2022届高三英语全国统考一轮复习练习：提分练(四) 阅读理解提能练

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高考题型提分练（四）阅读理解提能练

（限时35分钟）

I.阅读理解

A

ThePrettiestCollegeCampusesintheUnitedStates

FlaglerCollege

Whileyou'llfindplentyofattractivecollegecampuseswithGothic,

Georgian,andJeffersonianarchitecture,FlaglerCollegeisinacategory

ofitsown.LocatedinhistoricSt.Augustine,Florida,thecollege'smain

buildingisPoncedeLeonHall.Builtin1888byHenryMorrisonFlagler,

thebuildingfeaturestheworkoffamousnineteenth-centuryartistsand

engineersincludingTiffany,Maynard,andEdison.Thebuilding,one

ofthemostimpressiveexamplesofSpanishRenaissancearchitecturein

thecountryisaNationalHistoricLandmark.

PrincetonUniversity

AlleightoftheIvyLeagueschoolshaveimpressivecampuses,but

PrincetonUniversityhasappearedonmorerankingsofprettycampuses

thananyoftheothers.LocatedinPrinceton,NewJersey,theschoolis

500acreshouseover190buildingsfeaturingplentyofstonetowersand

Gothicarches.Thecampus'soldestbuilding,NassauHall,was

completedin1756.Morerecentbuildingshavedrawnonarchitectural

heavyweights,suchasFrankGehry,whodesignedtheLewisLibrary.

RiceUniversity

EventhoughtheskylineofHoustoniseasilyvisiblefromcampus,

RiceUniversity's300acresdon'tfeelurban.Thecampus/s4,300trees

makeiteasyforstudentstofindashadyspottostudy.TheAcademic

Quadrangle,alargegrassyarea,sitsattheheartofthecampuswith

theLovettHall,theuniversity'smosticonicbuilding,situatedonthe

easternedge.FondrenLibrarystandsontheoppositeendofthequad.The

majorityofcampusbuildingswereconstructedintheByzantinestyle.

UniversityofRichmond

TheUniversityofRichmondoccupiesa350-acrecampusonthe

outskirtsofRichmond,Virginia.Theuniversity'sbuildingsaremostly

constructedfromredbrickintheCollegiateGothicstylethatispopularon

somanycampuses.ManyoftheearlybuildingsweredesignedbyRalph

AdamsCram,whoalsodesignedbuildingsfortwoothercampuseson

thislist:RiceUniversityandPrincetonUniversity.

【文章大意】本文是应用文。介绍美国四所最美的大学。

1.WhichofthefollowingistheoldestbuildingofPrinceton'sUniversity?

A.NassauHall.

B.PoncedeLeonHall.

C.TheLewisLibrary.

D.TheLovettHall.

【解析】选Ao细节理解题。根据第二段第三句"Thecampus'soldest

building,NassauHall,wascompletedin1756.”可知A为正确答案。

2.Whichuniversity'sbuildingsaremostlybuiltintheByzantinestyle?

A.FlaglerCollege.

B.PrincetonUniversity.

C.RiceUniversity.

D.UniversityofRichmond.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句"Themajorityofcampus

buildingswereconstructedintheByzantinestyle."可知,RiceUniversity的

大多数校园建筑都是拜占庭风格的，故选C。

3.Whodesignedbuildingsforthreeuniversities?

A.HenryMorrisonFlagler.

B.Tiffany.

C.FrankGehry.

D.RalphAdamsCram.

【解析】选Do细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句:"Manyoftheearly

buildingsweredesignedbyRalphAdamsCram,whoalsodesigned

buildingsfortwoothercampusesonthislist:RiceUniversityandPrinceton

University.”可知选D。

B

SecondWorldWarveteranCaptainTomMooreistobeknightedafter

hisheroiceffortstoraisemoneyfortheNHS.The100-year-oldreceived

almost£33millionindonationsforhealthservicecharitiesbywalking

lapsofhisBedfordshiregarden.

SirTomsetouttowalk100lapsofhisgardeninMarstonMoretaine

inBedfordshirebeforehis100thbirthdayonApril30,andhecompleted

thelapsaheadoftime.Hisinitialfund-raisingtargetwas£1,000,but

hisdeterminationcapturedthepublicimaginationduringthepandemic

andwithindayshehadraisedtensofmillionsofpound.Healsoreleaseda

charitysingle,You'llNeverWalkAlone,withsingerMichaelBall,

whichreachednumberoneinthecharts,makinghimtheoldestartist

evertohaveaUKnumberonesingle.

PrimeministerBorisJohnsondescribedSirTomasa“truenational

treasure"andpraisedhis''fantasticfundraising“whichhesaid“provided

usallwithabeaconoflightthroughthefogofcoronavirus”.Johnson

recommendedSirTombeexceptionallyhonouredbytheQueen,who

hasapprovedthehonour,DowningStreethasannounced.His

knighthoodcomesjustweeksafterhewasmadeanhonorarycolonelto

markhiscentenaryandfundraisingefforts.

LabourleaderKeirStarmercongratulatedSirTomwhohesaidhad

brought"inspirationtomillionsandhelpedallofustocelebratethe

extraordinaryachievementsofourNHS”.Headded:"Inhisactions,Tom

embodiedthenationalsolidarity(团结)whichhasgrownthroughoutthis

crisis,andshowedusthateveryonecanplaytheirpartinhelpingbuilda

betterfuture."

SirTomenlistedintotheeighthbattalionoftheDukeofWellington's

Regiment(8DWR),aninfantryunitthatwasconvertedtooperate

ChurchilltanksaspartoftheRoyalArmouredCorps(RAC).In1940hewas

selectedforofficertrainingandrosetotherankofcaptain,laterbeing

postedto9DWRinIndia.HeservedandfoughtintheArakaninwestern

Burma,sincerenamedRakhineState,andwentwithhisregimentto

SumatraaftertheJapanesesurrender.AfterthewarhereturnedtotheUK

andworkedasaninstructorattheArmouredFightingVehicleSchoolin

Bovington,Dorset.HelivedinKentformanyyearsbeforemovingto

Bedfordshiretobewithhisfamilyin2007.

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文，本篇讲述了一位百岁二战老兵汤姆•摩

尔上尉为抗疫中的医护人员筹款，受到大众的高度评价的故事。

4.HowdidTomMooreraisethemoney?

A.Bywalkinglaps.

B.Bysellingbirthdaygifts.

C.Bygivinglecturesatschool.

D.ByaskingthePrimeMinisterforhelp.

【解析】选Ao细节理解题。根据第一段The100-year-oldreceivedalmost

£33millionindonationsforhealthservicecharitiesbywalkinglapsofhis

Bedfordshiregarden.这位百岁老人通过在花园走圈，为健康服务慈善

机构筹集到了3300万英镑，可知答案为A项。

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingTomMooreistrue?

A.Hereleasedasongtomakemoney.

B.Heoriginallyplannedtoraise£33millionintotal.

C.HewasspokenhighlyofbythePrimeMinister.

D.Hewasn'tpromotedtocaptainuntilJapanesesurrender.

【解析】选Co细节理解题。根据第二段"Healsoreleasedacharitysingle”

他也发行了一首慈善单曲，可知A项不正确;根据第二段"Hisinitial

fund-raisingtargetwas£1,000”他最初的筹款目标是1000英镑,可知

B项不正确;根据第三段“PrimeministerBorisJohnsondescribedSirTom

asa'truenationaltreasure/andpraisedhis'fantasticfundraising”'首相称

他为“真正的宝藏”，并表扬他的“很好的筹款”，可知C项正确;根据最后

一段“In1940hewasselectedforofficertrainingandrosetotherankof

captain”可知D项不正确。

6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTomMoore?

A.Humorousandcharming.

B.Inspiringanddevoted.

C.Ambitiousandbrave.

D.Demandingandstubborn.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段他鼓舞启发了数百万人民和最

后一段他的从军经历可知B项是正确答案。

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ACaptain'sLifeStory.

B.FundraisinginPandemic.

C.ACaptainToBeKnighted.

D.DonationsinUrgentNeed.

【解析】选Co主旨大意题。本篇讲述了一位百岁二战老兵汤姆・摩尔

上尉为抗疫中的医护人员筹款，受到大众的高度评价的故事，故答案

为C项。

C

OurMarketingAssistantAlliRosetaskedherchildrenBella(9)and

Callum(6)toanactivityfromTheBigBookofNatureActivitiesbyDrew

MonkmanandJacobRodenburg.Nowthatschoolistakingplaceathome,

andparentsarerushingtogetfuneducationalactivitiesfortheirchildren,

shethoughtshe'dtryoutanactivityfromoneofourbooks.

Theactivity,MappingSoundsinNature,inviteschildrento

exploresoundsinnatureandthentomapthemonaSoundMapoftheir

creations.Findouthowitwent,andhowyoucancreateyourown,

below.

ExcerptfromthebookTheBigBookofNatureActivities.

MappingSoundsofNature

SoundMapexamplefromTheBigBookofNature

Chooseasiteandtimeofdaywithavarietyofnaturalsounds.Edge

habitatsnearamarsh(沼泽，湿地)canbeexcellent.Giveeachchildan

indexcardwithanXinthecenter.TellthemthecardisamapandtheXis

wherethey'llbesitting.

Eachtimetheyhearasound,theyshouldmarkitslocation

(directionanddistance)andrepresentitwithasimplesymbol(e.g.,a

fewparallellinesforwind,amusicalnoteforbirdsong,anumberafter

thenoteforeachdifferentbird).Showthemhowtocuptheirhandsin

frontofandbehindtheirearstohearsoundsfromalldirections.

Makesureeachchildfindsalisteningplacewell-separatedfromother

children.Listenfor5—10minutes,dependingonthevarietyofsounds

andtheageofparticipants.Encouragekidstosharetheirmapswitha

partner,identifyingbothnaturalandhuman-relatedsounds.Bringthe

grouptogetheranddiscussthefollowing:

Howmanydifferentsoundsdidyouhear?

Whichsoundsdidyouparticularlylike?

Whatsoundswerenewtoyou?

Who/Whatmayhavemadethem?

Whichwerenaturalandwhichwerecausedbyhumans?

Dosomeofthesesoundshaveapurpose?Ifso,whatmightthisbe?

—

Bella'sSoundMap

Callum

Callum'sSoundMap

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，推销文书，因为疫情孩子被迫居家学习,

作者通过自己助手的参与经历介绍一个户外观察活动，并借机销售这

本书。文章摘引该书的部分内容详细介绍了该活动具体的做法和注意

事项，并附上了助手孩子的成就，很有说服力。

8.Whyarethechildrentaskedtothisactivity?

A.Toprotecttheenvironment.

B.Togetclosetonature.

C.Tohavesomefun.

D.Togetsomeeducation.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。从文章开头第一段第二句话"Nowthatschool

istakingplaceathome,andparentsarerushingtogetfuneducational

activitiesfortheirchildren,shethoughtshe'dtryoutanactivityfrom

oneofourbooks."可知孩子们在居家学习期间，父母想要找些具有教

育意义又不失乐趣的活动，故选D符合原意。

9.Howistheperformanceofthetwochildrenintheactivity?

A.Bad.B.Good.

C.Disappointing.D.Astonishing.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。从文中介绍和两个孩子的绘图来看，效果

还是很不错的，对9岁和6岁的孩子而言，其成就远超图片所展示的内

容，他们的注意力、观察能力、动手能力都得到了锻炼。

10.What'sthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?

A.Tointroduceabooktoteachers.

B.Toadvertiseforabook.

C.Toencouragechildrentodooutdooractivities.

D.Tohelpparentseducatetheirchildren.

【解析】选B。写作意图题。文章开头提到"OurMarketingAssistantAlli

RosetaskedherchildrenBella(9)andCallum(6)toanactivityfromThe

BigBookofNatureActivitiesbyDrewMonkmanandJacobRodenburg."

以及"shethoughtshe'dtryoutanactivityfromoneofourbooks”,因山匕可

知此书是他们的销售任务之一;再根据后面的示范图和小孩子的作品图

进行比较得出结论:此书还不错。借部分章节内容推荐介绍最终达成促

销目的，是很好的广告案例。

11.Whodoyouthinkwilllikethisbook?

A.Parents.B.Writers.

C.Salesmen.D.Scientists.

【解析】选Ao细节理解题。文章第一段第二句Nowthatschoolistaking

placeathome,andparentsarerushingtogetfuneducationalactivities

fortheirchildren可知此书是向父母介绍如何进行户外活动教育的，所

以父母应该喜欢。

D

BeatrixPotter'sstoriesofanimalshavecapturedtheimaginationof

childrensince1902,whenherfirststory,TheTaleofPeterRabbit,

waspublished.Itrecordstheadventureofarabbitwhoangersa

bad-temperedfarmerandfindshimselfparticipantinanepicescape.Peter,

brothertoFlopsy,MopsyandCotton-Tail,didwhatchildrendo

best—notlisten!Noteventhefactthatonlyacoupleyearsagohisdad

wascaughtbytheevilfarmerandmadeintoapiebythefarmer'swife.

Butboyswillbeboys,right?—Evenoneswhohavesisterswithcute

names.

Herapparentlyfunnyfictionattemptstomakepleasantthe

consequentialhorrorsarisingfrompoordecisionmaking.Atitsmostliteral,

herstoriessuggestthatnaughtychildrenarelikelytodieorencounterloss

oflimbs.JemimaPuddle-duckispersuadedintoattendingadinnerparty

withapolite'gentleman',whosohappenstobeafox.Thestoryisatotal

Zstrangerdanger'alertforlittlelisteners,similartoPerrault/sLittleRed

RidingHood—themoralattheendofwhichreads:

“Children,especiallyattractiveyoungladies,shouldnevertalkto

strangers,foriftheyshoulddoso,theymaywellprovidedinnerfora

wolf.Buttherearevariouskindsofwolves.Therearealsothosewhoare

charming,quiet,politeandsweet.Andunfortunately,itisthese

gentlewolveswhoarethemostdangerousonesofall."

Yetthestrangethingiskidsdon'tseemparticularlyupsetbyallthe

crueltyandviolencethatgoesdowninPotter'stales.Andisn'tthisthe

verythingthatmakesherstoriessoaccomplished,soloved?Potter's

creaturesteachandentertainyoungreaders,whoasadults,willrevisit

thestorieswiththeirownchildren,appreciatingtheunexpecteddark

humorandmarvelingatthehiddenhorrorandwonderingwhytheirlittle

onesaren/thavingnightmareswhentheyshouldbe!

【文章大意】本文为一篇议论文，探讨了BeatrixPotter经久不衰的动物

故事，出于规劝小读者的意图而使用生动有趣的语言展现生活的阴暗

面。

12.WhyisTheTaleofPeterRabbitmentionedinParagraph1?

A.ToshowBeatrixPotter'sachievement

B.TocriticizePeterRabbit'sbadbehavior.

C.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.

D.Todescribethecharactersinthestory.

【解析】选C。写作意图题。第一段提到BeatrixPotter最著名的作品做

例子，引出文章的中心论点:尽管她的故事生动有趣，但其中暗藏恐怖。

13.WhydoestheauthorcompareJemimaPuddle-duckwithLittleRed

RidingHood?

A.Theyarebothworldfamous.

B.Theysharesimilarstructures.

C.Theybothtellstoriesoflittlegirls.

D.Theyteachchildrensimilarlessons.

【解析】选D。推理判断题。作者通过两个故事JemimaPuddle-duck

及LittleRedRidingHood来说明一个道理:小孩子不要轻信陌生人，哪怕

陌生人表现得彬彬有礼。

14.WhyareadultreaderssurprisedwhenrereadingBeatrixPotter's

storiesaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Theyhavebaddreamsatnight.

B.Theydon'tnoticethehumor.

C.Theirkidsdon/tfearthesestories.

D.Theirkidsdon'tlikethesestories.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。文章最后一段提到readers,whoasadults,

willrevisitthestorieswiththeirownchildren,appreciatingthe

unexpecteddarkhumorandmarvelingatthehiddenhorrorand

wonderingwhytheirlittleonesaren'thavingnightmareswhenthey

shouldbe可知，长大后的读者跟自己的孩子一起重温这些故事时，注

意到其中的黑色幽默及暗藏的恐怖时，奇怪自己的孩子读完为什么不

会做噩梦。

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ThecharmingdarksideofPotter/sstories

B.ThestoriesofJemimaPuddle-duck

C.Thereaders'reactiontofairytales

D.ThelanguageinPotter'sstories

【解析】选A。主旨大意题。全文探讨BeatrixPotter运用精彩有趣的

语言讲述了生活中的阴暗面来劝诫儿童，故选A。

n.阅读填句

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

I'malwayssurprisedwhenIhearthestatisticsabouthowlittletime

kidsspendoutside.Onestudyfoundchildrenarespendinglessthanhalf

theamountoftimeoutdoorsthantheydidjust20yearsago.

]Allthatoutsidetimeisn/tjustabouthealthandexercise,

thoughthat/scertainlytrue.Severalstudiesalsohavelinkedoutsidetime

tohighertestscores,loweranxietyandaggression,morecreativityand

improvedattentionspans.2Researcherslookatthreeprimary

schoolsinSouthWalesthatadoptedanoutdoorlearningprogram,with

teachersworkingoutsidewithstudentsatleastonehouraweekandcome

tothisconclusion.

3ElizaMinnucci'skindergartenclassthereengagesinForest

Mondays,duringwhichthestudentsspendthewholedayinthewoods,

rainorshine.It'samorecurriculum-basedversionoftheLand,an

outdoorplaygroundinEngland,whichallowskidstoexperiment,build

dams,andevenbuildfiresinthewoods.

Sowhat