形容词与副词

七、形容词与副词【真题速练】考点1形容词

1.(2014·安徽中考)Itis______formetofollowtheAustralianguestsbecauseIamgoodatEnglish.A.bad

B.easy

C.hard

D.right【解析】选B。2.(2014·白银中考)Someofthetiredstudentskeeptheireyes______inbreaks.A.opened B.closeC.closed

D.open【解析】选C。3.(2014·泰州中考)—What______news!TheChineseWomen’sBadmintonTeamwontheUberCupagain.—Really?That’sgreat!A.interesting B.interestedC.exciting

D.excited

【解析】选C。4.(2013·遂宁中考)Everyonewas______whentheyheardthe______news.A.exciting;excitingB.excited;excitingC.exciting;excited【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意:当大家听到那个令人激动的消息时都感到非常激动。exciting意为“令人激动的”,修饰物,excited意为“感到激动的”,修饰人。考点2副词

5.(2014·盐城中考)Itwasraining______whenmysisterandIgottothemuseum.A.badly B.softly C.hardly D.heavily【解析】选D。6.(2014·滨州中考)—Excuseme,wouldyoupleasespeakalittlemore______?—Sorry,Ithoughtyoucouldfollowme.A.sadly B.quickly C.politely D.slowly【解析】选D。7.(2013·德州中考)Icarriedthebowlwithbothhands______,sothatIwouldn’tbreakit.A.carefully B.happilyC.quickly

D.carelessly【解析】选A。考查副词辨析。句意:我小心地用双手端住碗,以便我不会打碎它。根据后半句“以便我不会打碎它”,暗示前文意思是“我小心地用双手端住碗”。carefully意为“仔细地;小心地”,happily意为“开心地”,quickly意为“快速地”,carelessly意为“粗心地”。8.(2013·临沂中考)Davidwassoexcitedatthegoodnewsthathecould______sayaword.A.nearlyB.hard

C.ever

D.hardly【解析】选D。考查副词的用法。句意:戴维对这个好消息是如此激动,以至于他几乎说不出一句话来。nearly意为“几乎”,hard意为“努力地”,ever意为“曾经”,hardly意为“几乎不”,本身表示否定。考点3形容词和副词的比较等级

9.(2014·重庆中考·A卷)LinFangcomeshome______thanbeforethisterm.Shedoesn’thavesomanyclassesintheafternoon.A.earlyB.earlier

C.late

D.later【解析】选B。考查副词。根据than可知用比较级,排除A和C,再由doesn’thavesomanyclasses“没那么多课”,当然是回家早些了。10.(2014·盐城中考)PeopleusuallyliketheTVchannelswithfunnierprogrammesbut______advertisements.A.fewB.little

C.fewer

D.less【解析】选C。11.(2014·福州中考)—Therelationbetweenthetwocountriesgets______.Awarseemstobreakoutsoon.—Ihopetheywillmakepeacewitheachother.A.worseandworseB.betterandbetterC.moreandmorepeaceful【解析】选A。12.(2014·益阳中考)—Asastudent,weshouldstudyhard.—Yes.______westudy,______resultswe’llget.A.Thehard;thegoodB.Theharder;thebestC.Theharder;thebetter【解析】选C。13.(2013·济南中考)TonyisnotascleverasLucy,butheworks______thanher.A.hard B.harderC.hardest

D.thehardest【解析】选B。考查副词的比较级的用法。句意:Tony不如Lucy聪明,但他比她学习更努力。根据句中than判断使用比较级形式表示两者间的比较。14.(2013·襄阳中考)—Whoran______ofallinthesportsmeeting?—Hectordid,Ithink.A.fastB.fasterC.thefastest

D.mostfast【解析】选C。考查副词的最高级的用法。问句句意:在运动会时,所有人中谁跑得最快?all意为“都(三者或三者以上)”,根据ofall可知用最高级。【知识清单】一、易混形容词以-ing和-ed结尾的分词形容词1.以-ing结尾的形容词表示主动意义,一般修饰事物,表示事物的特征或性质,如interesting,surprising,exciting,frightening,amazing,worrying等。2.以-ed结尾的形容词表示被动意义,一般修饰人,表示人的感觉,常与介词in/about/at等构成短语搭配,如interested,surprised,excited,frightened,amazed,worried等。二、形容词比较级和最高级的构成1.规则变化规则原级比较级最高级一般单音节词在词尾加-er和-estlongfastlongerfasterlongestfastest以“e”结尾的单音节词在词尾加-r和-stnicelatenicerlaternicestlatest规则原级比较级最高级重读闭音节,词尾只有一个辅音字母的词,要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-er和-estbighotsadbiggerhottersadderbiggesthottestsaddest以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er和-estheavyangryfunnyheavierangrierfunnierheaviestangriestfunniest2.不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleast原级比较级最高级oldolder较老的;较旧的oldest最老的;最旧的elder年长的eldest最年长的farfarther(指距离)更远的farthest(指距离)最远的further(指距离和抽象概念)较远的furthest(指距离和抽象概念)最远的三、常考必记句型1.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”;2.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”;3.“the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+……”表示“……是两者中较……的”。【温馨提示】形容词比较级前可用alot/far/abit/much/even/still等词来修饰,表示“……得多”“更……”“……一些”。very,really,so,too,rather,pretty,quite等词只能修饰原级。四、形容词变副词的规律1.一般直接加-ly:quick―quickly;bad―badly2.个别以e结尾的去e加-ly:true―truly3.以y结尾且发音为[i]的把y变为i再加-ly;若读音为[aI],则直接加-ly:happy―happily;heavy―heavily;angry―angrily;shy―shyly;dry―dryly【要点备选】一、形容词作定语时的排序形容词作定语的排序依据可记为“限观形龄颜国材”或“县官行令宴国才”。口诀说明例词县(限)代表限定词,包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等the,this这个,that那个,my我的,Tom’s汤姆的,two两个口诀说明例词官(观)代表观点的描述性形容词fine好的,beautiful漂亮的,interesting有趣的行(形)代表表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词small小的,tall高的,high高的,round圆的令(龄)代表年龄、新旧的形容词young年轻的,old年老的,new新的口诀说明例词宴(颜)代表颜色的形容词red红的,black黑的,white白的国代表国籍、地区、出处的形容词English英国的,American美国的才(材)代表中心名词构成材料的形容词wooden木制的,plastic塑料的Thereisasmalloldblackwoodendeskinmyroom.在我的房间里有一个又小又旧的黑色木桌。HislivingroomisdecoratedwithalargegreenChinesecarpet.他的起居