安徽省淮北市树人高级中学2020-2021学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题

安徽省淮北市树人高级中学20202021学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whataretheydoing?A.Takingatrip. B.Workingonafarm. C.Feedingthecow.2.WhenwillthemangotoMongolia?A.InJune. B.InJuly. C.InAugust.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inalaboratory. B.Inalibrary. C.Inacafé.4.Whydoesthemanfailtorentthisapartment?A.Hewantstorentasmallerone. B.Hethinksitistooexpensive. C.Heintendstoshareaflat.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.John’shairstyleisgreat.B.John’shairstyledoesn’tfithim.C.John’shairstyleisdifferentfromhisfriends’.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whoistheman?A.Acarseller. B.Thewoman’sfriend.C.Thewoman’shusband.7.Whydoesthewomanwanttobuyacar?A.Todrivetowork. B.Todriveherkidstoschool.C.Todriveonholidays.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatcanweknowfromtheman?A.It’stoocoldtorunoutside.B.It’shealthytorunincoldweather.C.It’sgoodforlungstorunoutside.9.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodorightnow?A.Sleepinbed. B.Gethergymclothes. C.Domakeup.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whywillthewomanhaveadinnerparty?A.Tochatwiththedoctor. B.Tocelebrateherpaper.C.Towelethechairman.11.Whenwillthemane?A.Ataround6:30onSaturday.B.Ataround7:00onSaturday.C.Ataround7:00onSunday.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthegirl?A.Sheispretty. B.Sheisfriendly. C.Sheishardworking.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethegirl’soldshoeslike?A.Theyarelovely. B.Theyarecasual. C.Theyareold.14.What’swrongwiththefirstpairofshoesthegirltrieson?A.Theydon’tmatchthedress. B.Theyareoutofstyle.C.Theyfeelunfortable.15.Howmuchdoesthegirlhavetopay?A.130dollars. B.230dollars. C.260dollars.16.Whatdoweknowaboutthegirl?A.Sheiswearingareddress.B.Sheboughtapairofyellowshoes.C.Shewillweartheredshoeshome.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdocolorsmeantodrivers?A.Lifesavinginformation. B.Meansoftransportation. C.Trafficpolice.18.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentioned?A.Colorscanchangepeople’smood.B.Colorscanmakepeoplebeautiful.C.Colorscanincreasepeople’sappetite.19.Whatismoreimportantinasportspetition?A.Luckandability. B.Luckandpsychology. C.Abilityandpsychology.20.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofartists’works?A.Theyareascolorfulasarainbow.B.Theyaremorecolorfulthanarainbow.C.Theyaremorebeautifulthanarainbow.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。AInJuly2017,heAericanSpaceAgenc（NASA）adittedonothavingnoughnnleanstosdanonMrsforthepuposeofxpringit.Theewshadtefectofabafterfveeasofunicatonnddveopentforhisspceeplortonpoect.Adt,afewonthseforetisaonceent,tetohusesofheUSngressotdaawoudefutureNASAtasks.Aonghesetaskswasanihbiedripoarsin233.Intheeatie,NASAisfocusigonhears00issionybuidngtsrover（漫游者),whichwillbeequppedwthaseiesofnewscenificnstruents.Thisnewachinewillalsookaotlikeurositywhichadedonteredlnetn02.heissionMars200aistoassessthelivabltyofhepanetandpossiblyidentifypotentaltracksoflifeesterdayndtoda.Atarecntpessconferene,forerUSastoatomJonesanucedthatNASscurrentbdgtcudnotsleoeecncalpobesfor25ears.Tus,itostoesthefirstihaidissionofheagncytoarsin03.hesbjctcnceredainyentiondanydaagesthtwilafettheodyofstronuts.Inded,tetipoarsoudbepltedinneonthsbyconideigheurrentteholgesandheomentwhenhepantsarelosertoeahohe.Howve,perodsfweightlesnesthtaretoolonga,inpartcula,causealackofcalciu.Infact,itinfluencesthebnesofstronuts.Inddton,hisanedosgificntdaageofvison.Aquarterofaceturyisneddodvopnewtcolgestooveheseprbes.Forexample,theeishequesonofdvlpngucearprpulin（进）systes.Indeed,itcouldreduetrvlties.Finall,theeisalsotheideaofsigigsoethigtoalowastronautsohiernte（眠）duringthetrip!21.WhatadeNASAputofsihaitdissio?A.Objetonofscinists. .helivingondiions..heaageoeah. D.Ashortaeoffus.22.WhchisigtbutteMars00ssioA.Ithasbeenputoff. B.Itistoevaluatethepossibilityforourliving.C.ItsaimistosendmantoMars. 23.Whtstheainieaofheastpargrp?A.hepobesexistingnowadays. B.Theaccuacyoftavlies..hetetodvlptehooies. D.heudaeofnwdeices.BWhenNoahReadyCampbellwasayoungadult,heworkedforhisfather’sconstructionpany.Backthen,hedreamedofadaywhenrobotsmighttakeoverthedirty,repetitive（重复的）partsofhisjob,suchasearthmoving.Yearslater,ReadyCampbelllefthisjobasanengineerwithGoogletomakethatdreametrue.ReadyCampbellformedapanycalledBuiltRobotics,whichdevelopstechnologytoproduceselfdrivingheavyequipment.ReadyCampbellsaysthepany’sgoalistomakeconstructionsafer,fasterandlesscostly.Theconstructionindustrystrugglestofindskilledworkersandfacesagrowingnumberofunfinishedprojects.Butselfoperatingmachinesarechangingthenatureofbuilding.WorkersatBerichMasonryinEnglewood,BrianKennedyagrees,too.HisorganizationsupportstherightsofconstructionworkersintheUnitedStatesandCanada.Kennedysaystheunionisnotworriedthatmachineswillreplacehumanworkersanytimesoon.Theriseofconstructionrobotsesasthebuildingindustryfacesaseveredecreaseinlaborsupply.Onerecentstudyshowedthat70percentofconstructionbusinesseshaveadifficulttimefindingskilledworkers.MikeMoyheadsaminingoperationforthebuildingmaterialssupplierLehighHanson.Hesaysit’sdifficulttofindpeoplewhoevenknowhowtooperatesomeofthenecessaryequipment.“Nobodywantstogettheirhandsdirtyanymore.Theywantanice,cleanjobinanoffice,”henoted.28.WhatdoesthefirstparagraphsayaboutNoahReadyCampbell?A.Heenjoysdoingrepetitivework. B.HeisnowanemployeeofGoogle.C.Heusedtoworkinconstructionfield. D.HejoinedGoogletorealizethatdream.29.WhichofthefollowingisoneoftheaimsofBuiltRobotics?A.Increasingconstructionspeed. B.Enlargingconstructionquantity.C.Improvingconstructiondesigns. DChangingconstructionsteps.30.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSAMfromthetext?A.Itcantotallyreplacehumanbricklayers. B.Itisplexlybuiltbuteasytooperate.C.Itisunabletoworkpletelyautomatically.D.Itischeapbutworksmuchfasterthanhumans.31.InMikeMoy’sopinion,whatpreventsmanyconstructionbusinessesfromfindingskilledworkers?A.Theirlowpay.B.Theirpotentialrisks.C.Theirheavyworkloads. D.Theirpoorworkingconditions.CIfyougetyournewsfromsocialmedia,youarefacedwithadailynumberofhoaxes（恶搞）,rumors,andmisleadingnews.Whenit’sallmixedinwithreliableinformationfromhonestsources,thetruthcanbeveryhardtojudge.Inface,myresearchteam’sanalysisofdatafromColumbiaUniversity’sEmergentrumortrackersuggeststhisfalseinformationisjustaslikelyastospreadcrazilyasreliableinformation.Ourresearchshowsthatinviewofthestructureofoursocialnetworksandourlimitedattention,itisunavoidablethatsomepopularunconfirmedinformationwillspreadquickly,regardlessoftheirquality.Evenifindividualstendtoshareinformationofhigherquality,thenetworksasawholeisnoteffectiveattellingthedifferencebetweenreliableandfakeinformation.Thishelpsexplainallthehoaxesweobserveinthewild.Besides,ourattentionislimited.Ifwepayattentiontoacertaintopic,moreinformationonthetopicwillbeproduced.It’scheapertofakeinformationandpassitoffasfactthanitistoreportactualtruth.Wecanmakeourfightagainstfalsenewsmoreefficientlyifwebetterunderstandhowfalseinformationspreads.If,forexample,robotsareresponsibleformanypiecesofthefalsenews,wecanfocusattentionondetectingthem.Tothatend,ourlabisbuildingaplatformcalledHoaxytotrackandmonitorthespreadofunreliableinformationonsocialmedia.Thatwillgiveusrealworlddata,withwhichwecaninformourimitatedsocialnetworks.Thenwecantestpossibleapproachestofightfalsenews.Hoaxymayalsobeabletoshowpeoplehoweasyitistheiropiniontobemisrepresentbyonlineinformationandhowlikelysomeofusaretosharefalsenewsonline.HoaxywilljoinasetoftoolsinourObservatoryonSocialMedia,whichallowsanyonetoseehowfalseinformationspreadontheInternet...Itisnecessarythatwespendresourcesonthestudyofthisphenomenon.Weneedallhandsondecks:puterscientists,socialscientists,economists,journalistsandindustrypartnersmustWorktogethertoflightagainstthespreadoffalseinformation.27.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthenewsfromsocialmedia?A.It’smissedandhardtotellitstruth. B.It’sneithertruenorworthbelieving.C.It’sallfalseandmisleadsus. D.It’sreliableandworthbelieving.28.Somepopularunconfirmedinformationwillspreadquicklybecauseof_______.A.itshigherqualityandspreadingspeedB.itsstructureofsocialnetworksandourlimitedattentionC.itslowercostoffabricationandpassingitofD.thenetworks’notbeingabletotellthetrutheffectively.30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefunctionsoftheplatformcalledHoaxy?A.trackingandmonitoringthespreadofunreliablenewsonsocialmedia.B.testingpossibleapproachestoflightfalsenews.C.helpingpeopletoseehowtrueinformationspreadontheinternet.D.showingpeoplehoweasyitistheiropinioncontrolledbyonlinenews.31.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tocallonpeopletostudyandfightagainstfalsenewstogether.B.ToletallpeoplebuyaplatformcalledHoaxy.C.Towarnpeoplehowseriouslyfalsenewsspreadonline.D.Totellpeoplehowtopreventfalsenewsfromspreading.DWhyisitthatbiglifedecisionswhethertohavekids,marryaspecificperson,chooseonejoboveranothercanbesoworrying?Obviously,itisbecausetheyreallymatter.Yet,oncloserinspection,thatcannotbethewholestory.Otherdecisions“reallymatter”,too:whethertoseekmedicalhelpwhenyoubreakyourleg;whethertouseaglovetohandleanextremelyhotdish.Buttheyarenotworryingatall.Theyaresostraightforwardthatitsoundsstrangeeventothinkofthemasdecisions.Perhapswhatmakesdecisionsworryingisthattheymatterandthereistoomuchuncertaintytoknowwhichoptiontochoose.Thatsoundsmorereasonable.ButastheUSpsychologyprofessorTaniaLombrozopointsout,ifnosingleoptionclearlystandsout,thenyourdecisiondoesnotmuchmatter.Youcouldjustflip(掷)acoin,or,asLombrozoputsit:“Harddecisionsshouldbeeasy.”ThisisFredkin’sparadox(悖论),whichcanbeexplainedas“Themoreequallyattractivetwoalternativesseem,theharderitcanbetochoosebetweenthen.But,tosomedegree,thechoicecanonlymatterless.”Sinceyouareunabletoknowhowthingswillturnout,overthinkingisuseless.Weworrymuch,asifhopingthroughgreateffortstoseeintothefuture.Intheworstcase,weendupchoosingnoneofthepotentiallygoodoptions,butaverybadone,instead.Thatappliestothehungryandthirstydonkey(驴),positionedbetweengrassandwater,andstaysrootedtothespot,thusstarvingtodeath.MerelyknowingaboutFredkin’sparadoxprobablywillnotreduceyourtendencytooverthinking.Butitcanprovidefortwhenadecisionturnsouttohavebeenbad.Youcanremindyourselfthatyoutrulycouldnothaveknown.AlanWattsonceobservedthattheprocesswecall“deciding”movinggraduallytowardsadecisionisfrequentlynosuchthing.Rather,itisjustaperiodofflippingbackandforthbetweenoptions,followedbyasuddenandsemirandomchoice.Wemightaswelladmitthat.32.Theauthorintroducesthetopicofthetextby_________.A.offeringsuggestionsonhowtofacedilemmasB.explainingthereasonforpeople’sworriesinlifeC.paringbiglifedecisionswithotherdecisionsD.throwingdoubtonatheoryaboutdecisionmaking33.WhichofthefollowingisinlinewithFredkin’sparadox?A.Sometimesitisnotthatimportantwhatyoudecide.B.Whateveroptionyouchooseisthebestoneever.C.Thereisnotsomuchcertaintyaboutyouroptions.D.Itiseasy1odecidewhenyouroptionsaresimilar.34.Whatistheauthor’sadvicewhenitestomakingbigdecisions?A.Weshouldlearnfrompastchoices. B.Weshouldstopthinkingtoomuch.C.Weshouldcarefullyweigheachoption. D.Weshouldseeintothefuturethroughefforts.35.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whatisthesecretofmakinggooddecisions?B.ItisnecessarytoknowaboutFredkin’sparadoxC.RemindyourselftherandomchoicereallymattersD.Whydowefinditsodifficulttomakebigdecisions?.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案，选项中有两项为多余选项。LeonardodaVinciandNatureInthemodernworld,artandsciencearetwoveryseparateactivities,butinLeonardo'stimetheywerecloselyconnected.Sciencemeantmathematicsandmedicalstudies.16Mathematicsincludedpracticalworklikesurveyinglandformakingmapsaswellasmeasuringthemovementsofthestarsinthesky.Anartistmightneedtomeasurethedifferentpartsofthebody.Hecouldalsousemathematicstoplacethingsinrelationshiptoeachotherinadrawingorpaintingsothescenelookedcorrect.17Mathematicswasalsoconnectedtomusicbecausemusicalsoundshaveafixedrelationshipwitheachotherthatcanbedescribedinnumbers.18Morethanthis,though,Leonardobelievedthatnumberswereapartofallthingsintheworld,includingmusic,andhesaidthat"withoutthemnothingcanbedone."

"Naturehaskindlygivenusthingseverywheretocopy,"wroteLeonardo.Inallhisactivities,Leonardowastryingtodiscovertherulesthatcontrolnature.Inhissearchforthoserules,helookedverycarefullyatalotofexamplesanddetails.Actualexperiencewasmoreimportanttohimthanopinion,andheworkedfromfactstoideas.19Hispurposewastoexaminetheworldsohecouldcopyitinbeautifulpaintingsandsculptures.Healsowantedtolearnfromthecleversolutionsofnature.

 20Hisquicklittlesketches,oftendonewhilewanderingoutside,helpedhimtocatchamovementorashape.Morecarefuldrawingswouldbedoneatadeskwithapenandruler.InJuly2001 ，asmalldrawingbyLeonardowassoldfor$12million.Itwasthemostexpensivedrawingintheworld.

A．Leonardowasalwaysdrawing.

B．Howcouldthesebeconnectedwithart?

C．Leonardo'sideaswerevastlyaheadofhistime.

D．Mathematiciansanddoctorsworkedtodiscovertheunknown.

E．Aboveall,Leonardowantedtounderstandhowandwhythingsworked.

F．YouwillseeagoodexampleofsuchpositioninginthepaintingofTheLastSupper.

G．Leonardohimselfwasaverygoodmusicianandlikedtoplayaninstrumentandsing.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MarkTwainwasafamousAmericanwriter.Hewrotemanystoriesandmanyofthemwere41stories.Thesestoriesarestillreadbymanypeopleallovertheworld.42writing,healsolikedhuntingandfishingverymuch,sooneyearhewentto43foraholidayandspentthreeverypleasantweeksinthe44there.Whenhehadtogobackhome,hedrovetothestationwithhis45.Thereheaskedaportertoputitintothetrain.Thenhegotintothesmokingcarand46inoneofthefortableseatsthere.Thecarwas47whenhegotin,butafewminuteslater,48mangotinandsatdownontheseatoppositehis.MarkTwainlookedatthemanandthoughtthatthismanlookedquite49.However,itwouldbe50tosaynothinginthatsituation,Firsttheytalkedaboutthe52andthentheytalkedaboutMaine.Thestrangersaid,"WehavesomebeautifulwoodsinMaine.Itwouldbea53toetoMainewithoutspendingsometimethere.Isupposeyouhavebeeninourwoods,haven'tyou?”“Yes,Ihave.”answeredMarkTwain."I'vejust54threeweeksthereandIhadaverygoodtime,too.Andletmetellyousomething.55fishingisn'tallowedinMaineinthisseason,I'vegottwohundredpoundsofbeautifulfishwithmybaggageinthistrain.Iliketoeatfish,soIpackeditiniceto56ithomewithme.MayIaskwhoyouare,sir?”ThestrangerlookedatMarkTwainforseveral57andthenanswered,"I'ma58.Myjobistocatchpeoplewhohuntandfishduringthewrongseasons.Andwhoareyou?"MarkTwainwasshockedand59whenheheardthis.Hethoughtquicklyandthenanswered,"Well,I'lltellyou,sir.I'mthemanwhotellsthebiggest60in41.A.funny B.frightening C.terrible D.moving42.A.Except B.Exceptfor C.Besides D.Butfor43.A.America B.Miami C.NewJersy D.Maine44.A.waters B.woods C.village D.country45.A.backpack B.suitcase C.baggage D.diploma46.A.tookdown B.tookoff C.satdown D.satup47.A.crowded B.full C.noisy D.empty48.A.theother B.another C.other D.others49.A.satisfied B.unpleasant C.surprised D.embarrassed50.A.impolite B.friendly C.relaxed D.enthusiastic51.A.so B.while C.but D.since52.A.climate B.breakfast C.weather D.journey53.A.pleasure B.pity C.fun D.tradition54.A.lived B.spent C.taken D.journeyed55.A.Because B.Unless C.Until D.Although 56.A.take B.send C.bring D.fetch57.A.minutes B.hours C.days D.seconds58.A.shopassistant B.headmaster C.interviewer D.policeofficer59.A.disappointed B.exhausted C.frightened D.moved60.A.lies B.jokes C.intelligence D.stories第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Justlikehumans,dogsgothroughthesamedisobedient(叛逆的)stageduringadolescence,anewstudyfinds."Duringthisperiodoftime,ownerssuddenlyfind61.morechallengingtocontrolortraintheirdogs,"saidLucyAsher,abehavioralspecialistfromNewcastleUniversity'sSchoolofNaturalandEnvironmentalSciences.Toseeexactlyhowpuberty(青春期)62.(change)adog'sbehavior,Asherandherteammonitored70dogsofdifferentkinds63.(raise)atthepresenttimeaspotentialguidedogs.Theyanalyzedhowobedientthedogswerebeforeadolescence,64.theywerearoundfivemonthsold,andduringadolescence——eightmonthsofage.Theyfoundthatdogsweremuch65.(hard)totrainwhentheyweregoingthroughpubertyandmorelikely66.(ignore)mandsgivenbytheirowners,butnotothers——67.(mirror)thebehaviorofhumanteenagers