误：Thefirewasbrokeoutinthecapitalbuilding.第三，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise,happen,succeed,等。

Whenwegottothetopofthemountain,thesunhadalreadyrisen.误：Thesunhadalreadybeenrisen.

17/43第四.有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well,badly,easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook,wear等。如：

(1)Theclothwasheseasily.这布很好洗。(2)Thenewproductsellswell.这新产品很畅销。

对比：Thebookssellwell.(主动句)

Thebooksweresoldout.(被动句)Themeatdidn’tcookwell.(主动句)

Themeatwascookedforalongtime.(被动句)18/431.不定式在一些形容词后作状语,且和句子主语(或宾语)组成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,safe,…Thefishisnotfit_______(eat)．WefindEnglishishard_______(learn)．Thearticleisdifficult___________(understand).toeattolearntounderstand19/432.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰名词组成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)组成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。Ihavealotofhomework______(do)．I’llgivehimsomebooks______(read)．todotoread20/43表示状态特征连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。3表示“开始、结束、运动”动词用主动式表被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,...)Theshopopensat6am.everyday．21/43表示主语属性特征动词+副词well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义4.作“需要”讲need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式被动式作宾语。Yourjacketneedswashing/tobewashed．22/435.以who为主语开头疑问句，变被动时，用bywhom放在句首：

Whowrotethestory?误：Whowasthestorywritten?

正：Bywhomwasthestorywritten?

Who(Whom)wasthestorywrittenby?23/436.在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中普通可用被动结构来表示，比如：

听说……

Itissaidthat…

据报导……

Itisreportedthat…

据推测……

Itissupposedthat…众所周知……

Itiswellknownthat…有些人提议……

Itissuggestedthat…

1)Itisreportedthatitisgoingtoraintomorrow.2)ItiswellknownthatThomasEdisoninventedtheelectriclamp.24/43Thebooks____well．

A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedBCExercises25/43Quiz1

Quiz11.Thesteel_____cold．

A.isfeltB.wasfeelingC.feelsD.isbeingfelt2.Hisplan_____good．

A.hassoundedB.issoundingC.issoundedD.soundsCD26/43Quiz2Quiz2Theshop_____at6am.everyday．

A.opensB.openedC.isopenedD.isopeningWork_____at7pm.today．

A.endsB.endedC.wasendedD.hadendedAB27/43Thepen______smoothly．

A.waswroteB.writesC.haswritingD.iswrittenThiscoat_____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedQuiz3BC28/43Yourjacketneeds________(wash)．Thehouserequires_______(repair)．Quiz4washingrepairing29/43Thefishisnotfit_______(eat)．WefindEnglishdifficult_________(learn)．Quiz5toeattolearn30/43Ihavemuchhomework_____(do)．I’llgivetheboysomebooks_______(read)．Quiz6todotoread31/43Correctingmistake2.Correctthemistake(s)ineachsentenceifany:1)Twoboyshurtwhileplayingaball．2)Howlongdoyouthinkthemeetingwillbelasted?willlastwerehurt32/434)Acarwasbrokendownlastnight．5)Thelargebuildingthatisnowbuiltwillbeahospital．isnowbeingbuiltbrokedown33/436)Classisbegunat7:30everyday．7)Hisplanissoundedgood．8)Yourcoatneedsbeingwashed．beginssoundstobewashed/washing34/439．Theteachercouldn’tmakehim____attentiontobecausethestudentsweresonoisy.paypaidtopaytobepaidB35/43Fillintheblanks.Shopkeeper:Goodmorning.WhatcanIdoforyou?Millie:Goodmorning.I’dliketobuyacomputer.Shopkeeper:We’vegotmanykindsofpersonalcomputers.Thisgreenone__________(call)KiWi,andit___________(design)especiallyforstudents.Millie:Where___________it___________(make)?Shopkeeper:It____________(make)inShenzhen.Millie:________it________(use)widely.Shopkeeper:Ofcourse,verywidelyinBeijing.Millie:Ok.I’llthinkaboutit.iscalledisdesignedismadeismadeIsused36/43Millie:Hi,Simon.Ican’topenmynewe-dictionaryOnmycomputer.Canyouhelpme?Simon:Yes,ofcourse.Didyoucloseallthewindows?Millie:Yes,allthewindows___________________.Simon:Thenrestartthecomputer.Millie:It____________________.Simon:Didyoucheckthesettings?Millie:Yes,thesettings_______________________.Simon:Didyouconnectthekeyboardtothecomputerproperly?Millie:Yes,thekeyboard______________________.Simon:Didyoudouble-clickonthe“auto-run”iconafteryouputintheCD-ROM?wereclosedwasrestartedwerecheckedwasconnectedtothecomputerproperly37/43Millie:Yes.Theicon_______________,butitstillisn’tworking.Simon:That’sreallystrange.Letmecomeandhavealooklatertoday.Millie:Thanksalot,Simon.Simon:You’rewelcome.wasdouble-clickedon38/43PrincessLaurawasgivenamagicwand,butitonlyworksPrincessLaurawascaughtbyanevilwitch.Theprincess'shairwascutshortbytheevilwitch.39/43Whenaquestionisansweredcorrectly,Whenaquestionisansweredinco