2022-2023学年江苏省无锡市第三高级中学高一年级上册期中试卷英语试题（解析版）

2022-2023学年第一学期高一英语期中试卷

第一卷（共95分）

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,

并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一

小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.HowmuchwastheTVsell?

A.$60.B.$120.C.$90.

2.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Tomwastalkingwiththepostman.

B.Tomwasrunningaroundthecorner.

C.Tomwashelpingthepostmanwithhiswork.

3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Buyafan.B.Useelectricity.C.Coolhimselfdown.

4.WhydidthebosscriticizeJoseph?

A.Hewaslateforwork.B.Hequarreledwiththemanspeaker.C.Hecriticizedthemanspeakertoo

seriously.

5.WhoisFiona?

A.Thewomanspeaker.B.Thompson?ssister.C.Daisy'ssister

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，

每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。

6.Whatwastheweatherlikelastweek?

A.Toowarm.B.Niceandsunny.C.Neitherhotnorcold.

7.Whatseasonisitnow?

A.Summer.B.Winter.C.Autumn.

8.Whatdoesthemanthinktheweatherwillbelikethisweekend?

A.Hethinksifllrain.B.Hethinksifllbecloudy.C.Hedoesn'tthinkitUlrain.

听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。

9.Whatcanweknowaboutthesinginggroup?

A.It'smadeupof15girls.

B.Itpracticesonceeveryotherweek.

C.Everymembercomesontimeforeachpractice.

10.Whatisthesinginggroupdoingthesedays?

A.Writinganewsong.B.Practicingeightsongs.C.Practicingforaschoolshow.

11.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewsong?

A.ItsnameisSundays.B.It'swrittenbyafamousmusician.C.It'swrittenbyasingerofthe

group.

听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。

12.Whatisthefatherreadingatthebeginningoftheconversation?

A.Anovel.B.Anewspaper.C.Amagazine.

13.Whatkindofbookdoesthegirlwanttoread?

A.Abookondolls.B.Abookaboutanimals.C.Abookaboutcandyandcookies.

14.Whatdoesthegirfsteachersayaboutreading?

A.Thegirlshouldreadbookseveryday.

B.Thegirlcanborrowbooksfromthelibrary.

C.Thegirlshouldreadatleasttenbooksanight.

听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。

15.Wherearetheyplanningtogointhemorning?

A.Toazoo.B.Toanartmuseum.C.lbtheseashore.

16.WhydoesthewomanwanttogoshoppingInstead?

A.Tobuysomeclothes.B.Tomeetherfriendthere.C.Tobuyagiftforherfriend.

17.Whataretheytalkingabout?

A.Acityguide.B.Ashoppingcenter.C.Atravelplan.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Howyoudecidewhattobuyinasupermarket.

B.Howasupermarketmakespeoplespendmore.

C.Whodecideshowmuchtospendinasupermarket.

19.Whydoesthefoodthateverybodymustbuyspreadalloverthestore?

A.Toprovideagoodservice.

B.Toleadcustomerstoallsectionsofthestore.

C.Tomakeiteasyforcustomerstolocatethefood.

20.Howmuchdopeoplespendaftertheyhavebeeninastorefor30minutes?

A.1,500centsintotal.B.40centseachminute.C.Fivedollarseachminute.

第二部分阅读理解50分（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分）

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在

答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

WELCOME

WelcometoWindsorCastle,theoldestandlargestoccupiedcastleintheworld.Windsorisoneoftheofficial

residences（住所）oftheQueen,whosometimesstayshere.

Audiotours

Freeaudiotoursareavailable（可用的）onleavingtheAdmissionCentreatthestartofyourvisit.Thereisa

descriptiveaudiotourforblindandpoor-sightedvisitors.

Guidedtours

VisitorscanexplorethehistoryoftheCastlethroughatourofthePrecinctswithanexpertguide.Toursdepartat

regularintervals（间隙）throughoutthedayfromtheCourtyardandfinishattheentrancetotheStateApartments.

Visitorswithchildren

Forthosevisitingwithchildren,aspecialfamilytourandvariousactivitiesareofferedduringschoolholidays

andatweekends.PleasenotepermitsintheStateApartments.However,babycarriersareavailabletoborrow.

StGeorge'sChapel

VisitorsarrivingattheCastleafter15:00fromMarchtoOctoberareadvisedtovisitStGeorge'sChapelfirst

beforeitcloses.

Shopping

ShopsofferawiderangeofsouvenirsdesignedfortheRoyalCollection,includingbooks,postcards,china,

jewellery,andchildren'stoys.PleaseaskattheMiddleWardshopaboutourhomedeliveryservice.

Refreshments（食物和饮料）

BottledwatercanbepurchasedfromtheCourtyardandMiddleWardshops.FromApriltoSeptembericecream

isalsoavailable,VisitorswishingtoleavetheCastleforrefreshmentsinthetownmaygetre-entrypermitsfromthe

castleshops.EatinganddrinkingarenotpermittedintheStateApartmentsorStGeorge'sChapel.

Photographyandmobilephones

Non-commercialphotographyandfilmingarewelcomedintheCastle.Photography,videorecordingand

filmingarenotpermittedinsidetheStateApartmentsorStGeorge'sChapel.Mobilephonemustbeswitchedoff

insidetheStateApartmentsandStGeorge'sChapelinconsiderationofothervisitors.

Security

AsWinterCastleisaworkingroyalpalace,visitorsandtheirbelongingsshouldgetthroughairportstylesecurity

checks.Forsafetyandsecurityreasons,aone-waysystemoperatesalongthevisitorroute.

1.Whatisspeciallyofferedtovisitorswithkids?

A.Asecurityguard.B.Ababycarrier.C.Afreetoy.D.Apushchair.

2.Whyarevisitorsrequiredtoturnofftheirmobilephones?

A.ToensurethesafetyoftheQueen.B.ToensurethesecurityoftheCastle.

C.Topreventthemfromdisturbingothers.D.Topreventtheuseofthebuilt-incameras.

3.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?

A.Astorybook.B.Adictionary.C.Atravelguide.D.Asciencereport.

【答案】LB2.C3.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述参观WinterCastle的一些事项的说明。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据Visitorswithchildren中的"However,babycarriersareavailabletoborrow」不过，你可以借

到婴儿背带。）”可知带孩子的游客可以借到婴儿背带。故选B。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Photographyandmobilephones中的MobilephonemustbeswitchedoffinsideIheState

ApartmentsandStGeorge'sChapelinconsiderationofothervisitors.（考虑到其他游客，国家公寓和圣乔治教堂

内的手机必须关闭。）”可知关掉手机是怕影响其他游客，故选C。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述参观WinterCastle的一些事项的说明，所以这篇文章最有可能摘自

旅游指南，故选C。

B

Physicaleducation,orPE,isn'trequiredforallhighschoolstudents.Insomeschools,itisn'tofferedforsome

differentreasons.Butshouldhighschoolstudentshavephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainly“yes”.

Todaymanypeopledon'tdosports.Butasisknowntoall.doingsportsisveryimportantforanadult.Teaching

teenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcanhelpteensputexerciseinthefirstplace

asanadult.

Highschoolisn5tthateasy.Manystudentsareunderalotofstress.Stresscanbeharmfultoastudent'sstudies

andlife.Doingsportscanhelpthemdealwithstressbetter,helpingthemliveahappierlifeatschool.

TheAmericanHeartAssociationsaysthat10millionkidsandteenssufferfromobesity（月巴胖）.Teensshouldget

60minutesofphysicalactivityperdaytocontroltheirweightandtohelptheirbonesgetstronger.Theincreasein

activitiesthatdon'tgetteenstomovearoundsuchascomputergames,meansmanyteensdon'tgettheirrequired

exercise.PEclassesactasapublichealthmeasure（措施）toencouragephysicalactivitiesandhelpteenshavehealthy

weights.

Notdoingsportsincreasesteens'hazardofdevelopingmanydiseases.Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayof

protectionfromthesehealthproblems.Asmuchas75percentofhealth-carespendinggoestowardtreatingmedical

conditionsthatcanbepreventedbylifestylechanges,accordingtotheAmericanCollegeofSportsMedicine.

AccordingtothePresident'sCouncilonFitness,SportsandNutrition（PCFSN）,studentswhoperformedfive

hoursofphysicalactivitieseachweekimprovedtheiracademic（学业的）performance.Studentsfromprogramswith

nophysicalactivity,whousedtheextratimeforclassroomstudy,didnotperformbetteronteststhanthosewhogave

upsomestudytimeinsupportofphysicaleducation.

4.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatdoesphysicaleducationinhighschoolmean?

A.Makingteensattachimportancetoexerciselater.

B.Removingthestressfacedbyteensatschool.

C.Gettingteenstoencourageadultstoexercise.

D.Helpingteenslearntomakegoodplans

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazard“inParagraph5mean?

A.Happiness.B.Risk.C.Safety.D.Sadness.

6.AccordingtothePCFSN,doingsport.

A.meansmakingstudentschoosebetweensportsandstudies

B.helpsstudentsmakegooduseofalltheirtime

C.meansstudentsadjusttotheirstudiesbetter

D.helpsstudentsdobetterintheirstudies

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Whyhighschoolstudentsshouldreceivephysicaleducation.

B.Whysomeschoolsconsiderphysicaleducationimportant.

C.Howschoolscanhelpstudentslovedoingsports.

D.Howhighschoolstudentscanliveabetterlife.

【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了为什么高中生应该接受体育教育。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Teachingteenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcan

helpteensputexerciseinthefirstplaceasanadult.（现在教导青少年健康生活方式的重要性，制定健身计划，

可以帮助青少年成年后，把锻炼放在首位）”可知，根据第二段，高中体育教育意味着让青少年重视以后的

锻炼。故选A。

【5题详解】

词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段"Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayofprotectionfromthesehealthproblems.（积

极的生活方式是预防这些健康问题的好方法）”可知，如果不运动会增加青少年患多种疾病的风险。因此

hazard意思是：危险，风险。故选B。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"Studentsfromprogramswithnophysicalactivity,whousedtheextratimefor

classroomstudy,didnotperformbetteronteststhanthosewhogaveupsomestudytimeinsupportofphysical

education.（不参加体育活动的学生，把额外的时间用于课堂学习，在考试中的表现并不比那些为了支持体

育而放弃一些学习时间的学生好。）”可推断出，PCFSN认为，做运动帮助学生在学习上做得更好。故选D。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。第一段uButshouldhighschoolstudentshavephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainlyt4yes,\（

是中学生应该接受体育教育吗?答案当然是肯定的）”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要

讲了为什么高中生应该接受体育教育。故选A。

C

Itseemsasifsocialmediaplatformshavetakenoverourlives.Accordingtoastudy,therewereover3.6billion

socialmediausersin2021.Andthatnumberisonlyexpectedtogrow.

Althoughsocialmediaplatformshavehelpedtokeepfriendsandfamilyconnected,thereisalsoadarksideto

socialmedia.Toputitsimply,itisamoneymakingmachine.Thisispartiallybecauseofsocialmediainfluencers.A

socialmediainfluencerissomeone“whocanshapeaudience'sattitudesthroughblogs,tweets,andtheuseofother

socialmedia^^.Youmaybeaskingyourself,“Whywouldtheywanttodothis,though?^^Theanswerissimple:to

makemoney.Socialmediainfluencersmakemoneybypromotingbrandsamongtheirfollowers.Infact,influencer

marketingissoprofitablethatthestudyreportedthattheindustryisexpectedtoreach$15billioninvaluein2022.

Socialmediainfluencersarenowbeingcalledoutbecausesomeoftheiractionshavestartedtonegatively

impacttheenvironment.Onemaninparticular,whogoesbyStevetoremainanonymous（匿名的）,noticedthatsome

onlineinfluencersfailedtofollowruleswhentheywenttonationalparksorpublicplaces.Thisincludedthingslike

leavinggarbagebehind,orusingdrones（无人机）totakepicturesfromthesky.

Becauseofthis,Stevemadeithismissiontostopsocialmediainfluencersfromhurtingtheenvironmentwith

theirbadbehaviorinordertogetthe"perfectshot”.In2018,hemadetheaccount“PublicLandsHateYou"toname

andshameinfluencerswhofailedtofollowtherulesmadetoprotecttheenvironment.Theaccountnowhasover85

thousandfollowers.

Hehopedthatitcouldhelpsomeinfluencersfindthelightandrighttheirwrongs.Stevesaid,“Ifeverybody

thoughtjustalittlebitmoreabouttheirsmallactionsandtheimpactthoseactionshaveontheenvironmentandthe

peoplearoundthem,Ithinkthatalotofourbiggerproblemswouldbemuchmoreeasilysolved.”

8.Whatfeatureofsocialmediainfluencersismainlyshowninparagraph2?

A.Goodcommunication.B.Chasingprofits.

C.Creativeshows.D.Volunteeringservice.

9.Howdoesthewriterpresenthisideainparagraph3?

A.Bygivingexamples.B.Byofferingdata.

CBymakingcomparisons.D.Byexplainingreasons.

10.Whywas“PublicLandsHateYou”made?

A.Towinwideattentionandattractmorefans.

B.Togettheinfluencersawareoftheirwrongdeeds.

C.Tomakepublicplacesinaccessibletoinfluencers.

D.Toinfonntheinfluencersoftheplacesforperfectshots.

11.WhatisimpliedfromSteve5swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Wellbegunishalfdone.B.Practicemakesperfect.

C.Everybitofeffortcounts.D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了社交媒体的阴暗面。社交媒体影响者通过在粉丝中推广品牌来赚钱。

社交媒体上的影响者现在被点名，因为他们的一些行为已经开始对环境产生负面影响。一位化名史蒂夫

（Steve）的匿名人士在2018年，他创建了一个名为“公共土地恨你”的账号，点名批评那些不遵守环境保护

规则的网红。他希望这能帮助一些有影响力的人找到光明，纠正他们的错误。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段"Socialmediainfluencersmakemoneybypromotingbrandsamongtheirfollowers.In

fact,influencermarketingissoprofitablethatthestudyreportedthattheindustryisexpectedtoreach$15billionin

valuein2022.”（虽然社交媒体平台有助于保持朋友和家人之间的联系，但社交媒体也有其阴暗面。简单地

说，它是一个赚钱的机器。这部分是因为社交媒体上的影响者。社交媒体影响者是指“可以通过博客、推特

和其他社交媒体的使用来影响受众态度的人"。你可能会问自己:“他们为什么要这么做呢?”答案很简单:赚钱。

社交媒体影响者通过在粉丝中推广品牌来赚钱。事实上，影响者营销非常有利可图，该研究报告称，该行

业的价值有望在2022年达到150亿美元。）可知，第二段主要展示了社交媒体影响者追逐利润的特点。故

选Bo

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段aSocialmediainfluencersarenowbeingcalledoutbecausesomeoftheiractionshave

startedtonegativelyimpacttheenvironment.Onemaninparticular,whogoesbyStevetoremainanonymous（匿名

的）,noticedthatsomeonlineinfluencersfailedtofollowruleswhentheywentlonationalparksorpublicplaces.

Thisincludedthingslikeleavinggarbagebehind,orusingdrones（无人机）totakepicturesfromthesky.”（社交媒

体上的影响者现在被点名，因为他们的一些行为已经开始对环境产生负面影响。尤其是一位化名史蒂夫

（Steve）的匿名人士,他注意到一些有影响力的网友在去国家公园或公共场所时不遵守规则。这包括留下垃圾,

或使用无人机从空中拍照。）可知，作者在第三段通过举例来提出他的观点。故选A。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段"In2018,hemadetheaccount"PublicLandsHateYou'tonameandshameinfluencers

whofailedtofollowtherulesmadetoprotecttheenvironment.Theaccountnowhasover85thousandfollowers.n

（2018年，他创建了一个名为“公共土地恨你”的账号，点名批评那些不遵守环境保护规则的网红。这个

账号现在有超过8.5万名粉丝。）可知，写“公共土地恨你”为了让那些有影响力的人意识到他们的错误行

为。故选B。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"Stevesaid,'Ifeverybodythoughtjustalittlebitmoreabouttheirsmallactionsand

theimpactthoseactionshaveontheenvironmentandthepeoplearoundthem,Ithinkthatalotofourbigger

problemswouldbemuchmoreeasilysolved.'"（他希望这能帮助一些有影响力的人找到光明，纠正他们的错

误。史蒂夫说:“如果每个人都多考虑一下自己的小行为，以及这些行为对环境和周围人的影响，我认为很多

更大的问题就会更容易解决。）可知，Steve在最后一段的话中暗示了每一点努力都很重要。故选C。

D

“Wearerunningoutofspaceandtheonlyplacestogotoareotherworlds....Spreadingoutmaybetheonlything

thatsavesusfromourselves.IamconvincedthathumansneedtoleaveEarth."Thesearethewordsofthefamous

scientistStephenHawking,spokenatasciencefestivalinNorwayin2017,ayearbeforehisdeath.

Hawkingwasnotaloneinthisview.Manyexpertsfeelthattheonlywayforhumanitytolastfarintothefuture

istocolonize（移民）otherplanets.Thatwayifanasteroid（小行星）,aterribledisease,nuclearwar,orsome

otherdisasterstrikesEarth,civilizationwouldstillhaveachance.Marsisoneoftheidealdestinations.NASA,

SpaceX,andMarsOneallhaveplanstosendhumansthere.''EitherwespreadEarthtootherplanets,orweriskgoing

extinct,SpaceXfounderElonMusksaidataconferencein2013.

ButnoteveryoneagreesthatcolonizingMarsoranyotherplanetissuchagreatplan.Themostcommon

argumentagainstgoingisthatifsjusttooexpensiveordangerous.Itwilltakehugeamountsofmoneyandother

resourcesjusttogetpeoplethere,letalonesetupaplaceforthemtolive.Ifsnotevenclearifhumanscouldsurvive

onMars.

MaybeallthetimeandmoneypeoplewouldpourintoaMarsmissionwouldbebetterspentonmoreurgent

projectshereonEarth,likedealingwithpovertyorclimatechange.Someexpertsarguethathandlingaproblemlike

anasteroidstrikeordiseaseoutbreakwhilestayinghereonEarthwouldbemucheasierandlessexpensivethan

survivingonanewplanet.

Inaddition,movingtoanewplanetcouldharmordestroyanythingthatalreadylivesthere.Humanvisitors

changeordamagetheMartianenvironment.Somefeelthafstoomuchofarisktotake.

12.WhatisStephenHawking'sviewaccordingtoparagraph1?

A.Theearthislikelytoblowup.

B.HumansareusingupnaturalresourcesonEarth.

C.Itisnecessarytospreadouttootherplanets.

D.Weshouldexploreourworldtosaveourselves.

13.WhyaremanyexpertsinfavorofleavingEarth?

A.Becausetherewillbeanuclearwarinthenearfuture.

B.BecausehumancanlivebetteronMars.

C.Becauseitisawayforearthcivilizationtolast.

D.Becauseitisawaytotestourspacetechnology.

14.WhichofthefollowingmaythosewhoareagainstcolonizingMarsagree?

A.ItiswisertodealwithproblemsonEarth.

B.Itiseasytostopadiseaseoutbreak.

C.HumanwillnotsurviveonMars.

D.ItisimpossibletosetupaplaceforpeopletoliveonMars.

15.Whatisthebesttitleofpassage?

A.LeavingEarthtoOtherPlanetsB.ShouldWeColonizeMars?

C.NewHomeonNewPlanetD.AMarMissionIsonTheWay

【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.B

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有些专家认为为了人类和人类文明的延续，人类应该离开地球，移

民去其他星球，尤其是去火星。而一些人认为这样的计划不仅昂贵而且危险，甚至还会破会火星的生态。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段的“"Wearerunningoutofspaceandtheonlyplacestogotoareotherworlds....Spreading

outmaybetheonlythingthatsavesusfromourselves.IamconvincedthathumansneedtoleaveEarth."Theseare

thewordsofthefamousscientistStephenHawking（"我们即将用尽空间，唯一可以去的地方是其他星球延

伸探索范围可能是自我拯救的唯一方法。我相信，人类需要离开地球”，这是著名的科学家史蒂芬•霍金的

话）”可知，霍金认为延伸探索其他星球是必要的。故选C项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Manyexpertsfeelthattheonlywayforhumanitytolastfarintothefutureisto

colonizeotherplanets.Thatway,ifanasteroid（小行星）,aterribledisease,nuclearwar,orsomeotherdisaster

strikesEarth,civilizationwouldstillhaveachance.（许多专家认为，人类要想在未来生存下去，唯一的办法就

是移民其他行星。用那种方式，如果一颗小行星，一种可怕的疾病，核战争，或其他一些灾难袭击地球，

文明仍然有机会。）”可知，许多专家支持离开地球是因为这是地球文明得以延续的一种方式。故选C项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的"Someexpertsarguethathandlingaproblemlikeanasteroidstrikeordisease

outbreakwhilestayinghereonEarthwouldbemucheasierandlessexpensivethansurvivingonanewplanet.（一

些专家认为，留在地球上处理像小行星撞击或爆发疾病这样的问题要比在新星球上生存要容易得多，也更

便宜得多）”可知，反对移民火星的人会同意处理地球上的问题更明智。故选A项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。文章第一段StephenHawking的话中uSpreadingoutmaybetheonlythingthatsavesusfrom

ourselves.（探索外界可能是拯救我们自身的唯一途径）”，引出话题，我们可能需要去其他星球来拯救我们自

己。文章第二段中"Manyexpertsfeelthattheonlywayforhumanitytolastfarintothefutureistocolonizeother

planets.（许多专家认为，人类要想在未来生存下去，唯一的办法就是移民其他行星）”表明很多专家支持移

民火星的计划。文章第三段中"ButnoteveryoneagreesthatcolonizingMarsoranyotherplanetissuchagreatplan.

（但并不是每个人都同意，向火星或其他任何行星移民是一个伟大的计划）”，紧接着分析了移民火星的代价

和危害，综合可知，整篇文章就是在讲我们要不要移民火星，选项B"ShouldWeColonizeMars?”我们应该

移民火星吗？符合要求，故选B项。

第二节（七选五）（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

“Ashipinharborissafe,butthatisnotwhatshipsarebuiltfbr,“saidJohnA.Shedd,anearly20thcenturyauthor.

Throughout9theCovid-19,we'veallbecomeusedtoassessingriskinnewways.We'vecometounderstand,though

wecannevergetridofriskaltogether,wehavegreatpowertomakechoicesbothlargeandsmalltoprotect

ourselves.16Itstopsusfromsteppingoutsideofourcomfortzonesandtryingnewthings.

Developmentalpsychologiststalkabout"positiverisks”—sociallyacceptablerisksthatourlivescanbenefit

from.17Butwhataboutthese,whodevelopintoadults?Researchershavefoundthathappinessforolder

adultsisbeingabletochoosehowtheyspendtheirtime,includingwaysthatareadventurous,newandeven-like

hikingorotheroutdooractivities-mildlyrisky.

Oneguidetopositiveriskmanagementlistswaysthatpeoplecanmakesuretheirrisksareontheusafensideof

riskrange.Forexample,toensureasuccessfulbikeride,youshouldinadvanceequipyourselfwithafully-charged

cellphoneandafullwaterbottle.18Orifyouare,concernedaboutyourphysicalcapacity,consulta

certifiedtrainerormedicalprofessionalbeforedeparture.

19Thismeansadaptingtochangingsituations.Inresponsetothedeadlyvirus,peoplechoosetostep

backintonormallifeonlyaftertheyarevaccinated.Inthisway,peoplecouldbeconfidentthattheriskistolerable.

Nobodywantstobeneedlesslyrisky.Butusingournewly-acquiredriskassessmenttools,wecanonceagain

learnandgrowinourlives.20

A.Takerisksinapositiveway.

B.Buttheself-protectivemindstatecarriesitsownrisk.

C.Overallhappinessisonebenefitofpositiverisk-taking.

D.Remembertotelloneofyourfriendsorfamilyyourdestination.

E.Besidestakingpreventivesteps,flexiblethinkingisalsoencouraged.

F.Likeashipsailingawayfromitsharbor,thatiswhatwewerebuilttodo.

GForteenagers,thismeansriskslikerunningformonitorortryingoutforateam.

【答案】16.B17.G18.D19.E20.F

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇主要讲述了作者认为尽管要保护自己，但也要进行适当积极冒险，尝试

新事物的想法，并给出了积极冒险的定义、措施。

【16题详解】

根据上文“"Ashipinharborissafe,butthatisnotwhatshipsarebuiltfor,vsaidJohnA.Shedd,anearly20thcentury

author.Throughout'theCovid-19,we'veallbecomeusedtoassessingriskinnewways.We'vecometounderstand,

thoughwecannevergetridofriskaltogether,wehavegreatpowertomakechoicesbothlargeandsmalltoprotect

ourse1ves.（“停泊在港口的船是安全的，但那不是造船的目的，”20世纪初的作家JohnA.Shedd说。在整个

Covid-19疫情期间，我们都习惯于以新的方式评估风险。我们己经认识到，尽管我们永远无法完全摆脱风

险，但我们有强大的能力做出大大小小的选择来保护自己）”以及后文"ItStopsusfromsteppingoutsideofour

comfortzonesandtryingnewthings.（它阻止我们走出舒适区，尝试新事物）“可知，前面讲述了因为疫情我们

都变得习惯用新方式评估风险，我们开始意识到我们有很大的能力进行大大小小的选择来保护自己，而空

格后却表明这阻止我们迈出舒适圈和尝试新事物可知，选B才能符合前后的转折，it指代B中的自我保护

的心态，但是自我保护的心态也有自己的风险。故B选项“但是自我保护的精神状态也有它自己的风险”

符合语境，故选B。

【17题详解】

根据上文aDevelopmentalpsychologiststalkabout''positiverisks''—sociallyacceptablerisksthatourlivescan

benefitfrom.（发展心理学家谈论“积极风险”一一社会可接受的风险，我们的生活可以从中受益）”以及后文

“Butwhataboutthese,whodevelopintoadults?Researchershavefoundthathappinessforolderadultsisbeing

abletochoosehowtheyspendtheirlime,includingwaysthatareadventurous,newandeven-likehikingorother

outdooractivities—mildlyrisky.（但是那些成长为成年人的人呢？研究人员发现，老年人的幸福在于能够选择

如何度过他们的时间，包括冒险的、新的甚至是风险较小的徒步旅行或其他户外活动）”可知，上文表明发

展心理学家讲述了积极风险的定义，空格后却表示但已经长大成人的大人呢。由此可知，所填句子应该是

承接前一句讲述青少年（发展心理学本身的主要内容就是儿童期，包括青少年的心理发展），因此选G,对

于青少年这意味着像竞选班长、报名参加一个团体这样的风险，this指代前面的positiverisks,然后空格后

再转折讲述成年人的幸福也包括冒险•故G选项“对青少年来说，这意味着要冒竞选班长或参加团队的风

险”符合语境，故选G。

【18题详解】

根据上文uOneguidetopositiveriskmanagementlistswaysthatpeoplecanmakesuretheirrisksareonthe"safe"

sideofriskrange.Forexample,toensureasuccessfulbikeride,youshouldinadvanceequipyourselfwitha

fully-chargedcellphoneandafullwaterbottle.（一份积极风险管理指南列出了人们可以确保他们的风险处于风

险范围的“安全”一侧的方法。例如，为了确保骑行成功，你应该提前准备好一个充满电的手机和一个装

满水的水瓶）”可知，此处应该继续描述为了顺利完成自行车骑行而采取的措施，故D选项“记得告诉你的

朋友或家人你的目的地”符合语境，故选D。

【19题详解】

根据后文“Thismeansadaptingtochangingsituations.Inresponsetothedeadlyvirus,peoplechoosetostepback

intonormallifeonlyaftertheyarevaccinated.Inthisway,peoplecouldbeconfidentthattheriskistolerable.（这意

味着要适应不断变化的情况。为了应对这一致命病毒，人们只有在接种疫苗后才选择回到正常生活。这样，

人们就可以相信风险是可以承受的）”可知，根据空格后表示这表明适应变化的情形。后面举例表明，面对

致死的病毒，人们选择在接种疫苗后回到日常生活可知，这里选E才符合后文，this指代E中的flexible

thinking,除了采取预防措施，灵活变通的想法也值得提倡。故E选项“除了采取预防措施外，还鼓励灵活

思考”符合语境，故选E。

【20题详解】

根据上文uNobodywantstobeneedlesslyrisky.Butusingournewly-acquiredriskassessmenttools,wecanonce

againlearnandgrowinourlives.（没有人愿意冒不必要的风险。但使用我们新获得的风险评估工具，我们可以

再次在生活中学习和成长）”可知，文章开头就用船比喻人，表明尽管在港口的船是安全的，但那不是造船

的目的，来鼓励人们进行适当的冒险。在中间讲述了适当冒险的好处，定义和相应措施后，最后一段选F

最合适，既符合该段落再次倡导使用新的风险评估工具，也符合前文对积极冒险的倡议，就像离开港口的

船一样，我们的人生也该那样（合理冒险）。故F选项“就像一艘驶离港湾的船，这就是我们的使命”符合

语境，故选F。

第三部分语言知识运用（50分）

第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在

答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ShetaraSimsofMissourihasneverforgottenthekindnesstheKansasCityPoliceshowedherafteroneofher

daughterswasmurderedin2012.Shesaidthedepartmentsupportedherevery21oftheway,sending

detectivestocheckonherfamilyandactinglike"doctors,fathers,andlifelinesallinone.^^

Asasinglem