2024届高三英语一轮复习语法填空专题：印刷术 课件

Printing印刷术Delicatestrokes,carvedontowood,withultimateprecision.Thisiswoodblockprinting,

56

ancientprintingtechniquethathaspromotedhumancivilization.Certainpeoplearebelieved

57

(bring)BuddhismintoChinaduringtheTangDynasty

（618-907）,whentherewasastrongneedtoproducealargenumberofBuddhistscriptures

(经文),andcopyingbyhandcouldnotmeetthe

58

(rise)demand.AncientChinesecraftsmenthuscameupwithanovelwaytocreateprintedworksmassively.Hencecamethe

59(origin)

versionofwoodblockprinting.Traditionalwoodblockprintingcanbedividedintofourmajorsteps:writing,engraving,printing,andbinding.Witheachstepthensub-dividedintoseveralprocedures,

60

takesroughly30stepstoproduceawoodblockprint.Charactersandimages

61

(carve)toproduceraisedareasorlines,whichcallsforskilledhands.TheBuddhistscriptureDiamondSutra,the"earliestdatedprintedbook",canonlybeseenintheBritishLibrary,

62

alotofChinesetreasuresarestored.Itisjustoneexampleofancientworksofartthatnotonlytellsthe

63

(wise)ofourancestors,butalsoisawitness

64

thepursuitofbeautybyChinesecraftsmenthroughoutcenturies.Theinventionofwritinggavelifetogreatthoughts,

65

itwastheinventionofprintingthatmadeknowledgeashareablefruitforallhumankind.Delicatestrokes,carvedontowood,withultimateprecision.Thisiswoodblockprinting,

56

ancientprintingtechniquethathaspromotedhumancivilization.56.an细腻的笔触，雕刻在木头上，精准无比。这就是雕版印刷，一种促进了人类文明的古老印刷技术。Certainpeoplearebelieved

57

(bring)BuddhismintoChinaduringtheTangDynasty

(618-907),whentherewasastrongneedtoproducealargenumberofBuddhistscriptures

(经文),andcopyingbyhandcouldnotmeetthe

58

(rise)demand.

57.tohavebrought

58.rising据说，有人在唐朝时期将佛教传入中国，当时对制作大量佛经的需求非常强烈，而手工抄写已经无法满足不断增长的需求。AncientChinesecraftsmenthuscameupwithanovelwaytocreateprintedworksmassively.Hencecamethe

59(origin)

versionofwoodblockprinting.59.original

中国古代工匠因此想出了一种大规模创作印刷作品的新方法。因此出现了木版印刷的原始版本。Traditionalwoodblockprintingcanbedividedintofourmajorsteps:writing,engraving,printing,andbinding.Witheachstepthensub-dividedintoseveralprocedures,

60

takesroughly30stepstoproduceawoodblockprint.60.it

传统木版印刷可分为书写、雕刻、印刷、装订四大步骤。每个步骤再细分为若干道工序，制作一幅木刻版画大约需要30个步骤。Charactersandimages

61

(carve)toproduceraisedareasorlines,whichcallsforskilledhands.61.arecarved雕刻文字和图像以产生凸起区域或线条，这需要熟练的双手。TheBuddhistscriptureDiamondSutra,the“earliestdatedprintedbook”,canonlybeseenintheBritishLibrary,

62

alotofChinesetreasuresarestored.

62.where“最早的印刷书籍”《金刚经》只能在大英图书馆看到，那里藏有大量的中国珍品。Itisjustoneexampleofancientworksofartthatnotonlytellsthe

63

(wise)ofourancestors,butalsoisawitness

64

thepursuitofbeautybyChinesecraftsmenthroughoutcenturies.63.wisdom

64.to/of

它只是古代艺术品的一个例子，它不仅讲述了我们祖先的智慧，也见证了中国工匠几个世纪以来对美的追求。Theinventionofwritinggavelifetogreatthoughts,

65

itwastheinventionofprintingthatmadeknowledgeashareablefruitforallhumankind.65.but/yet文字的发明赋予了伟大思想生命，而印刷术的发明使知识成为全人类共享的果实。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theearliestprintedbookthatwecandateaccuratelyisacopyofthe

DiamondSutra

foundinDunhuang,China,in1907.AfterprintingwasdevelopedinChina,36.______(thousand)ofcopiesofsomeearlytextswereprinted.400,000copiesofa10thcenturyChineseBuddhisttextstillexisttoday.37.______wasalsointhe10thcenturythatmanyChinesetexts38.______(begin)appearingintheformofbookswithpages.Oneproblemwithusingasingleblockofwoodforprintingwasthatifyoumadeamistakewhile39.______(carve)thewood,youwouldhavetostartalloveragain.Thesolutionwasmovabletype,40.______wasinventedbyBiShengofHubeiProvince.Biusedporcelain(瓷)Chinesecharacters41.______(place)inaprintingframeonanironplateinordertoprintbooks.AninventorandgovernmentofficerinAnhuiProvince,WangZhenmadeimprovementstoBi’ssystembetween1290and1301.First,Wangdevelopedasystemformakinghigh-quality42.______(wood)charactersofthesamesize.Next,andmost43.______(important)hefoundawaytoorganizethesecharacterssotheycouldquicklyandeasilybefoundbytheprinter.Hedidthis44.______storingthecharactersontworoundtableswhichcouldbeturned.Thecharacters45.______(order)bypronunciation,andwerealsogivenanumber.Theprintercouldcalloutthenumberofthecharacterheneeded,andhisassistantwouldbringittohim.

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国活字印刷术的发明。

36.thousands【解析】thousandsof为固定搭配,意为“成千上万的”。故此空填thousands。

37.It【解析】此处是强调句Itwas…that,属于固定句型。故此空填It。38.began【解析】此句时间状语是inthe10thcentury,属于过去的时间，此处作谓语，且表主动。故此空填began。

39.carving【解析】此处为while引导的时间状语从句,省略了youwere,从句主语you与carve之间为主动关系,故此空填carving。

40.which【解析】此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为movabletype,空格处在从句中作主语,故此空填which。

41.placed【解析】Chinesecharacters与place之间是被动关系，所以应填过去分词作后置定语。故此空填placed。

42.wooden【解析】此空后为名词,需用形容词修饰。故此空填wooden。

43.importantly【解析】此处作状语修饰句子,需用副词。故此空填importantly。

44.by【解析】根据句意，此处需用方式介词表示“通过、借助”之意，故此空填by。

45.wereordered【解析】此句主语为复数名词TheFourGreatInventions

Whatarefourgreatinventions?TheFourGreatInventionsinancientChinaare

highlyrevered

inChineseculturefortheirhistoricalsignificanceand

serveas

symbolsofChinese

advanced

scienceandtechnology.Theyare

TheCompass,

Gunpowder,

Papermaking

and

Printing.

Thesefourinventions

greatlypromoted

thedevelopmentofChina'seconomy,politics,andculture.Whenthesetechnologies

wereintroducedto

theWestthroughvariouschannels,they

substantially

revolutionized

worldcivilizatioFollowingCaiLun’s(蔡伦)inventionofthepaper-makingtechniqueintheHanDynasty(206BC-220AD),thematerialforwritingbooksonbecamemuchlighterandmoreeconomicalthanbefore,buttheprocessofrecordingwrittenworkswasvery

labor-intensive,andonlyonebookcouldbecopiedbyhandatatime,fallingfarshortofthesocialdemand.自从汉朝蔡伦发明造纸术以后，书写材料比过去要轻便、经济多了。但是要出版文稿，还要手工抄写。然而，抄写书籍还是非常费工的，一次只能抄写一本，远远不能适应社会的需要。Beforeprintingwasinvented,ascholarhadtocopycharactersonebyoneifhewantedtopublishanewbook.印刷术发明之前，想出版新书的学者必须一字一字地抄写。DuringtheNorthernSongDynasty,BiShenginventedmovable-typeprintingaftermanyyearsofexperimentation.北宋时期，经过多年的实验，毕昇发明了活字印刷术(movable-typeprinting)。Heengravedthecharactersonsmallpiecesofclayandheatedthemuntiltheybecamehardmovablecharacters.他把汉字刻在一小块泥胚(piecesofclay)上，加热汉字直到其变成硬的活字。Whenprintingabook,peopleplacedthemoveablecharactersinorderintoawholeblockandthenranoffaprint.印书时，人们按顺序将活字摆在一起，印出印迹。Afterprinting,theytooktheblockapartandreusedthecharacterslater.印刷完后，他们把字分开，以后重复使用。Thismethodwasbotheconomicalandtime-saving.China’smovable-typeprintingfirstspreadeastwardintoKoreaandJapan,thenwestwardintoPersiaandEgypt,andatlast，aroundtheworld.这种方法既经济又省时。中国的活字印刷术首先向东传至朝鲜和日本，之后向西传至波斯(Persia)和埃及，最后传遍全球。Theinventionofmovable-typeprintinggreatlypromotedculturalexchangesamongcountriesallovertheworld.活字印刷术发明促进了世界各国的文化交流。Paper

making

wasimprovedin

abouttheyear

105AD

by

CaiLun,whowasan

imperial

courtofficialofthe

HanDynasty

(206BC-220AD).Beforetheinventionof

later

paper,ancientpeoplefromallovertheworldwrotewordsonmanykindsofnatural

materialssuchas

leaves

(byIndians),

animalskins

(Europeansmaybe),

rocks,and

earthenplates

(瓦片)（byMesopotamians).

Chinesepeople

used

bamboo

or

woodenstrips

,

tortoiseshells,or

shoulderblades

ofanox

to

record

importantevents.

Bookswrittenonbamboostripswerevery

heavy

and

tookuplotsofspace.Later,Chinesepeopleinventedakindofpaper

madeofsilk,whichwasmuchlighterthanthestrips.

Thepaper

wascalled

bo(帛).

Itwassoexpensivethatit

couldonlybeusedinthe

imperialcourtorgovernments.Every1._________(educate)ChineseknowsthenameofBiSheng,2.________inventedmovable-typeprinting,oneofthefourimportantinventionsthatancientChinacontributedtoworldcivilization.BiShenglivedinBianliang(today'sKaifengCity),thencapitalofChinaintheNorthernSongDynasty(960-1127).BiShengcarvedindividual3._________(character)

onidenticalpiecesoffineclay.4._________theblockhadbeenhardenedbyfire,thetypebecamedurableandcouldbeusedanytimeandanywhere.Themovabletypepiecescouldbegluedtoanironplateand5.________(easy)detachedfromtheplate.Characterscouldbeassembledtoprintapageandthenbrokenupandredistributedas

6.________(need).Whentheprintingwasfinished,thepiecescouldbeputawayforfutureuse.Contrary7.________manyclaims,BiSheng'sclaytypeswerenotfragilebutinfact,“hardandtoughashorn”.BiSheng'sinvention8._________(record)ShenKuo(1031-1095),theChinesepolymath,scientist,and