【原创】语法专题语法倒装句

Welcometoourclass!倒装句语法专题

英语句子通常有两种语序：一种是陈述语序，一种是倒装语序。英语的一般语序是主语+谓语，如果把谓语的全部或是一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为倒装。

倒装有两种形式：谓语全部放在主语之前叫完全倒装；只将助动词、情态动词、系动词提前叫部分倒装。

基本语序naturalordersubject主+predicate谓+object宾

Ilikemusic倒装语序完全倒装部分倒装predicate+subject助动词/情态动词/系动词+subject+v+…完全倒装fullinversion部分倒装partialinversionHerecametheheadmaster.NeverwillIforgiveyou.句子为什么要使用倒装呢？表示强调。承上启下。平衡结构。增强句子的表现力。制造悬念，渲染气氛。?熟读深思观察句子，说出他们是哪种情况下的倒装。(1)Herecomesthebus.(2)Inshecame.(3)Underthedeskisafootball.(4)Sucharethefacts.(5)Therestandsanancienttoweronthetopofthemountain.(6)PresentatthepartywereMr.Greenandmanyotherguests.全部倒装用于therebe句型。

Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.主语位于谓语arethere之后原句自然顺序是：Manystudentsarethereintheclassroom.There_______attheentrancetothevalley.A.didanoldpinetreestand B.stoodanoldpinetreeC.didstoodanoldpinetree D.standanoldpinetree其中be可换为appear，enter，come，exist，happen，lie，live，remain，seem，stand等动词。①Thereexistsomeseriousproblemsinthemanagementofthecompany.②

Therelivedakinginlonglongago.Therecomesthebell.铃声响了。(2)由副词here，there，now，thus，then或in，out，away，up，off，down，back，over等开头的句子，谓语动词是be，come，follow，go，begin等，且主语是名词时。表示强调Practice1.Theplaneflewdown.Down______________2.Thecatjumpedup.Up________________3.Ourteachercamein.___________________4.Anewproblemcamethen._____________________5.Thethiefranaway.___________________

flewtheplane.

jumpedthecat.Incameourteacher.Thencameanewproblem.Awayranthethief.Theboywentaway.Hewentaway.Awaywenttheboy.Awayhewent.？注：当主语是人称代词时主谓不倒装.--Look.There_______.--Oh,there_________.comeshebus,comesitB.thebuscomes,itcomesC.Comesthebus,itcomesD.Thebuscomes,comesitPracticeInfrontofthepoolstandsahugestone.Outsidetheroomsitsalittledog.Onthetopofthehillstandsatower.完全倒装（completeinversion）Rule2:表示地点的介词短语位于句首时Alittlegirlsatunderatree.Underatree___________.

satalittlegirlAcrosstheriver___.A.liesanew-builtbridgeB.liesanewly-builtbridgeC.anewbuiltbridgelies D.anewlybuiltbridgelies3.表语置于句首时,倒装结构采用“表语＋连系动词＋主语”的结构形容词＋连系动词＋主语

PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.2)过去分词＋连系动词＋主语

Gonearethedayswhentheycoulddowhattheyliked.3)现在分词＋连系动词＋主语

Growingalloverthemountainarewildflowers.4.such作表语，置于句首，意为“……就是如此”。Suchwerehiswords.＝Suchwaswhathesaid.他就是这样说的。Seeingthepolicemancoming,away.A.theboysran B.rantheboysC.didtheboysrun D.theboysrun“WhereisKate?”“Look,_____.Sheisattheschoolgate.”A.theresheis B.thereissheC.hereyouare D.hereitis___arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.Gone B.GoC.Togo D.Going熟读深思观察句子，说出他们是哪种情况下的倒装(1)Bynomeanscanhecatchupinsuchashorttime.(2)Heisactiveinpersonality,andseldomdoeshestayindoors.(3)HardlyhadIgottotheairportwhentheplanetookoff.(4)Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.熟读深思(5)NeitherdidIwanttoseethefilmnordidIbuytheticket.(6)OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.(7)WereIthere,theywouldlistentome.(8)SuchacleverboywasJackthathewasabletoworkoutallthesedifficultproblems.(9)NotonlydoeshelikeEnglish,butalsohelearnsitwell.①Onlyonthetopofthemountain

canyouseethetower.②Onlythen

didheknowtheimportanceofknowledge.③Onlywhenhetoldmethenews

didIknowwhathadhappened.部分倒装（partialinversion）Rule1:Only修饰的副词，介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。1.YoucanmakeprogressinEnglishonlyinthisway.Onlyinthisway___you____progressinEnglish.2.IrealizedhowmuchIlovedthemonlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly.OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly

I

howmuchIlovedthem.canmake

did

realize3.只有我们自己才能拯救自己。Onlyweourselvescansaveourselves.注：only修饰主语，仍用自然语序。Practice部分倒装（partialinversion）①NeverhaveyoubeentoJapanbefore.②Seldomdowegetupatfourinthemorning.③Hardlyhadhefinishedhishomeworkwhenhewentout.④LittledidIknowwhenItookthetrip.Rule2:表示否定意义的词或短语位于句首时,句子使用部分倒装。常见的这类词或短语有：never,

not,seldom,hardly,little,nowhere,rarely,bynomeansinnocase,innoway,atnotime,onnocondition,undernocircumstances等。①Undernocircumstancesshouldwegiveuphope②Littledidheknowwhathappened.Hedidn’tfinishhishomeworkuntilhismothercameback.Notuntilyougettherewill

you

realizeitsrealbeauty.注：notuntil引导的从句位于句首，引起主句部分倒装。前不倒后倒Notuntil

hismothercameback

didhefinish

hishomework.Notonly

doeshedowellinhislessons,butalsoheoftenhelpsotherswiththeirlessons.Hedoesnotonlydowellinhislessons,butalsoheoftenhelpsotherswiththeirlessons.前倒后不倒类似用法的还有：Nosooner…than,Hardly/Scarcely…whenShehadnosoonergoneoutthanthetelephonerang.hadshe

goneoutthanthetelephonerang.Ihadhardlygottothebusstationwhenthebusstarted.

hadIgottothebusstationwhenthebusstarted.NosoonerHardly1.Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily.

A.thegamebegan

B.hasthegamebegun

C.didthegamebegin

D.hadthegamebegun2.Notonly______pollutedbut______crowded.A.wasthecity;werethestreetsB.thecitywas;werethestreetsC.wasthecity;thestreetswereD.thecitywas;thestreetswerePractice部分倒装（partialinversion）Mostofyouhaven’tbeenthere,neitherhaveI.Hesingswell,sodoesshe.Rule3:表示前面所说的情况，也适合于另一人或物。肯定句用so，否定句用neither/nor，句式如下：So/Neither(Nor)+系动词、助动词或情态动词＋主语。他喜欢读书，我也是．Helikesreadingverymuch._______SodoI.我从来没有去过北京大学，他也是．IhaveneverbeentoPekingUniversity,and_______________.

neither/norhashe1.Helikesdancing._______.A.Sohissisterdoes.B.Sodoeshissister.C.SohissisterisD.Soishissister.2-Youforgotyourpursewhenyouwentout.-Goodheavens,_______.A.sodidIB.soIdidC.IdidsoD.Isodid表示对上述情况的认同，确实如此，不用倒装--Heisagoodboy.--Soheis./Soishe.注：So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词“某人确实如此”1.Nancyworksinashopand___.A.sodoesAlanB.soAlantoodoesC.thatdoesAlantooD.thatAlantoodoes2.Sheneverlaughed,____losehertemper.A.orsheeverdid B.nordidsheeverC.ordidsheever D.norsheeverdid

1.So/such…that句型中的so/such部分位于句首时，需部分倒装。e.g.:①Sofrightened

washethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.②Suchanoblepersonishethatpeopleallrespecthim.其他倒装（otherinversions）Sodifficult____ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.A.IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfound2.as引导的让步状语从句（as可用though代替）

as/though引导的让步状语从句必须将表语

或状语提前（形容词,副词,名词,实义动词提前）。

1.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.

Childasheis,heknowsalot.

Rule①:n+as/though+s+vNote:名词提前，必须把冠词省略。2.Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.Youngasheis,heknowsalot.

Rule②:adj+as/though+s+v3.Thoughhetriedhard,hecouldn'tliftthestone.Hardashetried,hecouldn'tliftthestone.Rule③:adv++as/though+s+vTryashemight,hecouldn'tliftthestone.4.Thoughhemighttry,hecouldn'tliftthestone.Rule④:v+as/though+s+情动/助动词3.在某些表示祝愿的句型中：例如：Mayyousucceed.4.在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词，可将if省略，把were,had,should移到主语之前，采用部分倒装。

例如：①IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.

WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.

②Ifyouhadcomehere,youwouldhavemetthefilmstar.Hadyoucomehere,youwouldhavemetthefilmstar.③IfIshouldhavealotofmoney,Iwouldbuyit.ShouldI

havealotofmoney,Iwouldbuyit.5.在以often,well,manyatime,nowandagain

等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。如:①ManyatimehasJohngivenmegoodadvice.

②Oftenhavewemadethattest.Manyatime________swimmingalone.

A.theboywent

B.wenttheboy

C.didtheboygo

D.didgotheboy倒装句的考点倒装全部倒装部分倒装2.在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副词开头的句子里。

3.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。1、Only+状语位于句首时2.否定副词或短语位于句首时3、So\Neither\Nor位于句首时4、特殊句式1.Therebe结构。倒装口诀速记：副词开头要倒装，人称代词则如常。

only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装。否定意义副连词，“既不……也不”需倒装。表语前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装。

such代词作表语，引起主谓要倒装。

notonly开头句，前一分句需倒装。

had，were，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。倒装句的考点倒装全部倒装部分倒装2.在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副词开头的句子里。

3.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。1、Only+状语位于句首时2.否定副词或短语位于句首时3、So\Neither\Nor位于句首时4、特殊句式1.Therebe结构。1.【2012江西卷】Neverbefore

seenanybodywhocanplaytennisaswellasRobert.A．hadshe B．shehad C．hasshe D．shehas2.【2012重庆卷】Theheadmasterwillnotpermitthechangeinthecourse,nor______itathought.A.doesheevengivenB.heevengivesC.willhebeevengivenD.hewillevengiven高考再现3.【2012辽宁卷】Notuntilheretiredfromteachingthreeyearsago

havingaholidayabroad.A.hehadconsideredB.hadheconsideredC.heconsideredD.didheconsider4.【2012四川卷】Thisisnotmystory,nor______thewholestory.Mystoryplaysoutdifferently.A.isthereB.thereisC.isitD.itis5.【2012天津卷】OnlyafterMaryreadhercompositionthesecondtime_________thespellingmistakeA.didshenotice B.shenoticed C.doesshenotice D.shehasnoticed6.【2011全国卷I28】Onlywhenhereachedthetea-house______itwasthesameplacehe’dbeeninlastyear.A.herealizedB.hedidrealizeC.realizedheD.didherealize7.【2011全国卷I】Try____shemight,Suecouldn’tgetthedooropen.A.ifB.whenC.sinceD.as8.【2011福建卷】—It’snice.Neverbefore____suchaspecialdrink!—I’mgladyoulikeit.A.IhavehadB.IhadC.haveIhadD.hadI9.【2011湖南卷】Onlyaftertheyhaddiscussedthematterforafewhours_______adecisionA.theyreachedB.didtheyreachC.theyreachD.do