吉林省辽源市西安区2023年考研《英语一》统考试题含解析

吉林省辽源市西安区2023年考研《英语一》统考试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)WhenIthinkaboutwhatmyheromeanstome,Irealizethatmostofmyspecialmemoriesandfeelingstowardmyherocomefromthelittlethingshedoeseveryday.Myheroisnotacelebrityorsucharecognizableface.Myheroisnotanationalherooramulti–millionaire.Hehasneversavedmefromaburningcastleoranavalanche（雪崩）,buthedoes1meandtellmetohaveagoodday.Heisjustan2,quietman,whomIhonor.Mydadismyherobecauseheisbrave,skilled,and3.Iknowmanypeoplesaytheirdadsaretheirheroes,butmydadteachesmeaboutbecomingaman,whichisextremelyimportantforayoungboy.Respectgoesalongwaywithmydad,asdoespatience.Asa(n)4,mydadmustdealwithpeopleeveryday,someofwhomareniceandsomearenot.Eitherway,he5hiswell-manneredattitude.Dadisnotafraidofmanythings,orifheis,hedoesn’ttellme6hewantstoseemtough.Hemaynotbeabigguybutsinceheworkswithhis7allday,heisverystrong.Dadworksoutdoorsinallkindsof8buttheworstthinghehastodois9upandworkinanattic(顶楼)inthemiddleofthesummer.Trustme,thisisthe10placeyouwillexperienceasanelectricianandwhenyoucomeback11,whatisinyourlungswillmakeyou12forhours.MydadandIhaveaverygood13.Wetalkaboutalmosteverything.Wegohunting,fishing,andeverythingadadandsonwoulddo.MydadandIenjoy14mostbecauseitgivesustimeoutdoorstogetherandthereisnothinglikethat.Hehas15andtaughtmeeverythingIneedtoknowabout16.Iam17tobethesonofMikeC．,andwouldnothaveitanyotherway.Peoplecomeuptomeallthetimeto18meIhaveagooddad.Itmakesmefeel19thatalotofpeoplethinkso20ofhim.Heisagoodteacherofmylifeandwoulddoanythingforme.Thisiswhymyfatherismyhero.1、A．ignoreB．hugC．followD．remind2、A．ableB．averageC．allergicD．active3、A．specialB．enthusiasticC．respectfulD．strict4、A．teacherB．officerC．electricianD．engineer5、A．offersB．makesC．HidesD．keeps6、A．howB．unlessC．untilD．because7、A．HandsB．mouthC．brainD．legs8、A．subjectsB．aspectsC．conditionsD．destinations9、A．climbB．lookC．getD．stand10、A．coldestB．highestC．bestD．hottest11、A．downB．overC．insideD．through12、A．restB．coughC．hesitateD．sleep13、A．relationshipB．dreamC．adventureD．habit14、A．writingB．performingC．hikingD．eating15、A．shownB．boughtC．fetchedD．paid16、A．familyB．natureC．studyD．trouble17、A．excitedB．eagerC．surprisedD．proud18、A．askB．warnC．tellD．promise19、A．surprisedB．goodC．nervousD．anxious20、A．easilyB．seriouslyC．speciallyD．highlySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1BusToursinWashingtonDCTheBlossomsTourInWashingtonDCDuration:3hours$56.99BESTWAYtoExperiencetheCherryBlossoms!EachyearfrommidMarchtomidApril,seethebeautifulCherryBlossomsinWashingtonDCandgetgreatphotosbecauseyou’llbeledtoallthebestspotsbythebestguides.TheannualspringbloominDCisamagicaltimeandthistourpromisestoprovidetheverybesttouropportunityforyou!TheLightsNightTourinWashingtonDCDuration:3hours$56.33Highest-ratedNightTourinDC!TheONLYDCNightTourwheretheTourGuidesHOPOFFwithyouateachstopandtellyouabouteachmonumentandattracton.HOPaboardtheTheLightsNightTour!ThebesttimetotakeatourofWashingtonDCisatnight.TheBestMinibusTourinWashingtonDCDuration:3hours$46.92SeeallthekeyatractionsDChastoofferina3-hourformat.Youwilllearnallaboutthehistoryandtrivia(琐事)thatsurroundsWashingtonandvisitthemajormonumentsandattractionsDChastooffer.PleaseNote:Ratesforthistourvarybydayoftheweek.Whenyouchooseyourspecificdateontheavailabilitycalendar,theratesforthatdatewillbedisplayed.BestMountVernon&ArlingtonCemeteryTourfromWashingtonDCDuration:6hours$78.96SeeArlingtonCemetery,OldTownAlexandriaandGeorgeWashington’sMountVernonEstateonthissmallgroupbustourfromWashingtonDC．YourtourguidewillaccompanyyouthroughMountVernon,tellingyouaboutalloftheatractionsthereandthehistoryofGeorgeWashington’shomeonthePotomacRiver.1、WhichdatesuitsTheBlossomsTourmost?A．July4. B．August15.C．March27. D．October8.2、WhatisspecialaboutTheBestMinibusTour?A．Itspriceisnotfixed. B．Thebesttimetotakeitisatnight.C．Thetourguideaccompaniesyou. D．Youcangetgreatphotosofcherry.3、WhichtourwouldofferyouachancetolearnaboutGeorgeWashington’shome?A．TheBlossomsTour. B．TheLightsNightTour.C．TbeBestMinibusTour. D．BestMountVermon&ArlingtonCemeteryTour.Text2Expertssaythatiffoodwereacountry,itwouldranksecondbehindtheUSasoneofthebiggestgreenhousegaspolluters.Thereasonistherisingdemandformeat.Animalfarmingisresponsiblefor14.5percentofglobalgreenhousegasmethane(甲烷)emissions(排放).Whilecowsaretheworsecontributors,pigs,sheep,donkeysandotheranimalsplayapartaswell.Animalagriculturealsocauseslandtobecomedamaged,watertobepollutedandforeststogetdestroyed.Withtheworldpopulationforecasttoriseto9.8billionby2050,thingsareonlylookingworseforouralreadydecreasingnaturalresources,Whilegoingvegetarian(素食的)wouldhelpmeatconsumptiontoodeep-rootedinmostwesterndietstoallowforsuchasharp,permanentchange.Thatiswhyexpertsareadvocatingsubstitutingsomeofthebeef,chicken,orporkwithordinaryinsects！Insects,whichgrowintoadultswithinamatterofmonths,ifnotweeks,arereadyforconsumptionmuchfasterthandomestic(驯养的)animals.Theyalsorequiremuchlessroom，uselesswaterandfood,andproducefarlessgreenhousegasthananimalsOfthe1.1millioninsectspeciesworldwide,scientistshaveidentified1.700aseatable.Amongthemareants,grasshoppers,grubs,andearthworms.Justlikeanimals,eachinsecthasadifferenttaste.Treewormstastejustlikepork,andgrubsaresimilartosmokedmeatWhileeatinginsectsmightbeanewconceptforWesternpeople,over2billionpeopleworldwideconsumeinsectsasaregularpartoftheirdiet.Besidesbeingdelicious,insectsarehighinprotein,haveveryfewcalories,andarefreeofthesaturated(饱和)atfoundinanimalmeat.Insectscanbepreparedinmanyways.Creativecookscanusethemtocookprotein-richsoupmakebakedtreats,andevenfryafewwithvegetables.Soeatinsects-bothyourbodyandMotherEarthwillthankyouforit！1、Whichofthefollowinganimalsareresponsibleforthemostglobalmethaneemissions?A．Cows B．Pigs C．Sheep D．Donkeys2、Howisthethirdparagraphmainlydeveloped？A．Byaskingquestions B．Byprovidingexamples.C．Bylistingthenumbers D．Bymakingcomparisons.3、Whatdotreewormstastelike?A．Pigmeat B．Tomatosoup. C．Freshvegetables. D．Friedchicken.4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Fewpeopleeatinsectsregularly. B．Ordinaryinsectsarehighinfat.C．Saturatedfatisharmfultohealth. D．InsectscontainvariousvitaminsText3AwomanfromAustraliahasfoundtheworld’soldestknownmessageinabottlenearly132yearsafteritwascastintothesea.TonyaIllmandiscoveredthedrift(漂流)bottlehalf-buriedinthesandonabeachinWesternAustralia,180kilometersnorthofthestatecapitalPerth.Themessage,dated12June1886,wasthrownintotheIndianOceanfromtheGermanshipPaula,whichwasenroutefromCardiff,Wales,toitsdestinationofDutchEastIndies(nowIndonesia).Thebottlewasoneofthethousandsthrownintooceansaspartofa69-year-longGermanexperimentonglobalcurrents(洋流)tofindfastershippingroutes.Untilnow,thepreviousworldrecordfortheoldestmessageinabottlewas108years,4monthsand18daysfromthetimeitwascastuntilitsdiscovery.Illmanfoundthebottlenearherson’scarinthebeach’ssoftsand.“IwaswalkingacrosswhenIsawsomethingstickingoutofthesand,soIwenttotakeacloserlook,”Illmanwasquotedassaying.“Itjustlookedlikealovelyoldbottle,soIpickeditupthinkingitmightlookgoodinmybookcase.Myson’sgirlfriendwastheonewhodiscoveredthenotewhenshewenttotipthesandout.“Thenotewasdamp,rolledtightlyandtiedwithastring.Wetookithomeanddrieditout,andwhenweopenedit,wesawitwasinGerman,withveryfaintGermanhandwritingonit.”TheIllmanstooktheirfindtothelocalmuseumwhichestablishedthatthebottlewasa19thCenturyDutchginbottle,andtheGermanshipPaulasailedfromCardifftoMakassar(Indonesia)in1886.1、Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewly-foundbottle?A．ItwasthrownoverboardnearGermany.B．Itwasbroughttoauniversityforconsultation.C．Itwasoneofthebottlescastintotheoceanin1886.D．Itwasusedforsendingamessagetotoday’sIndonesia.2、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“enroute”inParagraph3mean?A．Ontheway.B．Offthecourse.C．Inthecenter.D．Attheend.3、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．19thCenturyDutchGinBottleReturnedtoGermanyB．OldestMessageinaBottleFoundonAustralianBeachC．GermanShipPaulaSailedAcrosstheIndianOceanin1886D．69-year-longGermanExperimentonGlobalCurrentsEndedText4Here’sanideawhosetimehascome:Aflushotthatdoesn’trequireanactualshot.Forthefirsttime,researchershavetestedafluvaccinepatch(疫苗贴)inahumanclinicaltrialandfoundthatitdeliveredasmuchprotectionasatraditionalinjectionwithaneedle.Doctorsandpublichealthexpertshavehighhopesthatitwillincreasethenumberofpeoplewhogetimmunized(免疫的)againsttheflu.SeasonalfluisresponsibleforuptohalfamilliondeathsaroundtheworldeachyearaccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.AteamledbyGeorgiaTechengineerMarkPrausnitzhascomeupwithanothermethodthatuses“microneedles”.Thesetinyneedlesaresosmallthat100ofthem,arrangedinorderonapatch,canfitunderyourthumb.Yetthey’rebigenoughtoholdvaccineforthreetypesofflu.Noneofthestudyvolunteershadserioussideeffects.Thegroupsthatgotpatcheshadmildskinreactionsthatwerenotseenintheregularneedlegroup,whilethevolunteersintheregularneedlegroupweremorelikelytoexperiencepain.Overall,70percentofthevolunteerswhogotvaccinepatchessaidthey’dratherusethemagainthangetatraditionalflushot.Thestudyauthorsdeclareditasuccessonallfronts.Thebiggestbeneficiariescouldbepeopleinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries,wherefluvaccinesarehardtocomeby.Reducingpainisnice,butotherbenefits—thepatchcostsless，iseasiertotransport,doesn’trequirerefrigeration,canbeself-administeredanddoesn’tcausewasteofneedles-areevenbetter.“MicroneedlePatcheshavethepotentialtobecomeidealcandidatesforvaccinationprograms,”wroteKatjaHoschlerandMariaZambonofPublicHealthEngland.1、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Avaccinepatchthatcurespeopleoftheirflu.B．Aclinicalstudythatprotectspeoplefromdisease.C．Apatchthatmakesflushotsathingofthepast.D．Amethodthatmakestraditionalflushotspainless.2、Whatdoweknowaboutthevaccinepatch?A．ItisproducedbytheWHO.B．Itcausesslightsideeffects.C．Itdeliversvaccinetothelittlefinger.D．Itworksbadlyon30%ofthevolunteers.3、Thenewpatchhasallthefollowingbenefitsexceptthat________.A．itisprovidedfreeofchargeB．itcanbeusedwithoutadoctorC．itcanhekeptatroomtemperatureD．itneedslesscareintransportation4、WhatisKaijaandMaria’sattitudetowardsthenewshot?A．Cautious. B．Favorable.C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Mostpeoplenowadaysare1．busywiththeirlivesthattheydonothavetimetoenjoyahealthyand2．(balance)dietFormostindividuals,as3．resultofeatingfoodsrichinfatsandsugarseveralyears,theychoose4．(go)onadietbutdonotsucceedattheendBesuretobewithastrongawareness(意识)thatyouare5．youeat!Therefore,maintainingahealthydietnotonly6．(provide)yourbodywithenergybutalsonumeroushealthbenefitsOneisthatyouwillkeepahealthyweightandisalsotheeasiestandmost7．(benefit)wayinwhichyoucanbeenergeticandprotectyourself8．anumberofdiseaseswhen9．(grow)oldAnotherbenefitisthatyouwillmeetyoureverydaynutritionalrequirements(要求)Basicallyspeaking,youshouldensurethatyoutakegoodamountofvegetables,grains,milkandproteinsInmostcases,ahealthydietcanhelpyoudecreasetheriskof10．(get)somediseaseslikediabetesandcancerWhyDoesRainSmellSoGood?Doyoulovethesmellofrain?Ifso,you’renotalone1．(actual),somescientistsbelievethatpeoplegottheirloveforthesmellofrainfrom2．(ancestor),whoreliedonwetweatherfortheirsurvivalButwhatmakesrainsmellsonice?ThereareseveralsmellsassociatedwithrainfallthatpeoplefindpleasingOneofthesesmells3．(call)“petrichor（尘土的味道）”Petrichor,atermcreatedin1964bytwoAustralianscientistsstudyingthesmellsof4．(rain)weather,comesfromsomechemicalreactionsDuringdryperiodssomeplantsproduceoils,andwhenitrains,theseoilsgointotheairAnotherreactionoccurswhenchemicals5．(produce)bysomebacteriaaresentoutAllofthesechemicalscombinetocreatethepleasantpertichorsmellwhenrainhits6．groundAnothersmellassociatedwithrainisozone（臭氧）Duringathunderstorm,lightningcansplitoxygenandanothergadand7．(it)inturncancombineintoanewsubstanceThissubstancereactswithotherchemicalstoformozone,8．hasasharpsmellWhensomeonesayshecansmellraincoming,itmaybethatwindfroman9．(approach)stormhascarriedozonedownfromthecloudsand10．theman’snoseSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Researchersdefineself-controlorself-disciplineas“abilitytocontrolorchangeone’sinnerresponses”．1、However，somepeoplethinkthatasanimmediateconsequenceofleadinglivesofconstantself-control，theyaren’tlikelytogainalotofpleasurefromlife．2、Tostart，414adultscompletedononlinesurvey．Inthesurvey，theyratedthetheirself-controlbyindicatinghowmuchtheyagreedwith14statements，suchas“Iindeeddocertainthingsthatarebadforme，iftheyarefun．”Intheirstudy，205adultsweregivensmartphonesandrequiredtoreporttheiremotionsatrandommomentsthroughouttheweek．3、Ifso，theyhadtoreporthowhardtheytriedtoresistthem，andwhethertheyeventuallyendedupactingonthem．Theresearchersfoundthatthemoreself-controlpeoplehad，themoresatisfiedtheywerewiththeirlivesinthelongrun．4、Infact，suchpeople’sincreasedhappinesstoalargeextentaccountedfortheincreasedlifesatisfaction．Theseresearchersalsofiguredoutthatpeoplehighinself-controlaresimplylesslikelytofindthemselvesinsituationswherethat’sevenanissue．Theydon’twastetimefightinginnerbattlesoverwhetherornottoeatasecondpieceofcake．5、Andthat，itwouldseem，makesthemhappier……evenifoccasionallyalittlebitsad．A．Inaword，theyarenotbotheredaboutsuchlittledesires．B．Researcherscheckedthesegeneralideasthroughasurveyandstudy．C．Itisgenerallybelievedthatinthelongrunself-controlcanmakepeoplehappier．D．Meanwhile，theywerealsoaskedtoreportwhethertheywereexperiencinganydesires．E．However，peoplewithmoreself-controlwerealsomorelikelytobehappyintheshortrun．F．Buttheyarestilluncertainwhysomepeoplearemoreabletocontroltheirinnerresponses．G．Mostadultsreportedtheyfailedtocontroltheirdesiretoplayvideogamesbeforeanexam．Childrenwhohavedevelopedleadershipskillsaresuretohaveabrightfuture.1、Notonlywilltheygainmoreself-esteemandinteractmoreeasilywiththeirpeers,theycanalsomakeanimpactontheircommunity.Thesequalitieswillcontinuetodevelopaschildrengrowup.Herearesimpletechniquestodevelopchildren’sleadershipqualities.Discusspeerpressure.Childrenareoftenexposedtopeerpressureandworryabouthowothersviewthem.2、Leadershipreq