Unit 2 词汇讲解-2022-2023学年高中英语课堂同步精美课件（人教版2019）（必修第三册）

WordsandExpressionsUnit2MoralsandVirtues11.moraladj.道德的;道义上的n.品行;道德;寓意

morallyadv.道德上;有道德地;确实地immoraladj.不道德的;邪恶的

moraldilemma道德困境Otherssawthemaspoliticallycorrectandmorallyappropriate.其他人则认为它们在政治上是正确的，在道德上是恰当的。There’snothingimmoralaboutwantingtoearnmoremoney.想多赚点钱没什么不道德。

Shedescribesherownmoraldilemmainmakingthefilm.她描述了自己拍摄这部电影时面临的道德困境。1inadilemma进退两难;左右为难placesbinadilemma使某人处于进退两难的境地例：Theytrytofindawayoutoftheir

dilemma.他们试图摆脱困境。Weareinadilemmaofwhethertomoveornot.搬家还是不搬，我们左右为难。2.dilemman.困境;进退两难的境地apreciousgift珍贵的礼物apreciousmoment/memory珍贵的时刻/记忆3.preciousadj.

珍稀的；宝贵的/ˈpreʃəs/e.g.Herfamily’ssupportisparticularlyprecioustoJosie.家人的支持对乔茜尤为珍贵。Icouldn’tbeartomissonepreciousmomentofherpresencebyleavingtheclassroom.有她在教室，一时一刻都很宝贵，我舍不得出去。1carryhimthroughthehardships帮助他渡过难关有关“carry”的高频搭配：carryout实施；履行；执行carryon继续；参与carrythroughsth成功完成，顺利实现❶Herencouragementandsupporthelpedcarrymethrough.她的鼓励和支持帮助我渡过了难关。❷Sheneededaclearheadtocarryoutherinstructions.她需要一个清醒的头脑来执行命令。4.carrysbthroughsth帮助某人渡过难关5.marriagen.结婚；婚姻归纳拓展：marryv.(和某人)结婚；娶；嫁marrysbmarriedadj.已婚的；结婚的bemarried(tosb)（与……结婚）【表状态】getmarried(tosb)(与……结婚）【表动作】单句语法填空：It’sbeendoneforathletesduringbigeventsandforwomenwhoaregetting_________(marry).married例：Manypeoplehaveunrealexpectationsofwhatmarriagewillbelike.许多人对婚姻生活抱有不切实际的憧憬。(1)themajorityof...大多数…(谓语动词的单复数取决于介词of后的名词）例句：Themajorityofpeoplearoundherearedecentpeople.这儿的大多数人都是正派人。(2)major

adj.主要的，重要的，大的n.专业vi.主修majorin主修……例句：他的专业是物理。

反义词：minorityn.少数

minoradj.次要的；较少的；轻微的6.majorityn.大部分；大多数Hismajorisphysics.Hemajorsinphysics.The________(major)ofthepeopleinthatregionhavebeenaffectedbysevereflood.Anagreement(协议)seemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembers________(be)againstit.ThecountryiswhereLenovoderives45percentofitsrevenueand_____________(大多数)thecitizensliveintents.ShouldItransfertoanothercollege,or_________(主修)English?单句语法填空/完成句子majorityarethemajorityofmajorin7.complainvi.&vt.

抱怨；发牢骚(1)complainabout…抱怨……complain(tosb.)that+句子

(向某人)抱怨……complaintosb.aboutsth.

向某人抱怨某事(2)complaintn.抱怨makeacomplainttosb.aboutsth.向某人抱怨某事❶Peoplecomplainabouthowchildrenspendsomuchtimeoncomputergames.人们抱怨孩子怎么花那么多时间玩电脑游戏。❷Peoplealwayscomplainthatthebigbanksareunfriendlyandunhelpful.

人们总抱怨大银行不友好，也不愿帮助人。❸Shecomplained

tome

abouthisrudebehaviour.她向我抱怨他的粗鲁行为。词性变化积累v．＋-t→n.complain抱怨→complaint抱怨weigh称重→weight重量join连接→joint接头单句语法填空/完成句子1.Lotsofpeoplehavecomplained________thenoise.2.Iftheservicewassobadwhydidn’tyoucomplain______themanager?3.I’vemadea__________(complain)tothepoliceaboutthenoise.4.She____________________(向我抱怨说)noonecouldtellherthefeatureofthehouse.5.Weshouldthinkabouthowtodealwiththeproblemsinsteadof________________________________________________(抱怨别人的错误).abouttocomplaintcomplainedtomethatcomplaining/makingacomplaintaboutothers’mistakes8.respond

vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应respondtosb/sth

回答，回复；对……做出反应例：Theteacherwaswillingtorespond

to

thequestions

thatstudentputforward.老师很乐意回答那个学生提出的问题。Likeanyotherpublicservants,policemustrespondto

thepublicdemand.像其他任何公务员一样，警察必须对公众要求作出反应。词语积累：responsen．反应；回答；回复inresponseto作为对……的答复/反应makearesponse(to...)(对……)做出回应/反应Afterall,knowingbasicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquickly________emergencies.Heknockedonthedoorbuttherewasno________(respond).Thegovernmentisdue________(make)itsformalresponsetothecommission’sproposalsintwomonths.Beckham’sspokesmantoldtheBBChehadnocommenttomake_______response.单句语法填空/完成句子toresponsetomakeinrejectsb.拒绝接受某人rejectone’sidea/suggestion/plan拒绝接受某人的想法/建议/计划rejectaproposal/decision/anargument拒绝接受一个提议/决定/论点❶Hewantedtojointhearmybutwasrejectedbecauseofhispoorhealth.他想参军，但因身体欠佳未被录用。❷Thegovernmentisexpectednotto

rejectthesuggestionthatpeopleshouldspendmoremoneyonthedevelopmentofeconomy.预期该政府不会拒绝接受人们应该花更多钱在发展经济的这条建议。

9.reject

vt.拒绝接受；不录用

词语积累：rejectionn．拒绝接受；否决词语辨析：reject与refuse(1)rejectvt.正式用词，“摒弃，不采用，不使用”，不可接不定式作宾语。(2)refusevi.&vt.普通用词，“拒绝”，可接不定式作宾语。单句语法填空/完成句子/辨析填空(reject/refuse)①He__________(reject)fromthefactorybecauseoflaziness.②Althoughwritinga________(reject)lettercanbedifficult,therearesituationswhereit’sabsolutelynecessary.④Iabsolutely________(refuse/reject)totakepartinanythingthat’sillegal.wasrejectedrejectionrefuse10.tend

vt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于tend(to)sb./sth.照料/护理某人；照管某物tendtodosth.易于做某事，往往会发生某事❶Shetended(to)herhusbandcarefullyduringhisillness.她丈夫生病期间，她无微不至地照顾他。❷Peopletendtogetfatwhentheygrowolder.人们年纪大时往往会发胖。词语积累：tendencyn．趋势；倾向atendencytodosth.做某事的倾向Thereisagrowingtendencytoregardmoneymorehighlythanqualityoflife.越来越多的人倾向于把金钱看得重于生活质量。①Whatdopeopletend________(do)whileengaginginaconversation?②Ihaveatendency________(talk)toomuchwhennervous.③Smallfirms____________(往往需要)peoplewhoarepreparedtotakerisksandworkundertheirtheiroeninitiative.④Thedoctorsandnursesinthishospitalarecareful________________(照顾病人).单句语法填空/完成句子todototalktendtoneedtotend(to)patients11.publishvt.发表（作品）；出版Britishschoolsarenowrequiredbylawtopublishtheirexaminationresults.

现在的英国学校得按法律公布考试结果。Foronething,thepricestheypublisharenotalwaystheonestheyarepaid.一方面，他们发行的价格并不总是成本价。12.retire

vi.&vt.退休；退职；(因伤)退出(比赛等)retirefrom...从……退休retireas...从……职位上退休retirefromoffice/service退职/退役e.g.Somepeoplefeellonelyafterretiringfromtheirpostbecausetheirpreviousworkcontactsmaybeallgone.有些人退休后感到孤独，因为他们以前工作中的熟人可能都不再联系了。Hewasforcedtoretirebecauseofhisbadhealth.由于健康不佳，他不得不退休。词语积累：retiredadj.退休的，退职的aretiredteacher一位退休教师retirementn．退休，退职takeearlyretirement提前退休单句语法填空/完成句子①HasitbeenannouncedthatDavidBeckhamistoretire________footballattheendofthisseason?②Weallwishyoualongandhappy_________(retire).③Theotherdaya________(retire)couplecametomyoffice.④Hedecidedtoretirefromtheworldafterhisbusylife______anactor.⑤Myfather____________(从……退休)thearmythreeyearsago.retiredasretiredfrominprinciple原则上；大体上sticktotheprinciples坚持原则❶Iagreewithit

inprinciple,butIdoubtifitwillhappeninpractice.原则上，我是同意它的，但我怀疑在实践中它是否会发生。❷Idon’tthinkthetwomachinesworkonthesameprinciple.我认为这两台机器的工作原理不一样。➌Themostimportantthingistosticktotheprincipleintacklingthechallengefacingbythewholeinternationalcommunity.最重要的一点就是要坚持原则，应对当前国际社会共同面临的挑战。13.principlen．道德原则；法则；原则14.scared

adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的bescaredofsth.害怕某物bescaredofdoingsth.害怕做某事bescaredtodosth.害怕做某事bescaredthat...害怕……Afterthathebecameveryscaredofspiders.从那以后，他变得非常害怕蜘蛛。Theyaretooexhausted,andtooscaredoffailing.他们太累了，也太害怕失败了。

IwassoscaredthatIdidn’tknowwhattodo?我非常害怕，以至于不知如何是好。Iwasscared(=veryworried)(that)youmightnotbethere.我怕你不在那儿。词语积累：(1)scarevt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓n.惊吓Itscaressb.todosth.做某事使某人感到害怕。scare...away/off吓走/吓跑… scaresb.intodoingsth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事scaresb.todeath把某人吓得要死(2)scaryadj.恐怖的，吓人的 ascarymovie恐怖电影①Whenwearegettingexcited,angryor_______(scare),ourbodiesalsogothroughmanyphysicalchanges.②Theatmospherewas_______andwefelt________stayingintheroom.(scare)③Wewereallscared_______(go)tothecemetery.④Thelackofhardscienceisenough_________________(吓跑)myfriend.⑤Shewas__________________(害怕进入)theyardbecauseshewas__________________(害怕被咬)bythebigdoglyingatthegate.scaredscaryscaredtogotoscareoff/awayscaredtoenterscaredofbeingbittenasharpdropintheprices价格________asharpknife一把_______刀asharpcontrast_______对比sharpeyes______视力15.sharp

adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的暴跌锋利的鲜明的明锐的ansharpincrease

归纳拓展：asharptongue说话刻薄

besharpwith对……说话刻薄

asharpsenseofhumour很强的幽默感asuddensharppain突然的剧痛词语积累：(1)sharplyadv.急剧地，大幅度地；严厉地，毫不客气地fallsharply急剧下降(2)sharpenvt.(使)变得锋利①Unfortunately,Icutmyfootonasharpstoneandcaughtmyhaironabranch._________②Amanwithsharpeyessatoppositeher._________③Theabovetwopictureshaveshapedsharpcontrasttoeachother._________④Hewasverysharp________hiscolleagueswhentheywerelate.⑤Hispopularityhasfallen________(sharp)forasecondmonth.⑥Thisbookalsoservesreaderswhosimplywant___________(sharp)theiranalyticalskills.即学即练写出下列句中sharp的含义/单句语法填空尖的强烈的敏锐的tosharpen

16.energetic

adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的

Keepingaproperbalancebetweenstudyandrestkeepsus_________________(精力充沛的).Canyoutellmethesecret?energetic/fullofenergyanenergeticboy一个精力充沛的男孩词语积累：energyn．活力，精力；能源，能量befullofenergy精力充沛havetheenergytodosth.有精力做某事

17.replace

vt.接替；取代；更换

replaceAwith/byB用B代替A❶Thefactoryreplacedmostofitsworkerswithrobots.这家工厂用机器人取代了大多数工人。❷Digitallifewill

replace

humancivilizationinthenearfuture.在不久的将来，数字生活将取代人类文明。➌IcametofeelmuchbetterasIknewthatnoonecouldeverreplaceme.我开始感觉好多了，因为我知道没有人可以取代我。关于“replace”的总结：代替replacetaketheplaceofinplaceofinsteadofYoucanusemilkinplaceof/insteadofcreaminthisrecipe.这道菜谱里，你可以用牛奶来替代奶油。①Itisnotagoodideatoreplacemeals_____snacks.②Suchsoftwarecan__________(replace)withcommercialsoftwareorsimplytakenoutofservice.③Thereissomethingwrongwithmycar,soIdecidetoreplaceitwithanewone.→Thereissomethingwrongwithmycar,soIdecidetouseanewone__________it.

即学即练单句语法填空/同义句转换

bereplacedinplaceofwith18.accidentn.事故；车祸；失事高频词块acar/roadaccident

车祸/交通事故byaccident

偶然地；意外地accidentaladj.偶然的；意外的Iwassorrytohearaboutyouraccidentyesterday.获悉你昨天遇到意外，我很难过。Ideletedthefilebyaccident.（口头翻译）我不小心删除了这个文件。Atleast10,000childrenareinvolvedinaccidentalpoisoningseveryyear.每年至少有一万名儿童意外中毒。

19.operationn．手术；企业；经营

常用词块：do/performanoperation(onsb.)(给某人)做手术inoperation

工作中；有效putsth.intooperation

实施词语积累：operatevi.运转；动手术vt.操作operatorn．操作员，经营者①Thefamilytendedtheoldladysocarefullythatsherecoveredfromherheart________(operate)soon.②Thenewsystemhasbeen___operationforsixmonths.③Theunitiscomparativelyeasytoinstallandcheap_________(operate).④Hemustbecomeaskilledradio________(operate)andbeabletorepairhisownequipment.⑤Thesurgeonsdecidedto_______________________________(给……做手术)thevictimsintheaccidentatonce.即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子operationintooperateoperatorperformanoperationon/operateon20.whisper

vi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传whispersth.tosb.把某事悄悄告诉某人whisperaboutsth.密谈某事whispersth.inone’sear在某人耳旁小声说某事Peoplearewhisperingthat…=Itiswhisperedthat...有人私下说……Don’tyouknowitisrudetowhisper?难道你不知道窃窃私语是不礼貌的吗？“Perhapsithasbeenburiedfortenyears,”hesaidinawhisper.“也许它已经被埋了十年了，”他低声说。Thegirlsinmyclassseemedtoknoweverything;theylovedtowhisper

aboutthingsperfectlynotnice.她们似乎什么都知道，也爱偷偷谈论不太好的事。Itiswhisperedthatheisheavilyindebt.据私下传闻，他负债累累。

21.assist

vt.帮助；援助

assistsb.in/withsth.帮助/援助某人某事assistsb.indoingsth.帮助某人做某事assistsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事❶Thebusdriverassistedtheoldladyoffthebus.司机帮助那位老太太下公共汽车。❷Heassistedmeinthedesignofanewbridge.他协助我设计一座新桥。❸Wewillsparenoeffortstoassisthiminsolvingthisproblem.我们将不遗余力地协助他解决这个问题。❹Conductinganoperationwillassisttheoldmantorecoverquickly.进行手术能够促进老人尽快康复。词语积累：(1)assistancen．帮助，援助，支持cometoone‘sassistance前来援助(2)assistantn．助手，助理aseniorassistant高级助理apersonalassistant私人助理ashopassistant店员

22.memory

n．记忆力；回忆

高频词块inmemoryof作为对……的纪念haveagood/badmemory(for)记忆力好/差memoryloss失忆❶Hesetupaneducationalfundinmemoryofhislatemother.他为了纪念他已故的母亲而设立了一个教育基金。❷Ihavea

memoryofthosethings,butastimewenton,whorememberme?那些事我曾有记忆，但是随着时间的流逝，谁还记得我呢？➌Momerylossisn’ttheonlywarningsign,however.不过，记忆丧失不是唯一的特征。①Youhave____excellentmemory,butI’dforgottenhavingevertoldyoutheplace.②Theobjectofgreatinterestatthetemplewasalargemarbletowerbuilt___memoryofBudda.③TheDragonBoatFestivalwassetup____________(为了纪念)agreatChinesepoetinancienttime.anininmemoryof即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子23.harmn.&vt.

伤害；损害高频词块:beofgreatharm危害极大的doharm