现代大学英语精读4-基础英语paraphrase

Unit1TextⅠThinkingasaHobbyParaphrasesoftheTextTheleopardwasNature,andhewasbeingnatural.(3)TheleopardsymbolizesNature,whichstandsforallanimalneedsordesires.美洲豹象征着自然，它在那里显得很自然而已。Naturehadendowedtherestofthehumanracewithasixthsenseandleftmeout.(15)Everybody,exceptme,isbornwiththeabilitytothin大自然赋予其余的所有的人第六感觉却独独漏掉了我。—Youcouldhearthewindtrappedinthecavernofhischestandstrugglingwithalltheunnaturalimpediments.Hisbodywouldreelwithshockandhisruinedfacegowhiteattheunaccustomedvisitation.(19)你能听到风被他的胸腔堵住，遇到障碍物艰难前进发出的声音。他的身体因为不习惯这样的感觉而摇摇晃晃，脸色变得惨白。Inthisinstance,heseemedtomerulednotbythoughtbutbyaninvisibleandirresistiblespringinhisneck.(20)Mr.Houghton’sdeedstoldmethathewasnotruledbythought,instead,hewouldfeelastrongurgetoturnhisheadandlookatthegirls.在这种情况下，我认为他不是受思想，而是受他后颈里某个看不到却无法抗拒的发条的控制。Technically,itisaboutasproficientasmostbusinessmen’sgolf,ashonestasmostpolitician’sintentions,ortocomenearmyownpreoccupation-ascoherentasmostbooksthatgetwritten.(23)Thisironicalsentenceshowsthattheauthornotonlyconsidersthosepeopleincompetent,dishonestandincoherentbutalsodespisesmostbusinessmen,distrustmostpoliticiansanddislikesmostpublications.从技术上而言，它娴熟如同商人玩高尔夫，诚实如同政客的意图，或者——更接近我自己的领域——有条理如同大多数写出来的书。$Wehadbetterrespectthem,forweareoutnumberedandsurrounded.(24)TheGrade3thinkersusuallyrepresentthegreatmajority,sowehastorespectthembecausewearesurroundedbythem.我们最好尊重他们，因为我们处于他们的包围之中，势单力薄。Manenjoysagreementascowswillgrazeallthesamewayonthesideofahill.(24)Theauthorthinksthatjustlikecowsalwayseatthegrassofthesamesideofahill,itisprobablyhumannaturetoenjoyagreementbecauseitseemstobringpeace,security,comfortandharmony.人是一种爱群居的动物，就象牛喜欢沿着山坡的同一条道路吃草一样喜爱共识。Islidmyarmroundherwaistandmurmuredbreathlesslythatifwewerecountingheads,theBuddhistsweretheboysformymoney.Shefled.ThecombinationofmyarmandthosecountlessBuddhistswastoomuchforher.(27)我伸手揽过她的腰屏住呼吸低声说，如果算人数我该捐钱给佛教徒。露丝的确是为我好，因为我人这么好。但是我的手臂加上那些数不胜数的佛教徒实在让她无法忍受了。}ItwasRuthalloveragain.Ihadsomeverygoodfriendswhostoodbyme,andstilldo.Butmyacquaintancesvanished,takingthegirlswiththem.(32)WhathadhappenedtoRuthandmenowhappenedagain.Mygrade-twothinkingfrightenedawaymanyofmyacquaintances.又是露丝的问题。我曾有一些很要好的朋友站在我这边，他们现在仍然站在我这边。但是我的熟人都不见了，带着他们的女孩子消失了。Unit2TextⅠSpringSowingParaphrasesoftheText...sleepandyetonfirewithexcitement,foritwasthefirstdayoftheirfirstspringsowingasmanandwife.(3)Althoughtheywerestillnotfullyawake,theyoungcouplewasalreadygreatlyexcited,becausethatdaywasthefirstdayoftheirfirstspringsowingsincegettingmarried.有些困乏，也很兴奋，因为这是他们作为夫妇第一个春播的第一天。`Butsomehowtheimminenceofaneventthathadbeenlongexpectedloved,fearedandpreparedformadethemdejected.(3)Thecouplehadbeenlookingforwardtoandpreparingforthisspringplantingforalongtime.Butnowthatthedayhadfinallyarrived,strangely,theyfeltsomehowabitdejected,unhappy,sad,ordepressed.但是随着春播的迫近，这一他们为之期待许久，热爱，害怕和准备的大事的临近，他们反而有些沮丧。Mary,withhershrewdwoman’smind,thoughtofasmanythingsasthereareinlifeasawomanwouldinthefirstjoyandanxietyofhermating.(3)Mary,likeallsharpandsmartwomen,thoughtofeverythingthatwasgoingtohappenintherestofherlife.Atthattime,shehadthecomplexthoughtsofawomanatthefirstcrucialmomentofhermarriage.Shewasfilledwithjoyandanxietyandwasbotheredbymanythoughts.玛丽用她精明的女性的思维，思考着一个女人在新婚生活中所得到的快乐和生活中的琐事。Martinfelloverabasketinthehalf-darknessofthebarn,hesworeandsaidthatamanwouldbebetteroffdeadthan...(4)Itwouldbebetterforhimtodiethantrippedoverabasket.*马丁再昏暗的谷仓中被一只篮子绊倒了。Andsomehow,astheyembraced,alltheirirritationandsleepinessleftthem.AndtheystoodthereembracinguntilatlastMartinpushedherfromhimwithpretendedroughnessandsaid:“Come,come,girl,itwillbesunsetbeforewebeginatthisrate.”(4)Alltheanger,unhappinessanddrowsinessmeltedawaywiththeirhug.TheyremainedineachothersarmsuntilfinallyMartinpushedheraway,withpretendedroughness.他们就这样拥抱着，直到最后马丁推开了玛丽，并假装强硬的说道：“来吧，快点，姑娘，再这样下去当我们开始时太阳都要下山了。”...astheywalkedsilently...throughthelittlehamlet,therewasnotasoulabout.(5)Whentheywalkedsilentlythroughthesmallvillage,theysawnotasinglepersonaround.当他们穿着生皮鞋穿过小村庄时，那还没有其他人。Andtheybothlookedbackatthelittleclusterofcabinsthatwasthecenteroftheirworld,withthrobbinghearts.Forthejoyofspringhadnowtakencompleteholdofthem.(5)—他们带着悸动的心跳同时回头看看村庄中相似的小屋，那就是他们生活的世界的中心。春播的喜悦已经紧紧地包裹住了他们。Supposeanybodysawuslikethisinthefieldofourspringsowing,whatwouldtheytakeusforbutapairofuseless,soft,empty-headedpeoplethatwouldbesuretodieofhunger?(12)Ifpeopleshouldseeuslikethis(withyourarmaroundmywaist),whatwouldtheythinkofus?Theyweresuretoregardusasapairofgood-for-nothings,peoplewhoareunabletoendurehardshipsandfoolishand,therefore,weresuretodieofhunger.“想想如果有人看到我们在春播的土地上这样，他们只会把我们当成一对没用、软弱、没脑子的会被饿死的傻瓜，呼!”Shebecamesuddenlyafraidofthatpitiless,cruelearth,thepeasant’sslavemaster,whichwouldkeepherchainedtohardworkandpovertyallherlifeuntilshewouldsinkagainintoitsbosom.(13)Shebecameafraidoftheearthbecauseitwasgoingtoforcehertoworklikeaslaveandforcehertostruggleagainstpovertyallherlifeuntilshediedandwasburiedinit.Itoverpoweredthatotherfeelingofdreadthathadbeenwithherduringthemorning.(17)Butwhenshesatandlookedaroundthevillage,thefieldsandthepeople,astrangefeelingofhappinessaroseinher.Thefeelingofjoydroveawaythefeelingofterrorthatshehadhadinthemorning.—Thestrongsmelloftheupturnedearthactedlikeadrugontheirnerves.(20)AllherdissatisfactionandwearinessvanishfromMary’smindwiththedeliciousfeelingofcomfortthatovercameherathavingdonethisworkwithherhusband.(34)Unit3TextⅠGroundlessBeliefsParaphrasesoftheTextTheyrestuponmeretradition,oronsomebody’sbareassertionunsupportedbyevenashowofproof......(1)Theyareonlybasedontradition,oronsomebody’sassertion,butarenotsupportedevenbytheleastamountofproof.这些说法仅仅根据传统，或者根据某人毫无证据的断言……>ButifthestaunchestRomanCatholicandthestaunchestPresbyterianhadbeenexchangedwheninfants,andiftheyhadbeenbroughtupwithhomeandallotherinfluencesreversed,wecanhadverylittledoubtwhattheresultwouldhavebeen.(3)Iftheywereexchangedwhentheywereinfantsandbroughtupdifferenthomesandunderdifferentinfluences,thenthestaunchestRomanCatholicwouldbethestaunchestPresbyterian,viceversa.Thisshowsthatourbeliefsarelargelyinfluencedbysurroundings.不过，如果在婴儿时期把最虔诚的罗马天主教徒和长老会教义信徒予以交换，然后使他们在相反的家庭与影响下长大，所能得出的结果是毋庸置疑的。Itisconsistentwithallourknowledgeofpsychologytoconcludethateachwouldhavegrownupholdingexactlytheoppositebeliefstothoseheholdsnow...(3)我们可以根据所掌握的心理学知识得出结论，两人长大后会持有与现在恰好相反的观点……Ofcoursewedonotcease,whenweceasetobechildren,toadoptnewreliefsonmeresuggestion.(4)Ofcourseitdoesnotmeanthatwhenwegrowupwenolongerhavethesemistakenbeliefs.Wearestilleasyandoftenwillingvictimsofnewspapersandadvertising.当然，我们长大后也不会停止仅仅根据建议接受新观点。}Weshouldrememberthatthewholehistoryofthedevelopmentofhumanthoughthasbeenfullofcasesofsuch“obvioustruths”breakingdownwhenexaminedinthelightofincreasingknowledgeandreason.(8)我们应该记住，在人类思想发展的整个历史过程中充满了这种“明显的真理”现象，经过人类不断增长的知识与理性的检验，这些“真理”不攻自破。Theage-longstruggleofthegreatestintellectsintheworldtoshakeoffthatassumptionisoneofthemarvelsofhistory.(9)世界上最伟大的学者们经过长期斗争否定了这一假设，这也是人类历史上的一大奇迹。Manymodernpersonsfinditverydifficulttocreditthefactthatmencanevenhavesupposedotherwise.(10)许多现代人发现很难相信人们曾有过另一种假设。Weadoptandclingtosomebeliefsbecause—orpartlybecause—it“pays”ustodoso.But,asarule,thepersonconcernedisaboutthelastpersonintheworldtobeabletorecognizethisinhimself.(14)Peopleswhoholdthosebeliefsthroughself-interestusuallywillnotadmitthis.Theyusuallytrytocloakthemselveswithbeautifulaltruisticwords.~我们之所以接受并且坚持某些观点的原因是——或者部分原因是——这样做对我们“有好处”。Thereismanyamanwhoisunconsciouslycompelledtoclingtoabeliefbecauseheisa“somebody”insomecircle—andifheweretoabandonthatbelief,hewouldfindhimselfnobodyatall.(15)Manypeopleareforcedtoholdabeliefbecausehehasbecomeanimportantpersoninhisgroup.Ifhegaveupthatbelief,hewouldturninsignificantatonce.许多人无意识地被迫坚持某种观点，因为他是某个圈子里的“重要人物”——如果他放弃这一观点，就会成为无足轻重的小人物。Somewhatsimilaristheacceptanceofanopinionthroughthedesire—probablynotrecognizedbythepersonconcerned—tojustifyhisownnature,hisownposition,orhisownbehaviour.(17)另一种类似的情况是有些人出于证明自己的性格、立场或行为的愿望而接受某一种观点，也许当事人不承认这一点。Unit4TextⅠLionsandTigersandBears.ParaphrasesoftheTextOfcourse,anybodywhoknowsanythingaboutNewYorkknowsthecity’sessentialplatitude---thatyoudon’twanderaroundCentralParkatnight---andinthat,needlesstosay,wastheappeal;itwasthethingyoudon’tdo.(1)EverybodywhoknowsNewYorkknowsthewidelydiscussedtopicthere,thatis,youshouldnotwanderinCentralParkatnightbecauseit’sdangerous.However,preciselybecauseoftherisk,therearealwayspeopleattractedtodoso.Theyjustwishtodowhatpeoplenormallydon’tdo.当然，了解纽约的人都知道关于这座城市老生常谈的话题——夜里不能在中央公园闲逛——而这，不用说，正是吸引力所在：它是你平常不会做得事情。Sofar,sonormal,andthiscouldhavebeenanoutdoorsummer-stockShakespeareproductionanywhereinAmerica,exceptinonerespect...(3)Andtonight’sperformancecouldbeanyoutdoorperformanceofShakespeare’splayoneregularlyfindsinsummerinAmerica.Therewasonlyonedifference.到目前为止，一切还算正常，这和美国任何地方在室外上演的莎士比亚夏令剧目没什么不同，除了一点：...therotatingredlightwaslikeacampfireinthewild,warningwhat’souttheretostayaway.(3)#旋转着的红色警灯就像野外的篝火，警告四周存在的威胁不要靠近。Igotmybearings.(6)Ifoundwhereiwas.我终于认清了方向。Theparkwastobestrolledthrough,enjoyedasanaestheticexperience,likeawalkinsideapainting.(7)人们漫步于公园，享受美的体验，犹如走进一幅油画中一样。Iwasemboldenedbytherealization:Iwasnolongerafraid;Iwasfrightening.(9)意识到这点，我的胆子就大了起来：我不再害怕了，令人害怕的是我。Theparkisnowframed,envelopedeven,bythecity,buttherewasnoescapingtherecognitionthatthecity—contrived,man-made,glaringobtrusive,consumingwastefulandstaggeringquantitiesofelectricityandwaterandenergy---wasverybeautiful.(12)Buttherewasnodenyingthefact(youhavetoadmit)thatthecitywasverybeautiful,althoughitwasnotanaturalkindofbeauty,itwasartificialandshowy,anditusedupagreatamountofwaterandenergy.&公园现在被镶嵌在城市中，甚至被城市包裹，但不可否认的是这座城市——这座经过雕琢的、人工打造的、灯火辉煌Andthen,naturefindingherselfunabletoresist,itstartedtopour.(24)Unit9TextⅠTheDamnedHumanRaceParaphrasesoftheTextThatistosay,Ihavesubjectedeverypostulatethatpresenteditselftothecrucialtestofactualexperiment,andhaveadopteditorrejecteditaccordingtotheresult.(para.2)Inotherwords,Ihaveputeverytheoryorhypothesisthereistothedecisivetestofactualexperiment.也就是说，通过实验，我对每一种假设都进行了检测，并根据实验结果采纳或者否定了这一假设。Iwasawarethat…havenotscrupledtocheattheignorantandthehelplessoutoftheirpoorservingsinordertopartiallyappeasethatappetite.(para.4)—Iknewthatmanymanwhohavemoremoneythantheycaneverusehaveshownamaddesiretogetmore,andtheyhavenotedtocheatpoorpeopleandtheirfewsavinginordertoythatdesire.我意识到，许多人虽然聚敛了不计其数的财富，然而他们仍然渴望更多，并且从无知又无助的人身上肆无忌惮地夺取微薄的财富，以便来平息心中的愿望。Menkeepharemsbutitisbybruteforce,privilegedbyatrociouslawswhichtheothersexwereallowednohandinmaking.(para.6)人妻妾成群，只是依靠暴力，由暴力的法律来授予特权。然而女性是无权参与制定这些法律的。Hewillnotevenenteradrawingroomwithhisbreastandbacknaked,soaliveareheandhismatestoindecentsuggestion.(para.8)他甚至不会裸露着乳房和屁股走进卧室，但他和同伴对下流的暗示又十分敏感。No---ManistheAnimalthatBlushes.Heistheonlyonethatdoesit---orhasoccasionto.(para.8)No,manisnottheonlyanimalthatlaughs,butitistruethatmanistheanimalthatblushes.Heistheonlyanimalthatdoesitorhastheneedto.[不——人是会脸红的动物。是唯一会脸红的动物——或者说有必要脸红。Man---whenheisKingJohn,withanephewtorenderuntroublesome,heusesared-hotiron;(para.9)InthecaseofKingJohnwhowantedtogetridofhisnephewheusedared-hotirontotorturehim.当他作为约翰国王的时候，为了除掉侄子，他会用烧红的烙铁来折磨他；Thecatismoderate---unhumanlymoderate,sheonlyscaresthemouse,shedoesnothurtit;shedoesn’tdigoutitseyes,ortearoffitsskin,ordrivesplintersunderitsnails---man-fashion;whensheisdoneplayingwithitshemakesasuddenmealofitandputsitoutofitstrouble.(para.9)猫是适度的——与人不同的是它在吓唬老鼠，并不去伤害它。它不去挖老鼠的眼睛，剥它的皮，或者把木条钉进它的指甲里——像人一样。在它戏弄玩老鼠之后，他、便突然把它当饭吃了，使它脱离痛苦。Hesetshimselfapartinhisowncountry,underhisownflag,andsneersattheothernations,andkeepsmultitudinousuniformedassassinsonhandatheavyexpensetograbslicesofotherpeople’scountries…(para.13)ItisclaimedthatmanistheonlyPatriot.Onlymaniscapableofsuchnoblesentiment.Butwhatdoesitmean?Itsimplymeansthathekeepshimselfawayfromothers,occupiesapieceofland,callsithisowncountry,andthinksthatheisbetterthanothers,thenheputsupaflagandgatherstogetheragroupofkillersandstealslandfromothers.·他打着国旗，在自己的国度里自诩与众不同，并嘲笑其他国家。他不惜花费重金，屯兵无数，就是为了吞噬大片他人的国土HeistheonlyanimalthathastheTrueReligion,severalofthem.Heistheonlyanimalthatloveshisneighborashimself,andcutshisthroatifhistheologyisn’tstraight.Hehasmadeagraveyardoftheglobeintryinghishonestbesttosmoothhisbrother’spathtohappinessandheaven.(para.14)Intryingtomakeiteasyforhisbrothertofindhappinessandgotoheaven,hehasturnedtheworldintoagraveyard(hehascausedthedeathofmillionsaroundtheworldinconvertingthemtohisreligion)人是唯一信仰宗教的的动物。他是唯一信奉正统宗教——几种宗教的动物，也是唯一爱邻居就像爱自己一样的动物，如果邻居的神学理论不纯正，人就割断她的喉咙。他把全球变成了一个大墓地，千方百计为他的兄弟谋求幸福，为其上天堂铺平道路。Thehigheranimalshavenoreligion.Andwearetoldthattheyaregoingtobeleftout,intheHereafter.Iwonderwhy?Itseemsquestionabletaste.(para.14)Andwearetoldthattheywillnotbeallowedtogotothenextworld(heaven).Iwonderwhy?Itseemstoshowpoortastetoleaveoutthehigheranimalandallowonlyhumanbeingstogotoheaven.高级动物没有宗教信仰。我们被告知，它们死后将被排除在天堂之外。我不明白这是为什么？看来这是值得怀疑的选择标准。Unit11TextⅠSoldier’sHeart《ParaphrasesoftheTextThereisabriefpurringsound,thenarhythmicdrumming.(para.2)Thereisthesoundoftheplanedroppingbombsorgunsfiringshellsrhythmically.…itwasthecourseforupperdivisionstudentsknownasthecolloquium.(para.4)Idon’tsupposemanyofoursoldiersintheGulfWarhavesufferedfromit-