英语名师讲练大一轮复习人教版核心素养测评十一必修3Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld

温馨提示：此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。核心素养测评十一必修3Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AThepeopleofReykjavikareusedtolyingdownforthewinter,wheneachdaybringswithitonlyafewhoursofsunlight.Februarying,they’remorethanreadytowakeupfromhibernation(冬眠)andwelethefirstsignsofspring.Thelocalauthoritiesdecidedthiswasagoodtimeofayeartotrytoraisepeople’sspirits,andin2002theysetuptheWinterLightsFestival.StartingoutasMuseumNight,whenmuseumswaivedtheirfeesandstayedopenuntilmidnight,thefestivalhasgrowntoaneventthatmarkstheingreturnofdaylight.Forafewdays,thecityesalivewithbrightlights,streetperformances,theater,dances,andlivemusic.Shops,cafés,outdoorhotpoolsandthemuseumsstayopenuntil12:00p.m.andthey’reallfreeofcharge,withfreebusservicesprovided.HereareanothertwothingsaboutReykjavikthatwillhelpyoucelebratetheingendofwinter.TheBlueLagoonisIceland’smostfamoustouristattraction.Beinganamazingplaceatanytimeofday,itismagicalatdusk,whenthesteamy,icebluewatersshineincolor.Littlewoodenbridgesandwalkwaysconnectsmallerpoolswithalargerpool,whichcontainsgeothermal(地热的)seawaterheatedfrom37℃to39℃.TheLavaRestauranthasgreatviewsoverthewaters.Basicentrancetothelagooncosts$44.TheImaginePeaceTower,YokoOno’smemorialtoJohnLennon,wasfirstlitbyOnoonOctober9,2007,Lennon’sbirthday,andshoneuntilDecember8,thedatehewaskilledin1980.It’slitonthesamedateeveryyear,aswellasNewYear’sEveandthespringequinox,whichin2013isonMarch20.Thetowercontains15searchlightsthatsendacolumnoflights4,000mupintothenightsky.Guidedtoursareavailable(可获得的)withpickupfromyourhotelfor$39.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。冰岛靠近北极圈,冬天日照极短。本文主要介绍了冰岛首都Reykjavik的WinterLights节,BlueLagoon和ImaginePeaceTower。1.TheWinterLightsFestivalwassetupto______.

A.attracttourists B.lightthecityupC.cheerpeopleup D.wakepeopleup【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thelocalauthoritiesdecidedthiswasagoodtimeofayeartotrytoraisepeople’sspirits,andin2002theysetuptheWinterLightsFestival”可知,政府设立冬季灯光节是为了振奋人们的精神。故选C。2.Theunderlinedword“waived”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“______”.

A.keptB.gaveupC.raisedD.cutoff【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Shops,cafés,outdoorhotpoolsandthemuseumsstayopenuntil12:00p.m.andthey’reallfreeofcharge,withfreebusservicesprovided”可知,商店、咖啡馆等一直营业到半夜,并且免费,还提供免费的班车。由此可推知,waivedtheirfees指的是不收费,因此gaveup(放弃)符合题意。故选B。3.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatcanweknow?A.YoucanonlyvisittheBlueLagoonatdusk.B.ThewateroftheBlueLagoonisbeautiful.C.TheLavaRestaurantisIceland’smostfamousrestaurant.D.$44cancoverallthecostswhenyouvisittheBlueLagoon.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“itismagicalatdusk,whenthesteamy,icebluewatersshineincolor”可知,BlueLagoon的水非常漂亮,尤其是在傍晚。根据第二段最后一句“Basicentrancetothelagooncosts$44”可知,去景区游览的基本费用是44美元,而不是所有的费用。故D项表述错误。A、C项在文中未提及。故选B。4.WhendidJohnLennonpassaway?A.OnOctober9,2007.B.OnMarch20,2013.C.OnDecember8,1980.D.OnNewYear’sEvein1980.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“shoneuntilDecember8,thedatehewaskilledin1980”可知,JohnLennon是在1980年12月8日去世的。故选C。【知识拓展】长难句分析TheImaginePeaceTower,YokoOno’smemorialtoJohnLennon,wasfirstlitbyOnoonOctober9,2007,Lennon’sbirthday,andshoneuntilDecember8,thedatehewaskilledin1980.分析:主干是TheImaginePeaceTowerwasfirstlitandshone.YokoOno’smemorialtoJohnLennon是TheImaginePeaceTower的同位语;Lennon’sbirthday是October9,2007的同位语;thedatehewaskilledin1980是December8的同位语。翻译:想象和平之塔,小野洋子为亡夫约翰列侬树立的纪念塔,于2017年9月9号(列侬生日)第一次被小野洋子点亮,直到12月8号才熄灭——列侬在这一天被杀害。B导学号BritishchemistDavidEvanshasbeeanovernightcelebrityonChinesesocialmedia.Hischemistryexperimentshaveattractedover2millionfollowersinjustafewmonths.EvansisachemistryprofessorattheBeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology.The60yearoldalwayswearsawhitelabcoat,apairofsafetygoggles(护目镜),andsmilesoften.Somewebuserssayhelooksjustlikethe“grandpaofKFC”.Evanshaspostedvideosofvariousexperiments.Hismostpopularexperimentshaveattractedmillionsofhitsonvideosharingapps.Excitedchildren’scheersandshoutscanbeheardinhisvideos.“Ihopemyexperimentscanarousepeople’sinterestinscience.”hesays.EvanshasbeeninterestedinChinasincechildhood.Intheearly1970s,beforethereformandopeningup,hevieweditasa“countryfullofmysteries”.HefirstvisitedtheChinesemainlandin1987toattendachemistryconferenceinNanjing,JiangsuProvince.HequithisjobintheUnitedKingdomandmovedtoBeijingin1996.Manyofhisfriendsthoughthewascrazy.ButEvanssaystheyjustsawChina’schallengesbutnotitspotential.Since2011,EvanshasturnedtotheInternettopopularizescience.Helearnedshortvideoappsarealsopopularinsmallcitiesandruralareas.Andherealizedthisenableshimtoreachmorestudents,wholackopportunitiestoperformfunexperiments.Butevenaoneminutevideorequiresaconsiderableamountofwork.Still,hethinksit’sworthittofulfillhisresponsibilitytopopularizescience.Hisexperimentsalwaysfillschools’lecturehallswithlaughter.Someviewerscallhim“aHarryPotterlikemagician”,buthedisagrees.“Amagiciannevertellsthesecretsbehindhistricks,butascientistalwaysgivesanexplanation.”Heseeshimselfasateacher.Heperformsexperimentstospreadknowledge,inspirethinking,removemisunderstandingsandshowthatsciencecancreatechange.Evanssayshelooksforwardtomore“chemicalreactions”withChina.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一位移居中国,并在网上发布化学实验短视频的英国化学家DavidEvans在中国的一些事迹。5.WhoisDavidEvansaccordingtothepassage?A.AmanagerofKFC. B.Afilmcelebrity.C.Achemistryteacher. D.ABritishmagician.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“EvansisachemistryprofessorattheBeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology.”可知埃文斯是北京化工大学的化学教授。故选C。6.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.EvansconsideredUKtobeacountryfullofmysteries.B.EvansfirstvisitedChinesemainlandinthe1970s.C.EvanswasinnomoodtomovetoBeijing.D.EvansattendedachemistryconferenceinChinain1987.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段“HefirstvisitedtheChinesemainlandin1987toattendachemistryconferenceinNanjing,JiangsuProvince.”可知埃文斯第一次访问中国大陆是在1987年,当时他要去江苏省南京市参加一个化学会议。故第三段讲述了埃文斯1987年来中国去江苏南京开会的事情,故D选项符合题意。7.WhydidEvansbegintopostvideosofexperimentsontheInternet?A.Topopularizescience.B.Torisetofame.C.Toapplyshortvideoapps.D.Tomakeafortune.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段“Still,hethinksit’sworthittofulfillhisresponsibilitytopopularizescience.”可知,尽管要付出巨大工作量,埃文斯仍然认为履行普及科学的责任是值得的。因此可知埃文斯在网上发布小视频的原因是为了普及科学,故选A。8.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Evansknowsexactlyhowamagicworks.B.EvanswillcontinuetopostvideosofexperimentsinChina.C.Evans’studentsliketointerrupthisexperimentswithlaughter.D.Evans’friendsadmiredhisdecisiontomovetoChina.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段“Evanssayshelooksforwardtomore“chemicalreactions”withChina.”可知,埃文斯期待与中国进行更多的“化学反应”。因此不管外界反应如何,他都将继续在中国发布实验视频,故选B。【知识拓展】佳词积累1.overnightadv.在夜里;过夜;突然 adj.整晚的;很快的2.celebrity n.名人;名声3.popularize vt.普及;使流行;使通俗化Ⅱ.阅读填句Thereareseveraldifferenttypesoffiredepartments.Somehirefulltimepaidfirefightersandsomearerunentirelybyvolunteers.1,afirefightermustgothroughstrictphysicalandacademictrainingtoensureastrongknowledgeoffiresafetyandthephysicalstrengthtohandlethetasksrequiredbymemberofafiredepartment.

Joiningafiredepartmentrequiresthatbothphysicalandwrittentestsarepassedwithscoresshowingathoroughknowledgeoffiresafety.2.

Thefirststepinjoiningafiredepartmentasapaidfirefighteristosubmitanapplicationaswellasacquiretheappropriatetraining.Usuallyfirefightersmusthaveahighschooldiploma,andsomepletetwoorfouryearprogramsinfirescienceatmunitycollegesanduniversities.3,andifacandidatealreadyhasconnectionsatafiredepartment,hemayapplyforapositionstraightoutofhighschool.

Onceacandidateappliesandisacceptedfortrainingatafiredepartment,hemustthenpleteseveralweeksoftrainingatthedepartment’strainingcenter.4.

Whenthisisdone,thecandidateissenttoafirepanyforaperiodofprobation(实习).Hehastocontinuetraininginthenewpositionwhilebeingdirectedbyexperiencedfirefighters.5.Anapplicationmustbesubmittedtothevolunteerfiredepartment,theniftheapplicationisaccepted,thecandidatewilltakeatrainingprogramandthenberequiredtopassaphysicalandwrittentest.Firefightersmustalsobeecertified(认证)asEmergencyMedicalTechnicians(EMTs).ThelevelofEMTcertificationisdeterminedbytheindividualdepartments.

A.AlthoughitisdemandingB.WhichevertypeisdesiredC.However,anacademicprogramisnotrequiredD.ForvolunteerfirefighterstheprocedureissimilarE.ButjoiningavolunteerfiredepartmentistotallydifferentF.TrainingconsistsofclassroomworkandpracticaltrainingG.Also,acandidatemustbeabletorespondquicklyinemergencies【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何申请成为一名消防员。1.【解析】选B。根据前句Thereareseveraldifferenttypesoffiredepartments.Somehirefulltimepaidfirefightersandsomearerunentirelybyvolunteers.有些公司雇佣全职的有薪消防员,有些则完全由志愿者管理,和后句可知,无论是哪种类型的消防员,都必须经过严格的身体和学术训练,以确保对消防安全有较强的知识和体力来处理消防队成员的任务。故选B。2.【解析】选G。前句讲述了加入消防部门的条件:需要通过身体和书面测试,成绩表明对消防安全有全面的了解。接下来讲述的仍然是条件:此外,申请者必须能够在紧急情况下迅速作出反应。故选G。3.【解析】选C。根据前句Usuallyfirefightersmusthaveahighschooldiploma,andsomepletetwoorfouryearprogramsinfirescienceatmunitycollegesanduniversities.通常消防队员必须有高中文凭,并在社区学院和大学完成一些两年制或四年的消防科学课程,和后句andifacandidatealreadyhasconnectionsatafiredepartment,hemayapplyforapositionstraightoutofhighschool.如果一个申请者已经在消防部门有联系,他可以直接从高中毕业申请职位,可知,在这种情况下,专业教学计划就不需要了。故选C。4.【解析】选F。根据前句Onceacandidateappliesandisacceptedfortrainingatafiredepartment,hemustthenpleteseveralweeksoftrainingatthedepartment’strainingcenter.一旦申请者申请并被消防部门接受培训,他必须在消防部门的培训中心完成数周的培训,接下来讲述的是培训内容即课堂工作和实践培训。故选F。5.【解析】选D。根据后句Anapplicationmustbesubmittedtothevolunteerfiredepartment,theniftheapplicationisaccepted,thecandidatewilltakeatrainingprogramandthenberequiredtopassaphysicalandwrittentest.申请必须提交给志愿消防部门,如果申请被接受,候选人将参加一个培训计划,然后需要通过身体和书面测试。可知,对于志愿消防员来说,程序是相似的。故选D。Ⅲ.应用文写作(2020·