3s技术及其应用进展智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下东北林业大学

3s技术及其应用进展智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下东北林业大学东北林业大学

第一章测试

A()isacomputersystemforcapturing,storing,querying,analyzing,anddisplayinggeospatialdata.

A:RemoteSensing(RS)

B:GlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)

C:GeographicInformationSystem(GIS)

D:GlobalNavigationSatelliteSystems(GNSS)

答案:GeographicInformationSystem(GIS)

()explicitlyexpressesthespatialrelationshipsbetweenfeatures,suchastwolinesmeetingperfectlyatapoint.

A:Vectordata

B:Polygons

C:Topology

D:Rasterdata

答案:Topology

Therasterdatamodeluses()torepresentspatialfeatures.

A:Pointfeatures

B:Polygonfeatures

C:Agridandgridcells

D:Linefeatures

答案:Agridandgridcells

Thevectordatamodeluses()torepresentspatialfeatureswithaclearspatiallocationandboundary.

A:Pixels

B:Points

C:Polygons

D:Lines

答案:Points

;Polygons

;Lines

ThemostexpensivepartofaGISprojectisdataacquisition,andtwobasicoptionsfordataacquisitionare().

A:Useexistingdata

B:Scanning

C:Createnewdata

D:Manualdigitizing

答案:Useexistingdata

;Createnewdata

Feature-basedquerycaninvolveeitherattributeorspatialdata.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Bufferingcombinesgeometriesandattributesfromdifferentlayerstocreatetheoutput.（）

A:错B:对

答案:错

GISmodelscanbegroupedintofourgeneraltypes:binarymodel，indexmodel，regressionmodel，andmathematicmodel.（）

A:错B:对

答案:错

Azonaloperationofrasterdataanalysisoperatesonagroupofcellswithsamevaluesorlikefeatures.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

Aprocessmodelintegratesexistingknowledgeabouttheenvironmentalprocessesintherealworldandquantifiestheprocesseswithasetofrelationshipsandequations.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

第二章测试

A（）isamathematicalmodeloftheEarth,whichservesasthereferenceorbaseforcalculatingthegeographiccoordinatesofalocation.

A:geodeticcoordinates

B:spheroid

C:geoid

D:datum

答案:datum

（），anevencloserapproximationoftheEarth,hasanirregularsurface,whichisaffectedbyirregularitiesinthedensityoftheEarth'scrustandmantle.

A:Datum

B:Thegeoid

C:Spheroid

D:Meansealevel

答案:Thegeoid

Whichfollowingprojectionsareconformalprojections?()

A:TransverseMercatorprojection

B:Albersequal-areaconicprojection

C:Lambertconformalconicprojection

D:Mercatorprojection

答案:TransverseMercatorprojection

;Lambertconformalconicprojection

;Mercatorprojection

WhichfollowingcharacteristicsbelongtoTransverseMercatorprojection?()

A:Conformal

B:Usestandardmeridian

C:Nolengthdistortiononstandardmeridian

D:Anequivalentprojection

答案:Conformal

;Usestandardmeridian

;Nolengthdistortiononstandardmeridian

5IfIwanttopreservedirectionduringprojection,Ineedtochoose()mapprojection.

A:Azimuthalprojection

B:ConformalprojectionC:EquidistantD:Equivalentprojection

答案:Azimuthalprojection

Theprincipalscaleappliesonlytothestandardlineinamapprojection.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Theprojectionyouchoosesignificantlyaffectsthepropertiesofalarge-scalemapbuthaslesseffectonthepropertiesofasmall-scalemap.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

8Amapprojectionallowsustoworkwithlongitudeandlatitudevaluesratherplanecoordinates.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

9Astandardlinereferstothelineoftangencybetweentheprojectionsurfaceandthereferenceglobe,includingstandardparallelandstandardmeridian.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

TheoriginoflocaldatumisatthecenteroftheEarth.()

A:对B:错

答案:错

第三章测试

The(

)ofarasterreferstothenumberofbitsforstoringcellvalues,ahigher()meansthatthecellcanstoreawiderrangeofvalues.

A:Cellsize

B:Rasterpixels

C:Rasterformat

D:Celldepth

答案:Celldepth

Thecell()isthesizeofthearearepresentedbyasinglecell.

A:range

B:depth

C:values

D:size

答案:size

Whichprocedureconvertsvectordatatorasterdata?()

A:Digitization

B:InteractiveTracing

C:Rasterization

D:AutomaticVectorization

答案:Rasterization

Thespatialdatacouldcomefrom()。

A:X-YCoordinates

B:Digitaldata

C:GPS/RemoteSensing

D:Papermaps

答案:X-YCoordinates

;Digitaldata

;GPS/RemoteSensing

;Papermaps

Whichofthefollowingeventsbelongtothecontinuousviewofspatialphenomena（）。

A:temperature

B:epicentresofearthquakes

C:soilcharacteristics

D:elevation

答案:temperature

;soilcharacteristics

;elevation

Connectivity,adjacency,andcontainmentaretopologicrelationships.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Thethreebasicstepsofvectorizationincludelinethinning,lineextraction,andtopologicalreconstruction.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

TopologicalrelationshipsbetweenspatialfeaturesallowGISuserstoperformspatialdataquery.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Manualdigitizingissimilartoheads-updigitizinginthewaythelineshavetobetracedbyhand,butitworksdirectlyonthecomputerscreenusingthescannedrasterimageasbackground.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

Awidevarietyofdatausedingeographicinformationsystems(GIS)areencodedinvectorformat.Theyincludedigitalelevationdata,satelliteimages,digitalorthophotos,scannedmaps,andgraphicfiles.（）

A:错B:对

答案:错

第四章测试

（）markedthebeginningoftheacquisitionofaerialphotographyonaroutinebasis.

A:WorldWarI

B:Early1800s

C:In1909

D:SatelliteRemoteSensing

答案:WorldWarI

（）isthefirstofmanyEarth-orbitingsatellitesdesignedforobservationoftheEarth’slandareas.

A:QUICKBIRD

B:SPOT

C:IKONOS

D:Landsat1

答案:Landsat1

ThethreemostimportantcontributionsofLandsatSatellitesinclude().

A:Oneexampleofhyperspectralremotesensing

B:TheroutineavailabilityofmultispectraldataforlargeregionsoftheEarth’ssurface.

C:Itsroleasamodelfordevelopmentofotherlandobservationsatellitesdesignedandoperatedbydiverseorganizationsthroughouttheworld.

D:Tocreateanincentivefortherapidandbroadexpansionofusesofdigitalanalysisforremotesensing.

答案:TheroutineavailabilityofmultispectraldataforlargeregionsoftheEarth’ssurface.

;Itsroleasamodelfordevelopmentofotherlandobservationsatellitesdesignedandoperatedbydiverseorganizationsthroughouttheworld.

;Tocreateanincentivefortherapidandbroadexpansionofusesofdigitalanalysisforremotesensing.

Accordingtotheplatform,remotesensingcanbeclassifiedas()。

A:TerrestrialRemoteSensing

B:AirborneRemoteSensing

C:MicrowaveRemoteSensing

D:SpaceRemoteSensing

答案:TerrestrialRemoteSensing

;AirborneRemoteSensing

;SpaceRemoteSensing

（）belongtoactiveremotesensing.

A:Sunlightphotography

B:Flashphotograph

C:LiDAR.

D:SONAR

答案:Flashphotograph

;LiDAR.

;SONAR

Accordingtotheapplicationfield,remotesensingcouldbeclassifiedasagricultureremotesensing,forestryremotesensing,atmosphericRemoteSensing,oceanographicalRemoteSensing,geologicalremotesensing,andmilitaryremotesensingandsoon.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

DuringWorldWarI,useoftheelectromagneticspectrumwasextendedfromthevisiblespectrumtootherregions,mostnotablytheinfraredandmicrowaveregions.（）

A:错B:对

答案:错

ByDecember1999,NASAhadlaunchedTerra-1,thefirstsatelliteofasystem(EarthObservationSystem,EOS)specificallydesignedtoacquireglobalcoveragetomonitorchangesinthenatureandextentofEarth’secosystems.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

ActiveremotesensingemploysinstrumentsdesignedtosenseenergyemittedbytheEarth,notenergygeneratedbyasensor.()

A:错B:对

答案:错

RemoteSensingreferstothepracticeofderivinginformationabouttheEarth’slandandwatersurfacesusingimagesacquiredfromanoverheadperspective,usingelectromagneticradiationinoneormoreregionsoftheelectromagneticspectrum,reflectedoremittedfromtheEarth’ssurface.()

A:对B:错

答案:对

第五章测试

Whatisthemostpossibleemissivityforablackbodyof4000K?()

A:0.8B:1C:0

D:0.5

答案:1

Eachofthethreesubtractiveprimariesabsorbs（）ofthevisiblespectrum.

A:onethird

B:Half

C:All

D:Twothirds

答案:onethird

Byphysicallymovingtheobject,thekineticenergyoftheobjectistransferredfromoneplacetoanother.Thiskindofenergytransferis()。

A:Conduction

B:Transfer

C:Radiation

D:Convection

答案:Convection

Whichgasisresponsibleforthemostabsorptionofsolarradiation?()

A:CO2

B:N2C:O3D:H2O

答案:H2O

Whichtermdescribestheenergyemittedfromaunitarea?()

A:RadiantfluxB:RadiationC:Radiantexitance

D:Irradiance

答案:Radiantexitance

Conductionistheonlyformofenergytransferthatcantakeplaceinavacuum.()

A:对B:错

答案:错

Theemissivityofatrueblackbodyis0,andthatofawhitebodywouldbe1.（）

A:错B:对

答案:错

NearinfraredradiationissolarradiationreflectedfromtheEarth’ssurface,andiscalledreflectiveinfrared.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Asblackbodiesbecomehotter,thewavelengthofmaximumemittanceshiftstoshorterwavelengths.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

Thosewavelengthsofelectromagneticradiationsthatarerelativelyeasilytransmittedthroughtheatmospherearereferredtoasatmosphericwindows.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

第六章测试

Ifthenominalspatialresolutionofthepanbandofaremotelysensedimageryis30m,whatisthemostpossiblenominalspatialresolutionofthemultispectralbandsoftheimagery?()

A:10mB:20mC:30mD:50m

答案:50m

TheradiometricresolutionofHRVIRsensorcarriedbySPOT-4is8bit,howmanytonelevelsdoestheHRVIRimageryhave?()

A:256B:1024C:2048

D:512

答案:256

Whichdatasourcebelongstoactiveremotesensing?()

A:Quickbirdimagery

B:RADARC:IKONOSD:Orthophoto

答案:RADAR

（）waslaunchedin1972asthefirstsatellitetailoredspecificallyforbroad-scaleobservationoftheEarth'slandareas.

A:MODIS

B:QuickBird

C:SPOT

D:Landsat

答案:Landsat

Spectralresolutionreferstothe()inelectromagneticspectrumtowhicharemotesensinginstrumentissensitive.

A:Thenumberofbandwidth

B:Thesizeofbandwidth

C:Frequency

D:bandlocation

答案:Thenumberofbandwidth

;Thesizeofbandwidth

;bandlocation

Imagetoneisthefrequencyoftonalchangeonanimage,ortheapparentroughnessorsmoothnessofanimageregion.()

A:错B:对

答案:错

Geostationaryorbitthatisdesignedtoreducevariationsinilluminationbysystematicallymoving(precessing)theorbitaltracksuchthatitmoveswestward360°eachyear.()

A:对B:错

答案:错

Ifweresampleanimageof3030mto1515m,weimprovethespatialresolutionoftheimage.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

Fordigitalimagingsystem,theresolvingpowerofdigitalimagingsystemdependsoninstantaneousfieldofview(IFOV)andgroundsampleddistance(GSD).（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

ThegeostationarysensorsarestationarytotheEarthandalwaysstareatthesamelocationontheEarthsurface,so,thetemporalresolutionismeaninglesstothedesignofgeostationarysatellites.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对

第七章测试

WhichisNOToneofthecomponentsofGPS?()

A:SpacecomponentB:ControlcomponentC:UsercomponentD:Mechaniccomponent

答案:Mechaniccomponent

Atleast()satellitesarerequiredtocalculatethedistancefromthesatellitetothereceiver.

A:Six

B:Four

C:Three

D:Five

答案:Four

ThenaturalerrorsthatcauseGP