全国2021年4月高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读

全国2021年4月高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读一、单项选择题（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个可以替代句中划线的单词或词组，请将其代码填写在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.ThestrongincreaseinimportslastyearisattributedtobuoyanteconomicactivityaswellastothesuccessoftheGovernment’stradeandforeigninvestmentpolicies.

A.ascribedB.described

C.distributedD.contributed

2.InApril1984,theStateCouncildeclared14citiesalongtheentirecoastplusHainanIslandopentoforeigninvestment.

A.demonstratedB.informed

C.announcedD.displayed

3.InShanghai,Tianjinandotherurbancenters,Chinaistrying-withconsiderablesuccess-toattracthigh-technologyfirmsthatwillmodernizeitseconomy.

A.considerateB.considering

C.greatD.massive

4.Chilehasnowbeengrowingatanaverageannualrateof4.5percentagepointsforthepastsixyears.

A.quarterlyB.weekly

C.monthlyD.yearly

5.Butitappearsthatofficialsarepreparedtoturnupthetemperatureontrade-andlivewiththeconsequences.

A.consensusB.results

C.frequenciesD.agreements

6.Ifthepoliticalwilltocontinuemovingforwardfails,wecananticipatemorestrainsinthemarriagecontractthatultimatelywouldstrikeatwhatwe’veaccomplished.

A.activateB.participate

C.completeD.expect

7.Havingarguedthatcriticismofthetradesurplusismisconceived,MITI’spapergoesontopredictthatthesurpluswill,ofitsownaccord,graduallydiminishinsizeandrelevance.

A.willinglyB.reluctantly

C.accordinglyD.thoroughly

8.Korea,onceknownasthe“HermitKingdom”,isplainlyonthemove.

A.onmotionB.inprogress

C.underrevolutionD.forevolution

9.ShaikhFahimhasalreadyshowninrecentpublicstatementsthatheisinclinedtobeforthrightaboutthethreatposedbytheUAE’sneighboursacrosstheGulf.

A.forthcomingB.former

C.uprightD.straightforward

10.Jean-PierreSoisson,thefarmminister,hassaidFrancemayblocktheEC’sacceptanceofanewfarm-tradedeal,andtherebywrecktheround.

A.boomB.blink

C.constructD.obstruct

11.Butcountertradeisnottheexclusiveprovinceofdebtornations.

A.creditorB.borrower

C.purchaserD.loaner

12.Thecompanyisdistributingmoreconsumercouponsandgivingbottlersbiggerdiscounts.

A.givingoutB.assemblingto

C.collectingupD.gatheringupon

13.HongKongEggsandProductsCompanymonopolizestheimportofChineseeggs,bothfreshandpreserved.

A.confinesB.minimizes

C.dominatesD.mobilizes

14.Allotherthingsbeingequal,asubsequentfallinthedollarmightbeexpectedtogiveacompensatingboosttodollarcommodityprices.

A.pullB.push

C.dragD.draw

15.ValuesdeclinedinlinewithplatinumandNewYorkadvicesasminerswereencouragedtoreturntoworkbymanagementpromisesofnegotiation.

A.incontrastwithB.intermswith

C.incomparisonwithD.inagreementwith

二、将下列词组译成中文（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

16.fiscalpackages

17.countervailingduty

18.debtservice

19.liquidassets

20.goodresistance

21.currentaccount

22.cashcrops

23.GNP

24.deinflationarypolicy

25.equivalentvalue

三、将下列词组译成英文（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

26.市场份额

27.供应短缺

28.世界银行

29.本钱货物

30.生产力

31.国内需求

32.外汇收入

33.进口税

34.有形贸易收支

35.利润汇款

四、简答题(本大题共6小题，共18分)

Passage1

IfEuropeansaren’tburstingtogivethesinglemarketacoming-outparty,itmaysimplybethatmarketsaren’tthekindsofthingspeoplegushabout,asECcommissionpresidentJacquesDelorshasoftennoted.Thefactthatfreemovementofpeople-anaspectofthemarketthatwillbemostevidenttotheaverageperson-isnotyetarealityalsoplaysarole.

Anotherexplanationisthatmanyofthemarket’soriginal282directiveshavealreadybeenimplemented.

”ByJan.1wewillhavepassed95percentofwhatwesoughtin1986tocreatethesinglemarket,andmuchofthatwillalreadyhavebeentranslatedintonationallaw,”saysPerissich.“Adjustmenttothemarkethasbeengoingonforyearsandwon’tbeexpectedover-night.”

36.WhatdoesthefirstsentencetellusaboutEuropeans’attitudetowardthesinglemarket?

37.WhatarethereasonswhyEuropeansdon’tgivethesinglemarketacoming-outparty?

38.HowdoyouinterpretinEnglishtheunderlinedword“translate”inthethirdparagraph?PleasefindanappropriateChineseequivalentforit.

Passage2

OnaconservativeestimatetheUruguayroundwouldpermanentlyraiseglobalwelfarebymorethan$100billionayear,spureconomicgrowtheverywhere,andextendcompetitiontohithertosheltered,andthereforebackward,partsofalleconomies.Byanystandards,itwouldbeahugelyvaluableachievement.

Suchopportunitiescometoorarelytobesquandered.Yetthisonestillmaybe.

39.WhatwouldtheUruguayroundbringtothebackwardpartsofeconomies?

40.Whywouldaneconomybebackwardonceitis“sheltered”?

41.Pleaserewriteinfullthelastsentence“Yetthisonestillmaybe”.

五、正误判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

Passage1

Today,theInternetischangingthewaybusinesstransactionsareconducted.Itisempoweringbothconsumersandbusinessesbyprovidingexpandingmarketsandchoicestonotonlynational,butalsointernationalcommunities.Itbringsmorecompetitioninproductsandpricesanditencourageschangeandimprovement,givenitsabilitytoprovideinformationandcomparativechoices.

PuttingupaWebsitetopromoteanddisplayproducts,andattractingonlineshopperstolookaroundattheproducts,however,areonlyonewayofconductingbusinessviatheInternet.Torealizethetruepotentialofelectroniccommerce,aneffectivemethodofreceivingpaymentforproductswhicharesoldordeliveredthroughtheInternetisanecessity.ThisisthefocusofcurrentInternet-relatedresearch.WhileitiscurrentlypossibletobuythingsovertheInternet,thisformofcommercehasnotyetgainedenoughpopularity.Ithasgreatpotential.

Whilenobodyiscertainwhatthefuturewillbring,wedoknowthattheInternetrecognizesnonationalborders.Electroniccommerceisglobalinnature,sotheInternetcan’thelpbutdramaticallyincreaseinternationalbusiness.Theever-changingtechnologyinelectroniccommerceandtheintroductionofnewhardware,software,andservicetechnologyforcebusinessestoquicklyadjusttheirbasicbusinessstrategies.Companieswhowanttoparticipateintheworldwideelectroniccommercerevolutionmustadapttheirelectronicservicecapabilitiesandproductstotherequirementsoftheelectroniccommercemarketplace.

42.Oneresultofe-commerceismorecompetitioninproductsandprices.

43.ThepotentialoftheInternetgoesfarbeyonddisplayingandpromotingproducts.

44.PayingforproductsandreceivingpaymentthroughtheInternetarenowveryeffective.

45.TheproblemwiththeInternetisthatitdoesnotrecognizeinternationalmoney.

46.TheInternetcannotgreatlyhelpinternationalbusiness.

Passage2

Theglobaleconomyisbecomingmoreintegratedthaneverbefore.Ahalf-centuryofemphasisonfreetradebymajorindustrialcountrieshasresultedinthefreerflowofgoods,services,andcapitalamongnations.Asaresult,companiesbothlargeandsmallnowviewtheworld,ratherthanasinglecountry,astheirmarketplace.Also,companieshavedispersedtheirmanufacturing,marketing,andresearchfacilitiestothoselocationsaroundtheglobewherecostandskillconditionsaremostfavorable.Thistrendisnowsopervasiveinindustriessuchasautomobiles,aerospace,andelectronicsthatitisbecomingincreasinglyirrelevanttotalkabout“Americanproducts”or“Japaneseproducts”.

ConsiderwhathappenswhenanAmericanconsumerbuysacar.TheengineisproducedinFrance,thestoragebatteryinJapan,theseatbeltinAustria,andthebodyisassembledinGermany.Isita“Germanproduct”?Obviouslynot-butneitherisita“Frenchproduct”,a“Japaneseproduct”,oran“Austrianproduct”.Likeanincreasingnumberoftheproductswebuytoday,itisaninternationalproduct.

Theincreasingintegrationoftheglobaleconomyhashadmanyconsequences.First,thevolumeofworldtradegrowsatafasterratethanthevolumeofworldoutput.

Second,foreigndirectinvestmentisplayinganeverincreasingroleintheglobaleconomyascompaniesofallsizesinvestinoverseasoperations.

Athirdconsequenceisthatimportsarepenetratingdeeperintotheworld’slargesteconomies.Thegrowthofimportsisanaturalby-productofthegrowthofworldtradeandthetrendtowardthemanufactureofcomponentparts,orevenentireproducts,overseasbeforeshippingthembackhomeforfinalsale.

Finally,thegrowthofworldtrade,foreigndirectinvestment,andimportsimpliesthatcompaniesaroundtheglobearefindingtheirhomemarketsunderattackfromforeigncompetitors.ThisistrueinJapan,whereKodakhastakenmarketshareinthephotographicfilmindustryawayfromFujiandintheUnitedStates,whereJapaneseautomakers