辽宁省辽东教学共同体2023-2024学年高一上学期10月联考英语试题 （含答案解析）（含听力）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页辽宁省辽东教学共同体2023-2024学年高一上学期10月联考英语试题（含听力）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Ifyouareshortoftimeorwanttosupportpickyeaters,Iconsideramealdeliveryservicewhichshipsfreshandhealthyfoodtoyourdoor.Here,welistsomeofthebestonesintheUS.NurtureLifeNurtureLifehasmanymealoptionsforchildrenandadults,makingiteasytopreparemealsforeveryoneinyourhousehold.Mealsarepreparedandshippedfreshtoanyplaceinthecountry.Youneedtoorderdishesofmorethan＄59toqualify(有权)forfreeshipping,oritchargesapproximately$8fordelivery.DinnerlyDinnerlymakeshealthyhomemademealssimplewhilethemealsareaffordableformostpeople.Everyservingcostsabout$4withabouta$9shippingfee.Anddeliverydaysandtimesaredependentonwhereyoulive.YumiYumiisababymealservicethatoffershealthyfoodchoices.Mealplansaremadeforchildrenaged4monthstoover2yearsold.Itchargesabout$4permeal,whichincludesfreeshipping.Mealsaredeliveredby9pmonWednesdays,anditshipsmealseverywherebutHawaiiandAlaska.TheGoodKitchenTheGoodKitchenisagreatoptionforpeoplewithallergies(过敏反应).AllmealsfromTheGoodKitchenareshippedwithafulllistofingredients(烹饪原料),sopeopleknowexactlywhattheyareeating.Pricesforindividualservingsizesrangefromabout$11to$14permeal.Anditoffersfreedelivery.1．HowmuchshouldyouspendifyouwanttogetfreedeliveryfromNurtureLife?A．About$8. B．About$13. C．Fromabout$4to$9. D．Morethan$59.2．WhatcanweknowaboutDinnerly?A．Itsmealplansareonlymadeforchildren.B．Itoffersfreeshipping.C．Itsmealscanbedeliveredeveryday.D．Itsmealsarecheapenoughformostpeopletobuy.3．WhatdoYumiandTheGoodKitchenhaveincommon?A．Theyarebothbabymealservices.B．Theybothshipmealsfree.C．TheybothdelivermealseverywhereintheUS.D．Theyarebothsuitableforpeoplewithallergies.Fivehundredyearsago,Europeansarrivedonanewcontinent.TheybroughtnewculturesandlanguagestothisplacewhichtheycalledAmerica.However,therewerealreadypeoplelivingherewhohadtheirownculturesandlanguages,soaterriblepartofhistorybegan.AsmoreEuropeansarrived,therewasafightwiththeNativeAmericansforthelandandbytheendofthenineteenthcentury,thenativetribesweremovedtoreservations.AlotoftheirchildrenweretakenawaytoboardingschoolsandtaughttospeakEnglish.Bytheendofthetwentiethcentury,morethanhalfofNativeAmericanswerelivingincities.TheygaveupspeakingtheiroldtriballanguageandonlyusedEnglish.Asaresult,manyNativeAmericanlanguagesdisappeared,andwiththem,theirculture.SomeNativeAmericanlanguagesarestillusedtoday,buttheyareusuallyspokenbytheoldermembersofthetribeswhostillliveonthereservations.Formostoftheyoungermembersofthetribe,theeverydaylanguageisEnglish.Thegoodnewsisthatsomeofthese“lastspeakers”arekeepingtheircultureandlanguagealive.TheyarealsoreceivinghelpfromtheNationalGeographicSociety’sEnduringVoicesProjectwhichaimstokeeplanguagesaroundtheworldfromdyingout.Linguistsandexpertsmeetwiththese“lastspeakers”,interviewthem,andrecordvideo,pictures,andaudioofthem.The“lastspeakers”telloldstorieswhicharewrittendowninEnglishsopeoplecanlearnmoreabouttheculture.Recordingthelanguageandcultureisonlypartoftheproject.Thenextstageistopassonthelanguagetothenextgeneration.Somechildrenpickitupfromtheirparentsorgrandparents,butmanytribesnowoffercourses.TheSalishtribeisanexcellentexample.TheyliveonMontana’sFlatheadReservationandtheirlanguageisspokenbyabout50peopleovertheageof75andnooneunder50.Sothetribehassetupaschool.Ithas30studentsagedtwototwelveduringthedayandofferscoursesforadultsintheevening.Schoolsandprojectslikethesehopefullywillsavelanguagesforthefuture.4．What’sthepurposeoftheauthorbymentioningEuropeans’arrival?A．TotellaterriblepartofhistoryinAmerica.B．Tostatethenativetribes’beingmovedaway.C．ToexplainafightwiththeNativeAmericans.D．TointroduceNativelanguages’disappearance.5．WhyisEnglishcommonfortheyoungmembersoftribes?A．Theyareforcedtospeak. B．Theyhatenativelanguages.C．Theyhaveagapwiththeold. D．TheyconsiderEnglishpopular.6．What’sattitudeoftheauthortokeepingtribes’languagesalive?A．Negative. B．Objective. C．Supportive. D．Uninterested.7．WhatdirectlydrivestheSalishschoolfounded?A．Theagingsituationof“lastspeakers“.B．Therecordoftheirlanguageandculture.C．Thechildrenandadults’strongdesire.D．Thedistanceandpovertyoftheirreservation.Doinglotsofexerciseinolderagecanpreventtheimmunesystemfromdroppingandprotectpeopleagainstinfections,scientistssay.Theyfollowed125long-distancecyclists,20-year-olds.Prof.NormanLazarus,whotookpartintheresearch,said,“Ifexercisewasapill,everyonewouldbetakingit.Ithasmanybenefitstothebody.”JanetLord,aco-authoroftheresearch,said,“Theimmunesystemdropsbyabout2%-3%ayearfromour20s,whichiswhyolderpeoplearemoresusceptible(易受影响的)toinfections.Becausethecyclistshavetheimmunesystemsof20-year-oldsratherthana70-or80-year-olds,itmeanstheyhaveaddedprotectionagainstallthesediseases.”TheresearcherslookedatmarkersinthebloodforT-cells,whichhelptheimmunesystemrespondtonewinfections.TheyfoundthatthecyclistswereproducingthesamelevelofT-cellsasadultsintheir20s,whereasagroupofinactiveolderadultswereproducingveryfew.Theresearchersbelievethatbeingphysicallyactiveinoldagewillhelppeoplebebetterprotectedagainstinfectionssuchasflu.SteveHarridge,aprofessorofphysiology,said,“Beingsedentary(久坐不动的)goesagainstevolutionbecausehumansaredesignedtobephysicallyactive.Youdon’tneedtobeacompetitiveathletetogetthebenefits-orbeaprofessionalcyclist-anythingwhichgetsyoumovingwillhelp.”HarridgeandLazarusbelievethathighlyphysicallyactiveolderpeoplerepresenttheperfectgrouptoanalysethetrueeffectsofbiologicalageing.AseparatepaperinAgingCellfoundthatthecyclistsdidnotlosemusclemassorstrength,anddidnotseeanincreaseinbodyfat,whichareusuallyconnectedwithaging.8．WhydidLazarussayexercisewasapill?A．Toshowheisanexpert.B．Toshowheisaresearcher.C．Toshowtheimportanceofpills.D．Toshowthenecessityofexercise.9．WhatiswrongaboutthedescriptionofT-cells?A．Theyarethemarkersofblood.B．Theyfightagainstinfections.C．Theycanhelpimmunesystems.D．Theyarebeneficialtoourhealth.10．WhichofthefollowingmaySteveHarridgeagreewith?A．Evolutioniseasytomisleadmanypeople.B．Anykindofexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.C．It’snecessarytobeaprofessionalcyclist.D．Athletescanbebestprotectedagainstinfections.11．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theexercise’seffectsonagingaredoubtful.B．Manycyclistsarestrongandhavelessmuscle.C．Theolderamanis,theeasierheistobecomefat.D．Mostolderpeoplearen’thighlyphysicallyactive.NewresearchsuggeststhatclimatechangemayhavebeenresponsiblefortheendofancientMayancivilization,whichstartedin1,500BC．AccordingtofindingspublishedintheNovemberissueofScience,scientistshavefoundevidencetosupporttheideathatasuddenandcompletechangeinweatherledtoalongdryperiod.Asaresultofit,agriculturalproductivity(生产力)decreasedrapidly,whichfinallycausedtheendofancientMayancivilization.Insteadofbeingman-made,scientiststhinkElNino(厄尔尼诺)eventsledtotheweatherchange.ThefindingscameafterProfessorDouglasKenettledaninternationalteamincludingresearchersfromtheUS,Belize,SwitzerlandandGermanytostudythestalagmites(石笋)incaves.Raingotintothecavesandcombinedwiththewetlimestone,andfinallythetwoformedstalagmites.Raincangivescientistssomeinformationastohowwettheareawasataparticularpointinhistory.Kennett'steamfocusedonasinglecaveintheBelizejungleslocatednearfourMayansites.Theypulleda22-inchstalagmitefromdeepwithinthecaveanduseditschemicalrecordtoguidetheway.Theyfoundthatthereweredroughts(干旱)lastingmanyyearsbetween900and1100.ThosedateswerethesameperiodsofgreatsufferinginMayanhistory.Duringdryperiodstherewerewars-commonforculturesstrugglingoverresourcesandthechangesofpoliticalrulers.Theworstdroughtfrom1020to1100happenedtobetheacceptedendofMayancultureitself.ButKennettaddedthatthegreatestperiodsofrainfall“saw"thatMayanculturethrivedfrom450to660and“saw”thefoundingofitsgreatestcities.12．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．ClimatechangeisthemaincauseoftheendofancientMayancivilization.B．ThedecreaseofculturalproductivitycausedtheendofancientMayancivilization.C．ElNinoeventsledtotheweatherchange.D．Rainandlimestoneformedthestalagmites.13．Whatformedthestalagmitesinthecaves?A．Earthandlimestone. B．Rainandlimestone.C．Earthandrain. D．Rainandearth.14．WhendidtheancientMayancivilizationend?A．Before1,500BC． B．Between450and660.C．Between660and900. D．Between1020and1100.15．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thrived”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Graduallyhappened. B．Slowlydisappeared.C．Stoppedsuddenly. D．Developedfast.二、七选五AccessingtheInternetisn’tnormallyaproblemwhenyou’reinsideyourownhome-it’ssecure.Whenyouareinapublicplace,it’sadifferentstory.YoucanaccessWi-Fiinmoreplacesthanever,enablingyoutokeepintouchorcatchupwithworkfromwhereveryouhappentobe.16.17,becauseyoudon’tknowwhosetsitup,orwhoelseisconnectingtoit.You’dbetternotuseit.Useyoursmartphoneasahotspotinstead.Butforthetimethat’snotpracticalorevenpossible,youcanstilllimitthedamagefrompublicWi-Fiwithafewsimplesteps.NopublicWi-Finetworkisabsolutelysecure.Thatdependsasmuchonwho’sonitwithyouaswhoprovidesit.BecarefulwiththepublicWi-Finetworkpoppinguponyourphoneinashoppingmall,oranetworkoperatedbyathirdpartythatyou’veneverheardof18.Ifyoucan,sticktoasfewpublicWi-Finetworksaspossible.Inanewcity,connecttoWi-Fiinastoreorcoffeeshopyou’veusedbefore,forexample.19,themorelikelythechancesthatyou’llcomeacrossonethatisn’ttreatingyourdataandbrowsingascarefullyasitshouldbe.Don’tgiveawaytoomuchinformation.20.Forexample,youshouldn’tletoutyouremailaddressoryourphonenumber.A．Usingabitofcommonsensedoesn’thurtB．ApublicWi-FinetworkislesssecurethanyourpersonaloneC．ThemorenetworksyousignuptoD．BeverycautiousifyouareaskedforalotofpersonaldetailsE．Ifyouhavetoconnecttonetworkslikethis,choosethoseyoutrustF．It’suptoyoutodecidewhetherthetrade-offisworthitforsomefreeInternetaccessG．Butgettingonlineisn’tquiteassafeaswithyourhomenetwork三、完形填空LastyearagroupoffriendsandIbeganaprojectcalledTheWorldNeedsYou.Itspurposeistoshowhow21itistomakeapositive(积极的)differenceinourcommunity.Overtheholidays,wecollectedhats,22andothercold-weatherequipment(设备)forthe“store”atanelementaryschool,wherestudentscan“buy”thingswith23earnedthroughgoodbehavior.Itwasa24waytogettheseitemstochildrenwhosefamiliesmightnotbeableto25them.“Dothechildrenneedanythingelse?”Iaskedthecoordinator(协调人)whenwesentour26tohim.“Umbrellas!”hesaid.“Mostofour27havetowalktoschool,andwhenitrains,theycomeinvery28.”Ofcourse!Ithought.Itdoesn’tsnowmuchhere,29wedohavealotofcoldrainydays.Parentswhoarepoormightnotbuy30.MyfriendsandIbeganto31:Wesente-mails,calledpeopleand32theprojectatsocialevents.Everyonehadthesame33:“I’veneverthoughtaboutthatbefore!”Wecollectedmorethan50umbrellasfortheschool34Aprilshowers.Wewereverysatisfied.35,thekidswillbesingingintherain!21．A．lucky B．easy C．wealthy D．quick22．A．glasses B．gloves C．needles D．bowls23．A．tips B．pleasure C．rewards D．love24．A．beneficial B．scientific C．simple D．common25．A．own B．use C．accept D．afford26．A．donations B．screens C．luggage D．staffs27．A．customers B．kids C．teachers D．employees28．A．concerned B．angry C．nervous D．wet29．A．but B．so C．and D．or30．A．candles B．umbrellas C．tickets D．houses31．A．weep B．recover C．work D．understand32．A．sufferedfrom B．madeout C．talkedup D．lookedinto33．A．comment B．review C．height D．response34．A．intimefor B．infavorof C．forlackof D．inneedof35．A．Surprisingly B．Hopefully C．Interestingly D．Suddenly四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It`sschooltimeagain!You’reprobably36(excite)oralittlesadforthevacationisover.Somekidsfeel37(nerve)oralittleafraid38thefirstdayofschoolbecauseofallthenewthings:newteachers,newfriends,ormaybeevenanewschool.39(lucky)these"new"worriesonlystayaroundfor40while.Let'sfindoutmoreabout41(go)backtoschool.Mostteachersstarttheschoolyearbyintroducing42(they)andtalkingaboutallthethings43you'llbedoingthatyear.Someteachersgivestudentsachancetosaysomethingaboutthemselvestootherstudentsinclass.Whenteachersdothetalkingonthefirstday,theyoftengooverclassroomsoyou'llknow44youshoulddoandwhatyoushouldnotdo.Youmightalreadyknowalotofpeopleinyourclassonthefirstday,butit'sagreatdaytomakenewfriends,sotrytosayhellotokidsyouknowornewonesthatyoudon't.45(make)thefirstmoveandyouwillbegladaboutwhatyoudidandsowillyournewfriends!五、开放性作文46．为了丰富“英语学习周”，学校组织一次面向全体学生的英语征文活动，主题为“DevelopGoodHabitsofEnglishLearning”，请你按照要求写一篇文章参加征文活动。文章要求：1、养成好的英语学习习惯的必要性；2、具体介绍你认为的好的英语学习习惯（至少两项）；3、养成好的英语学习习惯的决心。注意：1、词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DevelopGoodHabitsofEnglishLearning__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________六、读后续写47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语段续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150词左右。Jackson’sfamilyhiredadriver.Thedriver’sfamilycametostaywiththeminasmallhouseintheirbackyard.That’showJacksonmetthedriver’seight-year-oldsonTom.FromthedayhemetJackson,Tombecamehisfan.ForTom,11-year-oldJacksonseemedtobeabigboy.HewouldalwaysfollowJacksonaround.Tomdidn’tgotoschool.Hewasadmittedtoalocalgovernmentschool,butherefusedtogo.HetoldJacksonshylythattheteachersonlymadethemcopywordsfromtheblackboard.Sincehehadn’tlearnedhowtoread,hecouldnotunderstandanythingthatwaswrittenontheblackboard.

Jacksonfeltsorryforhim.OnSunday,JacksonsawTomsittingunderatreeholdinganalphabet(字母表)bookinhishands.JacksonwalkedquietlytowardshimanddiscoveredthatTomwasholdingthebookupsidedown.JacksontookthebookoutofTom’shandsandturnedtherightsideup.“Thisishowyoushouldread,”hetoldTom.TwobigtearsrolleddownTom’scheeks.TomtoldJackson,“Iwanttobelikeyou,butIcan’tdoanything.”Thatevening,JacksontoldhisparentstheyhadtohelpTomgetintoabetterschool.ItwasnoteasytomakeTomadmittedtoanewschool,becausethetimeforadmissionwasover.Luckily,oneprincipal(校长)lookedatTomkindlyandadmittedhimtoherschool.ThenextdayTomwenttohisnewschoolwearinganewshirt.ButwhenTomreturnedfromschool,hewasabitsad.Theotherchildreninhisclasshadlaughedathim.HetoldJackson,“TheyallsaidIammucholderthanthembutinasmallerclass.Idon’twanttogotoschool.”注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Paragraphl:Jacksonsaid,“Don’tworry,Tom,Iwillteachyoutoread."________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Twomonthslater,Tomreturnedfromschoolwithabrightsmile.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页参考答案：1．D2．D3．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是四个送餐服务的相关信息。1．细节理解题。根据NurtureLife部分的“Youneedtoorderdishesofmorethan＄59toqualify(有权)forfreeshipping,oritchargesapproximately$8fordelivery.(你需要点超过59美元的菜才有资格享受免运费，否则送货费用约为8美元。)”可知，如果你想从NurtureLife获得免费送货，你应该花超过59美元。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据Dinnerly部分的“Dinnerlymakeshealthyhomemademealssimplewhilethemealsareaffordableformostpeople.(晚餐使健康的自制饭菜变得简单，而且大多数人都能负担得起。)”可知，Dinnerly的饭菜很便宜，大多数人都买得起。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据Yumi部分的“Itchargesabout$4permeal,whichincludesfreeshipping.(每餐收费约4美元，包括免费送货。)”和TheGoodKitchen部分的“Anditoffersfreedelivery.(它还提供免费送货服务。)”可知，Yumi和TheGoodKitchen的共同之处是它们都免费送餐。故选B。4．D5．A6．C7．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，针对美洲原住民土著语言不断消失这一事实，当地人正在采取措施。4．推理判断题。由第二段“AsmoreEuropeansarrived,therewasafightwiththeNativeAmericansforthelandandbytheendofthenineteenthcentury,thenativetribesweremovedtoreservations.AlotoftheirchildrenweretakenawaytoboardingschoolsandtaughttospeakEnglish.Bytheendofthetwentiethcentury,morethanhalfofNativeAmericanswerelivingincities.TheygaveupspeakingtheiroldtriballanguageandonlyusedEnglish.Asaresult,manyNativeAmericanlanguagesdisappeared,andwiththem,theirculture.(随着更多欧洲人的到来，与美洲原住民争夺土地，到19世纪末，原住民部落被转移到保留地。他们的许多孩子被带到寄宿学校，并被教说英语。到二十世纪末，超过一半的美国原住民生活在城市。他们放弃了讲古老的部落语言，只使用英语。结果，许多美洲原住民语言消失了，他们的文化也随之消失)”可知，作者提到欧洲人的到来是为了介绍美洲原住民土著语言是如何消失的。故选D项。5．细节理解题。由第二段中的“AlotoftheirchildrenweretakenawaytoboardingschoolsandtaughttospeakEnglish.Bytheendofthetwentiethcentury,morethanhalfofNativeAmericanswerelivingincities.TheygaveupspeakingtheiroldtriballanguageandonlyusedEnglish.(他们的许多孩子被带到寄宿学校，并被教说英语。到二十世纪末，超过一半的美国原住民生活在城市。他们放弃了讲古老的部落语言，只使用英语)”可知，部落的年轻成员从小被迫说英语，所以英语在他们中很常见。故选A项。6．推理判断题。由第四段中的“Thegoodnewsisthatsomeofthese“lastspeakers”arekeepingtheircultureandlanguagealive.(好消息是，其中一些“最后的说话者”正在保持他们的文化和语言的活力)”可知，作者认为“最后的说话者”正在保持他们的文化和语言的活力是一个好消息，可得出作者对保持部落语言的生命力很支持这一件事持支持的态度。故选C项。7．细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Thenextstageistopassonthelanguagetothenextgeneration.Somechildrenpickitupfromtheirparentsorgrandparents,butmanytribesnowoffercourses.TheSalishtribeisanexcellentexample.TheyliveonMontana’sFlatheadReservationandtheirlanguageisspokenbyabout50peopleovertheageof75andnooneunder50.Sothetribehassetupaschool.(下一个阶段是将语言传给下一代。一些孩子从他们的父母或祖父母那里学习，但许多部落现在提供课程。萨利什部落就是一个很好的例子。他们住在蒙大拿州的平头保留地，大约有50名75岁以上的人使用他们的语言，50岁以下的人不使用。所以部落建立了一所学校)”可知，语言需要传给下一代，但萨利什部落只有大约50名75岁以上的人使用他们的语言，“最后的说话者”老龄化状况严重，所以成立萨利什学校。故选A项。8．D9．A10．B11．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是科学家称，老年人多做运动可以防止免疫系统下降，保护人们免受感染。8．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Doinglotsofexerciseinolderagecanpreventtheimmunesystemfromdroppingandprotectpeopleagainstinfections,scientistssay.(科学家称，老年人多做运动可以防止免疫系统下降，保护人们免受感染。)”和第二段的“Ithasmanybenefitstothebody.(它对身体有很多好处。)”可知，Lazarus说锻炼是药丸是为了显示锻炼的必要性。故选D。9．细节理解题。根据第三段的“TheresearcherslookedatmarkersinthebloodforT-cells,whichhelptheimmunesystemrespondtonewinfections.(研究人员观察了血液中的T细胞标记物，T细胞有助于免疫系统对新的感染做出反应。)”可知，T细胞可以对抗感染，可以帮助免疫系统，对我们的健康有益，因此A选项表述是错误的，故选A。10．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Youdon’tneedtobeacompetitiveathletetogetthebenefits-orbeaprofessionalcyclist-anythingwhichgetsyoumovingwillhelp.(你不需要成为一名竞技运动员，也不需要成为一名职业自行车手，任何能让你动起来的东西都会对你有帮助。)”可知，SteveHarridge可能同意任何运动对你的健康都有好处。故选B。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“AseparatepaperinAgingCellfoundthatthecyclistsdidnotlosemusclemassorstrength,anddidnotseeanincreaseinbodyfat,whichareusuallyconnectedwithaging.(AgingCell上的另一篇论文发现，骑自行车的人并没有失去肌肉质量或力量，也没有看到身体脂肪的增加，而这通常与衰老有关。)”可知，一个人年纪越大，越容易发胖。故选C。12．A13．B14．D15．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究发现，昔日繁荣的玛雅文明因为气候巨变而消亡。气候巨变导致长期干旱，致使农业生产力急剧下滑，最终导致了古玛雅文明的终结。12．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“NewresearchsuggeststhatclimatechangemayhavebeenresponsiblefortheendofancientMayancivilization,whichstartedin1,500BC.”（新的研究表明，气候变化可能是古玛雅文明(始于公元前1500年)终结的原因。）可知，文章主要讲的是气候变化是古玛雅文明灭亡的主要原因。故选A项。13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Raingotintothecavesandcombinedwiththewetlimestone,andfinallythetwoformedstalagmites.”（雨水进入洞穴，与潮湿的石灰岩结合，最终形成石笋。）可知，洞穴里的石笋是由雨水和石灰岩形成的。故选B项。14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Theworstdroughtfrom1020to1100happenedtobetheacceptedendofMayancultureitself.”（从1020年到1100年最严重的干旱恰好是玛雅文化本身被接受的终结。）可知，古玛雅文明终结于1020年到1100年之间。故选D项。15．词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中“…and“saw”thefoundingofitsgreatestcities.”（并“见证”了其最伟大城市的建立。）由此可知，此处指玛雅文明当时的繁荣，即其快速发展。故可此处划线单词thrived为“繁荣，兴盛”的意思，结合选项D项Developedfast.“发展快速”意思一致。故选D项。16．G17．B18．A19．C20．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是在公共场所使用Wi-Fi的注意事项。16．空前“YoucanaccessWi-Fiinmoreplacesthanever,enablingyoutokeepintouchorcatchupwithworkfromwhereveryouhappentobe.(你可以在比以往任何时候都多的地方使用Wi-Fi，使你无论身在何处都能保持联系或赶上工作。)”说的是你可以在家以外的地方使用Wi-Fi，空格处应该对这个事情做出评论，G选项“Butgettingonlineisn’tquiteassafeaswithyourhomenetwork(但是上网并不像家里的网络那么安全)”说明在家以外的地方使用Wi-Fi没有在家里使用Wi-Fi安全，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选G。17．空后说“becauseyoudon’tknowwhosetsitup,orwhoelseisconnectingtoit.You’dbetternotuseit.(因为你不知道是谁设置的，也不知道还有谁连接到它。你最好不要用它。)”说明不要使用某个东西，联系第一段的“AccessingtheInternetisn’tnormallyaproblemwhenyou’reinsideyourownhome-it’ssecure.Whenyouareinapublicplace,it’sadifferentstory.(当你在自己家里时，上网通常不是问题——它是安全的。当你在公共场所时，情况就不同了。)”可知，空格处应该说的是公共场所的Wi-Fi是不安全的，B选项“ApublicWi-Finetworkislesssecurethanyourpersonalone(公共Wi-Fi网络不如个人Wi-Fi网络安全)”说的是公共场所的Wi-Fi不安全，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选B。18．空前“BecarefulwiththepublicWi-Finetworkpoppinguponyourphoneinashoppingmall,oranetworkoperatedbyathirdpartythatyou’veneverheardof.(在购物中心，小心你手机上突然出现的公共Wi-Fi网络，或者你从未听说过的第三方运营的网络。)”说明在公共场所你可能会收到连接第三方运营的网络的通知，所以这时要自行判断能不能连接这种网络，A选项“Usingabitofcommonsensedoesn’thurt(运用一点常识也无妨)”说明了在决定是否要连接公共场所的Wi-Fi时可以用一些常识，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。19．空前“Ifyoucan,sticktoasfewpublicWi-Finetworksaspossible.(如果可以的话，尽量少用公共Wi-Fi网络。)”说明要尽量少连公共Wi-Fi网络，空后“themorelikelythechancesthatyou’llcomeacrossonethatisn’ttreatingyourdataandbrowsingascarefullyasitshouldbe.(你就越有可能遇到一个没有认真对待你的数据和浏览的人。)”表明你在某个情况下会更有可能遇到一个没有认真对待你的数据和浏览的人，因此空格处应该说的是你连接的公共网络越多，C选项“Themorenetworksyousignupto(你注册的网络越多)”说明的是你注册的网络越多，和下文“就越有可能遇到一个没有认真对待你的数据和浏览的人”，和后文构成“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。20．空前“Don’tgiveawaytoomuchinformation.(不要透露太多的信息。)”说明不要透漏太多的信息，也就是当人问你的时候一定要小心，D选项“Beverycautiousifyouareaskedforalotofpersonaldetails(如果你被要求提供很多个人信息，要非常小心)”说明当人家问你个人信息的时候要很小心，和前面的“不要透漏太多”相一致，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。21．B22．B23．C24．A25．D26．A27．B28．D29．A30．B31．C32．C33．D34．A35．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者和一群朋友为了帮助需要的人发起了“世界需要你”的公益活动，针对实际需要发起了一些募捐活动。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它的目的是展示在我们的社区中产生积极的影响是多么容易。A.lucky幸运的；B.easy容易的；C.wealthy富有的；D.quick快速的。根据下文中的“Overtheholidays,wecollectedhats,____2____andothercold-weatherequipment(设备)forthe“store”atanelementaryschool,wherestudentscan“buy”thingswith____3____earnedthroughgoodbehavior.”可知，作者他们为学校的“商店手机一些帽子、手套等防寒装备，学生们就可以通过良好的表现来“买”东西，由此可知，在社区中做出点有积极影响的事情是件很“容易”的事情。故选B项。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在假期里，我们为一所小学的“商店”收集了帽子、手套和其他防寒装备，学生们可以通过表现良好获得的奖励来“买”东西。A.glasses眼镜；B.gloves手套；C.needles针；D.bowls碗。根据上文中的“hats”和下文中的“andothercold-weatherequipment(设备)”可知，此处的防寒装备应为“手套”。故选B项。23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在假期里，我们为一所小学的“商店”收集了帽子、手套和其他防寒装备，学生们可以通过表现良好获得的奖励来“买”东西。A.tips建议；B.pleasure快乐；C.rewards奖励；D.love喜欢。根据上文中的““buy”things”和下文中的“earnedthroughgoodbehavior.”可知，通过表现良好而获得的奖励来“买”东西，所以此处应指的是获得“奖励”符合语境。故选C项。24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种有益的方式，可以把这些物品送给那些家庭可能买不起的孩子。A.beneficial有益的；B.scientific科学的；C.simple简单的；D.common普通的。根据语境和下文中的“togettheseitemstochildrenwhosefamiliesmightnotbeableto____5____them.”可知，通过孩子们自己的良好变现获得一些奖励，既可以让孩子们表现良好，还能得到一些孩子们的家中可能买不起的东西，由此可知，这是“有益的”方式。故选A项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一种有益的方式，可以把这些物品送给那些家庭可能买不起的孩子。A.own拥有；B.use使用；C.accept接受；D.afford买的起。根据上文中的“LastyearagroupoffriendsandIbeganaprojectcalledTheWorldNeedsYou.”可知，作者与朋友发起“世界需要你”的活动目的是帮助需要帮助的人，所以此处应是把这些物品送给那些不能“买得起”这些物品的家庭。符合语境。故选D项。26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我问协调人我们什么时候把捐款寄给他。A.donations捐赠；B.screens屏幕；C.luggage行李；D.staffs全体人员。根据上文中的“Overtheholidays,wecollectedhats,____2____andothercold-weatherequipment(设备)forthe“store”atanelementaryschool,”可知，在假期期间，作者与朋友们募捐了一些防寒物品，所以此处应是询问协调人员什么时候把这些“捐赠物品”给他们，符合语境。故选A项。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的大多数孩子都得走路上学，一下雨，他们就浑身湿透了。A.customers消费者；B.kids孩子；C.teachers教师；D.employees雇员。根据上文中的““Dothechildrenneedanythingelse?””可知，作者问协调员，孩子们还需要别的吗？由此可知，此处指的是“孩子们”都是走路上学，一下雨就会浑身湿透。故选B项。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的大多数孩子都得走路上学，一下雨，他们就浑身湿透了。A.concerned担忧的；B.angry生气的；C.nervous紧张的；D.wet湿的。根据上文中的“Mostofour____7____havetowalktoschool,andwhenitrains”可知，孩子们走路上学，一下雨应该是浑身都“湿透”了。故选D项。29．考查连词词义辨析。句意：这里下雪不多，但我们确实有很多寒冷的雨天。A.but但是；B.so所以；C.and和；D.or或。根据上文中的“Itdoesn’tsnowmuchhere”和下文中的“wedohavealotofcoldrainydays.”可知，上下文之间为转折关系，所以此处应使用并列连词but。故选A项。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：贫穷的父母可能不会买雨伞。A.candles蜡烛；B.umbrellas雨伞；C.tickets票；D.houses房子。根据上文中的““Umbrellas!”hesaid.”可知，很多家庭贫困的家庭可能不会买“雨伞”。故选B项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和我的朋友们开始工作：我们发电子邮件，打电话给别人，在社交活动中谈