已校对课件英文6扭挫伤

扭挫伤【概说】扭挫伤是指四肢关节或躯体部软组织损伤，如皮肤、肌肉，筋脉等，而无骨折、脱臼、皮肉破损，俗称“伤筋”。临床主要表现为受伤部肿胀疼痛，关节活动障碍等。SprainandContusionSprainandcontusionrefertotheinjuryofsofttissues,suchasskin,musclesandtendonsofthetrunkorlimbswithoutfracture,dislocationorwound.Mainmanifestationsarepainandswellingoftheinjuredareas,andmotorimpairmentofthejoints.

【病因病机】

多由剧烈运动或用力时体位不当、闪挫、跌仆、牵拉、扭转过度等原因，引起筋脉及关节损伤，使局部气血瘀滞，经脉闭阻而成。EtiologyandPathogenesisLocalstagnationofqiandbloodinthemeridiansofdiseasedareasisduetoinjuryoftendinoustissuesandjointsbyviolentmovement,awkwardpostureofthebody,bruise,falling,tractionorover-twisting.【辨证】主证：扭伤局部因瘀阻而肿胀疼痛，红肿青紫。新伤局部有微肿，按压疼痛。若红肿甚大，关节屈伸不利，伤势重。陈伤一般肿胀不明显，常因风寒湿邪侵袭而反复发作。损伤部位多发于肩、肘、腕、腰、髀、膝、踝等处。DifferentiationMainmanifestations:localswellingandpain,rednessorecchymosis.Anewinjuryisslightlyswollenwithtenderness.Largeareaofswellingtogetherwithmotorimpairmentofthejointsisfoundinseriouscases.Oldinjuryischaracterizedbyabsenceofmarkedswellingbutrepeatedrecurrenceduetoinvasionofexogenouspathogenicwind,coldanddamp.Theinjurymostlyhappensintheshoulder,elbow,wrist,back,hip,kneeandankle.【辨证】证候分析：任何部位发生扭伤，皆因局部血瘀气滞，筋脉损伤，而见肿胀疼痛，按之痛甚。长久不愈，耗伤气血，每遇风、寒、湿邪则经脉痹阻加重，故疼痛亦增，常随气候变化而痛作。DifferentiationAnalysis:Sprainorcontusionatanyplaceofthebodyisduetotendinousinjurywithlocalqistagnationandbloodstasis,markedbyswellingandpainwithtenderness.Inaprotractedcase,qiandbloodareconsumed,andtheircirculationinthemeridianstendstobefurtherobstructedbyexposuretowind,coldanddamp.Thatiswhypainisexacerbatedinbadweather.【治疗】治法：取阿是穴为主，并根据经络分布选局部与远道输穴，远道用针，局部针灸并用。以疏筋活络，消肿止痛。

Treatment:

Ashipointsareusedastheprincipalpoints.Localanddistalpointsofinvolvedmeridiansmaybecombinedtoeasetendonsandactivatebloodcirculation,relievingswellingandpain.Applyneedingplusmoxibustiontothelocalpointsandneedingalonetothedistalpoints.【治疗】处方：阿是穴。随证配穴：颈项部者配天柱(膀胱10)后溪（小肠3）。肩关节配肩井(胆21)肩髑(大肠15)。肘关节配曲池(大肠11)合谷（大肠4）。腕关节配阳池（三焦4）

外关（三焦5）。股关节配环跳(胆30)阳陵泉(胆34)。膝关节配犊鼻(胃35)内庭(胃44)。踝关节配解溪（胃41）

丘墟(胆40)昆仑(膀胱60)。TreatmentPrescription:AshipointsSupplementarypoint:Neck;Tianzhu(BL10),Houxi(SI3).Shoulderjoint:Jianjing(GB21),Jianyu(LI15).Elbowjoints:Quchi(LI11),Hegu(LI4).Wristjoint:Yangchi(TE4),Waiguan(TE5).Hipjoint:Huantiao(GB30),Yanglingquan(GB34).Kneejoint:Dubi(ST35),Neiting(ST44).Anklejoint:Jiexi(ST41),Qiuxu(GB40),Kunlun(BL60).【治疗】方义：本病多在病痛局部及循经远道取穴，以达行气血通经络的目的，局部加灸，增强温运气血、消肿止痛之功，以促进损伤组织功能的恢复。TreatmentExplanation:localanddistalpointsfromtheaffectedmeridiansareselectedtopromotethecirculationofqiandbloodinthemeridians.Moxibustiontothelocalpointspromotesthecirculationofqiandbloodbywarmthsoastorelieveswellingandpain,andtospeeduptherecoveryoftheinjuredtissues.【参考】

1．本病是指软组织损伤。

2．局部扭伤，可取用针刺病变部位相对应的一侧。针时令病人将患病关节活动，促使疼痛减轻或消失。

Remarks:

Needingcanbeappliedtothehealthysideatt