阅读长难句verbal考点突破

AlthoughatfirstthecoloniesheldlittlepositiveattractionfortheEnglish—theywouldratherhavestayedhome—bytheeighteenthcenturypeopleincreasinglymigratedtoAmericabecausetheyregardeditasthelandofopportunity.1{Althoughatfirstthecoloniesheldlittlepositiveattraction2[fortheEnglish]—3theywouldratherhavestayedhome}—4[bytheeighteenthcentury]peopleincreasinglymigratedtoAmerica5{becausetheyregardeditastheland6[of介词结构倒装。fortheEnglishattraction介词结构倒装。bytheeighteenthcenturymigrated介词结构倒装。ofopportunityland18世纪的时候，越来越多的人移民到美国，因为他们将美国视为一片充Theenclosedseasareanimportantfeatureoftheearth’ssurface,andseriouslyrequireexplanationbecause,inadditiontotheenclosedseasthataredevelopingatpresentbehindislandarcs,thereareanumberofolderonesofpossiblysimilarorigin,suchastheGulfofMexico,theBlackSea,andperhapstheNorthSea.Theenclosedseasareanimportantfeature1[oftheearth’ssurface],2{and3theenclosedseasseriouslyrequireexplanation4{because,5[inadditiontotheenclosedseas6[thataredevelopingatpresent7[behindislandarcs]],thereareanumberofolderones8[ofpossiblysimilarorigin],9[suchastheGulfofMexico,theBlackSea,andperhapstheNorthSea]}}.介词结构倒装。oftheearth’ssurfaceimportantfeature介词结构倒装。inadditionto…behindislandarcsanumberofolderones介词结构倒装。behindislandarcsdeveloping介词结构倒装。ofpossiblysimilaroriginones介词结构倒装。suchas…theNorthSeaonesMeggersacceptedthatfishandturtleresourcesoftheAmazonmadepossiblethelongriversidevillagestheexplorerOrellanadescribedin1542,butshedismissedasexaggeratedCarvajal’sestimatesoftensofthousandsofpeopleinthosesettlements,andshewassurethosesettlementsdidnothaveinlandcounterparts.Meggersaccepted1{thatfishandturtleresourcesoftheAmazonmadepossible2[thelongriversidevillages3[thattheexplorerOrellanadescribedin1542]]},butshedismissedasexaggerated4[Carvajal’sestimates5[oftensofthousandsofpeople]6[inthosesettlements]],andshewassure7{thatthosesettlementsdidnothaveinlandcounterparts}.宾语倒装。thelongriversidevillagestheexplorerOrellanadescribedin1542宾语倒装。Carvajal’sestimatesoftensofthousandsofpeopleinthosedismiss介词结构倒装。oftensofthousandsofpeopleestimates介词结构倒装。inthosesettlementspeopleMeggersOrellana1542年描述的Recentlyfederalpolicymakershaveadoptedanapproachintendedtoacceleratedevelopmentoftheminoritybusinesssectorbymovingawayfromdirectlyaidingsmallminorityenterprisesandtowardsupportinglarger,growth-orientedminorityfirmsthroughintermediarycompanies.Recentlyfederalpolicymakershaveadoptedanapproach1[intendedtoacceleratedevelopment2[oftheminoritybusinesssector]3[bymovingawayfromdirectlyaidingsmallminorityenterprises4{and5bymovingtowardsupportinglarger,growth-orientedminorityfirms6[throughintermediarycompanies]}]].分词结构倒装。intendedto…throughintermediarycompaniesapproach介词结构倒装。oftheminoritybusinesssectordevelopment介词结构倒装。bymovingaway…throughintermediarycompanies介词结构倒装。throughintermediarycompaniessupportingDuringthenineteenthcentury,sheargues,theconceptofthe“useful”childwhocontributedtothefamilyeconomygavewaygraduallytothepresent-daynotionofthe“useless”childwho,thoughproducingnoincomefor,andindeedextremelycostlyto,itsparents,isyetconsideredemotionally“priceless”.Duringthenineteenthcentury,sheargues,theconcept1[ofthe“useful”child]2[whocontributedtothefamilyeconomy]gavewaygraduallytothepresent-daynotion3[ofthe“useless”child]4[who,5{though6childproducingnoincomefor,indeedextremelycostlyto,itsparents}},isyetconsideredemotionally介词结构倒装。oftheuseful”childconcept介词结构倒装。oftheuselesschildnotionThefactorsfavoringunionizationdrivesseemtohavebeeneitherthepresenceoflargenumbersofworkers,asinNewYorkCity,tomakeitworththeeffort,ortheconcentrationofsmallnumbersinoneortwolocations,suchasahospital,tomakeitrelativelyeasy.Thefactors1[favoringunionizationdrives]seemtohavebeen2{eitherthepresence3[oflargenumbersofworkers],4[asinNewYorkCity],5[tomakeitworththeeffort],ortheconcentration6[ofsmallnumbers]7[inoneortwolocations],8[suchasahospital],9[tomakeitrelativelyeasy]}.分词结构倒装。favoringunionizationdrivesfactors介词结构倒装。oflargenumbersofworkerspresence介词结构倒装。asinNewYorkCityworkers介词结构倒装。tomakeitworththeeffortpresenceoflargenumbersof介词结构倒装。ofsmallnumbersconcentration介词结构倒装。inoneortwolocationsconcentration介词结构倒装。suchasahospitallocations介词结构倒装。tomakeitrelativelyeasyconcentrationofsmallnumbersPocock’sassertionthatJefferson’sattacksonthecommercialpoliciesoftheFederalistssimplyechothelanguageoftheToryoppositioninEnglandisatoddswiththefactthatJeffersonrejectedtheelitistimplicationsofthatgroup’snotionofvirtueandassertedtherightofalltoparticipateincommercialsociety.Pocock’sassertion1[thatJefferson’sattacks2[onthecommercialpolicies]3[oftheFederalists]simplyechothelanguage4[oftheToryopposition]5[inEngland]]isatoddswiththefact6[thatJeffersonrejectedtheelitistimplications7[ofthatgroup’snotion]8[ofvirtue]]9{and10thatJeffersonassertedtheright11[ofall]12[toparticipateincommercialsociety]}.介词结构倒装。onthecommercialpoliciesattacks介词结构倒装。oftheFederalistscommercialpolicies介词结构倒装。oftheToryoppositionlanguage介词结构倒装。inEnglandopposition介词结构倒装。ofthatgroup’snotionimplications平行结构省略。andthatJefferson介词结构倒装。ofallright介词结构倒装。toparticipateincommercialsocietyrightPocockJefferson对联邦党商业政策的抨击仅仅是仿效英格兰保守党的反对Pocock的论断与事实相互矛盾。事实上，Jefferson拒绝考虑保守党对Jefferson认为所有人都有权利参与InadditionmanyethnologistsattheturnofthecenturybelievedthatNativeAmericanmannersandcustomswererapidlydisappearing,andthatitwasimportanttopreserveforposterityasmuchinformationascouldbeadequatelyrecordedbeforetheculturesdisappearedforever.Inadditionmanyethnologists1[attheturnofthecentury]believed2{thatNativeAmericanmannersandcustomswererapidlydisappearing},3{and4manyethnologistsattheturnofthecenturybelieved5{thatitwasimportanttopreserve6[forposterity]asmuch7[information]ascouldbeadequatelyrecorded8{beforetheculturesdisappearedforever}}}.介词结构倒装。attheturnofthecenturyethnologists平行结构省略。andmanyethnologistsattheturnofthecenturybelieved。介词结构倒装。forposterityinformation宾语倒装。informationpreserveAndmanagersunderpressuretomaximizecost-cuttingwillresistinnovationbecausetheyknowthatmorefundamentalchangesinprocessesorsystemswillwreakhavocwiththeresultsonwhichtheyaremeasured.Andmanagers1[underpressure]2[tomaximizecost-cutting]willresistinnovation3{becausetheyknow4{thatmorefundamentalchanges5[inprocessesorsystems]willwreakhavocwiththeresults6[onwhichtheyaremeasured]}}.介词结构倒装。underpressuremanagers介词结构倒装。tomaximizecost-cuttingpressure介词结构倒装。inprocessesorsystemschanges介词结构倒装。onwhichtheyaremeasuredresultsIncreasingly,historiansareblamingdiseasesimportedfromtheOldWorldforthestaggeringdisparitybetweentheindigenouspopulationofAmericain1492—newestimatesofwhichsoarashighas100million,orapproximatelyone-sixthofthehumanraceatthattime—andthefewmillionfull-bloodedNativeAmericansaliveattheendofthenineteenthcentury.Increasingly,historiansareblamingdiseases1[importedfromtheOldWorld]forthestaggeringdisparity2[betweentheindigenouspopulation3[ofAmerica]4[in1492]—5[newestimatesofwhichsoarashighas100million,6{or7newestimatesofwhichsoarapproximatelyone-sixthofthehumanrace8[atthattime]}]—andthefewmillionfull-bloodedNativeAmericans9[aliveattheendofthenineteenthcentury]].分词结构倒装。importedfromtheOldWorlddiseases介词结构倒装。in1492population定语从句。newestimatesofwhichpopulation长句。or平行结构省略。ornewestimatesofwhichsoar介词结构倒装。atthetimeestimates介词结构倒装。aliveattheendofthenineteenthcenturyNative11.Eventherequirementthatbiomaterialsprocessedfromthesematerialsbenontoxictohosttissuecanbemetbytechniquesderivedfromstudyingthereactionsoftissueculturestobiomaterialsorfromshort-termimplants.Eventherequirement1[thatbiomaterials2[processedfromthesematerials]3shouldbenontoxic4[tohosttissue]]canbemet5[bytechniques]6[derivedfromstudyingthereactions7[oftissuecultures]8[tobiomaterials]9{or10[derivedfromshort-term分词结构倒装。processedfromthesematerialsbiomaterials介词结构倒装。tohosttissuenontoxic介词结构倒装。bytechniquesmet分词结构倒装。derivedfromstudying…orfromshort-termimplants修饰介词结构倒装。oftissueculturestobiomaterialsreactions介词结构倒装。tobiomaterialsreactions长句。or介词结构倒装和平行结构省略。fromshort-termimplantstechniques。此处or连接的平行结构中省略了derived。Inaddition,thestyleofsomeBlacknovels,likeJeanToomer’sCane,vergesonexpressionismorsurrealism;doesthistechniqueprovideacounterpointtotheprevalentthemethatportraysthefateagainstwhichBlackheroesarepitted,athemeusuallyconveyedbymorenaturalisticmodesofexpression?Inaddition,thestyle1[ofsomeBlacknovels],2[likeJeanToomer’sCane],vergesonexpressionism3{or4vergesonsurrealism};doesthistechniqueprovideacounterpointtotheprevalenttheme5[thatportraysthefate6[againstwhichBlackheroesarepitted],athemeusually7[conveyed]8[bymorenaturalisticmodes]9[of介词结构倒装。ofsomeBlacknovelsstyle介词结构倒装。likeJeanToomer’sCanenovels长句。or分词结构倒装。conveyedatheme介词结构倒装。bymorenaturalisticmodesconveyed介词结构倒装。ofexpressionmodesThenewtaxlawallowedcorporationstodeductthecostoftheproductdonatedplushalfthedifferencebetweencostandfairmarketsellingprice,withtheprovisothatdeductionscannotexceedtwicecost.Thenewtaxlawallowedcorporationstodeductthecost1[oftheproduct]2[donated]3[plushalfthedifference]4[betweencostandfairmarketsellingprice],5[withtheproviso]6[thatdeductionscannotexceedtwicecost].介词结构倒装。oftheproductcost介词结构倒装。plushalfthedifferencecost介词结构倒装。betweencostandfairmarketsellingpricedifference介词结构倒装。withtheprovisodeductToexplainthisunfinishedrevolutioninthestatusofwomen,historianshaverecentlybeguntoemphasizethewayaprevailingdefinitionoffemininityoftendeterminesthekindsofworkallocatedtowomen,evenwhensuchallocationisinappropriatetonewconditions.1{Toexplainthisunfinishedrevolution2[inthestatus]3[ofwomen]},historianshaverecentlybeguntoemphasizetheway4[thataprevailingdefinition5[offemininity]oftendeterminesthekindsofwork6[allocatedtowomen],even7{whensuchallocationisinappropriatetonewconditions}].长句。toinorderto介词结构倒装。inthestatusrevolution介词结构倒装。ofwomenstatus分词结构倒装。allocatedtowomenwork长句。whenMoreover,inarecentstudy,currentspeedsupstreamofthenestandatthenestentranceweresimilarfornestsupstreamfacingsoutheastandthosefacinginotherMoreover,inarecentstudy,currentspeedsupstreamofthenestand1currentspeedsatthenestentranceweresimilarfornestsupstream2[facingsoutheast]andthose3[facinginotherdirections].分词结构倒装。facingsoutheastnestsupstream分词结构倒装。facinginotherdirectionsnestsupstreamProtectingchildrenfromthecrassbusinessworldbecameenormouslyimportantforlate-nineteenth-centurymiddle-classAmericans,shesuggests;thissacralizationwasawayofresistingwhattheyperceivedastherelentlesscorruptionofhumanvaluesbythemarketplace.Protectingchildrenfromthecrassbusinessworldbecameenormouslyimportant1[forlate-nineteenth-centurymiddle-classAmericans],shesuggests;thissacralizationwasaway2[ofresisting3{whattheyperceivedastherelentlesscorruption4[ofhumanvalues]5[bythemarketplace]}].介词结构倒装。forlate-nineteenth-centurymiddle-classAmericans介词结构倒装。ofresistingwhat…bythemarketplaceway介词结构倒装。ofhumanvaluescorruption介词结构倒装。bythemarketplacecorruptionThatLouiseNevelsonisbelievedbymanycriticstobethegreatesttwentieth-centurysculptorisallthemoreremarkablebecausethegreatestresistancetowomenartistshasbeen,untilrecently,inthefieldofsculpture.1{ThatLouiseNevelsonisbelieved2[bymanycritics]tobethegreatesttwentieth-centurysculptor}isallthemoreremarkable3{becausethegreatestresistance4[towomenartists]hasbeen,untilrecently,inthefieldofsculpture}.介词结构倒装。bymanycriticsbelieved介词结构倒装。towomenartistsresistanceOnemightconcludethattheolderlabor-intensivemachinerystilloperatinginUnitedStatesintegratedplantsisatfaultforthepoorperformanceoftheUnitedStatesindustry,butthiscannotexplainwhyJapaneseintegratedproducers,whoproduceahigher-qualityproductusinglessenergyandlabor,arealsoexperiencingeconomictrouble.Onemightconclude1{thattheolderlabor-intensivemachinerystill2[operatinginUnitedStatesintegratedplants]isatfaultforthepoorperformance3[oftheUnitedStatesindustry]},butthiscannotexplain4{whyJapaneseintegratedproducers,5[whoproduceahigher-qualityproduct6[usinglessenergyandlabor]],arealsoexperiencingeconomictrouble}.分词结构倒装。operatinginUnitedStatesintegratedplantslabor-intensive介词结构倒装。oftheUnitedStatesindustryperformance分词结构倒装。usinglessenergyandlaborproduceInthisview,Hughes’attemptstoimitatethefolkbluesaretooself-conscious,toodeterminedtoromanticizetheAfricanAmericanexperience,toointentonreproducingwhathetakestobethequainthumorandnavesimplicityofthefolkbluestobeInthisview,Hughes’attempts1[toimitatethefolkblues]aretooself-conscious,toodetermined2[toromanticizetheAfricanAmericanexperience],toointent3[onreproducing]4{whathetakestobethequainthumorandnavesimplicity5[ofthefolkblues]}tobesuccessful.介词结构倒装。toimitatethefolkbluesattempts介词结构倒装。toromanticizetheAfricanAmericanexperience修饰too介词结构倒装。onreproducingtoointent介词结构倒装。ofthefolkbluesquainthumorandnavesimplicityAnexplorationofthislargelyoverlookedearlyprosedemonstratesthatPhelpsplayedaninstrumentalroleinlegitimizingtheAmericanmedicalwomanduringacrucialearlierperiodwhenthenumberofwomendoctorsintheUnitedStatesincreasedsubstantially,butthewomandoctorremainedperhapsthemostcontroversialnewpresenceonthenation’soccupationallandscape.Anexploration1[ofthislargelyoverlookedearlyprose]demonstrates2{thatPhelpsplayedaninstrumentalrole3[inlegitimizingtheAmericanmedicalwoman]4[duringacrucialearlierperiod]5[whenthenumberofwomendoctors6[intheUnitedStates]increasedsubstantially]},butthewomandoctorremainedperhapsthemostcontroversialnewpresenceonthenation’soccupationallandscape.介词结构倒装。ofthislargelyoverlookedearlyproseexploration介词结构倒装。inlegitimizingtheAmericanmedicalwomaninstrumental介词结构倒装。duringacrucialearlierperiodinstrumentalrole介词结构倒装。intheUnitedStateswomendoctorsThattheporterswereahomogeneousgroupworkingforasingleemployerwithsinglelaborpolicy,thussharingthesamegrievancesfromcitytocity,alsostrengthenedtheBrotherhoodandencouragedracialidentityandsolidarityaswell.1{Thattheporterswereahomogeneousgroup2[workingforasingleemployer]3[withsinglelaborpolicy],thus4sharingthesamegrievances5[fromcitytocity]},alsostrengthenedtheBrotherhood6{andencouragedracialidentityandsolidarityaswell}.分词结构倒装。workingforasingleemployergroup介词结构倒装。withsinglelaborpolicyworking介词结构倒装。fromcitytocitysharingYetWalzer’sargument,howeverdeficient,doespointtooneofthemostseriousweaknessesofcapitalism—namely,thatitbringstopredominantpositionsinasocietypeoplewho,nomatterhowlegitimatelytheyhaveearnedtheirmaterialrewards,oftenlackthoseotherqualitiesthatevokeaffectionoradmiration.YetWalzer’sargument,1{however2Walzer’sargumentisdeficient},doespointtooneofthemostseriousweaknesses3[ofcapitalism]—namely,4[thatitbringstopredominantpositions5[inasociety]6[people]7[who,8{nomatterhowlegitimatelytheyhaveearnedtheirmaterialrewards},oftenlackthoseotherqualities9[thatevokeaffectionoradmiration]]].介词结构倒装。inasocietypositions宾语倒装。peoplebrings长句。nomatterhowWaizer的观点存在缺陷，但是它确实指出了资本主义社会的一个非常严重ButtheanswertowhytheJohnsonsleftthatareawheretheyhadlaboredsolongmaylieintheirrealizationthattheirwhiteneighborswerealreadybeginningthetransitionfromalargelywhiteindenturedlaborforcetorelianceonalargelyblackslavelaborforce,andthattheinstitutionofslaverywasthreateningtheirdescendants’chancesforfreedomandsuccessinVirginia.Buttheanswer1[towhytheJohnsonsleftthatarea]2[wheretheyhadlaboredsolong]maylieintheirrealization3[thattheirwhiteneighborswerealreadybeginningthetransition4[fromalargelywhiteindenturedlaborforcetoreliance5[onalargelyblackslavelaborforce]]],6{and7theirrealization8[thattheinstitution9[ofslavery]wasthreateningtheirdescendants’chances10[forfreedomandsuccess]11[inVirginia]]}.介词结构倒装。towhytheJohnsonsleftthatareaanswer介词结构倒装。fromalargelywhite…laborforcetransition介词结构倒装。onalargelyblackslavelaborforcereliance介词结构倒装。forfreedomandsuccesschances介词结构倒装。inVirginiafreedomandsuccess但是，为什么Johnson一家离开了这片他们耕耘已久的土地，答案或许在于他们意识到了他们的白人邻居正在从雇佣具有契约关系的白人劳动力转向依赖黑人VirginiaWoolf’sprovocativestatementaboutherintentionsinwritingMrs.Dallowayhasregularlybeenignoredbythecritics,sinceithighlightsanaspectofherliteraryinterestsverydifferentfromthetraditionalpictureofthe“poetic”novelistconcernedwithexaminingstatesofreverieandvisionandwithfollowingtheintricatepathwaysofindividualconsciousness.VirginiaWoolf’sprovocativestatement1[aboutherintentions]2[inwritingMrs.Dalloway]hasregularlybeenignored3[bythecritics],4{sinceithighlightsanaspect5[ofherliteraryinterests]6[verydifferentfromthetraditionalpicture]7[ofthe“poetic”novelist]8[concernedwithexaminingstates9[ofreverieandvision]and10concernedwithfollowingtheintricatepathways11[ofindividualconsciousness]]}.介词结构倒装。aboutherintentionsstatement介词结构倒装。inwritingMrs.Dallowayintentions介词结构倒装。bythecriticsignored介词结构倒装。ofherliteraryinterestsaspect形容词与介词结构倒装。verydifferentfromthetraditionalpictureliterary介词结构倒装。ofthe“poetic”novelisttraditionalpicture分词结构倒装。concernedwith…ofindividualconsciousnessthe“poetic”介词结构倒装。ofreverieandvisionstates介词结构倒装。ofindividualconsciousnesspathwaysAlong-heldviewofthehistoryofEnglishcoloniesthatbecametheUnitedStateshasbeenthatEngland’spolicytowardthesecoloniesbefore1763wasdictatedbycommercialinterestsandthatachangetoamoreimperialpolicy,dominatedbyexpansionistmilitaristobjectives,generatedthetensionsthatultimatelyledtotheAmericanRevolution.Along-heldview1[ofthehistory]2[ofEnglishcolonies]3[thatbecametheUnitedStates]hasbeen4[thatEngland’spolicy5[towardthesecolonies]6{before1763}wasdictated7[bycommercialinterests]8{and9along-heldviewofthehistoryofEnglishcoloniesthatbecametheUnitedStateshasbeenthatachange10[toamoreimperialpolicy],11[dominatedbyexpansionistmilitaristobjectives],generatedthetensions12[thatultimatelyledtotheAmericanRevolution]}].介词结构倒装。ofthehistoryalong-heldview介词结构倒装。ofEnglishcolonieshistory介词结构倒装。bycommercialinterestsdictated省略。andalong-heldview…hasbeen介词结构倒装。toamoreimperialpolicychange分词结构倒装。dominatedbyexpansionistmilitaristobjectivespolicy一种传关于英国在北美的殖民地变成美国的传统观点认为，1763年之前英国的Thereis,however,considerabledisagreementamongculturalhistoriansregardingpublicattitudestowardtherailroad,bothatitsinceptioninthe1830sandduringthehalfcenturybetween1880and1930,whenthenationalrailsystemwascompletedandreachedthezenithofitspopularityintheUnitedStates.Thereis,however,considerabledisagreement1[amongculturalhistorians]2[regardingpublicattitudes]3[towardtherailroad],4{both5[atitsinception]6[inthe1830s]and7[duringthehalfcentury]8[between1880and1930]},9{whenthenationalrailsystemwascompleted10{and11thenationalrailsystemreachedthezenith12[ofitspopularity]13[intheUnitedStates]}}.介词结构倒装。amongculturalhistoriansdisagreement介词结构倒装。regardingpublicattitudesdisagreement介词结构倒装。towardtherailroadattitudes介词结构倒装。atitsinceptionattitudes介词结构倒装。inthe1830sinception介词结构倒装。duringthehalfcenturyattitudes介词结构倒装。between1880and1930thehalfcentury平行结构省略。andthenationalrailsystem介词结构倒装。ofitspopularityzenith介词结构倒装。intheUnitedStatespopularity19301880年到1930年这半个世纪期间对铁路的态度。1880年全美铁路系统建造完成，1930年美国铁路普及达到全盛时期。ThebroadlanguageoftheamendmentstronglysuggeststhatitsframerswereproposingtowriteintotheConstitutionnotalaundrylistofspecificcivilrightsbutaprincipleofequalcitizenshipthatforbidsorganizedsocietyfromtreatinganyindividualasamemberofaninferiorclass.Thebroadlanguage1[oftheamendment]stronglysuggests2{thatitsframerswereproposingtowriteintotheConstitution3+4{[notalaundrylistofspecificcivilrightsbutaprinciple6[ofequalcitizenship]7[thatforbidsorganizedsocietyfromtreatinganyindividualasamember8[ofaninferiorclass]]]}}.介词结构倒装。oftheamendmentlanguage宾语倒装。notalaundrylistof…butaprincipleof…propose介词结构倒装。ofequalcitizenshipprinciple介词结构倒装。ofaninferiorclassmemberIntheearly1950’s,historianswhostudiedpreindustrialEurope(whichwemaydefinehereasEuropeintheperiodfromroughly1300to1800)began,forthefirsttimeinlargenumbers,toinvestigatemoreofthepreindustrialEuropeanpopulationthanthe2or3percentwhocomprisedthepoliticalandsocialelite:thekings,generals,judges,nobles,bishops,andlocalmagnateswhohadhithertousuallyfilledhistorybooks.Intheearly1950’s,historians1[whostudiedpreindustrialEurope]2[(whichwemaydefinehereasEuropeintheperiod3[fromroughly1300to1800])]began,4[forthefirsttime]5[inlargenumbers],toinvestigate6{more7[ofthepreindustrialEuropeanpopulation]thanthe2or3percent8ofthepreindustrialEuropeanpopulation9[whocomprisedthepoliticalandsocialelite}:thekings,generals,judges,nobles,bishops,10{andlocalmagnates11[whohadhithertousuallyfilledhistorybooks]}].介词结构倒装。fromroughly1300to1800period介词结构倒装。forthefirsttimebegan介词结构倒装。inlargenumbersbegan介词结构倒装。ofthepreindustrialEuropeanpopulati