冀教版九年级英语上册 （The Study of Living Things）Look into Science!教学课件

Lesson28TheStudyofLivingThings

Wouldyouliketobeabiologistwhenyougrowup?Whyorwhynot?Whatmysteriesofnaturedoyouknowabout?Newwords1.biologyn.

生物学；生物2.butterflyn.

蝴蝶3.migratev.

移居；迁徙4.fantasticadj.

奇异的；了不起的；极好的e.g.That’safantasticidea!

那真是一个非常好的主意！5.completelyadv.

完全地6.grandchildn.

孙子；孙女；外孙；外孙女7.femalen.

雌性的动物或植物；女子8.milkweedn.

（植）马利筋9.chemicaln.

化学物质10.puzzlingadj.

令人费解的1.Readthelessonandcompletethetable.Fantasticfactsaboutbutterflies·

Thebutterfliesalways__________tothesamesmallpieceofforestand______thewinterthere.return/flyspendFantasticfactsaboutbutterflies·Thebutterfliesthatreturntothesoutharethegreat-greatgrandchildrenofthebutterfliesthatleftforthenorth.·Thefemales____eggsononlyoneplant:milkweed.layThingsthatDr.Taylorworriesabout·

InMexico,peoplecutdownthetreesthatthebutterfliesneedto____on.·

IntheU.S.andCanada,farmersusechemicalsthat____milkweed.restkillThingsthatscientistscan’tunderstand·

Howdothebutterflies

knowwhentoflysouth?·Howdothegreat-great

grandchildrenofthe

butterflies____thesame

forest?find2.Jointhesentencestomakeattributiveclauses.Example:Wedidsomeexperimentsyesterday.Theexperimentswerefantastic.Theexperimentsthatwedidyesterdaywerefantastic.1.Iaskedhimtomailtheletter.Iwrotethelettertomycousin._____________________________________________________________2.YesterdayImetaboy.Theboyisanewmemberinourartclub._________________________________________________________Iaskedhimtomailtheletterwhich/that/不填Iwrotetomycousin.YesterdayImetaboywho/thatisanewmemberinourartclub.3.Marywascarryingabag.Thebagcostheralotofmoney.____________________________________________________4.Footballisateamsport.Footballispopularallovertheworld._________________________________________________________Marywascarryingabagwhich/thatcostheralotofmoney.Footballisateamsportwhich/thatispopularallovertheworld.3.Workingroupsofthreetoplayagame.Tasktips:Eachgroupshouldpreparesomepiecesofpaperanddividethemintothreecolumns.StudentAwritesaperson’snameinthefirstcolumn,foldsthepaperandpassesittoStudentB.StudentBwritesastatementbeginningwith“who”,foldsthepaperandpassesittoStudentC.StudentCmustfinishthesentenceandreaditoutloud.Example:Mr.Brownwhoisabiologistwillgiveusatalk1.Fantasticfactsaboutthebutterfly

havebeendrawing

Dr.Taylor’sattention.

这种令人着迷的蝴蝶一直吸引着泰勒博士的注意。havebeendoing是现在完成进行时，“一直在做某事”，表示过去某时开始的某个动作或状态一直延续到现在，且还在进行。常表示动作的延续性、重复性及感情色彩等。e.g.Mr.SmithhasbeenlivinginLondonsince1995.史密斯先生自从1995年以来一直住在伦敦。（延续性）

Haveyoubeenmeetingherrecently?

你最近常见到她吗？（重复性）

Who’s

beeneatingmyapples?

谁吃了我的苹果？（感情色彩）drawone’sattention“吸引某人注意力”。e.g.Hetriestodrawourattentionto

thepainting.

他试图把我们的注意力吸引到这幅画上。2.Here,asmanyas230millionbutterfliesspendthewinter.

在这里，多达两亿三千万只蝴蝶在这里过冬。as…as“和……一样”，表示同级比较。基本结构为as+adj./adv.+as。

e.g.Englishwordscanbeasshortasoneletter.

英语单词可以短到只有一个字母。Thisfilmisasinterestingasthatone.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。Yourpenwritesassmoothlyastime.你的钢笔书写起来和我的一样流畅。其否定形式为notas/so+adj.+as。e.g.Thisdictionaryisnotas/sousefulas

youthink.这本词典不如你想象的有用。注意：as…as结构中，使用形容词或副词的原形。as…as结构用于肯定句或否定句，so…as只用于否定句中。3.Thebutterfliesthatreturntothesoutharethegreat-greatgrandchildrenofthebutterfliesthatleftforthenorth.

这些飞回南方的蝴蝶是春天飞往北方蝴蝶的曾曾子孙。

thatreturntothesouth和thatleftforthenorth都是定语从句。

leavefor“到，去；出发，前往”。e.g.Theywillleave

BeijingforGuangzhoutomorrow.他们明天要离开北京去广州。

TheyleftforShanghaiyesterday.

他们昨天去上海了。4.Whentheybegintotravelnorthinspring,thefemaleslayeggs.

当他们春天开始向北方飞行时，雌性蝴蝶产卵。

travel“迁徙”northadv.

，“向北方”。也可说：traveltothenorth，这时north是名词。e.g.Scientistsstilldon’tunderstandhowbutterfliesknowwhentoflysouth.科学家们仍然不明白蝴蝶怎样知道何时飞向南方。layeggs“产卵”lay的过去式和过去分词为laid，现在分词为laying。5.ButinMexico,peoplecutdownthetreesthatthebutterfliesneedtorestonbecausetheywantmorelandforfarming.

但是在墨西哥，人们砍伐了蝴蝶赖以栖息的树木，因为他们需要更多的耕地。cutdown“砍伐”

e.g.Manytreeshadbeencutdown

sothatthesoilwaswashedaway.

许多树木被砍伐了，结果土壤被雨水冲走。cutdown还有“削减”的意思。e.g.Wemustcutourexpensesdowninordertolivethroughthewholeyear.

我们必须减少消费，以便度过全年。e.g.Doyourestanybettertoday?今天你休息得好点吗？Don’tlethimrestuntilhepromisestogowithus.他不答应跟我们一起去，就一直缠着他不让他安生。Herestedahandontheman’sshoulder.他把一只手放在那人肩上。rest在本句中的意思是“暂停；停止”。还有“休息；安定下来；放心”的意思。现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在还未结束。现在完成进行时有时也可用来表示经常的、反复的动作。现在完成进行时(1)结构：have/has+been+V-ing(2)与since或for引导的时间状语连用；since后接动作开始的时间，for后面接一段时间；对since或for引导的时间状语提问时要用howlong

。(3)否定形式是在have/has后加not构成，可缩写为haven’t/hasn’t。(4)一般疑问句形式是将have/has提至主语前；肯定回答用“Yes,主语+have/has.”，否定回答用“No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t.”。e.g.a.-Howlonghaveyoubeendrawing?-Ihavebeendrawingfortwohours.b.-HowlonghasMariabeenplayingthepiano?-Shehasbeenplayingthepianosinceshewasfiveyearsold.c.Theyhaven’tbeenworkingsincelastmonth.d.-Hashebeenlivinghere?-Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t.定语从句是在复合句中起定语作用，修饰名词、代词或整个主句的从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose等)和关系副词(where,when,why)。定语从句关系词在定语从句中的作用：①连接主句和定语从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中充当一定的成分。(1)关系代词that与which在定语从句中，关系代词that既可指人，也可指物，which一般用于指物。在指物时，二者一般可以互换，但非限制性定语从句中多用which引导。e.g.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesthatarebuiltclosetoeachother.Thatevening,whichIwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.

(2)关系代词who与whomwho指人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语，一般可用that替换。whom指人，是宾格，在定语从句中作宾语。在口语和非正式文体中可用who或that替换，也可以省略。e.g.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,whourgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.

(3)关系代词whosewhose是who的所有格，在定语从句中作定语，起限定作用。whose引导定语从句时，先行词可指人，也可指物。e.g.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.关系副词的用法引导定语从句的关系副词主要有when,where,why等，它们在从句中分别充当时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等。e.g.Weliveinanagewhenmoreinformationisavailablethaneverbefore.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriends,whereweenjoyedabeautifulviewofthelake.

特殊先行词后的定语从句(1)先行词way后的定语从句way后跟有定语从句，且定语从句中缺少状语时，定语从句通常由inwhich或that引导，也可以省略。e.g.Idon’tunderstandtheway(inwhich/that)theyworkedouttheproblem.(2)先行词reason后的定语从句reason为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则常用why或forwhich引导；如果定语从句中缺少宾语，则常用that或which引导，也可以省略。e.g.Canyoutellmethereasonwhyhewaslate?Canyoutellmethereason(that/which)hetoldyou?(3)有些先行词虽不表示具体的地点，但表达一种“地步、境地、形势”等抽象概念，position,situation,case,stage,point等，且关系词在定语从句中作状语，则用where来引导。先行词为occasion时，一般要用when引导。e.g.Salesdirectorisapositionwhere

communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.Ihavereachedapointinmylife

whereIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.1.Theplace_____interestedmemostwastheChildren’sPalace.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_____?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Thisisthehotel_____lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed4.Doyouknowtheyear____theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.when