新高考适用2023版高考英语二轮总复习第1部分阅读能力突破篇专题2阅读七选五第3讲根据行文逻辑解题

第一部分专题二第3讲A(2022·山东省枣庄市高考二模)Facialrecognitionisatechnologythatusesdistinguishablefacialfeaturestoidentifyaperson.__1__Itmayallowyoutounlockyourphone,gothroughsecurityattheairport,andpurchaseproductsatstores.__2__Thepoliceusethetechnologytouncovercriminalsortofindmissingchildrenorseniors.Airportsareincreasinglyaddingfacialrecognitiontechnologytosecuritycheckpoints.Whenpeopleknowtheyarebeingwatched,theyarelesslikelytocommitcrimes.Sousingfacialrecognitiontechnologycouldpreventcrime.Anotheradvantageisthat,sincethereisnocontactrequiredforfacialrecognitionlikethereiswithfingerprintingorothersecuritymeasures,facialrecognitionoffersaquick,automatic,andseamlesscontactexperience.__3__Thebiggestdrawbackforfacialrecognitiontechnologyinmostpeopleʼsopinionsisthethreattoanindividualʼsprivacy.Infact,severalcitieshaveconsideredorwillbanreal-timefacialrecognitionobservationusedbylawenforcementagencies.__4__Itʼsjustnotallowingthegovernmentbodiestouselivefacialrecognitionsoftware.Inaddition,thereareissuesthatneedtoberesolvedwhenapersonchangesappearanceorthecameraangleisnʼtquiteright.However,itʼsdramaticallyimprovingnow,accordingtoindependenttestsbyaU．S.researchinstitute.__5__Inordertobenefitfromthepositiveaspectsoffacialrecognition,oursocietyisgoingtohavetoworkthroughsomesignificantchallengestoourprivacyandcivilliberties.A．Today,itiswidelyusedinvariousaspectsoflife.B．Butsalesorganizationscanstilluseitatcertaintimes.C．Ithasgot20timesbetteratfindingamatchinadatabase.D．So,noothersecuritymeasuresgiveyouasimilarexperience.E．ThereisnothingsuchasakeyorIDthatcanbelostorstolen.F．ButpolicecanstillusedevicessuchasNestcamerastofindcriminals.G．Oneofthemajoradvantagesoffacialrecognitionissafetyandsecurity.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人脸识别在生活中的广泛运用及其优缺点。1．A段中题。根据下文“Itmayallowyoutounlockyourphone,gothroughsecurityattheairport,andpurchaseproductsatstores.(它可以让你解锁手机，通过机场安检，在商店购买产品。)”可知，列举了人脸识别在各种场景的运用，正是对A项“Today,itiswidelyusedinvariousaspectsoflife.(如今，它被广泛应用于生活的各个方面。)”的举例说明，对“variousaspectsoflife”进行了具体说明，上下文语意连贯。故选A。2．G段首题。根据下文“Thepoliceusethetechnologytouncovercriminalsortofindmissingchildrenorseniors.Airportsareincreasinglyaddingfacialrecognitiontechnologytosecuritycheckpoints.Whenpeopleknowtheyarebeingwatched,theyarelesslikelytocommitcrimes.Sousingfacialrecognitiontechnologycouldpreventcrime.(警方使用这种技术来发现罪犯或寻找失踪的儿童或老人。机场安检处越来越多地采用面部识别技术。当人们知道他们被监视时，他们就不太可能犯罪。所以使用面部识别技术可以预防犯罪。)”可知，本段主要介绍了警方和机场使用人脸识别来发现罪犯和预防犯罪，提升安全感，再结合第三段首句“Anotheradvantageis...(另一个优势是……)”可推知，本段也是在介绍人脸识别的优势，所以G项“Oneofthemajoradvantagesoffacialrecognitionissafetyandsecurity.(面部识别的主要优点之一是安全。)”是第二段内容的概括，同时也与第三段构成并列关系：“Oneofthemajoradvantagesoffacialrecognitionis...Anotheradvantageis...”。故选G。3．D段尾题。上文“Anotheradvantageisthat,sincethereisnocontactrequiredforfacialrecognitionlikethereiswithfingerprintingorothersecuritymeasures,facialrecognitionoffersaquick,automatic,andseamlesscontactexperience.(另一个优点是，面部识别不需要像指纹或其他安全措施那样需要接触，因此面部识别提供了快速、自动和无缝的接触体验。)”讲人脸识别带给我们快速、自动和无缝的接触体验，D项“So,noothersecuritymeasuresgiveyouasimilarexperience.(因此，没有其他安全措施能给你类似的体验。)”说这种体验是其他安全措施无法企及的，句中“similarexperience”与上文照应，上下文语意连贯。故选D。4．B段中题。根据上文“Infact,severalcitieshaveconsideredorwillbanreal-timefacialrecognitionobservationusedbylawenforcementagencies.(事实上，一些城市已经考虑或将禁止执法机构使用的实时面部识别。)”和下文“Itʼsjustnotallowingthegovernmentbodiestouselivefacialrecognitionsoftware.(它只是不允许政府机构使用实时面部识别软件。)”可知，尽管一些城市已经考虑或将禁止使用的实时面部识别，但主要是针对执法机构和政府机关，并不禁止其在商业中的运用，所以B项“Butsalesorganizationscanstilluseitatcertaintimes.(但是销售组织仍然可以在特定时间使用它。)”符合语境，且与上文构成转折关系。故选B。5．C段尾题。上文“Inaddition,thereareissuesthatneedtoberesolvedwhenapersonchangesappearanceorthecameraangleisnʼtquiteright.However,itʼsdramaticallyimprovingnow,accordingtoindependenttestsbyaU．S.researchinstitute.(此外，当一个人改变外观或相机角度不太正确时，还有一些问题需要解决。然而，根据美国一家研究机构的独立测试，它现在正在显著改善。)”提到人脸识别能力的改进与提升，C项“Ithasgot20timesbetteratfindingamatchinadatabase.(它在数据库中查找匹配信息的能力提高了20倍。)”用数据进一步说明了其效果，句中“20timesbetter”与上文“dramaticallyimproving”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选C。B(2022·湖南省大联考雅礼十六校高三第一次模拟)TakeaBreakfromTechnologyIntodayʼsworldweareconstantlysurroundedbytechnology.Itʼstruetosaythattechnologymakesourliveseasier.__1__Otherwiseweputourselvesatriskofdevelopinghundredsofhealthproblems.Overthesummerthedaysarelonger,sunnierandfreefromschool.Withallthisfreetime,whynotputittogooduseanddosomethingthatdoesnʼtinvolvetechnology?__2__Therearehundredsofpossibilities:crafts,cooking,learningamusicalinstrumentoranewsport.Maybeyouʼvealwayswantedtotryoutthatrecipe,buthavenʼthadtime?Perhapsyoufancylearninghowtoknit,soyoucanhaveanewsweaterfortheautumn?Youcoulduseyourfreetimetolearnsomethingnew.__3__Ifyoujustfancyrelaxing,whynotheadtoabeach?Takealongyourfavouritebookandrelaxonthesandorgoforawalkalongthecoastline(justmakesureyouʼreawareofthetides！).Ifyoudonʼtlivenearabeach,youcouldgotoyourlocalpark.__4__Whateveryouchoosetodowithyoursummer,trysomethingnew!__5__Also,youmightmakenewfriendsalongtheway.Nexttimeyoufindyourselfaimlesslychannel-hopping,haveathinkatwhatelseyoucouldspendyourtimedoing.A．Tostartwith,youcouldlearnanewskill.B．Technologyhasbecomeanimportantpartofourlives.C．Andperhapsitʼllleadtoanexcitingopportunityinthefuture.D．Youmightsurpriseyourselfandfindahiddentalentwithinyou.E．Whynottakealongapicnic,ortryandidentifysomeofthelocalwildlife?F．However,increasinglyscientistsaresayingthatweneedtogiveourselvesabreak.G．Inourincreasinglytechnology-drivenworld,havewebecomeaddictedtotechnology?【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述在科技发达的今天要学会从中放松自己。1．F段中题。上文“Intodayʼsworldweareconstantlysurroundedbytechnology.Itʼstruetosaythattechnologymakesourliveseasier.(在当今世界，我们一直被科技所包围。科技使我们的生活更容易，这是事实。)”说明科技给我们带来好处，下文“Otherwiseweputourselvesatriskofdevelopinghundredsofhealthproblems.Overthesummerthedaysarelonger,sunnierandfreefromschool.Withallthisfreetime,whynotputittogooduseanddosomethingthatdoesnʼtinvolvetechnology？(否则我们就会把自己置于数百种健康问题的危险之中。夏天白天更长，阳光更充足，而且不用上学。有这么多空闲时间，为什么不好好利用，做一些不涉及科技的事情呢？)”提倡做一些不涉及科技的事情，说明设空处应与上文形成转折关系。F项“However,increasinglyscientistsaresayingthatweneedtogiveourselvesabreak.(然而，越来越多的科学家表示，我们需要让自己休息一下。)”符合语境。故选F。2．A段首题。下文“Therearehundredsofpossibilities:crafts,cooking,learningamusicalinstrumentoranewsport.Maybeyouʼvealwayswantedtotryoutthatrecipe,buthavenʼthadtime?Perhapsyoufancylearninghowtoknit,soyoucanhaveanewsweaterfortheautumn？(有成百上千的可能性：手工艺、烹饪、学习一种乐器或一项新的运动。也许你一直想尝试一下这个食谱，但一直没有时间？也许你想学编织，这样秋天就能有一件新毛衣了？)”讲述的是可以学习的新技能。设空处位于段首，起开启下文的作用。A项“Tostartwith,youcouldlearnanewskill.(首先，你可以学习一项新技能。)”符合语境，下文提到的“crafts,cooking,learningamusicalinstrumentoranewsport”等，就是新技能的举例说明。故选A。3．C段尾题。上文“Maybeyouʼvealwayswantedtotryoutthatrecipe,buthavenʼthadtime?Perhapsyoufancylearninghowtoknit,soyoucanhaveanewsweaterfortheautumn?Youcoulduseyourfreetimetolearnsomethingnew.(也许你一直想尝试一下这个食谱，但一直没有时间？也许你想学编织，这样秋天就能有一件新毛衣了？你可以利用空闲时间学点新东西。)”讲述的是学习新技能的可能性。设空处位于段尾，承接上文所讲。C项“Andperhapsitʼllleadtoanexcitingopportunityinthefuture.(也许这会在将来带来一个令人兴奋的机会。)”符合语境，与上文句式相同，and和perhaps是关键词。故选C。4．E段尾题。上文“Ifyoujustfancyrelaxing,whynotheadtoabeach?Takealongyourfavouritebookandrelaxonthesandorgoforawalkalongthecoastline(justmakesureyouʼreawareofthetides！).Ifyoudonʼtlivenearabeach,youcouldgotoyourlocalpark.(如果你只想放松一下，为什么不去海滩呢？带上你最喜欢的书，在沙滩上放松，或者沿着海岸线散步(只是要确保你知道潮汐！)如果你不住在海滩附近，你可以去当地的公园。)”讲述的是户外放松的方式。设空处承接上文，可能推荐不在海滩附近的放松方式。E项“Whynottakealongapicnic,ortryandidentifysomeofthelocalwildlife？(为什么不去野餐，或者尝试辨认一些当地的野生动物呢？)”符合语境，其中“Whynottakealong”与上文一致。故选E。5．D段中题。上文“Whateveryouchoosetodowithyoursummer,trysomethingnew！(不管你夏天选择做什么，尝试一些新的东西吧！)”讲述的是夏天的时候尝试做一些新的事。下文“Also,youmightmakenewfriendsalongtheway.Nexttimeyoufindyourselfaimlesslychannel-hopping,haveathinkatwhatelseyoucouldspendyourtimedoing.(同时，你可能会在这个过程中交到新朋友。下次当你发现自己漫无目的地换台时，想想看你还能把时间花在做什么事情上。)”讲述的是打发时间时可以想一想做些其他的事。设空处位于段中，承上启下。D项“Youmightsurpriseyourselfandfindahiddentalentwithinyou.(你可能会让自己惊讶，发现你隐藏的才能。)”符合语境，“hiddentalent”呼应上文的“somethingnew”。故选D。C(2022·海南省高三下学期高考全真模拟一)Therearesomanydogswhoarestuckinsheltersorinfostercare(寄养照管)andthatarelookingforaforeverhome.DonʼtLetDogsAlwaysBeOutsideOwnersshouldavoidleavingtheirdogsoutsideforallhoursforseveralreasons.Stayingoutinthesunfortoolongcancausethemtogetthirsty.__1__becauseitleavesthemfeelingseverelyuncomfortable.Agoodfixistoinstalladogdoor,soyourdogcanchooseiftheywanttobeoutsideorinside.AcceptTheirPersonalityChangesSomedogownersmaynotrealizethatitʼscommonfordogsʼpersonalitiestochangeovertime.Theymayhavebeenafriendly,energeticpuppyandgrowuptobeashydogwhodoesnʼtlikebeingaroundothers.__2__,avoidblamingthem.Ownerscanʼtchangetheirdogsovernightanditcansometimesbeimpossibletoaltertheirpersonalitiestomakethemsomeonetheyʼrenot.__3__,andseekaprofessionaltofindoutifitʼspossibletoavoidanyharmfulbehavior.TryNottoPushThemovertheEdgeOwnersneedtopayattentiontosignstheirdogsmayshowiftheyarescaredandtakecareofthesituationaccordingly.__4__.Instanceswherethismayoccurarethroughtraining,beingaroundnewpeopleoranimals,orgoingforarideinthecar.DoNotLeaveYourDogintheCarDogsshouldneverbeleftinthecaralone,especiallywiththewindowsrolledup.__5__,hewillbechargedwithanimalcruelty.Thisisbecausedogscangetsickandevensufferfatalconsequencesduetobeingleftineitheraveryhotorcoldcar.Animalsafetyexpertsrecommendtakingactionifyouseeananimalbyitselfinacar.A．TheyareinsomekindoftroubleB．ItʼsbesttobepatientwiththesechangesC．IftheirpersonalitychangesfortheworseD．ColdandrainyweatherisnotidealfordogsE．IftheownerleavespetsunattendedinaparkedcarF．ThismeansnotpushingthemovertheedgeiftheyarenʼtreadyG．Thereʼsalimittohowmuchtimetheyshouldbespendingoutside【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何照顾狗。1．D段中题。本段小标题是DonʼtLetDogsAlwaysBeOutside(不要让狗总是待在外面)，因此本段会谈及天气对狗的影响，D选项“Coldandrainyweatherisnotidealfordogs(寒冷多雨的天气不适合狗)”中的“Coldandrainyweather”和前面的“Stayingoutinthesun”为并列关系，且后文“becauseitleavesthemfeelingseverelyuncomfortable(因为这会让它们感到非常不舒服)”说明了寒冷多雨的天气对狗的影响，因此D选项承上启下符合语境，故选D。2．C段中题。由小标题“AcceptTheirPersonalityChanges(接受它们的性格变化)”和空格前的“Somedogownersmaynotrealizethatitʼscommonfordogsʼpersonalitiestochangeovertime.(一些狗主人可能没有意识到狗的性格会随着时间的推移而改变是常见的。)”，C选项“Iftheirpersonalitychangesfortheworse(如果它们的性格变坏了)”中的“personalitychanges”和前面的“personalitiestochange”相一致，且由于性格变化是常见的，所以不应该责备它们，这和空格后的“avoidblamingthem(避免责备它们)”相符合，因此C选项承上启下，符合语境，故选C。3．B段中题。空格前说“Ownerscanʼtchangetheirdogsovernightanditcansometimesbeimpossibletoaltertheirpersonalitiestomakethemsomeonetheyʼrenot.(狗的主人不可能在一夜之间改变他们的狗，有时也不可能改变它们的性格，使它们成为另一条狗。)”，因此主人需要有耐心，B选项“Itʼsbesttobepatientwiththesechanges(最好对这些变化保持耐心)”刚好说明了这一点，因此B选项承上启下，符合语境，故选B。4．F段中题。本段小标题是“TryNottoPushThemovertheEdge(尽量不要把它们推到边缘)”，F选项“Thismeansnotpushingthemovertheedgeiftheyarenʼtready(这意味着如果它们还没有准备好，不要把它们逼到崩溃的边缘)”中的“pushingthemovertheedge”和小标题“PushThemovertheEdge”是原词复现，因此F选项符合本段语境，故选F。5．E段中题。空格前说“Dogsshouldneverbeleftinthecaralone,especiallywiththewindowsrolledup.(狗狗不应该单独留在车里，尤其是关着车窗的时候。)”，E选项“Iftheownerleavespetsunattendedinaparkedcar(如果主人把宠物放在停放的车里无人看管)”中的“leavespetsunattendedinaparkedcar”和前面的“beleftinthecaralone”相一致，且空格后“hewillbechargedwithanimalcruelty(他将被指控虐待动物)”说明了把狗单独留在车里的话主人会受到什么惩罚，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。D(2022·河北省邯郸市高三一模)IthasbeenshownthatwatchingEnglishmovietrailers(预告片)canimproveyourEnglishvocabularyandthinkingskills.__1__Thefirststepistofindthem.GotoYouTubeanddoasearchforsomethinglike“officialtrailer”．Severalfilmtrailerswillappear.__2__AnimatedfilmscanbeanespeciallygoodchoiceforEnglishpracticenomatterhowoldyouare.Thesefilmsareusuallyhumorousandrelatable.Tofindanimatedfilms,trydoingasearchforsomethinglike“animatedofficialtrailer”．Makesurethevideoyouchooseoffersclosedcaptions(字幕),whichyouwilluselater.Youcanfindtheclosedcaptionmarkatthebottomofthevideo.Itmaybelistedas“CC”orsomethingelse.KeepinmindthattrailersmorethanfiveorsevenyearsoldmaynotofferclosedcaptionsonYouTube.__3__Next,watchthevideoatanormalspeedwithoutclosedcaptions.Trytounderstandwhatthestoryisaboutoverall.Thenwatchitagaintoseekmoredetails.__4__Itwillgiveyouanideaofwhetherthedialogueistoofastordifficultforyourskilllevel.__5__Findthe“CC”settingatthebottomofthevideoandclickthecaptions.Thiscanhelpyouinseveralways.Youcanconfirmwhetheryouunderstandthedialogueinyourfirstviewing,makecleareranydialogueyoudonotunderstand,andconnectthesoundofwordswiththeirspellings.Youcanalsowritedownafewofthenewwordsinanotebookoronyourmobilephone.A．Sochoosenewervideos.B．Youcanchoosesomethatlookinteresting.C．Theymaysoundalittlestrangeataslowerspeed.D．Withthismethod,youaretestingyourEnglishskill