汤姆索亚历险记1-7章阅读指导 高中英语课外阅读

《好的英语是“读”出来的》英语阅读要求及技巧1.准备阅读书目《汤姆索亚历险记》、摘抄本、字典或词典2.读Chapter1-73.

在阅读时，不要指读，不要查工具书，要尽量根据上、下文去猜测词意、句意；根据场景、人物性格、心理活动、当时的话题等猜测词意、句意。4.阅读时注意关注过程性描写句子（环境、动作、语言、情感变化、外貌等）及段内、段之间的衔接。5.阅读时集中精力，不要边读边记录，最后30分钟再摘抄整理或写感悟。读书笔记要求书目：TheadventuresofTomSawyer作者：

MarkTwain时间：第X周X月X日人物角色：…要求：摘抄：1）词汇：10-15个重要单词、短语，标注好中文意思，至少会认；有能力的同学，会读会认2）句子：每种(环境、动作、语言、情感变化、外貌等）至少2个3）感悟：所读章节的感悟(感悟至少5-6句话，用英文表达)

分层要求：levelA---只看英语，不懂处，查字典

levelB---看英语，不懂处适当查字典，频率不宜太高，用铅笔注释。

levelC---尽自己最大可能。一段一段来

书目：TheadventuresofTomSawyer作者：

MarkTwain时间：第九周10月30日摘抄：1.词汇：2.句子：1）环境描写

①…

②2）心理描写

①…②…3.感悟读书笔记书写格式TheadventuresofTomSawyerMarkTwainisanAmericanwriterandspeakerwhoserealnameisSamuelLanghorneClemens.MarkTwainwashispenname,atermoriginallyusedbyMississippiRiversailorstoindicatethedepthofwatermeasuredonthewaterway.HisrepresentativeworksincludeTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,TheAdventuresofTomSawyerandsoon.

MarkTwainisthefounderofAmericancriticalrealismliterature.MostofhisworkshavebeentranslatedintoChinese.In2006,MarkTwainwasranked16thintheAtlanticMonthly,anauthoritativeAmericanjournal.About

the

author—Mark

TwainIfforeignersreallywishtoknowtheAmericanspirit,letthemreadMarkTwain.…thereissomethingpronouncedintheAmericancharacter,andthebooksofMarkTwainrevealit.Hehasalsomorethanoncebeenavaluableandefficientchampion.---WilliamLyonPhelpsThe

AdventuresofTomSawyer,knownasthetypicalrepresentativeoftheAmericanspirits,isconsideredtobethebeginningoftrueAmericanliterature,becausethepreviousWorksofAmericanliteraturewerebasicallywrittenaboutAmericanthingsinthestyleofBritishliterature,whilethisnovelwascompletelywrittenaboutAmericanthingsinthestyleofAmericanliterature.About

the

novel—TheAdventuresofTomSawyerTheAdventuresofTomSawyerThe

Adventures

of

Tom

SawyerTomHuckBeckyAuntPollyInjunJoeMuffPotterWhat

toread?Chapter1AuntPollyKeepsHerPromiseChapter2TomLearnsaLessonAboutDesireChapter3TomeintheArmyGame--ANewLoveIsDiscoveredChapter4SundayClassesattheChurchChapter5TheChurchServiceChapter6AConversationAboutSpiritsChapter7

TomGetsEngagedcontentsTextPassageQuestionWordCultureReallifeHow

toreadit?Self-readingCooperativestudyPresentationPromotionDiscussionleaderTextsummarizerCultureambassadorPassagedecoderWordmasterReallifeconnectorQuestionsyouneedtothinkaboutQuestion1:

HowmanychildhoodanecdotesinChapter1-7?Howmanypartscanthesechaptersbedividedinto?Arethesepartsrelatedwitheachother?Whatkindofwritingstyledoesitreflect?Question2:InChapter2,fromthesentences:…I’llgiveyouoneofmytoys.AndI’llshowyouwhereIhurtmyfoot……hehadbeengivenacatwithoneeye,apieceofbrokenglass…Tomwasrich!Whatdidtherewardsinthesetwosentences

imply?Question3:WhydidMarkTwainwriteabouttheinsectandthedoginthechurchinChapter5?Question1:HowmanychildhoodanecdotesinChapter1-7?Howmanypartscanthesechaptersbedividedinto?Arethesepartsrelatedwitheachother?Whatkindofwritingstyledoesitreflect?●InChapter1-7,generallytherearesevenchildhoodanecdotes.Almost,eachchapterrepresentsaseparatestory.Thesechapterscanbedividedintothreeparts,namely,Chapter1-3,Chapter4-5andChapter6-7.Thesepartsarenotrelatedwitheachother.Theyareseparatelogically.ItturnsoutthatTheAdventuresofTomSawyerisintenselydramaticinitsconstruction,takingtheformofaseriesofcomicvignettesbasedonTom’sexploits.独立小故事组成的《汤姆索亚历险记》。MindMap:TheLogicalRelationsAmongthechaptersPart1Part2

Part3

Chapter1Chapter2Chapter3basisbasisChapter4Chapter5Chapter6Chapter7thesamescene:churchseparateseparatethesamescene:schoolQuestion2:InChapter2,fromthesentences:…I’llgiveyouoneofmytoys.AndI’llshowyouwhereIhurtmyfoot……hehadbeengivenacatwithoneeye,apieceofbrokenglass…Tomwasrich!Whatdidtherewardsinthesetwosentences

imply?

●Suchexchangeconditions(especiallylookingatinjuredfoot)couldonlyexistinthechildren’sworld,whichwasinsharpcontrasttotheadult’sworld.Thechildlikefun,whichdidnotexistintheadult’sworld,waspresented.Inthesecondsentence,acatwithoneeyemightnotbeexpensiveintheadultworld.However,toachild,theycouldbeeverything.Itreflectedthesimplicityofachildandalsomadeacomparisonwiththeadult’srealityandnarrowness.这些儿童认知中的“宝物”，体现了儿童世界的纯真简单与成年世界的真实狭隘之间的对比。WhydidMarkTwainwriteabouttheinsectandthedoginthechurchinChapter5?Religiousactivities:DullandFake宗教活动的虚假无聊Contrastwith“solemn”religiousrites:humorouswritingstyle与“庄严”的宗教仪式对照：体现其幽默的写作风格CompareTom’sreactionwithadults’:thehypocrisyofreligionandadults将Tom与成年人的反应进行比较：表现成人的虚伪TheInsectandtheDogintheChurchQuestion3:Appreciatethelanguage（Chapter1P1-P2）

Andwhenhisauntturnedtolook,heranawayasfastashecouldoutofthehouseandquicklydisappearedfromAuntPolly'ssight.（机灵、淘气的汤姆跃然纸上）（

Chapter1P4）Theybegantopusheachotherwiththeirshoulders,againmovinginacircle.Andthensuddenlytheywerefightingontheground,hittingandkickingeachother,andpullinghair.（挑衅直到拼尽全力搏斗）（Chapter6P22）AuntPollysuddenlystoppedcryingandjuststaredatTomforamoment.Thenshefellbackintoachairandstartedlaughingandcryingatthesametime.（心情由悲到喜再到哭笑不得,写出了Aunt的善良）

（Chapter6P26）Shepusheditaway,butTommoveditbacktowardher,andwhenshetriedtopushitawayagain,hedidn’tlether.

(儿童情感的萌动和羞涩心理)读后续写链接（2021年新高考Ⅰ）ThepairwentdownthestairsquietlytotheKitchen.（害怕被发现）（Chapter3P11）Theideaseemedbittersweettohim.（丰富联想后内心的惆怅）（Chapter4P13）Hehatedshoes.Andhehatedhischurchlessons,butMaryandSidlovedthem.（讨厌束缚，热爱自由）（Chapter4P13-14）AlthoughTomdidn'treallycareabouthavinganewBible,heloved

theideaofbeingtheonlystudenttogetit.（爱出风头）（Chapter4P15）TheboyswhohadsoldtheirticketstoTomfeltterriblyjealousnow.（看同伴出风头，嫉妒）读后续写链接（2021年新高考Ⅰ）ThetwinswerefilledwithexcitementastheythoughtofthesurprisetheywereplanningforMother’sDay.（对母亲的爱）动作描写心理描写

Appreciatethelanguage（Chapter2P6）Saturdaymorningcameand,likeallSaturdays,itwasbrightandsunny.（阳光明媚)（Chapter4P13）Thesunroseoveraquietworldandlookedwarmlydownuponthepeacefulvillage.（村庄的祥和，宁静）读后续写链接（2017年浙江6月改编）Itwassopeacefulandquietandthecolorsofthebrownrocks,thedeepgreenpinetrees,andthelateafternoonsunmixedtocreateamagicscene.（通过声音，光线和色彩写出了景色的安静和优美）心理描写和动作描写环境描写（Chapter1P2）EventhoughshehadbeensoangrywithTom,shecouldn'thelplaughingandsaying

toherself.（对汤姆的包容和爱）（Chapter4P15）Tomsuddenlybecamefrightenedandembarrassed.Helookedathisfeet.（突然被问的窘境）（Chapter5P18）Tomwasbored,andittookallofhisstrengthtokeepfromfallingasleep.（厌烦而又无可奈何）（Chapter7P28）Shebecameembarrassedandaskedhimtolooktheotherway.（女孩情感萌动的羞涩）（Chapter6P23）Huckleberry'sclothingwasofteninverypoorcondition.Theywerealwaysdirty,andeithertoobigortoosmallforhim.（家境贫穷、身世可怜）（Chapter3P10）Andtherehesaw,forthefirsttime,abeautifulblue-eyedandyellow-hairedgirlplayinginthegarden.（美丽纯洁的女孩）（Chapter5P18）Andfinally,theywouldsaymanyprayers:prayersforthechurch,

forthepeopleofthevillage,forthevillageitself,forAmerica,andforpeopleincountriesallovertheworld.（Rhetoricalrepetition叠言）（Chapter5P19）He（thedog）toowantedsomethingfuntodo.（Personification拟人）（Chapter6P25）“I’vetoldyouahundredtimesnevertospeakwiththatboy!（Hyperbole夸张）外貌描写修辞手法Appreciatethelanguage汤姆的策略之声东击西、欲擒故纵、假痴不癫无处不在的幽默写作手法之Toshow,nottotellReflect:我们不一样Chapter1-7Question:WhatisTomlike?Answer:IhavetosayheisaMasterofstrategiesandpsychology.欲知why?且听我clarify.品读文字1.“Hey,thereissomethingbehindyou!”Andwhenhisauntturnedtolook,heranwayasfastashecould--chapter12.Tomknewhispantswerestillwetandbeforeshecouldtouchthemhequicklysaid,“becauseofthehotweather,someofuspouredwateronourheads.Youknow,tokeepcool.”--chapter1点评与反思：我高度怀疑Tom偷偷读过中国的《三十六计》，哈哈。他是策略大师。能虚晃一枪，从姨妈眼皮子底下脱身；为了不被识破下河洗澡的事实，及时转移话题，铺好退路，安全过关。真真小机灵鬼一个。Tom’sstrategies之声东击西Tom’sstrategies之欲擒故纵品读文字1.Tomdidn’tpayanyattentiontotheboat.Hepretendedtobeinterestedinhiswork.--chapter22.Tomdidn’treply.Hejustkeptmovinghisbrushupanddowntheboard--chapter2.3.Tomturnedsuddenly.“Oh,hithere.Ben.Ididn’tseeyou!”

--chapter24.Tomlookedathimstrangely.“Work?Whatwork?”--chapter25.“DoIlikeit?Iloveit!IwishIcoulddothismoreoften”--chapter26.“SorryBen.Ittakesaspecialpersontodoitwell.--chapter2点评与反思：Tom小小年纪，深谙人性。他明白inordertomakeamanoraboycovetathing,itisonlynecessarytomakethethingdifficulttoattain（为了让一个大人或一个小孩渴望干什么事，只需设法将这事变得难以到手就行了），多么深的领悟。正是凭着这种顿悟，虽然被迫刷墙，但战果辉煌，并在后来的爱情中一路高歌。Tom’sstrategies之假痴不癫Tom’steacherdidn’tlikeHuckleberryFinn.NoneofthestudentscouldunderstandwhyTomhadadmittedthis.Anyexcusewouldbebetterthanthisone.BillyacceptedTom’sofferandgavehimtheticket.点评与反思：他人笑我太疯癫，我笑他人看不穿。Tom知道自己想要什么，并付诸实践，执行力强。其他人纳闷Tom为什么要惹恼老师而自讨苦吃的时候，他其实已经满心欢喜地奔向了他的初心--Becky。他用自己刷墙积累的第一桶金收书票的时候，其他孩子没想到他已经不满足于“beingrich”,他走向了“beingrecognized”的心理满足之路。写作手法之toshow,nottotell1.Tompretendedtobedoingaverycarefuljob:paintingalittle,thensteppingbacktolookatwhathehaddonetomakesureitlookedOk,makingafewcorrectionsandthencontinuingtothenextboard.（Chapter2）2.Tomslowlywalkedovertowheretheflowerwas,lookedaround,and,afterseeingnoonewaslooking,pickeditupandputitunderhisshirt,nexttohisheart.3.Theysimplystaredateachotherandbegantowalkinacircle,neverlookingawayfromtheother’sface.4.Tomsuddenlybecamefrightenedandembarrassed.Helookedathisfeet.点评与反思：佩服马克吐温！画面感忒强了，简单几个动词的连续使用勾勒出了场景，读起来代入感强，人物形象跃然纸上。我们一直在给学生强调：toshow,nottotell.这就是活生生的例子啊。比如，第4句，写尴尬，一个盯着脚尖看，足矣。大家都有过类似经历吧，盯脚尖、摸鼻尖、捏衣角。这就是supportingdetail.无处不在的幽默Heevenworeshoes.--“even”一词用得妙！这小子居然穿鞋，揍他！

“Andthenyoucanrememberthisdayandyouwillbesohappythatyouattendedyourchurchlessons.”--

教堂出大糗，他必定会记得这一天的，sohappy就算了吧。3.Thedogwasangryandembarrassed.狗狗内心独白：我也是要面子的好吧？4.Theteachercollectedsticksthathefoundusefulforhittinghisstudentswithasapunishmentfortheirbadbehavior.

Most

of

his

supply

had

been

used

to

beat

Tom.--藤条的库存都用在汤姆身上了，这就是特供啊点评与反思：马克吐温不愧为幽默大师。包袱频出，令人忍俊不禁，这就是经典的魅力吧。反思:我们不一样品读文字1.Theparentswouldquietlytrytokeeptheirchildrenfrombehavingbadly.2.TomlikedSid,buthatedthathewasalwaysbeinga“goodboy”andtryingtopleaseAuntPolly.3.ExceptforWillieMufferson,whowasalways“wellbehaved”.Noneofthechildrenlikedhim,buthewasafavoriteamongtheadults.点评与反思：大人看来，小孩子就应该规规矩矩，tobewellbehaved.但是这种乖宝宝在其他孩子眼中却未必受欢迎。孩子不是流水线上千人一面的产品。叛逆有时候是最有创意的。当不再叛逆，可能就是平庸。所以，我们应该给孩子多元化发展的空间，心中有爱，眼里有光，有情有义有担当，方是少年应有的模样。西方人对狗有好感，认为它们忠诚、有灵敏的嗅觉和敏捷的身躯，把狗称为“man’sbestfriend”,很多西方国家把狗与人相提并论，因此很多谚语也与狗有关，如：Loveme,lovemydog.爱屋及乌。He’sanolddog.他是个老手。Agooddogdeservesagoodbone.好人好报。aluckydog幸运儿asfaithfulasadog像狗一样忠诚西方人眼中的狗中国则截然相反，从南北朝时期，“狗”就是个骂人的词。在现代汉语中也充斥着贬斥、否认、谩骂，如：狗咬吕洞宾，不识好人心。狗拿耗子多管闲事。狗嘴里吐不出象牙。狗仗人势、狗眼看人低等。中国人眼中的狗东西方文化“dog”的涵义对比Thatmorning,allofthefamiliesbegantheirdaybyprayingtogether.Aftersayinghismorningprayerswithhisfamily,TomstudiedtheBible,becausetodayhehadtogotoSundayschool.Andhehatedhischurchlessons,butMaryandSidlovedthem.(chapter4)基督教起源于巴勒斯坦地区，是世界上信仰人数最多的宗教。《圣经》TheBible是犹太教与基督教的共同经典，意为“文章”，后衍意为“经”。基督教做祷告pray是主动和超自然的力量沟通，来赞美、祈求、忏悔。英文pray本意就是表达某种愿望，同中国拜神祈福有异曲同工之处。此外，英美等国基督教在星期日对儿童进行宗教教育的学校称为主日学校，英文为Sunday

school,又名星期日学校。西方宗教文化--基督教“Now,Thomas,sharewithussomeofthingsyou'velearnedfromyourstudyoftheBible.Forinstance,tellusthenamesofthefirsttwofollowersofJesusChrist.”Butthetwonameswerealwaystogether.Heshoutedthemout:“DavidandGoliath”.ButDavidandGoliathhadnotbeenamongthetwelvegreatfollowersofJesusChrist.DavidwasaboyandGoliathamanofgreatsizeandstrength.Theywereenemies.AndDavidhadkilledGoliath.(chapter4)耶稣亲自挑选了十二门徒，亦称“十二使徒”。据基督教《圣经》福音书记载，耶稣从诸门徒中特选了十二个门徒，犹大出卖耶稣后死去，门徒补选了马提亚，仍为十二人。为什么耶稣不选十个人而要选十二个呢？因为“十二”这个数目