【课件】Unit+1Discovering+useful+structures+课件人教版（2019）必修第一册

DiscoveringUseful

StructuresNounPhrasesAdjectivePhrasesAdverbPhrasesUnit1TeenagelifeLearningObjectives1.Learnthestructureandfunctionofphrases.2.Practiceusingphrasestoimproveadraft.3.Trytoanalyseandusephrasesinsentences.Attheendoftheclass,youwill:单词文章短语句子字母短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。NounPhrase名词短语AdjectivePhrase形容词短语PrepositionalPhrase介词短语AdverbPhrase副词短语VerbPhrase动词短语短语分类NounPhrase名词短语AdjectivePhrase形容词短语PrepositionalPhrase介词短语AdverbPhrase副词短语VerbPhrase动词短语短语分类短语（Phrases）名词短语（NP）形容词短语（AdjP）副词短语（AdvP）作定语、表语或宾语补足语作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等作主语、表语、宾语或宾语补足语短语分类词

类(根据词义、句法作用和形式特征分类)序号词类名称作用例词1名词Noun(n.)人或事物的名称girl,history2代词Pronoun(pron.)代替名词、数词等they,many3数词Numeral(num.)表示数目或顺序nine,third4形容词Adjective(adj.)表示人或事物的特征brave,small5动词Verb(v.)表示动作或状态hear,know6副词Adverb(adv.)表示动作特征或状态特征nicely,clearly7冠词Article(art.)用在名词前,帮助说明意义a,an,the8介词Preposition(prep.)用在名词、代词前说明与别的词的关系for,from9连词Conjunction(conj.)用来连接词与词或句与句and,if10感叹词Interjection(interj.)表示说话时的感情或口气oh,ah实意词虚词实词:可以在句中独立担任成分虚词:不能在句中独立担任任何成分名词短语(NP)定义：名词与它的修饰语一起构成的短语。功能:在句中作名词用。可以充当主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。结构：(限定词)＋(数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)＋名词＋(介词短语)限定词：包括冠词(a，an，the)；指示代词(this，that，these，those等)；形容词性物

主代词(my，your，his，her，our，their，its等)和不定代词(some，no，

neither，both等)。abeautifulcampussomeschoolclubsabeautifulcampusofmyschool顺口溜记忆：

限(限定词)观(外观形容词)形(形状形容词)大(大小形容词)龄(年龄新旧形容词)色(颜色形容词)国(国家等出处形容词)材(材料质地等形容词)。Theseredrosesareforyou.这些红玫瑰是送给你的。⑴名词短语作主语⑵名词短语作宾语Ihavethreeclosefriends.我有三个要好的朋友。⑶名词短语作表语Heismybestfriend.他是我最好的朋友。⑷名词短语作宾语补足语Weconsiderhimagoodteacher.我们认为他是一位好老师。【小试牛刀】指出下列句子中标红的名词短语在句中所作的成分，并注意其组成。①Theseideasmayseemstrangetoyou.②Weloveourgreatmotherlandverymuch.③Themanwearingablackcoatisourteacher.

④ThosebeautifulflowerscomefromYunnan.⑤Wemadehimcaptainofourteam.

⑥Hegotthreegoldmedalsatthe23rdOlympicGames.⑦Thetallbuildingwasbuiltlastyear.主语宾语主语宾补宾语主语表语形容词短语(AdjP)定义：由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。功能：形容词短语可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。结构:(副词)＋形容词＋(介词短语)组成：①两个或多个形容词由and,but等连接构成形容词短语。②very等程度副词作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。③介词及其宾语可用在形容词后修饰形容词，可与形容词构成形容词短语。④不定式在形容词后作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。verysuitablereallyveryconfusingstrongenough(1)形容词短语作定语Wehaveasmallbutbeautifulroom.我们有一个漂亮的小房间。Heisaworkerworthyofpraise.他是一个值得表扬的工人。(2)形容词短语作表语。Thebridgeislongandwide.这座桥又长又宽。(3)形容词作宾语补足语。Ithinkyouranswercorrectandproper.我认为你的答案正确且恰当。【小试牛刀】指出下列句中的形容词短语。①Heisyoungbutclever.②Theroomwasverydirty.③Theroadislongenough.④Thebottleisfullofwater.⑤Sheisalivelyandlovelygirl.【小试牛刀】指出下列句子中标红的形容词短语在句中所作的成分。①Theairtodayisniceandclean.②Hefoundthefilmveryinteresting.③Thisisasubjectworthyofcarefulstudy.④OurEnglishteacherisveryniceandpatient.⑤Ifounditveryhardtogetalongwithforeigners.

宾补定语表语宾补表语副词短语(AdvP)定义：由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的短语。功能：副词短语在句中主要用作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词等。结构：(副词)＋副词veryquicklyquitewellmuchmorecreatively指出下列句中的副词短语。①Shetypesquicklyandcorrectly.②Hecanfinishthatmuchquicker.③Theteacherspeaksclearlyenough.

【小试牛刀】quicklyandcorrectlymuchquickerclearlyenough指出下列句子中标红的副词短语在句中所作的成分。①Heranveryquicklyyesterday.修饰作②Iammuchtoopleasedtoseeyou.修饰作【小试牛刀】形容词状语动词状语Ⅰ.写出下列句子中标红部分的短语类型。1．Wewerepassingbyaboathousewhenwemether.2．Twoofmybrother'sfriendscametoseehimoff.3．Shewillexplainquiteclearlywhatsheintendstodoinfuture.4．Quiteproperly,shewaspunished.5．Heisinexperienced,butheisquiteclever.

【大展身手】名词短语名词短语副词短语副词短语形容词短语6．Thefruitisgoodtoeat.7．Theservantwasafraidtowakeuphismaster.8．Ididn'tneedtoanswerthequestions,whichsavedmealot

oftrouble.9．Thecuteboywearingbluejeansismybrother.10．Alwaysnervous,themanopenedtheletters.形容词短语形容词短语名词短语形容词短语名词短语Ⅱ.写出下面短文中标红短语的类型，并写出其所作的句子成分。

InCanada，volunteeringis

extremelycommonamongpeopleofallages.Theybelievethatbeinghelpfulisoneofthemostimportantqualitiestohave.Therearemanyformsofvoluntaryworkandopportunitiestohelpare

everywhere,includingschoolsorpeople'sgardens.形容词短语；作表语名词短语；作表语名词短语；作宾语I'mvolunteeringforanorganisationtoassisttheteachersthere.I'minchargeofapreschoolclass，wherestudentsareverylovely.WhenIfirststarted,IwasquitenervousasI'dneverworkedwithlittlekidsbefore.Astimewenton,Ibecamemorefamiliarwiththem.Oneteacheraskedmetohelptheyoungestgirlintheclassdrawapicturebasedontheword“grateful”．名词短语；作宾语形容词短语；作表语形容词短语；作表语名词短语；作宾语AsIwasdrawingandtalkingwithher,Igraduallyfeltwarmandpeaceful,andIrealiseditwasnotthatdifficulttoworkwithlittlekids.Whentheclasswasover,IfeltreallyexcitedandevenabitproudofwhatIhaddone.Volunteeringgivesusnotonlyanopportunitytochangesomeone'slifebutalsothesatisfactionofhelpingothers.Itisalsoagreatwaytodevelopsocialskillsandvaluableexperienceforourfuture.Forexample，Ihavelearnttospeaktoothersmorekindlyandclearly.形容词短语；作表语形容词短语；作表语副词短语；作状语1Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.2ThebuildingissobigthatI'mcompletelylost.3Thekidsoverthereareputtingsomethingonaroundpaperplate.4Lindathinksandspeaksquitequickly,andshecandowellinthedebate.5ThenewcoachtoldmethatIdidn’tplaywellenough.6My

firstFrenchclasswasveryconfusing.Theteacherspokesofast!【课本习题】1Thefirstweek

wasalittleconfusing.2Thebuilding

issobigthatI'mcompletelylost.3Thekidsoverthereareputtingsomethingon

a

roundpaperplate.【课本习题】NPAdjPNPAdjPAdjPNPNP4Lindathinksandspeaksquitequickly,andshe

candowellinthedebate.5ThenewcoachtoldmethatIdidn’tplaywell

enough.6My

firstFrenchclasswasveryconfusing.The

teach