新教材高中外研版英语选择性必修4学案Unit3SectionⅡUsinglanguage

SectionⅡUsinglanguageⅠ.重点词汇1．________n.学者；奖学金获得者2．________n.(大学的)系，部3．________n.学院；研究院Ⅱ.重点句型孔子学院是由中国教育部管理的一个非营利性教育机构，旨在向国外推广中国语言和文化，促进文化上的交流。TheConfuciusInstituteisanon­profiteducationalorganisation________________________________，aimingtopromoteChineselanguageandcultureabroadandtoencourageculturalexchange.►第一版块|重点词汇诠释1．accountn.[C]账户；账目；报道；叙述；说明v．解释onaccountof由于；因为onnoaccount决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)takesth.intoaccount＝takeaccountofsth.考虑到某事；把某事考虑进去beoflittle/noaccount(tosb.)对(某人)无足轻重/不重要accountfor解释；是……的原因；占(一定数量或比例)accountantn.会计❶Mysalaryispaidintomybankaccount.我的工资直接存入我的银行账户。❷...thisbookalsogivesanaccountofthelivesoflesser­knownindividualsincludingtheexplorerMungoParkandsculptorGutzonBorglum.……这本书也介绍了像探险家蒙戈·帕克和雕塑家格曾·鲍格勒姆等鲜为人知的人物的生平。❸Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccountshouldtheyusemobilephonesinhisclass.教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上绝对不能使用。❹Whenjudginghisperformance,don'ttakehisageintoaccount.评定他的表现时，不要考虑他的年龄。❺Didyouchoosethispanyonaccountofhighpay?你是因为薪水高才选择这家公司的吗？❻Thepoorweathermayhaveaccountedforthesmallcrowd.天气不好可能是人来得少的原因。❼Weshouldpaymoreattentiontothepooranddisadvantagedgroupsbecausetheyaccountforthemajorityofsociety.我们要更多地关注贫困人口和弱势群体，因为他们在社会中占大多数。❽TodayIamworkingasanaccountantatValleyMedicalCenterinCalifornia.现在我在加州的山谷医疗中心做会计。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Theheavyrainmayhaveaccounted________thelandslidelastnight.②Thedoctorwilltakeyourweight________accountandthengivesomesuggestions.③________accountofhisknowledgeofthemountainouscountry,JohnSmithwasappointedasourguide.④________(take)accountofthepossibilityofstormyweather,wedecidedtospringforacabininsteadofsettingupatent.⑤Shegavethepoliceafullaccount________theincident.⑥Exportsplayanimportantroleintheirpany,________(account)for70%oftheirtrade.2．promotevt.促进，推动；促销；推销；提升，晋升；将(运动队)晋级promotesth.assth.把某物推广为某物promotionn.提升；晋升；促销；促进；提倡，倡导promotionaladj.推销的；广告宣传的；推广的❶Thepurposeofthecampaignistopromoteourawarenessofenvironmentalissues.这项运动的目的是提高我们的环保意识。❷Thebandhasgoneontourtopromotetheirnewalbum.这个乐队已开始巡回宣传他们的新唱片。❸Hewaspromotedtoeditorandtheneditorialdirector.他晋升为编辑，之后又晋升为编辑部主任。❹Theareaisbeingpromotedasatouristdestination.这个地区正被推广为旅游点。❺Actually,somediscountonyourpricewouldmakeiteasierforustopromotesales,youknow.您知道的，事实上，在您的价格基础上打一些折扣，我们会更容易促销。❻PeoplevalueEQmuchmorethanbefore，believingitisEQthatgetsuspromoted.人们比以往更重视情商了，相信正是情商才使我们得以升职。❼Bangwentmyhopesofpromotion.我晋升的希望破灭了。❽GPshaveavitalroletoplayinhealthpromotion.普通医师对促进健康起着极其重要的作用。❾Theschoolmadeashortpromotionalvideo.学校录制了一个宣传短片。eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))Therefore,noadvertisingorpromotionalmaterialshallbeincludedintheprintedbook.因此，印刷书籍中不应插入广告或推销材料。[即学即练]用promote的正确形式填空①—Isthereanychanceofmy________？—Ifyouwanta________，you'dbetterplaythegameratherthangetyourway.②Ourvillageismakingeffortstotransformitsdevelopmentpattern________greengrowth.③TheBeltandRoadForum,whichabout1,000expertshaveattended,focusesonthegoalof________mondevelopmentandprosperity.④Thefamoussingerhasshotsome________photosrecently.⑤—JohnhasresignedfromhisposttoseekhisfortuneinShanghai.—Howe?Hegot________lastmonth!►第二版块|重点句型解构(教材P31)TheConfuciusInstituteisanon­profiteducationalorganisationrunbytheChineseMinistryofEducation,aimingtopromoteChineselanguageandcultureabroadandtoencourageculturalexchange.孔子学院是由中国教育部管理的一个非营利性教育机构，旨在向国外推广中国语言和文化，促进文化上的交流。[句式分析]过去分词(短语)作后置定语过去分词(短语)用作定语时，与被修饰词之间为逻辑上的被动关系，表示一个被动或完成的动作。❶BeijingRoastDuck,regardedasoneofthebestwaystoeatthedeliciousduck,hasearnedareputationbothathomeandabroad.北京烤鸭被认为是品尝美味鸭肉的最好的方式之一，享誉国内外。❷Syntheticbiology,intendedtodesignandconstructnewbiologicalparts,devicesandsystems,ischangingmanyaspectsofourlife.以设计和构建新的生物部位、仪器和系统为宗旨的合成生物学正在改变我们生活的许多方面。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Afterpletingandsigningit,pleasereturntheformtousintheenvelope________(provide)．②Themomentsheenteredtheroom,thegirlcaughtsightofthegift________(buy)byherfather.③Clothing________(design)forpre­school­agechildrenoftenfollowsthefashionforadults.④Thedisabledguywasattendedthroughouthisschooldaybyanurse________(appoint)toguardhim.DiscoveringUsefulStructuresGrammar——状语从句[新知导引]诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性1．Hewasninewhenhisfatherdied.2．SheleftbeforeIcouldhaveawordwithher.3．Itisfivedayssincehecamehere.4．Hewaiteduntilshehadfinishedspeaking.5．Staywhereyouare.6．Whereverthereisawill,thereisaway.7．Becausehehadbeeninprison,employerswereunwillingtoofferhimajob.8．Asshe'sbeenill,perhapsshe'llneedsomehelp.9．Thefirsttimewemet,wewereataparty.10．Seeing(that)herefusedtohelpus,there'snoreasonwhyweshouldnowhelphim.11．Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatIcanhavetimeforacupoftea.12．Heissocuteaboythateveryonelikeshim.13．Giventhatsheisinterestedinchildren,Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforher.14．I'dliketoarrive20minutesearlysothatIcanhavetimeforacupoftea.15．Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogoforapicnic.16．Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.17．Tryasshemight,Suecouldn'tgetthecarstarted.18．Ifyouehere,Iwillleave.19．Whateverreasonhecameupwith,hiswordscan'tbetrusted.[共性呈现]1．画线部分均为状语从句。2．句1、2、3、4、9均为时间状语从句。3．句5、6均为地点状语从句。4．句7、8、10、13均为原因状语从句。5．句12、15均为结果状语从句。6．句14均为目的状语从句。7．句16、18均为条件状语从句。8．句17、19均为让步状语从句。[语法精释]复习状语从句功能：状语从句起副词作用，用来修饰句中谓语动词、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。引导词：一般由从属连词引导，也可由连词词组引导。位于句首或句中时常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号。类别：根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式、目的和比较等从句。1．时间状语从句(1)when,while和aswhen从句谓语动词为延续性或非延续性动词，主从句动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生while从句谓语动词为延续性动词，强调主从句动作同时发生as从句谓语动词一般为延续性动词。主从句动作同时发生或交替进行，意为“一边……，一边……；随着……”Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.我们到达时，天正在下雨。WhileIwaswatchingTV,thebellrang.我在看电视时，铃响了。Asshegrewolder,shegainedinconfidence.随着年龄的增长，她的自信心增强了。【误区警示】when作并列连词，意为“这时”，相当于andatthis/thattime，用于以下句式：beabouttodosth.when...正要做某事，这时……beonthepointofdoingsth.when...正要做某事，这时……bedoingsth.when...正在做某事，这时……haddonesth.when...刚做完某事，这时……Iwasgoingupstairstotakemyumbrellawhensuddenlythehouseoppositetomyhousecollapsed.我正要上楼拿伞，这时我家对面的那所房子倒塌了。(2)表示“一……就……”的连词①assoonas，themoment，theminute，theinstant，immediately，directlyThemomentshesawhim,sheblushedandhurriedlylefttheroom.她一看见他，脸就红了，并慌忙地离开了房间。②hardly/barely/scarcely...when...,nosooner...than...，主句用过去完成时，when或than所在从句用一般过去时。Thevoteshadscarcelybeencounted,whenthetelephonerang.选票一统计好，就响了。(3)before和sinceItmaybemanyyearsbeforethesituationimproves.这种状况或许要过很多年才能得到改善。Howlongisitsincewelastwenttothetheatre?我们多久没去看戏了？beforeItwillbe/was＋一段时间＋before...过了多长时间才……Itwon'tbe/wasn't＋一段时间＋before...没过多长时间就……sinceItis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since从句，(常用一般过去时)自从……以来已经多长时间了。(4)until/tillShedidn'tstartthelessonuntilthestudentssettleddown.等学生们安静下来之后，她才开始上课。【误区警示】until/till用于肯定句，表示“直到……为止”，主句谓语动词应用延续性动词；not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在主句谓语动词为非延续性动词，until可置于句首。(5)everytime，eachtime，nexttime，thefirsttime，bythetime引导时间状语从句Bythetimeyouhavefinishedthetask,theguestswillgetback.当你完成任务时，客人就回来。2．地点状语从句where和whereverWherevershegoes,therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.无论她去哪里，都有成群的人等着见她。3．原因状语从句because，since，as，seeingthat(鉴于，由于)，nowthat，inthat(由于)，consideringthat(考虑到，就……而论)，inasmuchas(既然，由于)，giventhat(鉴于，考虑到)Nowthatbothofmygrandparentshaveretiredfromtheirjobsinthecity,howtheyaregoingtospendtheirretirementisanimportantdecisionforthem.既然我的祖父母都已经从城市的岗位退休了，如何度过他们的退休生活对他们来说是一个重要的决定。Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedaboutbadtables”giventhatthey'reprofitable.结论是餐厅老板不需要“过分担心差的餐位”，因为它们是可获利的。4．条件状语从句if，unless，as/solongas(只要)，providing/providedthat(如果)，supposethat(假如)，incasethat(万一)，onconditionthat(如果)Nothingwillchangeaslongastheworkerscontinuetoaccepttheseappallingconditions.只要工人们继续接受这些恶劣的劳动条件，情况将不会有任何改变。Iwillagreetogoprovidingthatmyexpensesarepaid.如果帮我支付费用，我就同意去。5．让步状语从句though，although，evenif/though，as，while，nomatter＋疑问词，疑问词＋ever，whether...or...(无论……还是……)Evenif/thoughmuseumshavebeggedtoborrowhercollection,shecouldneversplititup.尽管博物馆已恳求过借用她的收藏品，但她永远都不会把收藏品分开。Twopeopleinloveareathomewherevertheyare,nomatterhowoftentheymove.无论在哪里，不管多么经常搬家，两个相爱的人都会过得舒舒服服。【误区警示】as，though引导让步状语从句时采用倒装的两种特殊情况①若是单数名词或形容词最高级作表语，省略冠词。Youngestas/thoughheisinourclass,hespeaksEnglishbest.他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但英语说得最好。②行为动词前置时，从句主语后面要用may，might，can，could，will，would；若没有，需加上do(does或did)。Searchastheywouldhereandthere,theycouldfindnothingintheroom.他们尽管到处寻找，但在房间里找不到任何东西。Changeyourmindas/thoughyoudo,youwillgetnohelpfromus.你即使改变主意，也得不到我们的帮助。6．结果状语从句sothat，so/such...that...(如此……以至于)，totheextentthat(达到某种程度以至于)，tosuchadegreethat(到如此程度以至于)He'dthrowhimselfintosuchastatethatDr.Cravensaidhecouldn'tberesponsibleforforcingher.他让自己陷入这样一种状态，以至于克雷文博士说自己不可能对强迫她负责。Westartedforthepeakearly,sothatwesawthesunrise.我们很早就动身去山顶，结果我们看到了日出。7．方式状语从句as,asif/thoughHehadathickmoustacheandlongwhitehair,whichsometimeswhitehairstoodonendasthoughhehadjustreceivedanelectricshock.他留着浓密的胡子和长长的白发，有时白发挺立，就好像刚遭了电击。【误区警示】asif/though引导方式状语从句与事实相反时，通常用虚拟语气：与现在的情况相反时，用一般过去时；与过去情况相反时，用过去完成时；与将来情况相反时，用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”。8．目的状语从句sothat，inorderthat，lest(唯恐，以免)，incase，forfearthat(唯恐)，totheendthat(为……起见)Ihadmycameraready,incaseIsawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.我把照相机准备好，万一看到什么值得拍的就可以拍下来。Sometimeswearenotsatisfiedwithwhatourfrienddo,butwewillnotpointitoutforfearthatwemightlosethatfriend.有时我们对朋友的所作所为并不满意，但我们不会指出来，唯恐可能失去那个朋友。【对比】目的状语从句中常有can，could，may，might，will，would，should等情态动词。而结果状语从句表示客观事实，谓语动词用陈述语气，从句中常无情态动词。9．比较状语从句as...as...，than，the＋比较级．..，notas/so...as...Apparently,manypeoplebelievethatthelongertimeapersonspendsatwork,themoreheacplishes.很明显，许多人相信一个人工作的时间越长，他(取得)的成就越大。[即学即练]一、选择适当的连词填空1．Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,________(however/whatever)difficultitwas.2．Hewilltryhisbesttosolvetheproblem,________(however/whatever)difficultyhemayeacross.3．________(Wherever/However)shewent,thereweremillionsoffansfollowing.4．________(Whatever/However)strangeshedressedherself,shewouldberecognisedbyherfans.5．________(Whatever/Whichever)herfaultsare,sheshouldbetreatedwithdignity.6．________(Whatever/However)muchtroubleshecaused,sheshouldbetreatedwithdignity.二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词1．Just________asinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph.2．Do________theteacheraskedyouto.三、用适当的连词填空MyclassmateTomstudiedveryhard1.________hewenttoseniorhighschool.Everydayheworkedharder2.________everyoneelsedidinmyclass.Hewouldstayintheclassroom3.________othersleft.Hesaidhewouldn'tstoptrying4.________hegotsatisfyingscoresinhisstudies.Hard5.________hetried,hemadelittleprogress.Buthedidn'tloseheartatall,6.________hebelievedaslongasheinsistedonstudying,hewouldsucceedoneday.7.________timewentby,hemadeimprovementsinhisstudiesandhewasadmittedtoauniversityinBeijingatlast.Wehadaget­together8.________westartedournewlifeinuniversities.Everyonehadgotoffersfromuniversities,sowehadaverygoodtime.Whenwestood9.________weusedtoplayandstudy,wecouldn'thelpthinkingofourhappyolddays.Webelievedwewouldneverforgeteachother,10.________wewouldgoorwhateverwewoulddo.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thoughitis25years________welastmet,Istillrememberthemovingscenewherewebecameseparatedonsuchasnowyday.2．Hard________itis,theChinesegovernmenthasdecidedtoopenupthenewSilkRoad.3．Youwillnevergaingreatsuccess________youarefullydevotedtoyoursustainablestudy.4．________thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthenaturalenvironmenttorecoverthoroughly.5．Iamreallykeenonlisteningtosoftmusic________ithelpsmerelaxedandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.6．________caseyoudodisobey,youwillbetheonetosuffer,notanyoneelse.7．Nomatter________awomantriestodotoimprovehersituation,therearesomebarriersorattitudestokeepherdown.8．WhenthelittleJacksawhisgrandmotheronthemuddyroad,hecriedsadly________thoughhehadbeencriticize