2018年6月英语四级真题（卷三）

2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套)PartI（30minutes）Directions:Forthispart,allowed30minuteswriteashortessayontheimportanceofspeakingabilityanddevelopshouldatleast120butnothan180________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartListeningComprehension(25minutes)说明：由于2018年6月四级考试全国共考了两套听力,本套真题听力与前两套内容相同,只是选项顺序不同,因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,apassagewithtenblanks.selectoneforeachblankalistofchoicesgivenabankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagemakingyourchoices.EachthebankidentifiedbyaPleasemarktheletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethemaynotuseofthethebankthanonce.Neon(霓虹)HongasredphoneboothsareLondonandfogSanFrancisco.Whennightfalls,redandandothercolors26ahazy(雾蒙蒙的)glowacityupbytensofthousandsofneonsigns.Butmanyofthemaregoingdark,27bypractical,butlessromantic,LEDs发光二极管).Changingbuildingcodes,tastes,andthehighcostofmaintainingthosewonderfuloldsignshavebusinessesembracingLEDs,whichare28,butcarrygreatcost.neonrepresentsmemoriesofthepast,"photographerSharonBlance,whoseseriesHongKongNeoncelebratesthefamoussigns."LookingatthenowIgetafeelingofamazement,mixedsadness."Buildinganeonsignpracticedby29trainedontheglasstubesinto30shapesletters.Theyfillthesetubesgasesthatglow1when31.Neonmakesorange,whileothergasesmakeyelloworblue.takesmanyhourscraftasinglesign.BlancespentaweekHongKongand32than60signs;ofthemappeartheseriesthatcapturethesignslightinguplonelystreets—an33thatmakeseasyadmiretheircolorsandcraftsmanship.thebeautiful,handcrafted,old-fashioned34ofneon,"Blance.Thesignsnothingthan35arestaurant,orotherbusiness,butsothemoststrikingwaypossible.A)alternativeB)approachC)castD)challengingE)G)electrifiedH)identifyphotographedJ)professionalsqualityreplacedM)stimulateN)symbolizesO)volunteersSectionBDirections:nthissection,yougoingapassagewithtenstatementsattachedEachstatementcontainsinformationgivenoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphwhichtheinformationderived.maychooseaparagraphonce.EachparagraphmarkedaAnswerthequestionsbymarkingtheletteronAnswerSheet2.NewJerseySchoolDistrictEaseson—BaringEthnicDivideA)Thisfall,Aderhold,thechiefofahigh-achievingschooldistrictnearPrinceton,Newsentparentsanalarming16Theschooldistrict,hesaid,wasfacingacrisis.studentswereoverburdenedandstressedout,havingcopetoomuchworkandtoomanydemands.thepreviousschool120andhighschoolstudentswererecommendedformentalhealthassessmentsand40werehospitalized.Andonasurveyadministeredbythedistrict,studentswrotethingslike,hategoingschool,"and"Comingoutof12thisdistrict,Ihavelearnedonething:thatagrade,apercentageorevenapointbevaluedoveranythingelse."B)hisAderholdinsertedRegionalSchoolDistrictintoanationaldiscussionabouttheintensefocusonachievementateliteschools,andwhetherhasgonetooAtfollow-upmeetings,heparentshimadvocatinga"wholechild"approachschoolingthatrespects"social-emotionaldevelopment"and"deepandmeaningfullearning"overacademicsalone.Thealternative,hesuggested,wasfacetheprospectofbecominganotherPaloAlto,California,whereoutsizeonteenagestudentshavecontributedaofsuicidesthelastsixyears.2C)ButinsteadofbringingAderhold'sletterrevealedadividethewhichhas9,700students,onethatbrokedownroughlyalongraciallines.OnonesidearewhiteparentslikeCatherineaformerpresidentoftheAssociationatherdaughter'sschool,whohascomeseethedistrict'sincreasinglypressuredatmosphereasopposedlearning."MysonwasfourthgradetoldnotgoingamountanythingbecauseIhavenothingputonmyresume,'"shesaid.OntheothersideareparentslikeMikeJia,oneofthethousandsofAsian-Americanprofessionalswhomovedthedistrictthepastdecade,whosaidAderhold'sreformswouldamounta"dumbingdown"ofhischildren'seducation."Whathappeningherereflectsanationalanti-intellectualtrendthatnotpreparechildrenforfuture,"Jiasaid.D)About10minutesfromPrincetonandhourandafromNewandPlainsborohavebecomepopularbedroomcommunitiesfortechnologyentrepreneurs,researchersandengineers,drawnpartbythepublicschools.thelastthreegraduatingclasses,seniorswereadmittedproducesScienceOlympiadwinners,classicallytrainedmusiciansandstudentsperfectscores.E)ThedistricthasbecomeincreasinglypopularimmigrantfamiliesfromChina,andKorea.This65percentofstudentsareAsian-American,compared44percent2007.ManyofthemarethefirsttheirfamiliesborntheUnitedTheyhavehadagrowinginfluencetheAsian-Americanparentsareenthusiasticsupportersofthecompetitiveinstrumentalmusicprogram.Theyhavebeenhugesupportersofthedistrict'sadvancedmathematicsprogram,whichoncebeganthefourthgradenowstartthesixth.Thechangetheprogram,which90percentofparticipatingstudentsAsian-American,oneofAderhold'sreforms.F)Asian-Americanstudentshavebeeneagerparticipantsastateprogramthatpermitsthemtakesummerclassescampusforhighschoolcredit,allowingthemmaximizethenumberofhonorsAdvancedPlacementclassestheycantake,anotherpracticethatAderholdlimitingthisschoolmanyAsian-Americanchildrenattendingsupplementaryinstructionalprograms,thereaperceptionamongwhitefamiliesthattheelementaryschoolcurriculumbeingspedaccommodateG)BothAsian-Americanandwhitefamiliessaythetensionbetweenthegroupsgrownsteadilyoverthepastfewyears,asthenumberofAsianfamilieshasrisen.ButthedivisionhasbecomeobviousrecentmonthsasAderholdhasmadechanges,includingno-homeworknights,anendhighschoolandfinals,andaninitiativethatmadeeasiertoparticipatetheprogram.3H)JenniferprofessorofsociologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,andanauthoroftheAsianAmericanAchievementParadox,misunderstandingbetweenfirst-generationAsian-Americanparentsandthosewhohavebeenthiscountrylongerarecommon.Whatwhitemiddle-classparentsdonotalwaysunderstand,shesaid,howmuchpressurerecentfeelboosttheirchildrentheclass."Theydon'thavethesamechancesgettheirchildreninternships实习职位)orjobsatlawfirms,"Leesaid.whattheybelievethattheirchildrenmustexcelandbeattheirwhitepeersacademicsettingstheyhavethechancesexcel"I)TheissueofthestressesbystudentseliteschooldistrictshasgainedattentionrecentyearsasschoolsplaceslikeNewton,Massachusetts,PaloAltohavereportedaofsuicides.hashadateenagesuiciderecentbutAderhold,whohasworkedthedistrictforsevenandbeenchiefforthelastthreesaidhehadseentroublingsigns.arecentartassignments,amiddleschoolstudentdepicted描绘)anoverburdenedchildwasbeingscoldedforearninganA,ratherthananA+,onaexam.theimage,themotherscoldsthestudentthewords,"Shameonhesaid,theNewJerseyEducationDepartmenthasflaggedatleasttwopiecesofwritingonstateEnglishlanguageassessmentswhichstudentsexpressedsuicidalthoughts.J)Thesurveycommissionedbythedistrictfoundthat68percentofhighschoolhonorandAdvancedPlacementstudentsreportedfeelingstressedaboutschoolormostofthetime."needbringbackbalance,"Aderholdsaid.wantwaituntilit'stoolatedosomething."K)Notallpublicopinionfallenalongraciallines.KarenSue,theChinese-Americanmotherofafifth-graderandanbelievesthecompetitionwithinthedistricthasgottenoutofcontrol.Sue,wasborntheUnitedimmigrantparents,wantsherdialback.becomeanrace,aneducationalrace,"shesaid.allwantkidsachieveandbesuccessful.Thequestionis,atwhatcost?"33336.Aderholdtheextraclassesthatstudentsallowedtakecampus.7.WhiteandAsian-AmericanparentsrespondeddifferentlyAderhold'sappeal.8.Suicidalthoughtshaveappearedstudents'writings.9.Aderhold'sreformoftheadvancedmathematicsprogramwillAsian-Americanstudents40.Aderholdappealedforparents'supportpromotinganall-rounddevelopmentofchildren,insteadoffocusingontheiracademicperformance.4441.OneChinese-Americanparentthinksthecompetitionthedistricthasgonetoo2.Immigrantparentsbelievethatacademicexcellenceallowtheirchildrenequalchancessucceedthefuture.43.ManybusinessmenandprofessionalshavemovedandPlainsborobecauseofthepublicschoolsthere.44.AnumberofstudentsAderhold'sschooldistrictwerefoundstress-inducedmentalhealthproblems.45.ThetensionbetweenAsian-AmericanandwhitefamilieshasincreasedrecentSectionCDirections:2passagesthissection.Eachpassagefollowedsomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachoffourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarktheletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethePassageQuestions46onfollowingpassage.thousandsofpeoplehaveknownthatthebestwayunderstandaconceptexplainsomeoneelse."Whileweteach,learn,"RomanphilosopherSeneca.Nowscientistsarebringingthisancientwisdomup-to-date.They'redocumentingwhyteachingsuchafruitfulwaylearn,anddesigninginnovativewaysforpeopleengageinstruction.Researchershavefoundthatstudentswhosignuptutorothersworkharderunderstandthematerial,recallaccuratelyandapplyitStudentteachersscorehigheronteststhanpupilslearningonlyfortheirownsake.Butcanchildren,learningthemselves,teachothers?Oneanswer:Theycantutoryoungerkids.studieshavefoundthatfirst-bornchildrenareintelligentthantheirlater-bornsiblings(兄弟姐妹).Thissuggeststheirhigherresultfromthetheyspendteachingtheirsiblings.Noweducatorsareexperimentingwaysapplythismodelacademicsubjects.Theyengagecollegeundergraduatesteachcomputersciencehighschoolstudents,whoturninstructschoolstudentsonthetopic.Butthemostcutting-edgetoolunderdevelopmentthe"teachableagent"—acomputerizedcharacterwholearns,tries,makesmistakesandasksquestionsjustlikeareal-worldpupil.Computerscientistshavecreatedananimated动画的)figurecalledBrain,whohasbeen"taught"aboutenvironmentalsciencebyhundredsofmiddleschoolstudents.teachersare5motivatedhelpBettymastercertainmaterials.Whilepreparingteach,organizetheirknowledgetheirownunderstanding.Andastheyexplaintheinformationtheyidentifyproblemstheirownthinking.Feedbackfromtheteachableagentsfurtherenhancesthetutors'learning.Theagents'questionscompelstudenttutorsthinkandexplainthematerialsdifferentways,andwatchingtheagentsolveproblemsallowsthemseetheirknowledgeputintoaction.Aboveall,theemotionsoneexperiencesteachingfacilitatelearning.Studenttutorsfeelupsetwhentheirteachableagentsfail,buthappywhenthesevirtualpupilssucceedastheyderiveprideandsatisfactionfromsomeoneaccomplishment.46.Whatareresearchersrediscoveringthroughtheirstudies?A)thinkingstillapplicableB)Betterlearnersbetterteachers.C)Humanintelligencetendsgrowage.D)Philosophicalthinkinginstruction.47.WhatdowelearnaboutBrain?A)acharacterapopularanimation.B)ateachingtoolunderdevelopment.C)acutting-edgeappindigitalgames.D)atutorforcomputersciencestudents.48.Howdoesteachingothersbenefitstudenttutors?A)makesthemawareofwhattheyarestrongat.B)motivatesthemtrynovelofteaching.C)helpsthemlearntheiracademicsubjectsD)enablesthembetterunderstandtheirteachers.49.WhatdostudentsdoteachtheirteachableA)TheymotivatethemthinkB)Theyaskthemdesigntheirownquestions.C)Theyencouragethempromptfeedback.6D)Theyusevariousexplainthematerials.0.Whatthekeyfactorthateasesstudenttutors'learning?5A)TheirsenseofB)Theiremotionalinvolvement.C)Thelearningstrategyacquired.D)Theteachingexperiencegained.PassageQuestions5155basedonfollowingpassage.Anewbatchofwomen—oftheso-calledMillennial(千禧的)generation—beenenteringtheworkforcethepastdecade.Atthestartinglinetheircareers,theyarebettereducatedthantheirmothersandgrandmothershadbeen—ortheiryoungcounterpartsareButwhentheylookahead,theyseeroadblockssuccess.Theybelievethatwomenarepaidlessthanfordoingthejob.Theythinkit'seasierforgettopexecutivejobsthanforthem.Andtheyassumethatandwhentheyhavechildren,beevenharderforthemadvancetheircareers.Whilethepublicseesgreaterworkplaceequalitybetweenandnowthandid2ago,mostbelievechangeneeded.AmongMillennialwomen,75%saythiscountryneedscontinuemakingchangesachievegenderequalitytheworkplace,compared57%ofMillennialmen.Evenso,relativelyfewyoungwomen(15%)saytheyhavebeendiscriminatedagainstatworkbecauseoftheirAsMillennialwomencomeofagetheysharemanyoftheviewsandvaluesaboutworkastheircounterparts.TheywantjobsthatprovidesecurityandandtheyplacerelativelylittleimportanceonhighAtthetime,workingwomenarelesslikelythanaimattopmanagementjobs:34%saythey'renotinterestedbecomingabossortopmanager;only24%ofsaythesame.Thegendergaponthisquestionevenwideramongworkingadultstheir30sand40s,manywomenfacethethatgoworkandmotherhood.ThesefindingsarebasedonanewPewResearchCentersurveyof2,002adults,including810