新标准大学英语第二版综合教程2-Unit-5-B篇练习答案及课文翻译名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件

第1页ContentsActiveReading2第2页WarmingUpDoyouhaveahobby?Parkour(sometimesabbreviatedtoPK)isautilitariandisciplinebaseduponthedirect,successful,swifttraversingofone’ssurroundingenvironmentviathepracticalapplicationoftechniques,basedaroundtheconceptofself-preservation.第3页Itisanon-competitive,physicaldisciplineofFrenchorigininwhichparticipantsrunalongaroute,attemptingtonegotiateobstaclesinthemostefficientwaypossible,usingonlytheirbodies.Skillssuchasjumping,climbing,vaulting,rolling,swingingandwallscalingareemployed.Parkourcanbepracticedanywhere,butareasdensewithobstaclesarepreferableanditismostcommonlypracticedinurbanareas.Now,watchthevideoclipandhavesomefurtherknowledgeaboutparkour.Maybe,someday,itwillbecomeyourhobby.Whoknows?WarmingUp第4页Nowhaveadiscussionwithyourpartnersaboutthefollowingsuggestedhobbies.Areyouinterestedinanyofthem?Ordoyoupreferanythingelse?Stateyourreasons.WarmingUpGardeningExplorephotographyMaintainasaltwateraquariumPainting第5页

WarmingUpWritingPlayingpianoPuzzlesKnittingCross-stitchSportsCollectingcoins第6页Nowdoyouwanttostartanewhobby?WarmingUp第7页TextPaintingasapastimeAbouttheauthorOutlineofthetextGotothetext第8页TextWinstonChurchill

温斯顿·丘吉尔（英国保守党政治家，著作家，首相）WinstonChurchill(1874–1965)wasaBritishpoliticianknownchieflyforhisleadershipoftheUnitedKingdomduringtheSecondWorldWar.HeservedasPrimeMinisterfrom1940to1945andagainfrom1951to1955.Churchillwasalsoakeenbricklayer,painterandwriter.Churchillwasalsoakeenbricklayer,painterandwriter.HewastheonlyBritishPrimeMinistertohaveeverwontheNobelPrizeforLiterature(in1953).During1956–1958hecompletedAHistoryoftheEnglishSpeakingPeoples.第9页TextTheroaringlion第10页TextChurchill’spaintings第11页OutlineofthetextTextPaintingasaPastimeThebenefitsofhobbiesTheprocessofdevelopingahobbyChoosingappropriatehobbiesTheproblemofboredomContrastingviewsofworkandpleasure第12页Paintingasapastime1

A

giftedAmericanpsychologisthassaid,“Worryisaspasmoftheemotion;themindcatchesholdofsomethingandwillnotletitgo.”Itisuselesstoarguewiththemindinthiscondition.Thestrongerthewill,themorefutilethetask.One

canonlygentlyinsinuatesomethingelseintoitsconvulsivegrasp.Andifthissomethingelseisrightlychosen,ifitisreallyattendedbytheilluminationofanotherfieldofinterest,gradually,andoftenquiteswiftly,theoldunduegriprelaxesandtheprocessofrecuperationandrepairbegins.Text第13页2

Thecultivationofahobbyandnewformsofinterestisthereforeapolicyoffirstimportancetoapublicman.Butthisisnotabusinessthatcanbeundertakeninadayorswiftlyimprovisedbyamerecommandofthewill.Thegrowthofalternativementalinterestsisalongprocess.Theseedsmustbecarefullychosen;theymustfallongoodground;theymustbesedulouslytended,ifthevivifyingfruitsaretobeathandwhenneeded.Text第14页3

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay:“Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyethardlygetanybenefitorrelief.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiled

todeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Text第15页

Itisnouseofferingthemanuallabourer,tiredoutwithahardweek’ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworryabouttriflingthingsattheweekend.Text第16页4

Asfortheunfortunatepeoplewhocancommandeverythingtheywant,whocangratifyeverycapriceandlaytheirhandsonalmosteveryobjectofdesire–forthemanewpleasure,anewexcitementisonlyanadditional

satiation.Invaintheyrushfranticallyroundfromplacetoplace,tryingtoescapefromavengingboredombymereclatterandmotion.Forthemdisciplineinoneformoranotheristhemosthopefulpath.Text第17页5

Itmaybesaidthatrational,industrious,usefulhumanbeingsaredividedintotwoclasses:first,thosewhoseworkisworkandwhosepleasureispleasure;andsecondly,thosewhoseworkandpleasureareone.Ofthesetheformerarethemajority.Theyhavetheircompensations.Thelonghoursintheofficeorthefactorybringwiththemastheirreward,notonlythemeansofsustenance,butakeenappetiteforpleasureeveninitssimplestandmostmodestforms.Text第18页

ButFortune’sfavouredchildrenbelongtothesecondclass.Theirlifeisanaturalharmony.Forthemtheworkinghoursareneverlongenough.Eachdayisaholiday,andordinaryholidayswhentheycomearegrudgedasenforcedinterruptionsinanabsorbingvocation.Yettobothclassestheneedofanalternativeoutlook,ofachangeofatmosphere,ofadiversionofeffort,isessential.Indeed,itmaywellbethatthosewhoseworkistheirpleasurearethosewhomostneedthemeansofbanishingitatintervalsfromtheirminds.Text■第19页Text绘画消遣（节选）1

一位天才美国心理学家说过：“烦恼是感情发作；此时大脑缠住了某种东西不愿放手。”在这种情况下，和头脑争论（让它放手）是无用。愿望越强烈，与之争论就越是徒劳。你只能温和地将另一个东西慢慢灌输到痉挛状态头脑中。假如（这一东西）选得恰当，而且它真从另一领域情趣中受到启迪话，那么逐步地，往往也是快速地，原先不适当“不愿放手”就会慢慢放松，恢复和补救过程就会开始。第20页Text2

所以，对于公众人物而言，培养业余兴趣和新兴趣才是上策。但这并非一日之功，也不是单凭意志力就能做到事情。精神情趣培养是一个长久过程。要想在需要时候可随手摘取充满生机果实，种子就必须精挑细选，必须播种在肥沃土壤里，还必须辛勤地护理。

第21页Text

3

要想真正高兴，真正安全，一个人最少应有两三种业余兴趣，而且必须是实际可行。到了晚年才开始说：“我会培养对这或对那兴趣”，这是没有用。这种愿望只能加剧精神担心。一个人可能会取得大量与其日常工作无关知识，却不能从中得到任何益处或宽慰。做你喜欢做事是没有用，你要喜欢你做事。泛而言之，人能够分为三类：极其劳累人，极其操心人，极其无聊人。

第22页Text

对于卖了一周力气、流了一周汗水体力劳动者来说，让他们在星期六下午踢足球或打棒球是不适当。一样，对于工作了六天、一直为公务操心政界人士、专业人员或商人来说，在周未再让他们为鸡毛蒜皮琐事而操心劳累也是无益。

第23页Text4

那些能够支配一切、能够肆意妄为、能够染指一切追求目标人是“不幸”。对于他们而言，多一个新乐趣、多一个新刺激只是增加一分厌腻而已。他们处处乱跑，企图靠喧闹和骚动来摆脱无聊对他们报复，但这么做是徒劳。对他们来说，某种形式纪律约束是最有希望让他们走出困境、走上正道。

第24页Text

5

能够这么说，理智，勤劳、有用人能够分为两类：第一类人认为工作是工作，娱乐是娱乐；第二类人认为工作和娱乐是一回事。这两类人当中，第一类人占大多数。他们是能够得到赔偿。在办公室或工厂里长时间工作给他们带来了酬劳，这不但是谋生伎俩，也使他们对寻找高兴充满了渴望，哪怕是最简单、最质朴高兴。

第25页Text

不过，幸运之神偏爱是第二类人。他们生活是一个自然友好。对他们来说，工作时间永远都不够长，每一天都是假日，而当普通节日来到时，他们会感到厌恶，因为这强行打断了他们埋头从事工作。然而对这两种人来说，换换脑子，改变一下气氛，转移一下注意力都是不可缺乏。其实，把工作看成乐趣人，很可能是最需要每隔一段时间就把工作放下，让头脑放松人。

第26页pastime

gifted

spasm

futile

insinuate

grip

recuperation

cultivation

improvise

sedulously

manual

trifling

gratify

caprice

excitement

convulsive

rightly

illumination

swiftly

undue

vivify

aggravate

unconnected

toil

bore

additional

satiation

frantically

avenging

boredom

Words&Phrases第27页clatter

motion

rational

industrious

compensation

outlookdiversionbanishsustenancegrudgeenforcedinterruptionvocationWords&Phrases第28页catchholdof

letsth.go

athand

it’snouse(in)doingsth.

takeaninterestininvain

atintervals

broadlyspeaking

todeath

tireout

asfor

layone’shandsonWords&Phrases第29页pastime

n.[C]sth.thatyoudoregularlyforfuninyourfreetime消遣；娱乐e.g.1.

Readingwashisfavouritepastime.

阅读是他最爱消遣方式。2.EatingoutisthenationalpastimeinFrance.下馆子吃饭是全法国人消遣方式。Words&Phrases第30页gifted

a.

withanimpressivenaturalability有天赋e.g.1.Shewasanextremelygiftedpoet.她是一位很有天赋诗人。2.Don’tsellhershort:She’sverygiftedinsomeareas.别小看她，她有些方面很有天赋。3.Giftedwithasuperbvoice,shebecamethe

Opera’sleadingsoprano.她天生一副好嗓子，成了歌剧团领衔女高音。Synonym:

talented

Words&Phrases第31页spasm

n.1.

[C]

asuddenstrongfeeling,usuallyanunpleasantone（尤指不愉快情感）一阵发作e.g.

1.Aspasmoffearbroughthisthoughtsbacktothepresent.一阵恐惧感觉将他思绪带回到了现在。2.herecameaspasmoflaughterfromtheroom.房间里传来一阵笑声。2.

[C,U]asuddenmovementinwhichoneofyourmusclesbecomestightandpainful

痉挛；抽筋e.g.Maggiefeltamusclespasminherback.玛吉以为背部肌肉一阵抽搐。Words&Phrases第32页Words&Phrasesfutile

a.unsuccessful,oruseless无益；无效；无用；徒劳e.g.

1.Myeffortstogobacktosleepprovedfutile.我努力想再次入睡，不过却纯属徒劳。

2.Itwasfutiletocontinuethenegotiations.

继续谈判下去也是枉然。Synonym:

pointlessWordfamily:futility

n.第33页Words&Phrasesinsinuate

vt.

1.togetintoasituationorpositionbybehavinginawaythatisnotsincere使潜入；使得到接纳e.g.

1.Hetriedtoinsinuatedoubtsintotheboss’smind.他设法使老板慢慢产生疑虑。2.HeinsinuatedhimselfintoMehmet’sconfidence.他设法取得了穆罕默德信任。3.Somehowhealways

manages

to

insinuate

himself

intoour

plans.

不知用什么伎俩他总是能把他自己纳入到我们计划中。第34页2.tosaysth.unpleasantinanindirectway暗示，暗指（令人不快内容，尤指某人不老实）e.g.

1.Itseemstomeyouinsinuatethingsabouther.我以为你讲起她来，总有些弦外之音。2.AreyouinsinuatingthatIamaliar?你绕来绕去是否暗指我撒谎?Synonym:imply

Wordfamily:insinuation

n.Words&Phrases第35页convulsive

a.1.convulsivemovementsareviolentanddifficulttocontrol惊厥；抽搐；猛烈e.g.

1.Sheburstintoa

convulsive

sobs.她突然抽咽起来。2.Themanletoutaconvulsiveburstoflaughter.

那人发出爆笑。2.(mainlyjournalism)causingmajorproblemsorseriousharm震动e.g.TheassassinationofMartinLutherKingwasoneofthemostconvulsiveeventsofthe1960s.

马丁·路德·金遇刺是20世纪60年代最令人震惊事件之一。

Wordfamily:convulsion

n.Words&Phrases第36页Words&Phrasesrightly

ad.1.

correctlyoraccurately

正确地；准确地e.g.Asyousorightlypointedout,thingsaregettingworse.你说得很对，情况越来越不妙了。

2.foragoodreason合理地；有充分理由地e.g.Theyhavebeentreatedbadly,andtheyarerightlyupset.他们受到了不公正对待，生气是有道理。rightlyorwrongly:

且不问对还是错，不论对不对e.g.Theprimeministerwaswidelyjudged,rightlyorwrongly,tobeanhonestman.不论对不对，大多数人都认为首相是个老实人。第37页illumination

n.1.

[C,U]anexplanationthatmakessth.easiertounderstand

阐述；解释；启发e.g.

Ifoundgreatilluminationinhiswords.我从他话中得到很大启发。2.

[U]

lightthatisprovidedbysth.inaplace照明，光亮e.g.

Whitecandles,theonlyillumination,burnedonthetable.白蜡烛作为唯一照明在桌子上燃烧着。Wordfamily:illuminate

v.Words&Phrases第38页swiftly

ad.

inawaythathappensquicklyorimmediately快速地；飞快地；立刻地e.g.Alexmovedswiftlyandsilentlyacrossthelawn.艾利克斯快速而悄悄地穿过草地。Wordfamily:swift

a.

e.g.

1.SheshotaswiftglanceatPaul.她快速地瞥了保罗一眼。2.Itwasaremarkablyswiftrecovery.

真是奇迹般快速康复。Words&Phrases第39页undue

a.(fml)notnecessaryorreasonable无须要；不合理；过分1.Itwouldbewisenottogiveundueimportancetohiscriticisms.最好不要过分看重他批评。2.Don’ttreatthematterwithunduehaste.

不要过急地处理此事。Antonym:

due

Words&Phrases第40页grip

1.

n.

(sing)afirmstronghold抓牢；紧握；紧抓e.g.

1.Holdthemicrophoneinafirmgripandkeepitstill.紧紧握住麦克风，不要让它动。2.Thelittlegirlwassofrightenedthatshejustwouldn’tloosenhergriponmyarm.(CET4--01-48)小女孩害怕极了，不愿放开我胳膊。2.

v.

to

hold

sth.

tightly抓牢；紧握；紧抓e.g.

Igrippedtherailandtriednottolookdown.我紧紧抓住栏杆，尽可能不往下看。Words&Phrases第41页recuperation

n.[U]

theprocessofgettingbetterafterbeingillorinjured恢复（健康）；复原e.g.Thehumanbodyhasamazingpowersofrecuperation.

人体含有惊人复原力。Wordfamily:recuperate

v.

Synonym:

recoveryn.e.g.

1.Colesisrecuperatingfromasprainedankle.科尔斯扭伤了脚踝，正在康复。2.Winstonproposedseveralwaysfortheindustrytorecuperate.温斯顿提出了复兴这个行业几个方法。Synonym:

recoverv.Words&Phrases第42页Words&Phrasescultivation

n.[U]

1.theprocessofdevelopingsth.suchasarelationship,attitude,orskill（人际关系等）培植；（态度或技能等）培养e.g.

Hisoutstandingperformancemakeshimworthyofyourcultivation.他表现这么好，不枉你对他培养。2.

theprocessofgrowingcropsorplants种植；栽培e.g.

Slashandburncultivationwasstillcustomsretainedinafewlocalities.在少数地方，还保持着“刀耕火种”原始耕作方式。第43页3.theuseoflandforgrowingcropsorplants栽培，种植e.g.

Thesefieldshavebeenundercultivationforyears.这些土地已耕作很多年了。Wordfamily:cultivate

v.

cultivatenewfriendscultivatethemindsofstudentscultivatetheabilitytosolveproblemsindependentlycultivatepearlcultivatethehabitoflaughterWords&Phrases结交新朋友陶冶学生心灵培养独立处理问题能力养殖珍珠养成笑习惯第44页improvise

v.1.todosth.withoutpreparingitfirst,oftenbecausethesituationdoesnotallowyoutoprepare（常因情形不允许事先准备而）暂时做，即席做e.g.Hehastheabilitytoimproviseoperaticariasinanygivenstyle.

他有即席创作任一格调歌剧咏叹调能力。2.tomakesth.byusingwhateveryoucanfindbecauseyoudonothavetheequipmentormaterialsthatyouneed暂时凑合e.g.

Weleftthetentpolesbehind,sowehadtoimprovise.我们忘了带帐篷支架，所以只好暂时找别东西凑合。Words&Phrases第45页sedulously

ad.

(veryfml)

diligently勤勉地；孜孜不倦地e.g.Hehasbeenworkingsedulouslytogettheprojectdoneontime.

他勤勤恳恳地工作，这个项目得以按时完成。Wordfamily:sedulous

a.

e.g.

1.Hisworkischaracterizedbyprecisionandasedulousattentiontodetail.他工作特点是力争准确和一丝不苟。2.Hewatchedhispatientswiththemostsedulouscare.

他无微不至地照料病人。Words&Phrases第46页vivify

vt.togivenewlifeorenergyto使含有生气e.g.

1.Asmilemayvivifyaface.

微笑使脸变得有活力。2.Rainvivifiesthedesert.

雨水给沙漠带来生气。Wordfamily:vivid

a.Words&Phrases第47页aggravate

vt.

1.tomakesth.badbecomeworse,especiallyasituationoramedicalcondition

使（尤指局势或病情）恶化；加剧e.g.

Theirmoneyproblemswerefurtheraggravatedbyariseininterestrates.因为利率上调，他们财务问题愈加糟糕。2.(mainlyspoken)toannoysb.惹怒，激怒e.g.

Whatreallyaggravatesmeisthewayshewon’tlistentome.让我大为生气是她不听我。Wordfamily:aggravation

n.Words&Phrases第48页unconnected

a.1.(~with/to)notrelatedtoeachother无关联e.g.

Wolf’sworkiscompletelyunconnectedtothecurrentstudy.沃尔夫所做工作和当前研究毫不相关。2.notjoinedtoasystem,forexampleinordertoprovideorreceiveelectricityorcommunication（电路、通讯等）未接通e.g.

Besuretoinsulateanylooseunconnectedwireswithelectricaltapeforsafety.为了安全，务必用电工胶带绝缘任何未连接电线。Words&Phrases第49页toil

1.

vi.

(literary)

toworkveryharddoingsth.difficultandtiring,especiallyphysicalwork（尤指体力活）辛劳地劳作，苦干e.g.

I’vebeentoilingawayatthisessayallweekend.我整个周末都在埋头写这篇论文。2.

vi.tomoveslowlyusinga

lotofeffort

艰难地行走e.g.

Thebustoiledupthesteephill.公共汽车艰难地爬上陡峭山岗。3.

n.

difficultandtiringwork,especiallyphysicalwor辛苦或长时间工作e.g.

Thejoyoverpaysthetoil.所得高兴超出付出辛劳。Words&Phrases第50页bore

vt.tomakesb.feelimpatientordissatisfied,especiallybytalkingtothemaboutthingsthatarenotveryinteresting（尤指谈论不太有趣事情而）使厌烦e.g.

1.Recitingtexts

bores

metodeath.背课文烦死我了。2.I’msorry,butwhatheistalkingreally

bores

me.对不起，他说话真使我厌烦。3.You

might

be

bored

to

death

from

stayingwithhimforawholeweek.和他在一起待上整整一星期，你可能会以为无聊得要死。Wordfamily:boringa.boreda.

boredom

n.Seealso:boredomWords&Phrases第51页manual

1.a.involvingtheuseofyourhands手工e.g.Makingsmallmodelsrequiresmanualskill.制作小模型要手巧。2.a.operatedwithoutelectricity手动e.g.Itwouldtaketoolongtodoamanualsearchofallthedata.

手动搜寻全部资料将会花去太多时间。Wordfamily:manually

ad.Words&Phrases第52页e.g.Theships’generatorbrokedown,andthepumpshadtobeoperated____insteadofmechanically.(CET4--01-70)A)manually B)artificiallyC)automatically D)synthetically3.

n.[C]abookcontaininginstructionsfordoingsth.,especiallyforoperatingamachine

手册；（尤指机器）说明书，操作指南e.g.Afullyillustratedinstructionmanualisincluded.

附上详尽说明书。Words&PhrasesA第53页trifling

a.notveryimportant不太主要；无足轻重e.g.

1.atriflingloss/defect/sum

无足轻重损失/小疵/微不足道数目2.Diseasesofeyescannotberegardedastriflingmatters!

眼睛病可不要看成儿戏！Synonym:trivial

Words&Phrases第54页gratify

v.(usu.passive)tomakesb.feelpleasedandsatisfied使满意；使满足；使高兴e.g.

1.Weweregratifiedtolearnthatyouhadpassedtheexamination.

得知你已经过考试我们很高兴。2.NowthathehasajobinJapanhecangratifyhisdesiretoseeHokkaido.既然他在日本有个工作，那就能够满足他看看北海道愿望了。Wordfamily:gratification

n.Words&Phrases第55页caprice

n.[C,U]asuddenandunexpectedchangeofopinionorbehaviourwithoutanygoodreason

（意见或行为）突然改变，重复无常；怪念头e.g.

1.Ican’tbearthecapricesofthespoiltchild.

我受不了这个被宠坏孩子喜怒无常性格。2.AhailstorminJulyisacapriceofnature.七月天一场冰雹是大自然重复无常改变。Words&Phrases第56页excitement

n.

1.

[C]sth.thatmakessb.feelexcited令人激动（或兴奋）事物；刺激原因e.g.Ifounditdifficulttosleepafteralltheexcitementsoftheday.我发觉在经历了一天令人兴奋事情后我极难入睡。2.

[U]thefeelingofbeingexcited激动，兴奋e.g.ThechildrenwerefilledwithexcitementatthethoughtofvisitingDisneyland.

想到要去迪士尼乐园孩子们就激动不已。Wordfamily:excite

v.Words&Phrases第57页additional

a.extra,andoftenmorethanexpected

附加；额外e.g.

1.Heropeduphistrucksforadditionalsecurity.

为了愈加安全，他把货车用绳捆牢。2.Thechargeforthedeliveryisadditional.

运费另计。Synonym:

extra

Wordfamily:add

v.

addition

n.

Words&Phrases第58页satiation

n.[U]thestateofbeingsatisfactorilyfullandunabletotakeonmore

充分满足；厌腻e.g.Thereisnorealreasontoexpect“satiation”atanylevelofpercapitaincomethatIcanforesee.就我看来，不论人均收入水平怎样，人们都不会感到“满足”。Wordfamily:satiate

v.

e.g.Hefoldeduphisnewspaper,hiscuriositysatiated.

好奇心得到满足之后，他叠起报纸。Words&Phrases第59页frantically

ad.inanurgentanduncontrolledway

慌忙地；慌忙地

e.g.1.Everyonewasfranticallypackinguptheirstuff.大家都在担心地收拾东西。2.Thedograntohismasterfrantically.

狗发疯似地朝主人跑去。Wordfamily:frantic

a.e.g.

1.I’vehadafranticrushtogetmyworkdone.我急急忙忙地赶完工作。2.Hemadefranticdashforthedepartingtrain.他发疯似地冲向正开出火车。Words&Phrases第60页avenging

a.

reactingtosth.wrongthathasbeendonetoyou,yourfamily,oryourfriendsbypunishingthepersonwhodidit报复；报仇e.g.Theattackswereseenasanavengingaction.

这些攻击被视为一个报复性行为。Wordfamily:

avenge

v.

e.g.

1.Hamletplannedtoavengehisfather.哈姆雷特计策为父报仇。2.Sheavengedhermother’sdeathuponthemurderer.他惩处了凶手，为母亲报了仇。Words&Phrases第61页boredom

n.

[U]thefeelingofbeingbored

厌烦；厌倦；无聊e.g.

1.Hetravelledextensivelytoescapefromboredom.

他处处旅游以解烦闷。2.Unemploymentcandriveyoumadwithboredom.

失业会让你无聊得发疯。Wordfamily:bored

a.

boring

a.

bore

v.Seealso:boreWords&Phrases第62页clatter

1.

n.

(sing)aseriesofloudshortnoises喧哗声e.g.Themiddayclatterofthebusinessdistrictattractedthegirl.

正午时分商业区喧闹声吸引了那个女孩。2.

v.tomakeorcausetomakeacontinuousrattlingsound（使）发出撞击声e.g.

Donotclatteryourknivesandforks.不要让你刀叉碰击出声。Words&Phrases第63页motion

n.1.[U]

theprocessoractionofmoving运动；移动

e.g.Specialinstrumentsrecordthespeedandmotionoftheatoms.

有专门仪器统计原子速度和运动。inmotion在开动中，在运转中

e.g.Ifenergystoppedbeinginmotion,ourentireuniverseandalllifewouldvanish.

假如能量停顿运转，我们整个宇宙以及生命就会消失。

Words&Phrases第64页Words&Phrases2.

[C]aformalproposalthatpeoplediscussandthenvoteoninameetingordebate动议；提议

e.g.1.TheCommitteewilldebatethemotiontoday.

委员会今天将就这一提议进行辩论。2.TheTradeUnionCongress,predominantlymale,hasproposedamotionarguingthathighheelsaredemeaningtowomenwhiletheyalsocontributetolongterminjuries.

英国工会同盟在一项提议中表示，高跟鞋是对女性人格贬低，而且会对身体造成长久伤害。该同盟大部分组员都为男性。

Wordfamily:move

v.

第65页rational

a.

1.thinkingaboutwhatyoudoinacalmway,andmakingsensibleandintelligentdecisions有理性；理智e.g.

1.Let’strytodiscussthislikerationalhumanbeings.

让我们像有理性正常人一样来讨论这个问题。2.Calmdownandtrytoberational.

冷静一下，理智点。

Words&Phrases第66页Words&Phrases2.based

on

sensible

practical

reasons

ratherthan

emotions基于理性；合理e.g.1.Theredidn’tseemtobeanyrational

explanation

forhisactions.

他行为似乎缺乏合理解释。2.Your

choice

was

perfectly

rationalunderthecircumstances.

在这种情况下你选择是相当合理。3.Weshouldfindarational

approach

tothe

problem.

我们应该找处处理该问题合理路径。Wordfamily:rationalityn.

Antonym:irrational第67页industrious

a.

(fml)

alwaysworkingveryhard勤劳；勤奋；勤勉e.g.

1.Agoodheadandanindustrioushandareworthgoldinanyland.聪明脑袋勤劳手，走遍天下贵如金。

2.Fortunatelyhiswifewasagoodneedlewoman,andassoberandindustriousashimself.幸亏他妻子是个缝纫能手，而且象他一样稳重、勤俭。Synonym:hardworkingWords&Phrases第68页compensation

n.

1.

[C,U](~

of/for)

sth.thatchangesorremovesthebadresultofsth.抵消；赔偿e.g.

Linda’saggressivenessisjustacompensationforherfeelingsofinsecurity.琳达争强好胜只是为了掩饰她缺乏安全感。2.

[U]

moneythatsb.receivesbecausesth.badhashappenedtothem

赔偿金；赔偿金e.g.

ThejuryawardedTyler$1.7millionincompensation.陪审团判给泰勒170万美元赔偿费。Words&Phrases第69页Wordfamily:compensate

v.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Nothingcancompensateforlosingherhusband.她失去丈夫损失是无法填补。2.Employershavetocompensatetheirworkmenforinjuries.工人负伤，雇主必须赔偿。3.Becausemylefteyeissoweak,myrighteyehastoworkhardertocompensate.因为我左眼视力差，右眼就必须辛劳点来填补一下。Words&Phrases第70页sustenance

n.[U]1.(fml)awayofsupportingyourself,forexamplebyearningmoney生计e.g.Theoldmankepttwoorthreecowsforthesustenanceofhisfamily.老人养了两三头奶牛维持家里生计。2.foodanddrink

食物；营养e.g.

Theearthbringsforthlargecropseveryyearforthesustenanceofmanandbeast.大地每年生产出大量农作物，供人畜食用。Words&Phrases第71页Words&Phrasesgrudge1.

vt.tobearagrudge;harborillfeelings不满；积怨；怨恨e.g.1.Thisisthefirststageofmydiscipleship,andnopower,visibleorinvisible,mustgrudgememycomingtoJesusChrist.现在我才开始作一门徒，愿凡百事物，不论可见或不可见，没有一样妒忌我叫我不抵达耶稣基督地方。2.Eachdayisaholiday,andordinaryholidayswhentheycomeare

grudged

asenforcedinterruptionsinanabsorbingvocation.每个工作日像假日一样，平时节日降临被埋怨为是对他们正全神贯注工作强行中止。第72页2.n.[C]afeelingofangertowardssb.becausetheyhavedonesth.toyouthatdoesnotseemrightorfair

不满；积怨e.g.Therewasnooneasfarasyouknowwhohadapersonalgrudgeagainsther.就我所知，没有些人跟她有私仇。

have/bear/holdagrudge心存不满，有怨恨harbor/nurseagrudge怀恨在心personalgrudges私愤Words&Phrases第73页enforced

a.

happeningbecauseofasituationthatyoucannotcontrolorprevent

被迫；强制e.g.

1.Hehastospendtheenforcedseparation.他必须度过强制隔离期。2.Sometimesenforcedobedienceisneededforthechildren.有时候，强迫性服从对孩子而言是需要。Wordfamily:enforcev.

enforcement

n.e.g.1.Don’tenforceyourwillonthechild,please.请别把你意愿强加给这孩子。2.Wewillseekenforcementofjudgment.

我们将请求执行判决。Words&Phrases第74页interruption

n.[C,U]

sth.sb.saysordoesthatstopssb.elsewhentheyarespeakingorconcentratingonsth.打断；中止；打搅e.g.

1.Aninterruptionputitquiteoutofmyhead.一打岔我就把这事全忘了。2.Manyinterruptionshavepreventedmefromfinishingthework.许多打岔事使我未能完成这项工作。Wordfamily:interrupt

v.

interruptive

a.e.g.

Mystudieswereinterruptedbythewar.我学业因战争而中止。Words&Phrases第75页vocation

n.[C]1.ajobthatyoudobecauseyoufeelitisyourpurposeinlifeandforwhichyouhavespecialskills（视为人生目标）工作，职业e.g.

Youshouldbeanactor—you’vemissedyourvocation.你应该当演员——你入错行了。2.thefeelingthatthepurposeofyourlifeistodoaparticulartypeofwork,especiallybecauseitallowsyoutohelpotherpeople

使命感；天职e.g.

Sheseemstohaveavocationforhealing.看来她具备治病救人使命感。Words&Phrases第76页outlook

n.(sing)1.(~

for)anideaaboutwhatasituationwillbelikeinthefuture展望；前景e.g.Theoutlookfortheeconomyisbright.经济前景光明。2.(~on)yourgeneralattitudetothings

（对事物总体）观点，看法e.g.

1.aprovincialoutlook2.aworldlyoutlook3.worldoutlook4.postmodern

cultureoutlookWords&Phrases世俗看法世界观后当代文化观偏狭观念第77页diversion

n.

1.[C,U]achangeintheuseorpurposeofsth.用途改变e.g.