电梯流量分析课件

RuleofThumb&SchindlerBenchmark.

基本原则和迅达基准

Introduction&Guidelines.

相关介绍和指引RuleofThumb&SchindlerBencRuleofThumb.

基本原则

AMethodicofbestguessoftheElevatorConfigurationneeded.

对电梯配置进行有条理和最有效预估的要素.RuleofThumb.

基本原则

AMethodiRuleofThumb.

基本原则

HowtoDesignanElevatorforanOfficeBuilding?

如何规划办公楼的电梯配置？DefinedBuildingPopulation?

确定大楼人数？DefinedHC5Requirement?

确定5分钟运载能力要求？DefinedWTRequirement?

确定候梯时间要求？

DefineNumberofElevators

确定电梯数量

DefineCarSpeed

确定电梯速度

DefineCarLoad

确定电梯载重.RuleofThumb.基本原则

HowtoDeRuleofThumb.

基本原则

EstimateNumbersofElevatorsneeded.

估算电梯数量•250personsperelevator

每台电梯服务250人•4-5floorsperelevator

每台电梯服务4-5个楼层•24floorsperelevatorgroup

每个梯组服务24个楼层.RuleofThumb.基本原则

EstimateOfficeBuilding.

办公楼

DefinetheCarSpeed.

确定电梯速度HQ=Travelheight(65mexamplebeside)

HQ=提升高度（假设左侧例子的提升高度为65米）T=Traveltimefrommainfloortotopfloorwithouttakingtimelossesintoaccountcausedbyaccelerationanddeceleration

T=从基站直驶到最高层站的时间，不考虑加减速等

额外时间RecommendedValuesforTravelTime

行程时间推荐值 -20secfortoprequirement

(examplebeside)

顶级标准为20秒（假设左侧例子如是） -25secformediumrequirement

中档标准为25秒 -32secbasicrequirement

普通标准为32秒VKN=HQ/T=65m/20s=3.25m/s.OfficeBuilding.办公楼

DefinetRuleofThumb.

基本原则

Summary.

综述.RuleofThumb.基本原则

Summary.RuleofThumb.

基本原则

RelationWT/INT.WT和INT的关系InterpretationofInterval

WaitingTime说明：间隔时间

候梯时间TherelationofintervalINTandaveragewaitingtimeWThasbeenexaminedforanumberofdifferentelevatorgroups.IthasfoundoutthattheratioWT/INTdependsverymuchontheelevatorgroupandonthearrivalrate(aspercentageofthemaximumhandlingcapacity).

经过对比不同梯组的电梯间隔时间和平均候梯时间，我们发现：WT/INT系数很大程度上取决于梯组配置和到达率（与5分钟运载能力最大值相等）Forassessinganelevatorgroup’smaximumperformance,theusualrelationof“WT=60%xINT”isnotrealistic.Betteruse“WT=80%xINT”oreven“WT=INT”.

要对电梯梯组的最大性能进行评估，惯常用的“WT=60%xINT”公式并不能反映真实情况，建议使用“WT=80%xINT”或“WT=INT”。.RuleofThumb.基本原则

RelationRuleofThumb.

基本原则

HowtoDefinetheCarLoadGQ?

确定电梯载重P=ArxINTP=Passengerspercar

(carloadedwith80%)

P=每个轿厢的乘客数量（轿厢满载率80%）Ar=Arrivalrate=arrivingpersonspersecond

Ar=到达率=每秒内到达的人数

INT=IntervalconsideringwaitingtimeWT=80%ofINT=>roughestimation

INT=间隔时间按WT=80%xINT考虑=>粗略估算ArrivalRateAr(example):到达率Ar（举例说明）：

Population=800,handlingcapacity=14%,arrivingpersons=112persons/5min

人数=800，运载能力=14%，到达人数112人/5分钟

Ar=0.3733persons/sec.Ar=0.37733人/秒IntervalINT(example):

间隔时间INT（举例说明）：

RequiredwaitingtimeWT=24sec

候梯时间要求WT=24秒Interval=(WT/80)x100=30sec

间隔时间=(WT/80)x100=30秒CarLoad

电梯载重

P=ArxINT=0.3733persons/secx30sec.

P=ArxINT=0.3733人/秒x30秒

=11.2personsconsidering80%carload=11.2人，80%轿厢满载率

=14.0personsconsidering100%carload=14.0人，100%轿厢满载率

GQ[100%]=14personsx75kg/person=1050kg=>choose1250Kg.RuleofThumb.基本原则

HowtoDeTrafficVision3.0

Overview

概览GivenInput

假设值:BuildingwithaPopulationof800

大楼总人数800人AmountoffloorsabovemainFloor=16

基站以上楼层数=16TravelHeightaround65m

提升高度大约为65米RequiredHC5=14%

要求HC5=14%RequiredaverageWTaround24sec

要求平均候梯时间WT约为24秒1. EstimatedNumberofElevators

估算电梯数量

NumberofElevators=4(800People/200PeopleperElevator)and (Flooramount/4floorservingperElevator)=>Highervalueshouldbeconsidered

电梯数量=4（800人/每台电梯服务200人），如同时使用另外一个公式（楼层数/每台电梯服务4个楼层）来计算电梯数量，应取两者的最大值。2. EstimatedSpeed

估算电梯速度

ElevatorSpeedtoreachtop/mediumleveltraveltimebetween20-25sec

V=HQ/t=20sec=65/20=3.25m/sexpectedspeed3m/s

如要满足顶级或中档要求，电梯的行程时间应在20-25秒之间

V=HQ/t=20秒=65/20=3.25米/秒，预期电梯速度为3米/秒。3. EstimatedCarload

估算电梯载重

INT=(WT/80)x100=(24/80)x100=30sec

Ar=(Population/100)*HC5/300=(800/100)*14/300=0.37333Persons/sec

P=Ar*INT=0.3733*30=11.2Persons(80%carload)100%carloadwouldbearound14.0Persons)estimatedcarload(75Kg/person)=1050Kgwouldfitwitha1250KgCarLoadDesign

P=Ar*INT=0.3733*30=11.2人(轿厢满载率80%)，如按100%轿厢满载率，人数约为14人，按75公斤/人，则电梯载重=1050公斤，向上取整得电梯载重1250公斤。.TrafficVision3.0

Overview概SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅达交通流量标准

.SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅DefinedTrafficSituations

确定交通状况SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅达交通流量标准

TrafficSituations(Criteria).

交通状况（标准）.DefinedTrafficSituations确定SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅达交通流量标准

StarRating(Criteria).

星级评定（标准）DefinedCriteria

确定标准.SchindlerTrafficStandards.SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅达交通流量标准

Guidelines.

指引ImportantNote:重点提示：AsaSchindlerguidelinealwaysfollowthefollowingrules.迅达指引总是遵循以下原则：Lookatthelowestratingofallanalysesofaproject.Then:查看项目里所有的分析数据，找出最低值，然后：3starsormoreareo.k.andrecommended.

如果达到三星级或以上，该电梯配置可行并可推荐。

2stars:Suchprojectsmustbeexaminedcarefully(includingasecondopinione.g.ofasuperior)andareonlyacceptedforgoodreasons.Youshouldbeawarethatsuchaprojectismarginalw.r.t.elevatorperformance,andwemightfacecriticalquestionsorproblemsrelatedtohighwaitingtimesetc.

二星级：这类项目必须仔细核实（如获取上级意见），如无充分理由将不予采纳。应当谨记这样的电梯配置其效能是相当低的，日后我们很可能会由于候梯时间等问题受到客户的质询。

1starorless:SuchprojectsmustberejectedbySchindler.Theelevatorperformanceispoor,andsuchinstallationsmaycausesevereproblemsanddamageSchindler‘sreputation.

一星级或以下：迅达必须拒绝承接这类项目。由于电梯的效能极差，在投入使用后会问题不断，直接影响迅达的声誉。.SchindlerTrafficStandards.OverviewReport(Example)报告概览（例子）Illustrationofananalysiswitharatingof2.6

,下图这个例子，该分析取得的星级是2.6correspondingtothefollowingperformancevalues:对应的性能数值为：HC5=10.4%,WT=43.1s(Projectisnotrecommended!)DefinedReportingStandards

确定报告标准

.OverviewReport(Example)DefinSchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅达交通流量标准

StarRatingforOfficeBuildings.

办公楼的星级STARCriteriaInterpretation:STARWordingComment*orlessUnsatisfactorySuchprojectsmustberejectedbySchindler.**MarginalBelowrecommendedperformancelevel;suchprojectsmustbeexaminedcarefully(includingasecondopinione.g.ofasuperior)andareonlyacceptedforgoodreasons.***SatisfactoryLevelforstandardofficebuildings.****GoodLevelformid-to-higherrequirements.*****VerygoodLevelforhighrequirements(suchasinternationalheadquarters,premiumsites).

.SchindlerTrafficStandards.SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅达交通流量标准

StarRatingforHotelBuildings.

酒店的星级STARCriteriaInterpretation:STARWordingComment*orlessUnsatisfactorySuchprojectsmustberejectedbySchindler.**MarginalBelowrecommendedperformancelevel;suchprojectsmustbeexaminedcarefully(includingasecondopinione.g.ofasuperior)andareonlyacceptedforgoodreasons.***SatisfactoryLevelforuptoapprox.3-starhotels.****GoodLevelforuptoapprox.4-starhotels.*****VerygoodLevelforuptoapprox.5-starhotels.

.SchindlerTrafficStandards.SchindlerTrafficStandards.

迅达交通流量标准

StarRatingforResidentialBuildings.

住宅楼的星级STARCriteriaInterpretation:STARWordingComment*orlessUnsatisfactorySuchprojectsmustberejectedbySchindler.**MarginalBelowrecommendedperformancelevel;suchprojectsmustbeexaminedcarefully(includingasecondopinione.g.ofasuperior)andareonlyacceptedforgoodreasons.***SatisfactoryLevelforlow-pricesegment.****GoodLevelformid-pricesegment.*****VerygoodLevelforhigh-pricesegment.

.SchindlerTrafficStandards.StarRating.

星级评定

Explanation.

说明SchindlerStarRatingDefinition.StarRating.星级评定

ExplanationStarRatingAutoSetting.

自动选取星级

ExplanationonOfficeBuildingUp-peak.

针对办公楼上行高峰模式的说明WT[sec]HC5[%]5202510153035401213141516113*4*5*3*4*5*4.75*4.75*AutoevaluationPointswheretheSystemfindstheoptimum

ofrating,meanswhereWTandHC5havethesameStarratinginourexample

4.75*系统自动选取星级点，在该点WT和HC5的星级值是一样的，如本例子为4.75*PerformanceCurveSimulationIfwewouldchoosemanuallythe

Valuesthesystemtakesthelowerone

fromHC5orWTinourexampleon13%HC5

itwouldbe3.5*如果我们要进行手动调整，系统会选取HC5或WT对应星级较小的数值，例如本例子HC5为13%时对应的星级是3.5*3.5*.StarRatingAutoSetting.自动选RelationtoCIBSEGuideD

与CIBSEGuideD的关系.RelationtoCIBSEGuideD

与CIBCIBSEGuideDRecommendationsCIBSEGuideD的推荐值

Recommendationsforofficebuildings(singleandmultipletenancy,standardandprestige),hotels,residentialbuildings,hospitals,schools.

各类推荐值包括办公楼（单租户和多租户，普通及高档），酒店，住宅，医院，学校。Recommendationsexpressedbyarrivalrateandinterval.

到达率和间隔时间的推荐值。Note:Trafficsituationsarenotclearlystated.

备注：对于交通状况并没有清晰的规定Detailsforoffice,hotels,residential:Seenextpages.

对于办公楼，酒店，住宅的详细介绍：请参阅下页。CIBSEGuideD

Overview

概述.CIBSEGuideDRecommendationsCCIBSEGuideDRecommendations(fromTable3.1)AssumedTrafficSituation:Up-PeakOfficeBuildings

办公楼

Comparison

对比

OfficeBuildingHC5INT“WT=0.8xINTor=INT”Singletenant(standard)12–15%25–30s20–30sSingletenant(prestige)13–17%20–25s16–25sMulti-tenant(standard)11–14%25–30s20–30sMulti-tenant(prestige)12–15%20–25s16–25s

SchindlerRatingTrafficSituation:Up-PeakOfficeBuildingHC5

WTAnytenancy(***=satisfactory)12–14%

20–30sAnytenancy(****=good)14–16%

15–20s

Notes:备注：SchindlerrecommendationsareclosetoCIBSEGui