2023-2024学年度北师大版选择性必修四Unit10Connections学案

2023-2024学年度北师大版选择性必修四Unit10Connections学案目标导航目标导航重点词汇1．theoryn．学说，理论2．chainn.一连串，一系列；链子，链条3．networkn.人际关系网，联络网；网络，网状系统4．parceln.包裹，邮包5．releasevt.&n.发表，发布；释放6．bimonthlyadj.两月一次的；一月两次的7．phrasen.成语，习语，警句8．clinicn．诊所，(医院)门诊部9．galleryn.美术馆，画廊10．groceryn.食品杂货；超级市场11．stadiumn.体育场，运动场12．bakeryn.面包烘房，糕饼店13．cafeterian.(工厂、学校等的)自助餐厅，食堂14．canteenn.(工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅15．suburbn.郊区，近郊，城郊16．forumn.(互联网上的)论坛，讨论区；讨论会，电视专题讨论节目17．conflictn.抵触，冲突，矛盾18．frictionn.不和，冲突，摩擦19．disturbvt.干扰，打扰，使中断20．closely－knitadj.紧密连结在一起的21．householdn.一家人，同住一栋房子的人22．outskirtsn.市郊，郊区，远离城市中心的地区23．bondn.纽带，联系24．stiffadj.挺的，硬的，不易弯曲的25．claspvt.握紧，抱紧n.紧握，紧抱26．proceedvi.继续进行，继续做27．revealvt.揭示，揭露；展现，显露28．tear－stainedadj.有泪痕的29．orphann.孤儿30．sighn．&vi.叹息，叹气31．despairn.绝望32．daren．&vi.胆敢，敢于33．bareadj.空的，无装饰的；赤裸的，裸露的34．shivern．&vi.颤抖，哆嗦，发抖35．bonen.骨头；骨质物36．sobn．&vi.&vt.抽噎，啜泣；哭诉37．pillown.枕头38．divevi.扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水39．frownvi.皱眉40．republicn.共和国41．loann.贷款42．debtn.债务，欠款43．documentn.公文，文件词汇拓展1．impressvi.&vt.使……有印象；使铭记，使记住；使感动→impressionn．印象，感想→impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的2．sociologyn．社会学→sociologistn．社会学家3．randomadj.随机的，随意的→randomlyadv.任意地；随机地；胡乱地4．intervenevi.干涉，干预→interventionn．干涉，干预5．disagreevi.不同意；不一致→disagreementn．意见不合，分歧，争论6．envyvt.羡慕，妒忌→enviousadj.羡慕的；嫉妒的7．encouragevt.鼓励，怂恿；激励→encouragementn．鼓励，鼓舞，起激励作用的事物→encouragingadj.令人鼓舞的；鼓励的8．apologisevi.道歉，谢罪→apologyn．道歉；辩解9．additionn．相加，增加物；加，加法；增加的人或事物→additionaladj.附加的；额外的；外加的→additionallyadv.除此之外，此外10．frequentadj.频繁的；经常的→frequentlyadv.经常地，频繁地→frequencyn．频率；频繁11．consequencen．后果→consequentadj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequentlyadv.因此；结果；所以12．adoptvi.&vt.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度→adoptedadj.收养的，领养的→adoptiveadj.采用的；有收养关系的→adoptionn．采用；收养13．freezevi.&vt.呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结→freezingadj.结冰的；极冷的→frozenadj.冻结的14．amazevt.使吃惊→amazingadj.令人惊异的→amazedadj.大为惊奇的，惊讶的→amazementn．吃惊，惊奇15．investigatevi.&vt.查明，调查，侦探→investigationn．调查；调查研究16．resoluteadj.坚决的；果断的→resolutelyadv.坚决地，坚定地→resolutionn．解决；决心17．appealvi.有吸引力vi.&vt.呼吁，恳请；上诉→appealingadj.吸引人的；动人的18．empiren．帝国；帝王统治，君权→emperorn．皇帝19．sorrown．悲伤，悲痛；不幸→sorrowfuladj.悲伤的，伤心的20．forgivevt.原谅，宽恕→forgivenessn．原谅，宽恕21．interruptvi.&vt.打断(某人的)讲话，中断(某人的)行动，打扰→interruptionn．中断；干扰22．legaladj.法律的；法律允许的，合法的→illegaladj.非法的；违法的重点词组1．referto提到；谈到；查阅；参考；涉及；指的是2．beconnectedto与……有联系，与……有关联3．nomorethan只是；仅仅；不多于4．bebasedon根据，以……为基础5．mostrecently最近6．thinkabout考虑7．dueto由于；因为8．afterall毕竟；终究9．believein信仰；信任10．hangout闲待，厮混11．comeup发生；走近；发芽；被提出12．geton/alongwith与……相处13．sortout挑选出；分类14．fromthenon从那时起15．be/getinvolvedin卷入，参与16．ratherthan而不是17．consistof由……组成；由……构成18．burstinto突然……起来；闯入19．inamazement惊讶地，吃惊地20．leave...alone不打扰；不干涉；不管，不过问21．sendoff寄出；派遣；给……送行22．decideon决定；选定23．pickup捡起；接收(信号)；(无意中)学会24．awidevarietyof种种，多种多样的25．appealto呼吁；上诉；对……有吸引力26．participatein参加27．keepaneyeon照看；留意；密切注视28．setup建立29．inreturnfor作为……的报答知识精讲知识精讲1conflictn．抵触，冲突，矛盾vi.抵触，冲突Thegovernmenthasdonenothingtoresolvetheconflictovernurses'pay.政府未采取任何措施来解决护士工资问题引发的冲突。[知识拓展]inconflictwith... 与……冲突/矛盾comeintoconflictwithsb. 与某人发生矛盾/冲突conflictwith 与……冲突2disagreementn．意见不合，分歧，争论Thereisdisagreementamongarchaeologistsastotheageofthesculpture.考古学家在这尊雕塑的年代问题上意见不一。[知识拓展](1)disagreewithsb.(on/about/oversth.) (就某事)与某人意见不合disagreewith(doing)sth. 不赞成(做)某事disagreewithsth. 与某事物不符/不一致disagreewithsb. (食物、气候等)不适合某人(2)agreewith 同意某人的看法；(气候、食物等) 适宜；与……一致agreeto 同意计划、安排、建议等agreeon 就……达成一致3envyvt.&n.羡慕，嫉妒Quiteafewschoolmatesenviedandadmiredherforhergoodlookandintelligence.不少同学嫉妒她的美貌和才华。[知识拓展]envysb.sth. 羡慕某人……outofenvy 出于嫉妒betheenvyof... 成为……嫉妒/羡慕的对象withenvy 羡慕地；嫉妒地4encouragementn．鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物Withalittleencouragementfromhisparentsheshoulddowell.只要父母给点鼓励，他应该会干得很好。[知识拓展](1)encouragevt. 激励，鼓舞encouragesb.todosth. 激励某人做某事(2)encouragedadj. 受到鼓舞的encouragingadj. 令人鼓舞的5hangout闲待，厮混(教材原句P107)ThelastpersonItookaphotoofwasmysisterDaisywhenwewerehangingoutlastweekendatthepark.上个周末我们在公园闲逛的时候，我最后一个拍照片的人是我妹妹黛西。Idon'talwayswanttohangoutwiththegroup.我可不想总是和这群人混在一起。[知识拓展]hangon 紧紧抓住；稍等hangontosth. 抓住某物hangup 挂断电话hangaround 闲逛6disturbvt.干扰，打扰，使中断(教材原句P107)...anditwasreallydisturbingus.……这真的让我们很不安。Idreamabouthim，dreamssovividthattheydisturbmefordays.我几次梦见了他，梦境如此逼真，我好几天都心神不宁。[知识拓展]disturbingadj. (事物等)引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturbedadj. 心烦意乱的；不安的7apologisevi.道歉，谢罪(教材原句P107)...andtheyapologisedandsaidtheywouldmakelessnoisefromthenon.……他们道歉说，从那时起他们会减少噪音。ImustapologisethatifIoffendedyouIdidn'tmeanto.我必须向您道歉，如果冒犯了您，我不是有意的。[知识拓展](1)apologisetosb.for(doing)sth.因为(做)某事向某人道歉(2)apologyn. 道歉，认错，愧悔make/offeranapologytosb.for(doing)sth.为(做)某事向某人道歉8referto查阅；参考；谈到；指的是(教材原句P8)“SixDegreesofSeparation”referstothetheorythatanypersononEarthcanbeconnectedtoanyotherpersonthroughachainofnomorethanfiveotherpeople.“六度分隔”理论说的是地球上任何人都可通过不超过另外五个人与一个陌生人联系起来。Imentionthispointnowinpassingandshallrefertoitagain.这一点现在顺便提一下，以后还会讲到。[知识拓展](1)refersb./sth.tosb./sth. 让找……处理；让……找/查referto...as... 把……称为……(2)referencen. 参考，查阅；提及9impressionn．印象，感想(教材原句P8)TheHungarianauthorFrigyesKarinthypublishedabookcalledEverythingIsDifferentin1929，inwhichheintroducedtheideaoffriendshipnetworksandhisideasinfluencedmanyofourearlyimpressionsofsocialnetworks.匈牙利作家弗里吉斯·考林蒂在1929年出版了一本名为《一切皆不同》的书，书中介绍了朋友关系网的概念，许多早期关于社交网络的构想都受到他思想的影响。HistriptoIndiamadeastrongimpressiononhim.他的印度之行对他的触动很大。[知识拓展](1)haveanimpressionofsth./doingsth.对(做)某事有印象makeanimpressiononsb. 给某人留下印象makenoimpressionon 对……无影响/效果givesb.afavorableimpression 给某人留下好印象(2)impressv. 留下印象impresssth.on/uponone'smind 把……牢记在心上10强调句(教材原句P9)Itwasthisresearchthatinspiredthephrase“SixDegreesofSeparation”．正是这项研究启发了“六度分隔”这一说法。句式分析：本句是一个强调句，强调主语thisresearch。ItwasinMaythatyoucanseethiskindofflower.你在五月可以看到这种花。ItwasherEnglishteacherthatthegirlloves.这女孩爱的是她的英语老师。[知识拓展](1)强调结构的陈述式为“Itis(was)＋被强调部分＋that(who)...”。该结构可用于强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语动词。该句式中用that或who的区别是：当被强调部分是指人时，用that或who均可；当被强调部分不是指人时，则只能用that(注意不用which)。(2)一般疑问句的强调结构就是将be提到句首，即使用“Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that/who...”。特殊疑问句的强调结构句型为“疑问词(Who/What/When/Where/Why/How)＋is/wasitthat...”。11additionallyadv.除此以外，此外(教材原句P108)Additionally，therewasverylittlecrime.此外，犯罪率很低。YoucanpaybillsovertheInternet.Additionally，youcancheckyourbalanceororderstatements.你可以在网上支付账单。此外，你还能查对余额或订货结算单。[知识拓展](1)additionn． 相加；增加物；加法inaddition 另外，此外inadditionto 除……以外(2)additionaladj. 增加的，额外的；另外的12frequentlyadv.经常地；频繁地(教材原句P108)Theyvisitedeachotherandfrequentlyorganisedcommunitycelebrations.他们互相拜访，经常组织社区庆祝活动。Bythistimeshewasinherninetiesandneededhelpmoreandmorefrequently.到这个时候她已经90多岁了，越来越频繁地需要帮助。[知识拓展]frequentadj. 时常发生的，频繁的，常见的frequencyn. 频繁，频率13consequencen．后果(教材原句P108)Well，theconsequencesofthechangefollowedquickly.嗯，变化的结果很快就发生了。Thisdecisioncouldhaveseriousconsequencesfortheindustry.这项决定可能对该行业造成严重后果。[知识拓展](1)asaconsequence＝inconsequence 结果，因此asaconsequenceof＝inconsequenceof 由于；因为……的缘故answerfortheconsequences 对后果负责take/suffer/beartheconsequences 承担后果beofnoconsequence(tosb.) 对……无关紧要(2)consequentadj. 结局的，由某事物引起consequentlyad 因而，所以14adoptvi.&vt.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度(教材原句P14)Theyapplytoadoptaboyfromanorphanageastheyneedhelpontheirfarm.他们申请领养一个孤儿院的男孩，因为他们的农场需要帮助。Aftermuchdeliberation，thepresidentdecidedtoadopthersuggestion.总经理经过再三考虑后，决定采纳她的建议。[知识拓展](1)adoptanidea/aplan 采纳意见/计划adoptachild 领养孩子(2)adoptionn. 采纳，采用，过继adoptedadj. 收养的，领养的；外来的adoptedwords 外来词15freezevi.&vt.呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结(教材原句P14)...shefrozeinamazement.……她惊呆了。Tendegreesoffrosthadfrozenthelockonthecar.零下十摄氏度把轿车上的锁冻住了。[知识拓展](1)freezetodeath (把某人)冻死(2)freezingadj. 冰冷的；极冷的below/abovefreezing 冰冻以下/上thefreezingpoint 冰点freezingcold 极冷(3)frozenadj. (河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的16burstintotears突然大哭(教材原句P14)I'mgoingtoburstintotears!我马上就要哭出来了！Sheburstintotearsandranfromthekitchen.她突然哭起来，跑出了厨房。[知识拓展](1)burstinto＋n. 突然(开始做某事)burstoutdoing 突然出现；突然发生burstintolaughter＝burstoutlaughing 突然大笑起来burstintotears＝burstoutcrying 突然大哭起来(2)burstforth 突然爆发，冒出burstin(on/upon) 突然插嘴，打扰，突然闯入17investigatevi.&vt.查明，调查，侦查(教材原句P15)You'llhavetostayhereuntilweinvestigatethisaffair.在我们搞清楚这件事之前，你先待在这儿。Thisisnotthefirsttimehehasbeeninvestigatedbythepoliceforfraud.这不是警方第一次调查他是否有欺诈行为。[知识拓展](1)investigatorn． 调查员(2)investigationn. 调查underinvestigation 在调查中carryoutinvestigation 开展调查makesocialinvestigation 进行社会调查18thereisnoneedtodosth....(教材原句P14)Well，well，there'snoneedtocrysoaboutit.好啦，好啦，没必要为这事儿哭成这样。句式分析：本句中的thereisnoneedtodosth.属于存现句。Thereisnoneedforyoutogetupearlytomorrow.你明天不必早起。Everythingisfinewithme，thereisnoneedforyoutobeconcerned.这里一切都好，不用牵挂。[知识拓展]存现句的常考句型还有：Thereisnodoubtthat... ……不容置疑/毫无疑问Thereisnopoint/senseindoingsth. 做某事毫无意义19with复合结构(教材原句P15)Midwaybetweentableandbedwasthewindow，withanicywhitecurtainoverit．桌子和床的中间有一扇窗，窗上挂着一块冰白色的窗帘。句式分析：本句中的withanicywhitecurtainoverit是“with＋n.＋介词短语”构成的with复合结构。Shesaidgood­byewithtearsinhereyes.她含着眼泪说了声再见。Themanwasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.这个人头枕着胳膊睡着了。[知识拓展]除了“with＋n.＋介词短语”外，with复合结构还有以下结构：(1)with＋n.＋形容词(2)with＋n.＋副词(3)with＋n.＋现在分词(4)with＋n.＋过去分词(5)with＋n.＋动词不定式语法语法精讲过去时的被动语态[观察例句]1．Aftertheaccident，theinjuredweretakentohospital.2．Theclassroomwascleanedbyusyesterday.3．Bythetimehegottotheschool，thefirstperiodhadbeenfinished.4．Hesaidtheproductioncostshadbeenreduced.5．AnotherbridgewasbeingbuiltovertheChangjiangRiverthen.[归纳用法](一)一般过去时的被动语态1．一般过去时被动语态的构成表示过去经常性、习惯性被动动作或过去某一时刻发生的被动性动作。主语(动作承受者)＋was/were＋过去分词(＋by＋施动者)构成。2．一般过去时被动语态的用法一般过去时被动语态表示过去经常性、习惯性被动动作或过去某一时刻发生的被动性动作。Thisbridgewasbuiltlastyear.这座桥是去年建的。Volleyballwasoftenplayedinthisplayground.这个操场上过去经常有人打排球。(二)过去完成时的被动语态1．过去完成时被动语态的形式过去完成时的被动语态有以下三种形式：(1)肯定结构：主语＋hadbeendone＋其他成分(2)否定结构：主语＋hadnotbeendone＋其他成分(3)疑问句结构：had＋主语＋beendone＋其他成分；疑问词＋had＋主语＋beendone＋其他成分2．过去完成时被动语态的用法(1)表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by，before等引导的时间状语连用。Theclassroomhadn'tbeencleanedbeforetheteachercame.(2)在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。Theboywasremindedthathishomeworkhadnotbeenhandedin.(3)根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。Astheassignmenthadbeendone，hewentontosearchtheInternet.另：当从句由after，before，when或assoonas引导时，主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。Theylockedthedoorbeforetheyleft.(三)过去进行时的被动语态1．过去进行时的被动语态的概念表示过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动性的动作。过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were＋being＋动词的过去分词Theywereplantingtreesatthistimeyesterday.(主动语态)Treeswerebeingplantedbythematthistimeyesterday.(过去进行时被动语态)2．过去进行时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成(1)过去进行时态的被动语态的肯定式为：was/were＋being＋done。Computerwasbeingmajoredbyhimduringhiscollege.他那时正在大学学计算机专业。(2)过去进行时态的被动语态的否定式为：was/were＋not＋being＋done。Thecarwasn'tbeingrepairedbymethen.那时这辆车不是我修理的。(3)过去进行时态的被动语态的一般疑问句需将was/were提到主语的前面。(回答是用yes或no)Wasanewlibrarybeingputupintheirschooljustthen？他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗？(4)过去进行时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词＋was/were＋(主语)＋being＋done。Whatwasbeingdonetothemachine？对这台机器采取了什么措施？3．过去进行时态的被动语态的用法(1)过去进行时态的被动语态表示过去正在进行的被动动作。Hewasbeinginterviewedbyourheadmasterthen.那时他正在接受我们校长的采访。(2)过去进行时态的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用，这时需要用完成时态的被动语态。Thehouseovertherehasbeenbuiltfortwomonths.(3)少数及物动词的进行时表示按计划、安排将要承受某个动作。Somerockmusicisbeingplayedbythemnext.下面将由他们演奏一些摇滚音乐。单句语法填空①Manytrees(plant)inourschoollastmonth，whichmadeourschoolmorebeautiful.②Manyforeignfilms(show)onTVsincelastmonth.③Shetoldmethatshe(dismiss)byherboss.④Theboy(operate)onwhenhisparentshurriedtothehospital.【答案】1.wereplanted2.havebeenshown3.hadbeendismissed4.wasbeingoperatedⅠ.单句语法填空1．Howmanybuildings(destroy)whenthehurricaneended?2．Intheearlyperiodofthe17thcentury，Chinesetea(export)toEurope.3．Themediareportedmorethan1，000people(kill)intheearthquake.4．Somenotes(pass)uptothespeaker.5．Thecollege(build)atthistimelastyear.6．Thebookwhichhadbeenlostwasfoundand(return)tothelibrary.7．Thehouse(paint)whenwearrivedathishome.8．Trees(plant)herethistimelastyear.【答案】1.hadbeendestroyed2.wasexported3.hadbeenkilled4.werepassed5.wasbeingbuilt6.wasreturned7.wasbeingpainted8.werebeingplantedⅡ.短文语法填空ItwasthenightbeforeChristmas.Thesnow1.(fall)foraweek，andtheentiretown2.(cover)withsnow.Ineveryhouse，thechildrenhadalreadygonetobed，3.theydreamedaboutnewtoys.Theirparentswerestillawake.Presents4.(take)outoftheirhidingplace，and5.(wrap)withpaperandbows.I6.(scold)fornotfinishingmyhomeworkwhenaloudnoisecame.Werushedoutofthehouseandfoundacarcrashedintoabigtree.Thedriver7.(trap)inthecar.Wecalled8.anambulanceatonceandtried9.(get)thedriveroutofthecar.Finally，theambulancearrivedandthedriver10.(sent)tothehospital.【答案】1.hadbeenfallen2.wascovered3.where4.weretaken5.werewrapped6.wasbeingscolded7.wastrapped8.for9.toget10.wassent写作园地写作园地故事类本单元写作项目是写一篇新闻报道，属于记叙文写作范畴。[基本框架]开头(thebeginning)——引出故事主体(themiddle)——具体过程结尾(theending)——自我感受[常用词块]1．putonmanyperformances举办了许多场演出2．focusontheenvironmentprotection注重环境保护3．raisedourawarenessofprotectingourearth提高了我们保护地球的意识4．makeoursocietyaharmoniousworld使我们的社会成为一个和谐的世界5．haveaheateddiscussionabout对……进行了热烈讨论6．contributealottoourproject对我们的项目有很多贡献[常用语句]★精彩开头1．Onthemorningof...，Chinasuccessfullysentup...2．Manycountriesaroundtheworldsenttheircongratulations.★丰满主体1．Upontheirarrival，LiYueandZhangHuawerewarmlywelcomed，andrespectfully，theypresentedtheelderlywithflowersandfruits.2．Whenitwastimeforthevolunteerstoleave，theelderlypeoplethankedthemfortheirkindness.★余味结尾1．Itishightimethattheauthoritiesconcernedtookproperstepstosolve...2．Ibelievewecancertainlyovercomethedisasterwiththepublicandthegovernmentworkingtogether.例文假定你是李华，你校于上周举办了有关中国古典音乐的音乐节。请你为校英语报写一篇报道，内容包括：1．活动时间、地点及参加人员；2．活动内容；3．活动反响。注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。AChineseClassicalMusicFestivalLastweek，ourschoolheldaChineseclassicalmusicfestivalintheconcerthalltopromoteChinesetraditionalculture.Allthestudentsparticipatedinit.Duringthefestival，classicswereplayedbyChineseclassicalinstruments，suchaserhuandChinesezither，wereamazing，amongwhichHighMountainandFlowingWaterdrewthemostattention.Also，whatinterestedthestudentsmostwasthatanopportunitywasprovidedtolearntheseinstrumentsfromsomeexperts.Thefestivalisagreatsuccess.Alltheteachersandstudentshaverealizedthatweshouldberesponsibleforinheritingandpopularizingourtraditionalculture.练习假定你是李华，上周你校举办了主题为“把握今天(SeizingToday)”的英语演讲比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1．时间和地点；2．参赛人员与比赛内容；3．活动反响。注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】AnEnglishspeechcontestwiththethemeSeizingTodaywasheldinourschoolhalllastFridaymorning，whichdrewtheattentionofeverystudentandteacher.Twentystudentsfromdifferentclassescompetedinit.Alltheparticipantsmadewonderfulspeechesaroundthetheme.Attheendofthecontest，twoforeignteacherscommentedonseveralparticipants'speechesandgavesomehelpfulsuggestions.Finally，therewasanawardceremonyforthewinners.ItisnotonlyagoodchancetohelpthestudentsimprovetheiroralEnglishbutalsoenrichesourschoollife.分层提分分层提分题组A基础过关练一.单词拼写1．Thegovernmenthasdecidedto(释放)someprisoners.2．Thecompetitorswillbesubjectto(随意的)drugtesting.3．Istherealwaysa(冲突)betweenscienceandreligion?4．Thecouncilrecentlydrewfireforits(干预)inthedispute.5．Goand(道歉)toherforwhatyouhavesaidtoher.6．Ifyougetupearly，trynotto(打扰)everyoneelse.7．Ialsohadfriendswhogavemeagreatdealof(鼓励)．8．I(羡慕)youhavingsuchaclosefamily.9．In(理论)，thesemachinesshouldlastfortenyearsormore.10．Thescalescanbeusedtoweighotheritemssuchas(包裹)．【答案】1.ervention5.apologise6.disturb7.encouragement8.envy9.theory10.parcels二.单句语法填空1．Wehavenothingbutpraiseforthewaytheyhandledthe(investigate)．2．Wewereforcedtoworkoutsidein(freeze)conditions.3．SheproducedaTVseriesabout(adopt)children.4．Dryhaircanbedamagedbywashingittoo(frequent)．5．Twohundredpeoplelosttheirjobsadirectconsequenceofthemerger.6．ThereisnodoubtitwasanaccidentandIbearnogrudges.7．Withtheexam(come)nextweek，Ihavenotimeforasociallife.8．Suddenlythedooropenedandthechildrenburst．9．WedrovetotheairportthenextmorningtopickSusan.10．Iwasthedepthsofdespairwhenthebabywassick.【答案】1.investigation2.freezing3.adopted4.frequently5.as6.that7.coming8.in9.up10.in题组B能力提升练语法填空BrunoMarswasbornintoaverymusicalfamilyinHawaii.Whenhewasyoung，heoftenperformedonthestagewithhisfamily，1.________gavehimfullconfidenceandexperience.Aftergraduatingfromhighschool，Bruno2.________(decide)tomovetoLosAngelestobuildhismusiccareer.Itwasn'teasy，though.Hewasusedtogivingperformances3.________(regular)asamusicianinHawaii.ButinLosAngelescompetitionwasmuch4.________(strong)，soBrunohadahardtimebreakingintothemusicindustry.5.________thedesiretogiveupwasgreat，heneverdid.Brunofoundthathecouldmakemoneyandbecomefamousbywritingsongsforfamoussingers.In2010Bruno6.________(ask)torecordoneofhissongs，whichrocketedtothetopofthecharts.Thatsameyearhereleasedhisfirstoriginalsong，“JusttheWayYouAre”.7.________alsohitnumberone.Thesong's8.________(succeed)broughtBrunoinstantfameandstarstatus.SincethenBrunoMars9.________(receive)numerousmusicawardsandhonors.Hehassoldmorethan130millionrecords，makinghimoneofthebest­sellingartistsever.Manyofhisfansandpeersconsiderhimamusicalgeniusandoneoftheworld'sbest10.________(performer)．【语篇解读】本文讲述了美国男歌手BrunoMars的成名故事。1．which考查定语从句。句意：当他小时候，他经常和家人在舞台上表演，这给了他充分的信心和经验。空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，故填which。2．decided考查动词时态。句意：高中毕业后，Bruno决定搬到洛杉矶发展他的音乐事业。根据前文的“Aftergraduatingfromhighschool”可知此处描述过去发生的事情，需要用一般过去时态，故填decided。3．regularly考查副词。句意：他习惯于作为音乐家定期在夏威夷演出。修饰动词短语givingperformances用副词，故填regularly。4．stronger考查比较级。句意：但在洛杉矶，竞争更加激烈，所以Bruno很难进入音乐行业。根据句意以及前文的比较级修饰词much可知，此处需要用形容词比较级，比较夏威夷和洛杉矶的竞争，故填stronger。5．Although/Though/While考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然他很想放弃，但他从来没有放弃过。根据句意，前后是让步关系，Although/Though/While表示“尽管、虽然”，符合句意，故填Although/Though/While。6．wasasked考查时态语态。句意：2010年，Bruno被邀请录制他的一首歌，这首歌迅速蹿升至排行榜榜首。根据“in2010”可知此处是描述过去发生的事情，需要用一般过去时，主语Bruno和谓语动词ask之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填wasasked。7．It/That考查代词。句意：它也成了第一名。此处指代hisfirstoriginalsong，“JusttheWayYouAre”。所以用表示单数的代词it或that，故填It/That。8．success考查名词。句意：这首歌的成功迅速给Bruno带来了名气和明星地位。本句用名词success在句中作主语，表示单数概念，故填success。9．hasreceived考查动词时态。句意：从那以后，Bruno获得了无数的音乐奖项和荣誉。由“Sincethen”可知应该使用现在完成时，主语BrunoMars是单数，故填hasreceived。10．performers考查名词的单复数。句意：他的许多歌迷和同行都认为他是一个音乐天才，也是世界上最好的表演者之一。oneof＋名词复数，故填performers。题组C培优拔尖练Theresearcherssayapersonlosestwomonthsforeverykilogramoverweighttheyare—andsevenyearsforsmokingapacketofcigarettesaday.Unusually，theEdinburghUniversityteamfoundtheiranswersbyanalysingdifferencesinpeople’sgeneticcodeorDNA.Finallytheythinkitwillshownewwaysofhelpingustolivelonger.Thegroupusedthegeneticcodeofmorethan600，000peoplewhoaretakingpartinanaturalexperiment.Ifsomeonesmokes，drinks，dropsoutofschoolandisoverweight，itcanbedifficulttoidentifytheimpactofonespecificunhealthybehaviour.Instead，theresearchersturnedtothenaturalexperiment.Somepeoplecarrymutations(变异)intheirDNAthatincreaseappetite(食欲)ormakethemmorelikelytoputonweight，soresearcherswereabletocomparethoseprogrammedtoeatmorewiththosewhowerenot.TheresearchteamalsofoundspecificmutationsinhumanDNAthat