四队一队一区队

随着热红外技术的不断发展，红外成像技术的应用领域越来越广阔。由于红外成像系统非常容易理、图像锐化MATLAB软件进行实验仿真，分析比较了各种算法的处理效果。最后总结出了Withtheconstantdevelopmentofinfraredtechnology,infraredthermalimagingtechnologyhasbeenwidelyusedinmoreandmorefields.Fortheinfraredimagingsystemisveryvulnerabletointerferencebytheenvironmentandtheowndeficienciesofsystem,sotheinfraredimagesfuzzierandlowercontrastthanordinaryimages.Thesecharacteristicsareveryharmfultothesubsequentsenioroperations,suchastargetdetection,targetrecognition,featureextraction,targettrackingandsoon.Therefore,fortheimageprocessingsystem,theinfraredimageenhancementisanecessaryandvaluablepretreatmenttechnology.Becauseofitbringspeopletheinconveniencetoidentificationanddetectionontheimage.Sothisarticlemainlymadethefollowingseveralaspectsoftheresearchwork:Firstly,thepaperdiscussedthemechanismandimagingcharacteristicsofinfraredimage,ingeneral,theinfraredimagehasthefollowingimagingcharacteristics:1.Lowresolution2.havingirregularnoiseanddistortion3.imagingprocessingofinformation,largeamountofcalculationandstorage4.havingastrongspatialcorrelationcharacteristicsbetweenpixels.Thenresearchedtheimagingmechanismofinfraredimagesandspecificallyanalyzednoise-formedcharacteristics,thesysteminternalparametersofrandomtransform,theexternalenvironmentofrandomeffectsarepossiblecausesofnoise.andthecharacteristicofimagehistogramandnoiseareanalyzedrespectively.Thenchoosedifferentimageenhancementalgorithmsfromdifferentpointofview(mainlyincludesgray-scaletransformation,histogramequalization,smoothnoisereductionprocessing,imagesharpening),ByMATLABsoftwaresimulationexperiments,analysisandcomparisonoftheeffectivenessofvarioustreatmentalgorithms.Finally,summeduptheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthesemethods,andthefollowingconclusions:alineartransformofgrayvaluerangecanbeextendedtotheentiregrayscalerangecanbeachieved.Theadvantagepiecewiselineartransformationisrequired,theenlargedimageoftheobjectofinterestgraydetailsarenotinterestedintherelativegraylevelofinhibition.Butthedisadvantageisthattherangeofchoicesegmentedtransformationisdifficulttograsp.Histogramequalizationcanmaketheimagegraylevelofeachpixeltoincreasedynamicrange,sothatthevisualimageandimprovesthecontrast.Butthedisadvantageisthatmostofthepixelsastheimageareconcentratedinsomeothernumberofgraylevelsandhavelittleornograylevelofthepixel,sothatthismethodmaycausesomeofthegrayscaleimageisreducedorevenlost,causingdecreasedimageresolution.Imagesmoothingnoisereductionprocessinginthemeanfiltersuppressesnoiseenhancedimagealgorithmissimple,fastcalculation,andthenoisecomponentisweakenedtothesurroundingpixels.Butthedrawbackisthenoisereductionanddetailwhilemakingtheimageedgeblurring.Advantageofthemedianfilteristhatitcanprotecttheedgeinformationoftheimage,andtheimageoftheunwantedimagenoisecanberemoved,thedisadvantageisthesizeofthetemplatewiththeincreaseofthefilter,blurcertaindetailsoftheincrease.Advantagesofimagesharpeningistohighlightthedetailsintheimageareblurredorenhancethedetails.ButthedisadvantageiscapableofsharpeningtheimagemustaskforahighersignaltonoiseKeywords：infrared image visual论文题目：红外图像增强算法研究 业：通信工程 生：刘指导教师：吴 副教1234第5章结论与展望.展望致谢 绪F.W.Herschel于1800年在使用普通温度测量计测量太阳光Infrared(IR)。红外线波段位于可见光和微波之间，大约0.76~1000微米，光凭种是红外辐射探测波段为1~3μm，属于短红外波段的大气窗口，简称短波；第3~5μm8~14μm的波段，有的文献也将此波段称为长红外波段(LongInfrared)简称为长波(LIR)。一般情况下，红第二章CDD阵列要低得多，这也决定了U(t,v,h)SNT(t)NV(v)NH(h)NTV(t,v)NTH(t,h)NVH(v,h)数据集中所有点的总平均值；NT(t)是帧间噪声；NV(v)是固定行噪声；NH(h)为NTV(t,v)NTH(t,h)NVH(v,h)是固定像素设f(x,y)为理想的红外图像，c(x,y)为实际输出图像，n(x,y)为噪声。又因为外界的干扰和热成像系统自身的局限造成了噪声的复杂性和不可预测性，1f噪声等众多因素引起的红外图像质量下降等问题。其非均匀校正的方法器件每个光敏元之间的响应曲线非均匀性校正（NUC,NonuniformityC（Constant-

P(ri灰度级为ri

(i=0,1,2…L-Li

P(ri)图 可见光图像及其对应直方 图 红外图像及其对应直方演获得处理结果。如图3-1显示基本的图像增强算法分类: 在公式中，f(x,y)表示输入图像，g(x,y)表示处理图像，T操作是对图像f(x,y)的，则g(x,y)只取决于f(x,y)在(x,y)点的值。在这种情况下，T操作被称为灰度级变 T(r)m而式的映射关系就被叫做阈值函数。T变换虽然相当简单，有时却能够对图像起3-2f(x,y)的灰度级范围为[r1，r2]g(x,y)的灰度级

r2-

上式（3-3）3-3

r0rrsS

2rsmaxs

(r

2)

2,r

r

maxrSlog(r 此本文将不对其作过多讨论。对数变换函数的曲线如图3-6(a)所示。S 3-6(a)是对数变换的曲线变换示意图，图(b)是指数变换的变换函数曲线示意ps（s）s=T(r)满足如下条件：(a)函数pr（rrST(r) r式(3-8)两边分别对rdsdT(r) d[rP(w)dw]P(r dr Ps(s)Pr(r)

N

kST(rk)Pr(rj)

NN

rk1,k02,...,L1（3-8bit(比特)，也即图像的灰度级范围为[0,255]，那么255k

NNjN

对比度提高；像素数少且分布较稀疏的灰度级间的间隔变小,甚至为0(灰度级域得到广泛的应用和推广。1987年Mallat把在计算机视觉领域中应用的多尺持索引颜色图像，灰度图像，二值图像，RGBBMP、GIF、JPEG、PCX、PNG、TIFF、XWD、CUR、ICOMATLAB形对话等，MATLABMATLAB（r=1