山东省泰安市高三一模英语试题

高三一轮检测英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThegiftthatneverstopsgivingPeoplearegoingforgiftsthatarereusedtimeandtimeagain,(whilealsosavingmoney),giftsthathaverecyclablepackaging,ortherecyclableelementsincludedwithinthem.Oneofthebestoptionsistogoforagreenhamper(篮子).GifthamperscanbereusedThefactthatgreenitemsarefrequentlyreusableisoneoftheirmainadvantages.Withagreenhamper,youcanreuseeverythingthatwasinsideofit,includingthecontainer.Manygreenhampersareavailableinwicker(柳条)baskets,allowingyoutokeepthepresentforalongtimeandreuseitforotherpurposes.GifthampersareecofriendlyAlotofpeopleareworriedabouttheenvironmentandreducingCO2emissions(排放).Thisiswhygreenhampersarebeingmorepopular.Typically,businessesthatsellgreenbasketswillguaranteethattheitemsinsidethemweremanufacturedbyhandorinfacilitieswithminimumCO2emissions.However,thewickerbasketsaremorebreakableitems.HowtoreusewickerbasketsWhynotkeepaselectionofpottedplantsinyourwickerbasket?Thiswilllookgreatinyourdiningroom.Withawickerbasket,forinstance,placeindividualtoiletries,towels,andblanketsonthehamperforpresentationinyourguests’rooms.Youcangiveyourvisitorsawarm,“hotelinspired”feeling.Givingsomeoneanawesomegifthamperthatisalsoecofriendlyconveysauniquemessagetotherecipientbecausetherearesomanyoptionsforgiftbaskets,youcanfillthemasyouchoose.Thisiswhygreenhampersinparticulararedominatingthemarket.1.Whatisprobablytheconcernofpeoplewhochoosehampers?A.fort. B.Expense. C.Security. D.Beauty.2.Whichcanbestdescribetheadvantagesofgreenhampers?A.Reusableandtough. B.Popularandcostly.C.Multipurposeandrecyclable. D.Everlastingandecofriendly.3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothepopularizationofgreenhampers?A.Favorable. B.Intolerant. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了可以重复使用的绿色礼品篮子，及其使用方法。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Peoplearegoingforgiftsthatarereusedtimeandtimeagain,(whilealsosavingmoney),giftsthathaverecyclablepackaging,ortherecyclableelementsincludedwithinthem.Oneofthebestoptionsistogoforagreenhamper.(人们喜欢可以一次又一次重复使用的礼物（同时也省钱），有可回收包装或其中包含可回收元素的礼物。最好的选择之一是买一个绿色篮子)”可知，礼品篮子可以重复利用，同时比较省钱，推测选择礼品篮子的人可能会担心费用。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Peoplearegoingforgiftsthatarereusedtimeandtimeagain,(whilealsosavingmoney),giftsthathaverecyclablepackaging,ortherecyclableelementsincludedwithinthem.Oneofthebestoptionsistogoforagreenhamper.(人们喜欢可以一次又一次重复使用的礼物（同时也省钱），有可回收包装或其中包含可回收元素的礼物。最好的选择之一是买一个绿色篮子)”以及第二段“Manygreenhampersareavailableinwickerbaskets,allowingyoutokeepthepresentforalongtimeandreuseitforotherpurposes.(许多绿色篮子都装在柳条篮里，这样你就可以将礼物保存很长时间，并将其用于其他用途)”可知，绿色篮子中包含可回收元素，是可回收的，并可以用于多种用途。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Givingsomeoneanawesomegifthamperthatisalsoecofriendlyconveysauniquemessagetotherecipientbecausetherearesomanyoptionsforgiftbaskets,youcanfillthemasyouchoose.Thisiswhygreenhampersinparticulararedominatingthemarket.(给某人一个很棒的礼物篮，而且是环保的，这给收件人传达了一个独特的信息，因为礼物篮有很多选择，你可以随意填充。这就是为什么特别是绿篮在市场上占据主导地位)”可推知，作者对于绿色环保篮子的普及持赞许的态度。故选A项。BTherehavebeennumerousattemptstocreateanallplasticbike.Butmosthaveneverpassedthroughtheprototypestage(原始阶段).Igus,aGermanybasedmanufacturerofhighperformanceplastics,andDutchstartupMTRLaimtochangethatwiththeigus:bike—theworld’sfirsturbanbikecraftedalmostentirelyfromrecycledplastic.IgusCEOFrankBlaséfirstgottheideawhilevacationingonaFloridabeachin2009.Aconversationwithsomeemployeesfromarentalpanymadehimawareofthechallengesofmaintainingbeachbicycles.Thecontinuousexposuretosand,windandsaltwatercausedthebikestorustrapidly.Manyhadtobereplacedinonlythreemonths.Theigus:bike,unveiledataGermantradeshow,ismaintainableandrustfree.Itcanbeleftoutdoorsinallweathersanddoesnotrequirelubricantoil(润滑油)toreducefrictionbetweenparts.Sinceitdoesnotattractsand,dustordirt,thebikecanbecleanedwithagardenhose(水管)inseconds.“Asallponentsaremadeofplastic,nopartofthebikerusts,eventhegears—bicyclegearsmadeofplasticwereunthinkableforalongtime,”Blasésays.Theigus:bikewillalsohelpbattheworld’splasticpollution.Thepanysaysasingleadultbikegivesnewlifetoabout16kilogramsofsingleuseplasticthatwouldotherwisechokeourlandfillsorwaterways.Currently,90percentoftheigus:bikeismadeusingrecycledplastic.Thisincludesthebicycle’sframe,bearings,pedalsandwheelrims.IgusandMTRLbelievefutureversionswillbemadeentirelyfromrecycledplastic.“Fromoceanplasticstomotionplastics—theigus:bikeconcepthaswhatittakestobeeahightechecologicalproduct,”saysMTRLcofounderBenjaminAlderseBaas.Theplasticbikesareexpectedtoeontothemarketinearly2023.Anadultmodel,madeentirelyfromrecycledplastic,willcostaboutE1400.Aslightlycheaperversionmadeusingnewplasticandanelectricbikearealsointheworks.Igusalsoplansonsharingitstechnologywithotherbicyclemanufacturers.4.WhatmakesIgusCEOFrankBlaseseektocreatetheigus:bike?A.HisholidayinginFloridalastyear.B.Theconversationbetweenhimandsomebicyclers.C.Thetroubleofkeepingbeachbicyclesingoodcondition.D.Theprolongedexposureofbikesonthebeach.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheigus:bikefromthetext?A.Itwillcertainlysellwell. B.Itneedstobemoreportable.C.Itcanbeusedeverywhereandfreely. D.Itisrustlessandcleanseasily.6.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Abikemadefromrecycledplastics. B.Howtomakerustfreebikes.C.Anexcellentbicyclemanufacturer. D.Howtomaintainbeachbikes.7.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureplasticbikes?A.Theywillbecheaperandlighter.B.Theywillbemorehightechecological.C.Theywillbecraftedfromonlyrecycledplastics.D.Theywillbeusedwidelyallovertheworld.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了世界上第一款几乎完全由可循环利用的塑料制造的单车。【4题详解】推理判断题。由文第二段“Thecontinuousexposuretosand,windandsaltwatercausedthebikestorustrapidly.Manyhadtobereplacedinonlythreemonths.”（持续暴露在沙子、风和海水下导致单车快速生锈。很多不得不在三个月后就要被替换）可推知，沙滩自行车很难维护，所以FrankBlase想要改善这一情况，这是他要制作Igus自行车的原因，故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文第三段第一句“Theigus:bike,unveiledataGermantradeshow,ismaintainableandrustfree.”（这款在德国贸易展上露面的igus单车是可维护可免生锈的）和第三段最后一句“Sinceitdoesnotattractsand,dustordirt,thebikecanbecleanedwithagardenhose(水管)inseconds.”（因为它不吸引沙尘和泥土，这种单车可以在很短时间内用花园水管清理）可知，这种单车不易生锈且易于清洗，故选D项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。由文第一段最后一句“Igus，aGermanybasedmanufacturerofhighperformanceplastics,andDutchstartupMTRLaimtochangethatwiththeigus:bike—theworld’sfirsturbanbikecraftedalmostentirelyfromrecycledplastic.”（一家德国高性能塑料制造商Igus和荷兰初创公司MTRL意要改变Igus的那方面情况，Igus世界上第一款几乎完全由可循环利用的塑料制造的城市单车）以及纵观全文，文章介绍了这款单车的构想起源、优势、当前现状以及未来发展前景可知，全文主要是介绍这款igus单车，故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由文倒数第三段最后一句“IgusandMTRLbelievefutureversionswillbemadeentirelyfromrecycledplastic.”（Igus和MTRL公司认为未来的版本将会完全由可循环利用的塑料制成。）可知，未来这款单车有望完全由可循环利用的塑料制成，故选C项。CManypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell.Onesurveyof76paniesfoundthatproductivitywas71percenthigherwhenmeetingswerereducedby40percent.Unnecessarymeetingswaste$37billioninsalaryhoursayearintheU.S.alone.Manymeetingsoccurwithoutaspecificreason.AnothermotiveformeetingsiswhatsomescholarscalltheMereUrgencyeffect,inwhichweengageintasks—suchasameetingwhereeachpersonreciteswhatthey’reworkingon,whetherothersneedthatinformationornot—tohelpusfeellikeweareacplishingsomethingactual.Buttherealproblemwithmeetingsisnotlackofproductivity—it’sunhappiness.Whenmeetingsareawasteoftime,jobsatisfactiondeclines.Andwhenjobsatisfactiondeclines,happinessingeneralfalls.Thus,foralargepopulation,eliminatingmeetings—oratleastminimizingthem—isoneofthemoststraightforwardwaystoincreasewellbeing.Nobodylikesexcessiveandunproductivemeetings.First,theygenerallyincreasefatigue.Youhaveprobablyexperiencedadayofmeetings,afterwhichyouareexhaustedandhaven’tacplishedmuch.Second,peopletendtoengagein“surfaceacting”(fakingemotionsthataredeemedappropriate)duringworkmeetings.Finally,researchershavefoundthatthestrongestpredictorofmeetingeffectivenessisactiveinvolvementbytheparticipants.Ifyouareaskingyourself,“WhyamIhere?”youarenotlikelytothinkthatthemeetingisagooduseofyourtime—whichisobviouslybadforyourworksatisfaction.Takentogether,theresearchonmeetingsshowsthatifyouwanttobehappieratwork(orwantyouremployeestobehappier),youshouldfightagainstthetimeconsuming,unproductivemeetingsateveryopportunity.Ifthereisoneruletorememberaboutworkmeetings,itmightbethattheyareanecessaryevil.Theyarenecessaryasorganizationsneedthemforpropermunication,buttheyareevilinthattheyarenotirreplaceable,andshouldthusbeusedaslittleaspossibleforthesakeofproductivityandhappiness.8.WhydoestheauthormentionthesurveyinPara1?A.Toexplainthesurvey. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Tostresstheimportanceofmeeting. D.Tostatethedisadvantageofmeeting.9.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“eliminating”underlinedinPara3?A.Reducing. B.Hosting. C.Increasing. D.Avoiding.10.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinPara4?A.Howtoincreasepeople’sjobsatisfaction.B.Theimportanceandnecessityofminimizingmeetings.C.Whyexcessiveandunproductivemeetingslowerjobsatisfaction.D.Activeinvolvementbytheparticipantsindicatesmeetingeffectiveness.11Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?AWorkmeetings—AnecessaryevilB.Workmeetings—Theless,thebetterC.Workmeetings—Themore,thebetterD.Workmeetings—Excessiveandunproductive【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为很多工作会议是在浪费时间，影响工作效率。关于会议的研究表明，如果你想在工作中更快乐或想让你的员工更快乐，你应该利用一切机会反对耗时、低效的会议。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell.Onesurveyof76paniesfoundthatproductivitywas71percenthigherwhenmeetingswerereducedby40percent.Unnecessarymeetingswaste$37billioninsalaryhoursayearintheU.S.alone.(许多人认为工作会议是浪费时间，这可能是因为大多数会议会影响员工的工作。一项对76家公司的调查发现，当会议减少40%时，工作效率会提高71%。仅在美国，不必要的会议每年就浪费370亿美元的付薪时间)”可推断，作者是用这个调查数据去引出并支持文章的主题句：Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell。故选B项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上一句“Whenmeetingsareawasteoftime,jobsatisfactiondeclines.Andwhenjobsatisfactiondeclines,happinessingeneralfalls.(当会议被视为浪费时间时，工作满意度就会下降。当工作满意度下降时，幸福感也普遍下降)”可知，浪费时间的工作会议会降低员工的工作满足感，从而又降低了幸福感，工作时心情不好，工作效率也会降低。结合下一句“...oratleastminimizingthem—isoneofthemoststraightforwardwaystoincreasewellbeing.(或者至少把会议减到最少——是提高幸福感最直接的方法之一)”。由此推断，“eliminating”应该是“取消，避免”，浪费时间没什么意义的工作会议就别开了，与“avoiding”意思相近。故选D项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“Nobodylikesexcessiveandunproductivemeetings.(没有人喜欢过多和没有成效的会议)”可知人们不喜欢过多的低效的会议，下文“First,theygenerallyincreasefatigue.Youhaveprobablyexperiencedadayofmeetings,afterwhichyouareexhaustedandhaven’tacplishedmuch.Second,peopletendtoengagein“surfaceacting”(fakingemotionsthataredeemedappropriate)duringworkmeetings.Finally,researchershavefoundthatthestrongestpredictorofmeetingeffectivenessisactiveinvolvementbytheparticipants.(首先，它们通常会增加疲劳。你可能经历过一天的会议，会议结束后你筋疲力尽，没有完成多少。其次，人们在工作会议上倾向于“表面表现”(假装被认为合适的情绪)。最后，研究人员发现，会议有效性的最强预测因素是参与者的积极参与)”介绍了三个原因解释这样的会议会降低工作满足感，所以本段主要讲的是为什么过多和低效的会议会降低工作满意度。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell.(许多人认为工作会议是浪费时间，这可能是因为大多数会议会影响员工的工作)”及最后一段“Ifthereisoneruletorememberaboutworkmeetings,itmightbethattheyareanecessaryevil.Theyarenecessaryasorganizationsneedthemforpropermunication,buttheyareevilinthattheyarenotirreplaceable,andshouldthusbeusedaslittleaspossibleforthesakeofproductivityandhappiness.(如果有一条关于工作会议的规则需要记住，那就是会议是必要之恶。它们是必要的，因为组织需要它们进行适当的沟通，但它们是邪恶的，因为它们不是不可替代的，因此为了生产力和幸福，应该尽可能少使用)”可知，作者认为很多工作会议是浪费时间，会降低工作效率，并建议越少越好。所以“Workmeetings—Theless,thebetter.(工作会议——越少越好)”是文章最佳标题。故选B项。DHowcanpeoplespeaktheirmindwithoutsayinganything?Thisisaquestionthatscientistshaveaimedtoanswerforalongtime.Researchersrecentlybroughtanupgradeddevicethatcantranslateusers’brainwavesintodailyspeech.Previously,theteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,developedanAlbasedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50monlyusedwordsbasedontheparticipant’sbrainwaves.Theparticipantwasaparalyzed(瘫痪的)manwhohadbeenimplantedwith16electrodes(电极)underhisskull.AccordingtotheirpaperpublishedinNovember,theteamupgradedthesystemwhichcannowtranslatethoughtsintopletesentencesonaputerscreen.Theirtestsshowedthatthedevicecoulddecodesilentlyspokenlettersfroma1,152wordvocabularyataspeedofabout29charactersperminute.Theaccuracywasupto94percent.“Itshowsstrongpromiseforrestoringmunicationbytappingintothebrain’snaturalspeechmachinery,”Changsaidtotheuniversity’snewswebsite.However,thismethodcanstillbeproblematicsinceusersstillneedtoundergosurgery.ScientistsattheUniversityofTexas,US,havetriedtotranslatepeople’sthoughtswithouteventouchingtheirheads,reportedLiveScience.ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRI,orfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(功能性磁共振成像).It’sasaferwayof“reading”brainactivity.Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecells,scientistscantranslatebrainactivity.Theteamaskedparticipantstolistento16hoursofradioshowswhilescanningtheirbrains.Thentheyusedaputeralgorithm(算法)tocreateastorybasedonthefMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.Also,thealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofasilentmoviethattheparticipantswatched.Theteamaimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrainputerinterfaces(脑机接口)designedforpeoplewhocannotspeakortype.12.WhatdoweknowaboutthedevicementionedinPara2?A.Itwasimplantedintoaman’sheart.B.Itcanhelprestorepatients’lostmemory.C.Itwasdevelopedthroughcooperation.D.Itcanidentifyabout50rarelyusedwords.13.HowdoesfMRI“read”people’sminds?A.Bytrackingtheiractivebraincells.B.Byputtingelectrodesintotheirbrains.C.Byrecordingtheirreactiontoradioshows.D.Bymatchingtheirbrainactivitywiththeirhabits.14.WhyisfMRIchosenparedtothefirstdevicementionedinthestory?A.It’scheaper. B.It’smoreaccurate. C.It’ssmallerinsize. D.It’ssafer.15.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutfMRIfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itcanonlyreadwhatparticipantshear.B.Itcanbeusedinbrainputerinterfaces.C.Itcanreadeverydetailofparticipants’minds.D.Itcannotworkoutwhatpeopleimagineintheirheads.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款基于人工智能系统的升级设备，研究人员用该设备可以将人类脑电波转换成日常语言。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Previously,theteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,developedanAlbasedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50monlyusedwordsbasedontheparticipant’sbrainwaves.Theparticipantwasaparalyzed(瘫痪的)manwhohadbeenimplantedwith16electrodes(电极)underhisskull.(此前，加州大学旧金山分校的爱德华·张(EdwardChang)领导的团队开发了一种基于人工智能的系统，可以根据参与者的脑电波识别多达50个常用单词。参与者是一名瘫痪的男子，他的头骨下被植入了16个电极。)”可知，该设备是由EdwardChang领导的团队开发出来的，是通过合作发展起来的。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecells,scientistscantranslatebrainactivity.(活跃的脑细胞有更多的氧气。通过追踪这些细胞，科学家可以翻译大脑活动。)”可知，fMRI是通过追踪活跃的脑细胞去读懂人们的思想的。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第六段“ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRI，orfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging.It’sasaferwayof“reading”brainactivity.(这项新技术被称为fMRI，或功能性磁共振成像。这是一种更安全的“阅读”大脑活动的方式。)”可知，该设备比之前的设备更加安全。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后两段“Thentheyusedaputeralgorithm(算法)tocreateastorybasedonthefMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.(然后他们使用计算机算法根据fMRI的记录创建了一个故事。它和参与者们听得广播节目很匹配。)”以及“Also,thealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofasilentmoviethattheparticipantswatched.(此外，该算法基本上可以解释参与者观看的无声电影的故事。)Theteamaimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrainputerinterfacesdesignedforpeoplewhocannotspeakortype.(该团队的目标是开发这项技术，以便将其用于为不能说话或打字的人设计的脑机接口。)”可知，它可以用于脑机接口。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenwe’rebored,mostofusendupbeinggluedtoaphone.Thatmighteaseourboredom.____16____Thattimecould’vebeenspentonadifferent,morevaluableactivity.Thefollowingwillhelpeaseyourboredom,andteachyoutousetimemoreproductively.Reading.____17____That’sbecausetheywereforcedtoreadatschool.Butwhenyouhavetheoptiontochoosewhichbookyou’regoingtoread,youcanunderstandwhyit’senjoyable.Notonlycanithelpeaseyourboredom,it’salsooneofthebestwaystoexpandyourknowledge.____18____Peopleoftenforgetwhythey’repursingsomethinginthefirstplace.Somemaynotevenbesurewhatthey’resupposedtobedoingintheirdailylife.Thislackofdirectionthenoftenshowsupasboredom.That’swhyhavinggoalsisimportant.Exercise.Exerciseisgoodandshouldbedonefrequently.____19____Mostpeoplewhoexercisedoittolookbetterinthemirror.Butthere’sanotherreasonwhyyoushouldexercise,itimprovesourbrainfunction.Cleaningupyourroom.Takealookaroundrightnow.Chancesarethatthespaceyou’rein,isfarfromclean.However,youhavetochangethat,asourphysicalenvironmenthasahugeimpactonourcognition,behavioranddecisionmaking.____20____Butonceweremoveallthisvisualmessfromourenvironment,we’reabletofocusandprocessinformationmuchbetter.A.Pursuingadream.B.Planningandgoalsetting.C.Butthere’sanopportunitycost.D.Mostpeopleonlydoreadingafterschool.E.Butforsomereason,noteveryonedoesit.F.Whenoursurroundingsareamess,soarewe.G.Mostpeopledon’treadanythingafterthey’vefinishedschool.【答案】16.C17.G18.B19.E20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个在我们无聊的时候做的事情，这些比起玩更有意义。【16题详解】根据前文“Thatmighteaseourboredom.(这也许能缓解我们的无聊。)”可知玩有一定好处；根据后文“Thattimecould’vebeenspentonadifferent,morevaluableactivity.(这些时间本可以花在其他更有价值的活动上。)”可知，玩的时间其实被浪费了，即玩的时候也错过了“使用这些时间做其他有意义的事情”的机会，即这样做存在机会成本。C项“Butthere’sanopportunitycost.(但这是有机会成本的。)”和前文构成转折；后文是对C项的进一步解释说明。因此C项承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。【17题详解】根据后文“That’sbecausetheywereforcedtoreadatschool.(那是因为他们被迫在学校读书。)”可知，人们在学校被迫读书，在校外不愿意读书。G项“Mostpeopledon’treadanythingafterthey’vefinishedschool.(大多数人毕业后什么都不读。)”符合语境，且后文“they”指代G项中“Mostpeople”。故选G项。【18题详解】根据后文“That’swhyhavinggoalsisimportant.(这就是为什么有目标很重要。)”可知本段主题强调树立目标的重要性。B项“Planningandgoalsetting.(计划和目标设定。)”符合语境。故选B项。【19题详解】前文“Exerciseisgoodandshouldbedonefrequently.(运动是好的，应该经常做。)”说明做运动有好处且应该经常做。根据第二段“That’sbecausetheywereforcedtoreadatschool.(那是因为他们被迫在学校读书。)和第三段“Somemaynotevenbesurewhatthey’resupposedtobedoingintheirdailylife.(有些人甚至不确定他们在日常生活中应该做什么。)”可知，在每段给出的建议下，都说明了很多人在现实中不这样做。因此本段建议运动，现实中有些人不运动。E项“Butforsomereason,noteveryonedoesit.(但出于某种原因，并不是每个人都这样做。)”说明有些人不定期运动，符合语境。故选E项。【20题详解】根据“Cleaningupyourroom.(打扫你的房间。)”和后文“Butonceweremoveallthisvisualmessfromourenvironment,we’reabletofocusandprocessinformationmuchbetter.(但一旦我们把这些视觉上的混乱从我们的环境中移除，我们就能更好地集中注意力和处理信息。)”可知，本段主题为要打扫房间，拥有一个整洁的生活环境。F项“Whenoursurroundingsareamess,soarewe.(当我们周围的环境一团糟时，我们自己也一样。)”说明了整洁环境的重要性，符合语境。故选F项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwasinWashingtoncoveringaconference.However,Icameacrossacuriouslooking____21____shopwithitsdoorpartlyopen.Citizensheresaidithadbeenlikethat____22____aslongastheycouldremember,butnooneknew____23____.“Maybetheownerisjustlazy,”I____24____theshadyentrance,eagertofindoutthereason.A(n)____25____“Wele!”camefromaman’svoice.AndoutwalkedMr.Smith,the90yearold____26____ofthiscandyshopwhichIsuddenlyrealizedhad____27____candies.Mr.Smithexplainedtheplacewasacandystoreopenedbyhim50yearsago,buthisenergy____28____inoldagesohesoldnothingforlong.IadmiredMr.Smith’slongexcellentserviceinthearea.Hehada____29____attitudetolife.IaskedMr.Smithwhyhisstorefrontwasinsuchastate.Mr.Smith,smiling,replied,“I_____30_____abagbythedoorthatacustomerlefttwoyearsago.HonestlyIwanttojust_____31_____thestore,butbecausethebag’sownermighteby_____32_____forit,Ikeepthedooropenjustalittlebit.”IwasmovedtotearsbyMr.Smith’sshockingly_____33_____deeds.Ithenlookeddown,andsureenoughtherewasasmallbagonthecounterwithapaperthatread,“_____34_____Item.”IlefttheshopfeelingbetterabouthumanityandwasgladtherearepeoplelikeMr.Smithlivingthegoodlifeandkeeping_____35_____forever.21.A.clothing B.food C.fruit D.candy22.A.everyday B.occasionally C.everynight D.recently23.A.when B.where C.why D.how24.A.approached B.left C.broke D.ignored25.A.official B.enthusiastic C.elegant D.humble26.A.supplier B.owner C.customer D.employee27.A.many B.some C.various D.no28.A.brokeoff B.calmeddown C.wentup D.fadedaway29.A.pessimistic B.positive C.humorous D.cool30.A.buy B.sell C.keep D.exhibit31.A.manage B.exchange C.open D.close32.A.looking B.paying C.charging D.longing33.A.unbelievable B.sweet C.odd D.sensible34.A.Remended B.Found C.Lost D.Deserted35.A.patience B.silence C.faith D.touch【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.A25.B26.B27.D28.D29.B30.C31.D32.A33.B34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己在华盛顿遇到的一次温暖的经历。一位糖果店老板经营店铺多年，后来年龄大了，精力有限，想要关掉店铺。但是，两年前有一位顾客曾经把一个包遗忘在店里，老人虽然不再开门营业，但是想着那位顾客随时有可能路过这里进来寻他的包，所以每天都把门半开着等待。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我遇到了一家看起来很奇怪糖果店，它的门半开着。A.clothing衣服，服装；B.food食物；C.fruit水果；D.candy糖果。根据下文第六空后“thiscandyshop”及第七空后“thecandystore”可知，这是一家糖果店。故选D项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这里的市民说，自从他们记事以来，每天都是这样，但没人知道为什么。A.everyday每天；B.occasionally偶然；C.everynight每晚；D.recently最近。根据下文“I__10____abagbythedoorthatacustomerlefttwoyearsago.HonestlyIwanttojust____11____thestore,butbecausethebag’sownermighteby__12____forit,Ikeepthedooropenjustalittlebit.”可知，老人不再营业卖糖果，两年来却为了等失主来找包而每天把店门半开。每天这样做才会令人们觉得好奇。故选A项。【23题详解】考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：这里的市民说，自从他们记事以来，每天都是这样，但没人知道为什么。A.when什么时间；B.where在哪里；C.why为什么；D.how怎样。对这家店铺不营业却开着门的情况很好奇，不知道原因。why呼应第五空后的thereason。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走近阴凉的入口，急于找出原因。A.approached靠近；B.left离开；C.broke打破；D.ignored忽略。我想要探究原因，需要靠近店铺，前去询问店主。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：传来一个男人的声音热情的“欢迎!”。A.official官方的；正式的；B.enthusiastic热情的；C.elegant优雅的；D.humble卑微的。根据下文“IadmiredMr.Smith’slongexcellentserviceinthearea.Hehadapositiveattitudetolife.”可知，多年来店主的服务态度非常好，应该对顾客是很热情的。故B选项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：史密斯先生走了出来，他是这家糖果店的90岁的老板，我突然意识到这家糖果店没有糖果。A.supplier供应商；B.owner主人；C.customer顾客；D.employee员工。从下文“Mr.Smithexplainedtheplacewasacandystoreopenedbyhim50yearsago(史密斯先生解释说，这是他50年前开的一家糖果店)”可知，这位90岁的老人就是店主。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：史密斯先生走了出来，他是这家糖果店的90岁的老板，我突然意识到这家糖果店没有糖果。A.many许多；B.some一些；C.various各种各样的；D.no没有。根据下文“sohesoldnothingforlong(所以很长时间都没卖过东西)”可知，这家糖果店现在并没有糖果。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：史密斯先生解释说，这是他50年前开的一家糖果店，但随着年龄的增长，他的精力逐渐衰弱，所以很长时间都没卖过东西。A.brokeoff中断；B.calmeddown冷静下来；C.wentup上升；D.fadedaway衰退。老人经营了五十年，年近九十岁时，想要关闭店铺，应该是因为精力衰退。故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对生活有积极的态度。A.pessimistic消极的，悲观的；B.positive积极的，乐观的；正面的；肯定的；阳性的；C.humorous幽默的；D.cool凉爽的；酷帅的；沉着冷静的。店主经营店铺，为人们服务了五十年，受到作者的钦佩，及后面讲店铺已经不营业了却为了失主有可能回来找包，两年来坚持把店铺的门开着。由此可知，老人的生活态度是积极的，正能量的。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在门边放着一个袋子，是一位顾客两年前留下的。A.buy买；B.sell卖；C.keep存放，保存；D.exhibit展览。两年前顾客遗忘在店里的包，店主是帮忙保存。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我想直接关闭这家店，但因为这个包的主人可能会过来找它，所以我只把门开着一点点。A.manage经营，管理；设法；B.exchange交换；C.open开放；营业；D.close关闭。店主年纪大了，精力衰退，想要关闭店铺。只是因为担心失主回来找包才开着门。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我想直接关闭这家店，但因为这个包的主人可能会过来找它，所以我只把门开着一点点。A.looking看；B.paying支付；C.charging收费；起诉；充电；D.longing渴望。一个顾客两年前把包遗忘在店里，有可能会回来寻找。短语lookfor意为“寻找”符合语境。故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我被史密斯先生令人震惊的好心行为感动得流下了眼泪。A.unbelievable难以置信的；B.sweet甜美的；好心的；C.odd古怪的；D.sensible理智的，合理的；明智的。老人这么大年纪不卖东西了，却还为了等失主万一回来找包，坚持两年开着店门，这是善良的好心行为。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我低头一看，柜台上果然有一个小包，上面有一张纸，上面写着“捡到的物品”。A.Remended推荐；B.Found找到；C.Lost丢失；D.Deserted遗弃。顾客遗忘的包，对于店家来说就是捡到的物品。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：离开商店时，我对人性有了更好的认识，很高兴还有像史密斯先生这样的人过着美好的生活，永远保持着耐心。A.patience耐心；B.silence沉默；C.faith信心；信任；信念；D.touch感动，碰触。老人这么大年纪不卖东西了，却还坚持两年开着店门为了等失主万一回来找包，永远给顾客保留一份希望，一种做人的信念。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AnintangibleculturalheritageareainGuangzhou,thecapitalofsouthChina’sGuangdongProvince,openedthisyear,showingthelifeandnormsofancientChinesepeoplefromaculturalperspective.ThisisthesecondintangibleculturalheritageblockinGuangzhou.____36____(locate)onBeijingRoad,theblockhostsintangibleculturalheritagedisplaysandevents.ThefirstsuchstreetwassetinYongqingfanginLiwanDistrict,____37____hasbeethecenteroflocalculturalandcreativeindustries.Ontheopeningday,aconcert____38____(feature)traditionalCantonesemusicandpoems____39____(hold)onBeijingRoadtohonorthelaunchoftheintangibleculturalheritageblock.Artistsperformedclassicalpoemswithdanceandplayedtraditionalmusical____40____(instrument),includingtheChinesezither(古筝).Aimingtoraisethepublic’sculturalconfidenceand____41____(aware),thisintangibleculturalheritageblock____42____(regular)showsculturalrelicsandrecordsandgivesVR/ARshowsabouttheinheritance(继承)ofintangibleculturalheritage.FamousCantonesefood,arts,celebritiesandindustriesareintroducedtovisitors.Manyactivitiesareheldtoshowthecharmoftheintangib