外研版高中英语必修三 （Disaster and hope）PartⅠ 新课件

Unit6

DisasterandhopePartⅠ

Startingout&Understandingideas

导读：这首轻柔摇滚歌曲最早由理查德·卡朋特(RichardCarpenter)和约翰·贝迪斯(JohnBettis)创作于1973年，卡朋特兄妹乐队(TheCarpenters)将其收录于专辑《此时，彼刻》(Now&Then)中并作为该专辑的主打歌曲。电影《生命因你而动听》将其作为插曲，该歌曲也入围奥斯卡百年金曲，成为永恒畅销单曲之一。YesterdayOnceMoreWhenIwasyoungI’dlistentotheradio①____________formyfavoritesongsWhentheyplayedI’dsingalongItmademesmileThoseweresuchhappytimesAndnotsolongagoHowIwonderedwherethey’dgoneButthey’rebackagainJustlikealonglostfriendWaitingAllthesongsIlovesowellEverysha－la－la－laEverywo－wo②____________shinesEveryshinga－linga－lingThatthey’restartingtosingsofineWhentheygettothepart③____________he’sbreakingherheartItcanreallymakemecryJustlikebeforeIt’syesterdayoncemore...stillWhere昨日再现当我还很小的时候我就喜欢收听电台等着我最爱的歌曲音乐声响我也跟着吟唱那总让我开心一笑那些快乐的时光就发生在不久以前我在好奇它们何去却发现它们重新归来就像久违的朋友所有我以前喜爱的歌曲每一声沙—啦—啦每一声喔—喔依旧富有魅力每一声淅—哩—哩如今依旧动听当歌曲唱道他让她伤了心我真的会泪流满面就像以前一样这就是昨日再现……素

养

导

航(1)PickingupafreenewspaperattheTubestation，Iseethetitle“Hot!Hot!Hot！”.Today，thetemperatureinLondonisexpected(2)toreach30plusdegrees!TheaveragehightemperatureinJulyisonly22degrees，(3)soover30isnotusualforLondon.It’sgoingtobeawfulontheCentralLine，withnoairconditioning.WhydidtheyhavetoinventtheTubebeforeairconditioning?It’sjusttypicalthatmyjourneyisononeoftheoldestlines，aswellasoneofthedeepest.It’sthehottestonthewholeTubesystem.Sureenough，(4)goingdownthestairsandontotheplatformislikejumpingintoavolcano(5)that’serupting.This，however，isnothing(6)comparedtothetrain.(7)Becausethere’snoairconditioning，thetemperatureinsidethetraincanreach35degrees!It’slovelyatthebeach，butnotso(8)whenyou’rewearingasuitandinacrowdofpassengers!I’msure(9)thepassengernexttomeandIaremeltingandbecomingone!Ihadbaconandeggsforbreakfast，andnowI’mfeelingabitsick—Ihope(10)IcanmakeittoBankstation...I’llavoidthefeeling(11)bythinkingaboutwork.Iworkinatall，glassbuilding.Oneveryhotsummer，thesunreflectedoffitandmeltedcarsparkedbelow!Willthishappenagaintoday?Yes，eachsummerinLondondefinitelyseemshotterthanthelast.Isuddenlyfeelabitscared.Perhapsnowisthetime(12)tostartplanningforthefuture?Ishouldprobablyputmyflatonthemarketandbuyaboat.Thatway，(13)whentheThamesrisesandthereisafloodinLondon，I’llstillbeabletogettowork.Butwait!WouldIstillhaveaworkplace(14)togoto?Myofficeisonlyonthethirdfloorofthebuilding，soquitelow.I’llspeakwithmymanagerabout(15)movingtothetopfloor.Mostimportantly，Iwillneedtolearntoswim!I’lljoinabeginner’sswimmingclassimmediately.ThenI’llbeabletosurvive(16)evenwhenthetallbuildingsareflooded.(17)Lookingthroughmynewspaper，I’mshockedbyphotos(18)showingthatahurricaneinAsiahasdestroyedatown.What’smore，heavyraininEasternEuropehascausedlandslides，andtheheatacrossSouthernEuropehascausedforestfires.Expertssay(19)thisbadweatherhasoccurredduetoclimatechange.Newslikethismakesmefeelnervous.Nowthatit’shardtoavoidadisasteronEarth，perhapsIshouldstartthinkingaboutmovingtospace...“ThenextstationisBank！”comestheannouncement.That’smydestination.(20)Steppingoutofthestationwithaheavyheart，Isuddenlyfeelafreshwindonmyface.Well，maybeIhavebeenworryingtoomuch.Afterall，it’sonly30degreesoutside!(1)PickingupafreenewspaperattheTubestation为现在分词短语作时间状语。(2)不定式作主语补足语。(3)so引导结果状语从句。(4)goingdown...为动名词短语作主语。jumpingintoavolcano为动名词短语作介词like的宾语。(5)that引导定语从句，修饰volcano。(6)comparedtothetrain为过去分词作条件状语。(7)Because引导原因状语从句。(8)when引导时间状语从句。(9)本句为宾语从句，省略了连接词that。(10)本句为宾语从句，省略了连接词that。(11)bythinkingaboutwork为bydoing结构作方式状语。(12)不定式作后置定语，修饰thetime。(13)when引导时间状语从句。(14)不定式作后置定语，修饰workplace。(15)movingtothetopfloor为动名词作介词about的宾语。(16)when引导时间状语从句，even表示强调。(17)Lookingthroughmynewspaper为现在分词作时间状语。(18)showingthatahurricaneinAsia...为现在分词短语作后置定语修饰名词photos；其中that引导宾语从句，作动词show的宾语。(19)本句为动词say的宾语从句，省略了连接词that。(20)Steppingoutofthestationwithaheavyheart为现在分词作时间状语。①pickup拿起②averageadj.平均的③awfuladj.糟糕的④airconditioning空调⑤typicaladj.典型的，有代表性的⑥godown下去⑦platformn.站台；平台⑧volcanon.火山⑨comparedto和……比起来⑩acrowdof一群

⑪meltv.融化⑫baconn.咸肉；熏肉⑬sickadj.恶心的⑭makeit成功⑮thinkabout思考，考虑⑯reflectoff反射⑰definitelyadv.无疑地，一定StepⅠ

GeneralreadingMatcheachparagraphwithitsmainidea.Para.1

A.DisastersaroundtheworldPara.2 B.ThehightemperatureinLondontubePara.3 C.ThepreparationforthehotfuturePara.4 D.TheterribleexperienceinthehottrainPara.5 E.Tryingtobeoptimistic答案

Para.1—B

Para.2—D

Para.3—C

Para.4—A

Para.5—EStepⅡ

FactualreadingReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1.WhatcanweknowabouttheTubesysteminLondon?A.Allthenewspapersarealwaysfreeofcharge.B.Theauthorneverexperiencesahotterjourneythanthisone.C.AirconditioningwasinventedbeforetheTube.D.Theplatformwasbuiltclosetoanactivevolcano.2.Whydoestheauthorfeelabitsickinthetrain?A.Becausethereisnoairconditioning.B.Becauseworkinginatallglassbuildingisawful.C.Becauseitisextremelyhotinsidethetrain.D.Becausethebreakfastsmellsterrible.3.Whichofthefollowingdoesn’tbelongtotheauthor’spreparationsforthefuture?A.Movetheflattoanothercity.B.Buyaboat.C.Movetheofficetothetopfloor.D.Learntoswim.4.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthereportsofnaturaldisastersaroundtheworld?A.Excited. B.Relaxed.C.Shocked. D.Embarrassed.5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.JourneyinLondon.B.TheTubesysteminLondon.C.Crowdedsituation.D.Theextremeweatherconditions.答案

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.C

5.DStepⅢ

ClozetestFillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.WhenIamtravellingontheLondonTube，itisveryhotwiththetemperature1.____________(reach)30plusdegreesoutside，2.____________makesmefeelawful.Itiseven3.____________(hot)insidethetrainthanoutside，causingmetofeelabitsickandevenmeltwith4.____________passengernexttome.5.____________(think)thatLondonwillprobablygethotter，Ifeelscared.6.____________(prepare)forthefuture，Iplantosellmyflat，buyaboat,movemyofficetothetopfloor，andevenlearnswimmingreachingwhichhottertheThinkingToprepareimmediately.Lookingthroughanewspaper，I’m7.____________(shock)bythereportsofnatural8.____________(disaster)aroundtheworld，whichmakesmenervousandconsidermovingtospace.9.____________，goingoutside，IfeelrefreshedandthinkIhavebeen10.____________(worry)toomuch.shockeddisastersHoweverworryingⅠ.词汇语境认知——写出语境中加黑单词或短语的意义1.Itwasthesecondairdisasterintheregioninlessthantwomonths.____________2.Itookthetubethenthetrainandcamestraighthere.____________3.There’seasilyenoughroomfortwoadultsandthreechildren，plusadog.____________4.Thehurricaneismovingtothewestatabout18milesperhour.____________5.Afteraweek’sheavyrain，theirhousewasburiedbyalandslide.____________6.Wemustpickuprubbishandkeepourcityclean.____________7.You’rebraveandcourageous.Youcanmakeit.____________8.Theynoticedacrowdofpeopleshoutingandcheering.____________灾难，灾祸地铁和，加上飓风山崩，滑坡捡起成功一群Ⅱ.单词语境记忆——根据英语提示写出单词的适当形式1.Thevolcano____________(eruption)in1980，devastatingalargeareaofWashingtonstate.2.Igotintouchwithhim____________(immediate)afterIreceivedtheletter.3.It____________(occur)tomethatIhadleftthedoorunlocked.4.Peopleare____________(scare)tousethebuseslateatnight.5.Everyoneinthestreetwas____________(shock)whentheyheardthenews.6.I____________(definite)remembersendingtheletter.7.Iwasn’ttotallypreparedforthe____________(announce)onthenextday.eruptedimmediatelyoccurredscaredshockeddefinitelyannouncementⅢ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1.________________(和……比起来)peoplelivingonlyafewgenerationsago，wehavegreateropportunitiestohaveagoodtime.2.Iwavedgoodbyeand________________(下去)thestoneharboursteps.3.Itriedto________________(考虑)alltheproblemsthatwereaheadofmetomorrow.4.Thesun________________(反射)thesnow-coveredmountains，andcreatedbeautifulscenery.5.He’snottoblame.________________(毕竟)，itwasthefirsttimehe’ddoneit.6.Ineedsomemoney.I’mgoingto________________(浏览)thenewspaperforaholidayjob.Comparedwith/towentdownthinkaboutreflectedoffAfteralllookthrough1.eruptv.(火山等)爆发，喷发·Sureenough，goingdownthestairsandontotheplatformislikejumpingintoavolcanothat’serupting.(教材P62)果然，下楼梯上月台就像跳进一座正在喷发的火山。·Isavolcaniceruptiontakingplacenow？火山喷发现在还在发生吗？►单句语法填空①Thevolcano____________(erupt)andkilledallthedinosaur.②Tsunamisarehugewavesofwaterthatareusuallycausedbyearthquakesorvolcanic____________(erupt).单词一族eruptionn.爆发；喷发eruptederuptions2.immediatelyadv.即刻；马上

conj.一……就……·I’lljoinabeginner’sswimmingclassimmediately.(教材P63)我马上就要参加一个游泳初学者班。·Hecamearoundtoseemeimmediatelyhecheckedinthehotel.他刚一入住宾馆就来看我。·Shedemandedthatwegiveheranimmediateanswer.她要求我们立即给她回复。·AssoonasIgettoBeijing，I’llwritetoyou.我一到北京就给你写信。·Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewasaskedtoleaveagain.他刚到就再次被支走了。►一句多译他一到达电影院，电影就开始了。→_______________________________________________________________________，thefilmhadbegun.→_________________________________atthecinemawhenthefilmbegan.→_________________________________atthecinemathanthefilmbegan.→_________________________________atthecinema，thefilmbegan.Assoonas/Immediately/Directly/Themoment/minute/secondhearrivedatthecinemaHardlyhadhearrivedNosoonerhadhearrivedOn(his)arriving/arrival单词一族immediateadj.立即的，马上的名师提醒①表示“一……就……”的词或短语有：themoment/theminute/thesecond/theinstant；immediately/directly/instantly；assoonas/hardly...when/nosooner...than...；on＋n./doing等。②在hardly...when/nosooner...than...句型中，主句用过去完成时，when和than引导的从句用一般过去时。当hardly，nosooner置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，即将助动词、系动词、情态动词提到主语之前。3.occurv.发生·Expertssaythisbadweatherhasoccurredduetoclimatechange.(教材P63)专家说这种坏天气是由于气候变化造成的。·Itoccurredtometovisitmyparents.我突然想去探望我的父母。·Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.我决没想到你能成功地说服他改变主意。►单句语法填空/一句多译①Fluoften____________(occur)inwinterandspring.②Itneveroccurredtoher____________(ask)foranyonewhenshewasintrouble.③他想起他把钥匙落在办公室里了。→______________________________thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(occur)→______________________________thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(hit)→______________________________thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(strike)occurstoaskItoccurredtohimIthithimItstruckhim用法总结sthoccur(s)tosb某事浮现在某人的脑海中Itoccurstosbthat.../todosth...某人突然想起……名师提醒occur不用于被动语态和进行时态。名师提醒表示“某人想到……”还可以用下列句式：

①Itstrikes/hit(s)sbthat...②Sthstrike(s)sb③Sthcome(s)tosb④Sbhit(s)on/uponsth4.announcementn.通告；公告·“ThenextstationisBank！”comestheannouncement.(教材P63)“下一站是银行！”喇叭宣布。·TwothingshappenedafterDolly’sbirthwasannouncedtotheworld.多莉绵羊的诞生向世界宣布之后，发生了两件事。·Theresultsoftheelectionwillbedeclaredtomorrow.选举结果将在明天公布。·Newtrafficruleswillbepublishednextmonth.下个月将颁布新的交通法规。►选词填空(declare/announce/publish)①Onlyin1687didheatlast____________hisnewtheory.②SoonGermany____________waronFrance.③Thebell____________theendoftheclass.publishdeclaredannounced单词一族announcev.宣布；宣告易混辨析declare，announce，publishdeclare“宣布，宣告”，通常指官方正式公布，宣告某事。announce“宣布”，指对公众或特定的一群人宣布他们关心的事情，特别是具有新闻性的事件。publish“宣布”，主要指印成文字，通过报刊或其他媒介向公众公布某事。1.pickup拿起，拾起；接人，取物；学会；接收到(信号或声音)；好转·PickingupafreenewspaperattheTubestation，Iseethetitle“Hot!Hot!Hot！”.(教材P62)在地铁站捡到一份免费报纸，我看到标题是“热！热！热！”·Itdidn’ttakemelongtopickuptheelementaryknowledgeofthelanguage.我没有费多少时间就学会了这一语言的初步知识。·Couldyoudomeafavourandpickupmybrotherfromschooltoday?今天你能帮我个忙去学校接我弟弟吗？·IfyougotoEnglandyou’llsoonpickupEnglish.你如果到英国去，很快就能学会英语的。·WecanpickupItaliantelevision.我们能收看到意大利电视台的节目。►用pick的相关短语填空①Youshouldnotpick____________anyoftheflowers.②HehassuchadistinctiveappearancethatIcouldpickhim____________anywhere.③Idon’tunderstandwhyheisalwayspicking____________me.④Iseehimsitinthechairandpick____________thenewspaperagain.offoutonup短语记牢pickon指责，刁难pickout挑选，认出pickoff采摘pickover筛选，精心挑选名师提醒口诀记忆pickup含义pickup词义虽多变，口诀巧记挺简单：拿起捡起开车接，接收收听视野开；好转改善又增强，学到知识也偶然；商场买到便宜货，想必心情会很high。2

pareto和……比起来·This，however，isnothingcomparedtothetrain.(教材P62)然而，与火车相比，这算不了什么。·Itisinterestingtocomparetheirsituationwithours.把他们的状况与我们的相比很有意思。·Thisschoolcompareswiththebestinthecountry.这所学校可与全国最好的学校媲美。·Weoftencompareateachertoacandle.我们常把老师比喻成蜡烛。·Comparedto/withhisbrother，hemadegreaterprogress.和他弟弟相比，他取得了更大的进步。

►单句语法填空/补全句子①____________(compare)withthesizeofthewholeearth，thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.②____________(compare)thistimetoyourlasttimetoChinathisJune，what’sthedifference?③Bookscan________________________friends.书可以比喻为朋友。④Wecarefully____________thefirstreport____________thesecond.我们仔细比较了第一份报告和第二份报告。ComparedComparingbecomparedtocomparedwith用法总结compare...with...把……和……作比较comparewith比得上compare...to...把……比作……；把……和……作比较comparedto/with和……相比3.afterall毕竟；终究·Afterall，it’sonly30degreesoutside！(教材P63)毕竟，外面只有30度！·Thereweretwelvepeopleinallpresentatthemeeting.共有十二个人出席了会议。·Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter，thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheirstrengthsandweaknesses.为了让组里成员做得更好，训练者首先要了解他们的优势和劣势。·Icertainlydonotremembertalkingtoyouatall.我当然完全不记得和你讲过话。►补全句子Youshouldn’thavescoldedtheboy____________；heisachild____________；____________，hemadeonlytwomistakes____________.你根本不应该责备那个男孩，

他毕竟还是个孩子；

最重要的是，

他总共才出了两处错。atallafterallaboveallinall短语记牢aboveall最重要的是；

尤其是firstofall首先

not...atall根本不；一点也不notatall不客气allinall总而言之inall总共，合计1.Oneveryhotsummer，thesunreflectedoffitandmeltedcarsparkedbelow！(教材P63)一个非常炎热的夏天，太阳反射过来，融化了停在下面的汽车！【分析】

parkedbelow为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词cars。【拓展】

过去分词作定语的用法：(1)单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需要置于被修饰词之后。过去分词短语作定语要后置，放在被修饰词之后。(2)过去分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句，但它比定语从句更简短。(3)一些不及物动词也有过去分词形式，由于不及物动词不可以直接跟宾语，所以不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动语态的意义。·Thestudentdressed(＝whoisdressed)inwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。·Thisbook，written(＝whichiswritten)insimpleEnglish，issuitableforbeginners.这本书是用浅显的英语写的，适合初学者。·Therearemanyfallenleavesontheground.地上有许多落叶。·Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。单句语法填空①Theparty____________(hold)lastnightwasasuccess.②Thegirl____________(ask)questionswasourmonitor.③Themeeting____________(attend)byoverfivethousandpeoplewelcomedthegreathero.④Therewasaterriblenoise____________(follow)thesuddenburstoflight.heldaskingattendedfollowing名师提醒过去分词作定语时，过去分词所表示的动作与被修饰词之间是被动关系，有时表示完成。现在分词作定语时，其所表示的动作与被修饰词之间是主动关系，有时表示被修饰词的特征。2.Nowthatit’shardtoavoidadisasteronEarth，perhapsIshouldstartthinkingaboutmovingtospace...(教材P63)既然地球上很难避免灾难，也许我应该开始考虑搬到太空去……【分析】

本句中Nowthatit’shard...onEarth为原因状语从句。【拓展】

原因状语从句：(1)because语气最强，表示的是直接的理由。可用来回答why引导的问句，可用于强调句型，它所引导的从句常放在主句后。(2)as语气较弱，较口语化，表示较明显的原因或已知的事实，它所引导的从句常放在主句前。(3)since/nowthat语气较弱，所表示的原因为人们已知的事实。常译为“既然”。since常和nowthat互换。(4)for后跟句子时，是并列连词，用来说明、补充解释或表示一种推理，所以for跟从句时不能置于句首。·Ican’tgettosleepbecausethereismuchnoiseoutside.由于外面声音嘈杂我睡不着。·Ashewasinahurry，heleftthisbaghome.由于他太匆忙才把包丢在了家里。·Since/Nowthattherainhasstopped，let’sgohomeatonce.既然雨已停了，我们马上回家吧。·Thedaybreaks，forthebirdsaresinging.天亮了，因为鸟儿都在叫了。补全句子①Iwaslateforschool__________________________(因为我错过了第一辆公共汽车).②__________________________________(既然你恢复了健康)，youcantravel.③Itmusthaverainedlastnight，______________________(因为地面是湿的).④______________________(因为他没准备好)，weleftwithouthim.becauseImissedthefirstbusSince/NowthatyouarewellagainforthegroundiswetAshewasn’treadyUnit6

Disasterandhope

PartⅡ

Usinglanguage——省略【思维导图】名词所有格修饰的名词，若表示住宅、店铺、教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物时，常常可以省略。如：WespenttheweekendatMary’s.(我们在玛丽家过的周末。)what和how引导感叹句时，常可省略主语it和be动词。如：Whatawonderfulvictory(itis)forTom!Howbeautiful(itis)tobetreatedlikeachild!Ⅰ.基本特征感悟【感悟用法】①(You)Comein，please!②Johnisalawyer，andhiswife(is)acleaner.③You’dbetterlookoutwhen(youare)crossingthestreet.④Heistheman(who/whom/that)youcandependon.⑤Theboywantedtoplayfootballinthestreet，buthismotherdidnotallowhimto(playfootballinthestreet).⑥Itshows(that)aknowledgeoffirstaidcanmakearealdifference.【自我总结】1.例句1为____________句中的省略。2.例句2为____________句中的省略。3.例句3为____________的省略。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语指的是同一人或物，且由人称代词的主格担当，或当状语从句的主语为it，而且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以把从句的____________________一起省略。4.例句4为____________的省略。当关系代词在限制性定语从句中作________时可以省略。5.例句5为__________的省略。有时可用不定式符号“to”来替代上文中出现的不定式。6.例句6为____________中连接词____________的省略。简单并列状语从句主语和be动词关系代词宾语不定式宾语从句thatⅡ.主要用法精讲为了避免重复，或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫省略。在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种：一、简单句中的省略1.省略主语：一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，主语常常省略，主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。 (I)Begyourpardon.请再说一遍。 (It)Doesn’tmatter.没关系。2.省略宾语：当上、下或前后两个句子的宾语一致时，下句或后句常省略宾语。 —DoyouknowMissGao？——你认识高女士吗？ —Idon’tknow(her).——不认识。3.省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)：在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。 (Youcome)Thisway，please.

请这边走。(省略了主语和谓语) (Haveyou)Gotanyink?

你有墨水吗？(省略了主语和谓语的一部分)二、并列句中的省略

在由and或but连接的并列句中，常省略一些重复的词或词组。1.省略共同的主语或宾语。 Tompickedupabookonthefloorand(Tom)handedittohisteacher.

汤姆在地板上捡起了一本书并把它交给了老师。2.若主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。 JackmusthavebeenplayingfootballandMary(musthavebeen)doingherhomework.杰克肯定一直在踢足球，玛丽肯定一直在做家庭作业。3.若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。 Hisadvicemademehappy，but(hisadvicemade)Jimangry.

他的建议使我高兴，却使吉姆生气。4.若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。 Hehasaknowledgeoffirstaidbuthisfrienddoesn’t(haveaknowledgeoffirstaid).

他具备急救知识，但他朋友不具备。三、复合句中的省略1.状语从句的省略(1)在when，while，if，asif，though，although，as，until，once，whether，unless，whenever等连接的状语从句中，当从句主语跟主句的主语相同且从句谓语中含有系动词be或从句的主语为it时，则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。Woodgivesoffmuchsmokewhile(itis)burning.木头燃烧时产生很多烟。Whenever(itis)possible，theywouldstophimandaskhimthethreequestions.只要有可能，他们就让他停下并问他这三个问题。When(itis)heated，icecanbeturnedintowater.加热的时候冰可以变成水。WillyoubefreethisSunday?If(itis)so，let’sgocamping.这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。(2)在than，as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。Theydon’tusemorewaterthan(itis)necessary.他们使用的水没有超出需要量。HerunsasfastasBob(runs).他和鲍勃跑得一样快。2.定语从句的省略(1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom，which，that可省略(但whom，which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。Theexactyear(which/that)AngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.安哥拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的那一年是2008年。(2)修饰way的关系词that/inwhich可以省略。Theway(that/inwhich)hespeakstousisreallyannoying.他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。3.宾语从句的省略(1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。Itrulybelieve(that)beautycomesfromwithin.我真的相信美丽源自内心。Hesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该牢记在心。(2)when，where，how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。IknowthatamoviestarwillcometoourcitybutIdon’tknowwhen(hewillcometoourcity).我知道一个电影明星将要来我们市，但我不知道他什么时候来。四、其他的省略情况1.动词不定式的省略(1)当不定式在形容词afraid，anxious，eager，glad，happy，ready，willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。Youcan’tforcehimtoanswerthequestionifhe’snotreadyto(answerthequestion).如果他不愿意回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。(2)某些使役动词，如：make，let，have等和感官动词，如：see，watch，notice，observe，hear等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不省略。WeoftenhearhersinganEnglishsongintheclassroom.SheisoftenheardtosinganEnglishsongintheclassroom.(被动语态)我们经常听见她在教室唱英文歌。(3)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不能省略to。Helikestoswimmorethan(to)skate.比起溜冰他更喜欢游泳。Hebelievesitimportanttostudyratherthantomakefriends.(比较)他认为最重要的是学习而不是交朋友。

(4)当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常可省略。常见的动词有agree，afford，expect，forget，hope，know，manage，pretend，remember，refuse，want，wish，wouldlike等。Iwoulddoitforyou，butIdon’tknowhowto(doitforyou).我愿意为你做这件事，但是我不知怎么去做。(5)介词but，except(除了)前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。Allhecoulddowasnothingbutwaitandsee.他所能做的只有等着瞧。(6)当不定式在begoingto，beableto，haveto，oughtto，usedto后作复合谓语时，不定式可省略。Theydidn’tvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto(visittheirparents).他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。2.使用so，not等时的省略在英语中，可以用so，not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。—Canyoufinishyourworktoday？——你今天能完成工作吗？—Ithinkso.——我认为能。—Idon’tthinkso./Ithinknot.——我认为不能。3.介词的省略(1)一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构有：①havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth②bebusy(in)doingsth③spendsometime(in)doingsth④stop/preventsb(from)doingsthTheheavyrainpreventedhim(from)arrivingthereontime.大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。(2)表示时间的介词at，on和in在next，last，this，these，yesterday，tomorrow，one，any，every，each，some等词之前时，一般省略。Wegotoschool(on)everydayexceptSundays.除星期天外，我们每天都上学。即学即练1补全下列省略句①Haveaseat，please!____________haveaseat，please!②Lookslikerain.____________lookslikerain.③Let’sdothedishes.I’llwashandyoudry.Let’sdothedishes.I’llwashandyoudry__________________________.④Gotanyideaabouttheplan?____________gotanyideaabouttheplan?YouItthem/thedishesHavey