2022-2023学年江苏省高三上学期百校大联考英语试卷（解析版）

2023届高三年级大联考

英语

注意事项：

考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求

1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,

请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题纸卡上，写在

本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Wherewillthewomangofirst?

A.Totheundergroundstation.

B.Totherestaurant.

C.Tothehospital.

2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Borrowthecomputergame.

B.Returnthecomputergamelater

C.Invitethemantoplaythecomputergame.

3.Whatdidthemandislikeaboutthefilm?

A.Thestory.B.Themusic.C.Thepicture.

4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Whoshouldcleantheroom.

B.Whentheywillcleantheroom.

C.Howtheyshouldcleantheroom.

5.WhydidthemanleavePennsylvania?

A.Thetownwastoosmall.

B.Hehadproblemswiththelanguage.

C.HehadtoteachSpanishinNewJersey.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各

小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatrelationisthewomantotheman?

A.Hisdoctor.B.Hismother.C.HisP.E.teacher.

7.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?

A.Takeregulartests.B.Joinahealthclub.C.Getlotsoffreshair.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Howdoesthewomanoftengettowork?

A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.

9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman'sidea?

A.Reasonable.B.Unacceptable.C.Useful.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10Whydothespeakersmakeanappointment?

A.Toreviewtheirpresentation.

B.Tostudyforapapertogether.

C.Topreparematerialsforaclasspresentation.

11.Whatwillthemandobeforehemeetsthewoman?

A.Printoutthepaper

B.Getthebooksfromthelibrary.

C.CollectinformationontheInternet.

12.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?

A.OnMonday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whereistheboynow?

A.Atschool.B.Athome.C.Atapizzahouse.

14.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?

A.Toremindtheboyofhisbasketballpractice.

B.Toasktheboytoordersomepizzas.

C.Toleaveamessage.

15.Whatisthewoman'snewmobilenumber?

A.85659772.B.84658722.C.84659772.

16.Whenwilltheboy'sfatherpickhimup?

A.At5:30p.m.B.At3:30p.m.C.At2:00p.m.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.WhatwillhappenatSam'sDiscotonight?

AItwillbeopenlonger.

B.Itwillbehalfpriceallnight.

C.Itwillhaveabigbirthdaypartythere.

18.Wherewillthefootballmatchbeheld?

A.InHenry'sCollege.B.IntheSportsCenter.C.InSouthPark.

19.Whatwillthefootballersdoafterthematch?

AAttendaparty.B.Haveapicnic.C.Enjoyaconcert.

20.WhenwilleverybodyarriveatThorntonForest?

A.Atabout12:20p.m.

B.Atabout12:30p.m.

C.Atabout12:50p.m.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

BestSummerJobsforHighSchoolStudents

Workingduringthesummerwhenschoolisoutofsessionisagreatopportunityforteenagerstomakemoney

andgainvaluableworkplaceexperience.

RestaurantServer

Foodanddrinkservicejobsareplentiful.Althoughaveragebasepayispoor,workerswhocartstipscandowell

forthemselves.AndsomenationalchainshavetheresourcestopaymoreStarbucksemployeescanearnabout$12

perhowonaverage,andmayqualifyforabenefitspackagethatincludeshealthinsurance.

GroceryStoreWorker

Grocerystorejobsarealsorelativelyplentiful.Althoughmostgroceryemployeesdon'tearntips,basepayis

generallyabovethefederalminimumwage—about$12perhour.Jobsthatrequireworkerstooperateheavy

machineryareinaccessibletoworkersunderage18.Grocerystoreemployeestypicallyworkinshifts,with

part-timerspollingfourtoeighthoursatastretch.Peakshoppinghourstendtofallonweekendsandearlyevenings.

Tutor

Ifyou'vealreadytakenanddonewellonstandardizedtestsliketheSATorACT,youcanhelpthesestudentsand

earndecentpayasatutor.Tutorpayvariesbyspecialty,experience,andeducationalattainment.Tutorswho

themselvesarehighschoolstudentsorrecentgraduatesaren?tlikelytocammuchmorethanthenationalaveragerate

ofS18perhour.

Career-TrackIntem（实习）

Evenifyouhaven'tyetdecidedwhatyouwantyour“rear”careertobe,highschoolsummersoffertheperfect

opportunitytotestajobyouthinkyou'lllike.Summerinternshipsareoftenunpaid,forcingstudentstoconsider

whethertheopportunityisworththecost.That'slikelytocomedowntothevalueoftheexperienceandthe

connectionsthatcouldlandyouahigher-paying,career-trackjobdowntheroad.

1.Whatisthefeatureofgrocerystorejobs?

A.Noemployeesgettips.

B.Theyaretoughtoobtain.

C.Theyareforpeopleaged

D.Theemployeesdoshiftwork.

2.WhatisspecialaboutCareer-TrackIntern?

A.It'softendonewithoutpayment.

B.Itisworththebigexpense.

C.Itguaranteesyouagoodcareer.

D.Ilprovidesyouwithexperience.

3.Whichjobfavorsanacademicallyexcellentstudent?

A.RestaurantServer.B.GroceryStoreWorker.

C.Career-TrackIntern.D.Tutor.

【答案】LD2.A3.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四份最适合高中生的暑期工作。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据GroceryStoreWorker中的uGrocerystoreemployeestypicallyworkinshifts,withpart-timers

pollingfourtoeighlhoursatastrelch.（杂货店的员工通常是轮班工作的，兼职的人每天工作4到8个小时°）”

可知，杂货店工作的特点是员工轮班工作。故选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Career-TrackIntern（实习）中的“Summerinternshipsareoftenunpaid,forcingstudentsto

considerwhethertheopportunityisworththecost.（暑期实习通常是无薪的，这迫使学生们考虑这个机会是否

值得付出这样的代价。）”可知，职业展望实习生特别之处在于通常是无偿的。故选A。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据Tutor中的“Ifyou'vealreadytakenanddonewellonstandardizedtestsliketheSATorACT,you

canhelpthesestudentsandearndecentpayasatutor.（如果你已经参加了像SAT或ACT这样的标准化考试并取

得了良好的成绩，你就可以帮助这些学生，并作为家教获得体面的报酬。）”可知，家庭教师这份工作偏爱

学习成绩优异的学生。故选D。

B

HeroesMonicaandBryanDavieshadonlyjusttrainedascouriers（递送员）forthecharityAnthonyNolanwhen

thecoronavirusbrokeout.Buttheyweredeterminedtovolunteertodeliverstemcellstocancerpatients,inspiredby

theirdaughterHelen'sbravebattlewithherillnessandmeetingtheselflessstemcelldonorwhocametoherrescue.

Monica,67,said:Tcouldn'tbearthethoughtthatotherfamiliesstandingbyahospitalbed,beingtoldthe

transplantcouldn'tgoaheadbecausethestemcellscouldn'tgetthrough.”

Helenwasdiagnosed（诊断）withHodgkinsLymphomain2010.Thediagnosiswasallthemoreterrifyingasa

closefamilyfriendhadlosttheirteenagesontothediseaseadecadeearlier,butatfirstthedoctorscomfortedHelen

andsaidshewaslikelytomakeafullrecovery.

ThedoctorssaidHelen'sageandfitnessworkedinherfavour.Theysaidshewouldhavesixmonthsoftreatment

andshewouldbefine.Butwithinmonthsoffinishinghertreatment,Helen'scoughreturnedandscansrevealeda

shadowonherchest.Furtherinvestigationsconfirmedthecancerwasback.

Thedoctorsusedupalltreatmentsexceptastemcelltransplantfromadonor.Thankfullyamatchingdonorwas

foundontheAnthonyNolanstemcellregisterandHelenhadhertransplantinMarch2014.ThistimeHelenmadea

goodrecovery.Shewantedtocontactherdonor,butstrictanonymity（匿名）rulespreventpatientsmeetingtheir

donorfortwoyearsafterthetransplant.

Assoonasshewasallowed,HelenmadecontactwithherdonorBenPotts,fromKent.Theyquicklybecame

friendsandsheinvitedhimtoherweddinginSeptember2016.

Afterthat,MonicaandBryandecidedtosupportAnthonyNolanandvolunteeredtobecomestemcellcouriers

whentheyretiredandreturnedtoEngland.

Thecouplemadethreedeliveriesaweekatthepeakofthepandemic.They'venowcovered15,000miles.

HennyBraund,AnthonyNolan'schiefexecutivesaid:"Overthelastyearourvolunteercouriershaveshowedjust

howcommittedtheyaretogivingpeoplewithbloodcancerasecondchanceof

4.Whatinspiredthecoupletovolunteertodeliverstemcells?

A.Thepainsofcancerpatients.B.Theirdaughter'sexperience.

C.Theoutbreakofcoronavirus.D.Thedonors'selflessdevotion.

5.Whatwasthedoctors9initialfeelingaboutHelen'scondition?

A.Confident.B.Terrified.C.Desperate.D.Embarrassed.

6.Whycouldn'tHelenmeetherdonoratfirst?

A.Shedidnotmakeafullrecovery.

B.Thedonorrefusedtobecontacted.

C.Theyarrangedalatertimetomeet.

D.Shehadnoideawhosavedherlife.

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Acharitableorganization.

B.Agirlfightingagainstcancer.

C.Acoupledeliveringstemcells.

D.Asuccessfulstemcelltransplant.

【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C

【解析】

【导语】本文为记叙文，主要讲述了英雄莫妮卡和布莱恩•戴维斯因为他们的女儿海伦勇敢地与病魔斗争，

并遇到了无私的干细胞捐献者来拯救她，所以他们志愿为癌症患者派送干细胞。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段第二句"Buttheyweredeterminedtovolunteertodeliverstemcellstocancerpatients,

inspiredbytheirdaughterHelen'sbravebattlewithherillnessandmeetingtheselflessstemcelldonorwhocameto

herrescue（但是，他们决心志愿为癌症患者派送干细胞，这是因为他们的女儿海伦勇敢地与病魔斗争，并

遇到了无私的干细胞捐献者来拯救她可知，是女儿的经历让他们决心志愿为癌症患者提供干细胞，故

选B项。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。结合第四自然段第一句"ThedoctorssaidHelen'sageandfitnessworkedinherfavour.Theysaidshe

wouldhavesixmonthsoftreatmentandshewouldbefine（医生说海伦的年龄和身体状况对她有利。他们说她

会接受六个月的治疗，她会没事的可知，起初医生认为Helen的病可以治愈，故选A项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。结合第五段最后一句“Shewantedtocontactherdonor,butstrictanonymity（匿名）rulesprevent

patientsmeetingtheirdonorfortwoyearsafterthetransplant.（她想联系她的捐赠者，但严格的匿名规则阻止患

者在移植后两年内与捐赠者见面可知，起初，因为匿名规则的原因，女孩不知道捐赠者是谁，所以不

能与捐赠者见面，故选D项。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。结合第一段uHeroesMonicaandBryanDavieshadonlyjusttrainedascouriers（递送员）forthe

charityAnthonyNolanwhenthecoronavirusbrokeout（新冠病毒爆发时，英雄莫妮卡和布莱恩•戴维斯刚刚

接受慈善机构安东尼•诺兰的快递员培训°）”和最后一段“Thecouplemadethreedeliveriesaweekatthepeak

ofthepandemic（这对夫妇在大流行高峰期每周派送三次）”可知，全文在讲述志愿派送干细胞的一对夫妻，

故选C项。

C

Tocommunicatewithothers,we,thepeople,havedifferentlanguages.Butwhataboutotheranimalsandplants?

Well,accordingtoascientist,plantstalktoeachotherusinglanguage.

JimWestwood,aVirginiaTechscientist,madethisdiscoverybylookingattheinteractionsbetweenaparasitic

（寄生的）plantcalledadodderandtwotypesofhostplants,asmallfloweringplantandatomatoplant.Doddersuse

aroot——likeparttoentertheirhostplantsandfeedontheirnutrients.

Inpreviousstudies,Westwoodhaddiscoveredthatduringthisinteraction,RNAmolecules（分子）,whichplaya

crucialroleintranslatinginformationpasseddownfromDNA,werebeingpassedbetweenthetwospecies.

Andrecently,WestwoodlookedintothepossibilitythataspecialtypeofRNAmolecules,mRNAorMessenger

RNA,werealsobeingexchangedbetweentheparasiticandhostplants,mRNAmoleculessendmessageswithincells,

instructingthemonwhichactionstotakeandwhen.Throughthisexchange,theparasiticplantmaybeinstructingits

hosttoloweritsdefensessothattheparasiticplantcanmoreeasilyattack,it.

Besidesgivingusamuchdeeperinsightintothebehaviourofplants,thisinformationcouldhelpscientistscome

upwithbettersolutionstofighttheparasiticweedsthatthreatenfoodcrops.Parasiticplantsareseriousproblemsfor

cropsthathelpfeedsomeofthepoorestregionsinAfricaandelsewhere.Inaddition,ithasexcitingimplicationsfor

thedesignofnovelcontrolstrategiesbasedoninterruptingthemRNAinformationthattheparasite（寄生虫）usesto

reprogramthehost.

“ThebeautyofthisdiscoveryisthatthismRNAcouldbetheAchilles'heelforparasites,9,Westwoodsaid."This

isallreallyexcitingbecausetherearesomanypotentialimplicationssurroundingthisnewinformation.Nowthatwe

havefoundthattheyaresharingallthisinformation,thenextquestionis,4Whatexactlyaretheytellingeachother?'."

8.WhafsWestwood'snewdiscovery?

A.RNAcantranslateDNAinformation.

B.Parasiteplantscancontroltheirhosts.

C.Plantscanuselanguagetocommunicate.

D.Plantscantalktoeachotherviatheroots.

9.WhatcanwelearnaboutmRNAmolecules?

A.Theyissueinstructionstotheplants.

B.TheytranslateinformationfromRNA.

C.Theydefendtheplantsagainstattacks.

D.Theyareexchangedbetweentheplants.

10.InwhataspectcouldWestwood'sfindingshelp?

A.Solvetheissuesoffoodshortage.

B.Buildthehost-parasiterelationship.

C.Identifythegenesofthehostplants.

D.Studytheconnectionbetweenplants.

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.Abigdeal.B.Aweakpoint.

C.Anopportunity.D.Anachievement.

【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了弗吉尼亚理工大学的科学家吉姆•韦斯特伍德通过观察一种叫做菟

丝子的寄生植物与两种寄主植物（一种小型开花植物和一种番茄植物）之间的相互作用，得出植物之间相

互交流这一发现。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Well,accordingtoascientist,plantstalktoeachotherusinglanguage.（根据一位

科学家的说法，植物之间用语言交流。）”可知，Westwood的新发现是植物可以用语言进行交流。故选B。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Andrecently,WestwoodlookedintothepossibilitythataspecialtypeofRNA

molecules,mRNAorMessengerRNA,werealsobeingexchangedbetweentheparasiticandhostplants,mRNA

moleculessendmessageswithincells,instructingthemonwhichactionstotakeandwhen.（最近，韦斯特伍德研

究了一种特殊类型的RNA分子，信使RNA,也在寄生植物和寄主植物之间交换的可能性，信使RNA分子

在细胞内发送信息，指示它们何时采取何种行动。）”可知，信使RNA分子向植物发出指令。故选A。

30题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段"Besidesgivingusamuchdeeperinsightintothebehaviourofplants,this

informationcouldhelpscientistscomeupwithbettersolutionstofighttheparasiticweedsthatthreatenfoodcrops.

ParasiticplantsareseriousproblemsforcropsthathelpfeedsomeofthepoorestregionsinAfricaandelsewhere.（除

了让我们对植物的行为有更深入的了解外，这些信息还可以帮助科学家想出更好的办法来对付威胁粮食作

物的寄生杂草。寄生植物对帮助非洲和其他一些最贫穷地区的作物来说是一个严重的问题。”'可推知，

Westwood的发现有助于解决粮食短缺问题。故选A。

【11题详解】

词句猜测题。根据上文“Inaddition,ithasexcitingimplicationsforthedesignofnovelcontrolstrategiesbasedon

intenuptingthemRNAinformationthattheparasite（寄生虫）usestoreprogramthehost.（此外，它对基于中断寄

生虫用来重新编程宿主的mRNA信息的新控制策略的设计具有令人兴奋的意义。”'可知，这一发现的美妙

之处在于，这种mRNA可能是寄生虫的致命弱点。由此可推知，theAchilles，heel意为“弱点二故选B。

D

Thespacecommunityistakingtheorbitaldebris（碎片）threatincreasinglyseriouslythesedays.Multiple

satellite“mega-constellations（巨型星座）"areintheworks,makingspacetrafficmanagementandspace-junk

removalmorepressingissuesthanthey'veeverbeen.

Forinstance,SpaceXhasalreadylaunchedmorethan1,700satellitesforitsStarlinkbroadbandconstellation.

Thecompanyultimatelywantstolauncharound30,000Starlinksatellitesintoorbit.OneWebhaslaunchedmorethan

halfofthesatellitesforitsplanned648-memberconstellation,whichmayalsogrowbeyondthatinitialnumberas

timegoeson.

Inaddition,satelliteconstructioncostscontinuetofall,allowingmoreandmorepeopletogetsatellitesupand

operatethem-includingfolkswithverylittleexperienceinthefield.Thisopeningofthefinalfrontierisgenerallya

goodthing,butitfurtherhighlightstheneedforresponsibleactionwhenitcomestosatelliteoperation.In2019,for

example,theSpaceSafetyCoalition（SSC）laidoutasetofproposedvoluntaryguidelinesdesignedtocontrolspace

junkoverthecomingyears.

Onerecommendationisthatallsatellitesoperatingabove250milesbeequippedwithpropulsion（推进）systems,

allowingthemtogetawayfrompossiblecollisions（碰撞）.TheSSCalsorecommendsoperatorswhocontrol

satellitesinlowEarthorbitshouldincludeintheirlaunchcontractsarequirementthatrocketupperstagesshouldbe

gotridofintheatmosphereshortlyafterliftoff.

Moreactivedebris-fightingstrategiescouldalsobepartofthesolution.Removingjustahandfulofrocket

bodiesordeadsatelliteseveryyearcouldhelpuskeepourspace-junkproblemundercontrol,accordingtosome

studies.Andresearchersaroundtheworldaredevelopingandtestingwaystodojustthat,usingnets,harpoons（鱼叉）

andothermethods.

Thespace-junkissueisaglobalone,sogovernmentsaroundtheworldshouldhaveconversationsabouthowto

dealwithit.Let'shopethetalks,thedecisionsandthetechendupoutpacingtheproblem.

12.WhatdothetwoexamplesinParagraph2illustrate?

A.Orbitaldebrisensuresatellitesafety.

B.Constellationsconsistofmanysatellites.

C.Spaceisbecomingincreasinglycrowded.

DSpaceXhashighercapacitytoexplorespace.

13.Whycanmorepeoplesendsatellitesintoorbit?

A.Experienceinthisareaisrich.

B.Satellitesarecheapertomake.

C.Satelliteoperationsrequirelittleskills.

D.Spaceisaccessibletocommonpeople.

14.Whatisaneffectivewaytocontrolspacejunk?

A.Removedeadsatellitesfromorbit.

B.Cooperateinmonitoringsatellites.

C.Operatesatellitesatafixedheight.

D.Recyclearocketshortlyafterliftoff.

15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitlefbrthetext?

A.Spacejunkcleanup

B.Therisksofspacejunk

C.Spacedebrisandsatellites

D.Guidelinesforspacesafety

【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲的是太空垃圾越来越多，空间越来越拥挤以及造成这个问题的原因和

解决方案。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段"Thespacecommunityistakingtheorbitaldebris（碎片）threatincreasinglyseriously

thesedays.Multiplesatellitetlmega-constellations（巨型星座）"areintheworks,makingspacetrafficmanagement

andspace-junkremovalmorepressingissuesthanthey'veeverbeen.（最近，太空界越来越重视轨道碎片的威胁。

多个卫星“巨型星座”正在建造中，这使得太空交通管理和太空垃圾清除问题比以往任何时候都更加紧迫。）”

和下文的"Forinstance"可知是通过这两个例子说明太空空间越来越拥挤，故选C。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段"Inaddition,satelliteconstructioncostscontinuetofall,allowingmoreandmorepeople

togetsatellitesupandoperatethem—includingfolkswithverylittleexperienceinthefield.（此夕卜，卫星建造成本

持续下降，这使得越来越多的人能够安装和操作卫星——包括那些在这一领域缺乏经验的人。）”可知，更

多的人可以将卫星送入轨道是因为制造卫星更便宜，故选B。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Moreactivedebris-fightingstrategiescouldalsobepartofthesolution.Removing

justahandfulofrocketbodiesordeadsatelliteseveryyearcouldhelpuskeepourspace-junkproblemundercontrol,

accordingtosomestudies.（更积极的碎片处理策略也可能是解决方案的一部分。一些研究表明，每年只移除

少量火箭体或报废卫星就能帮助我们控制太空垃圾问题。）”可知，控制太空垃圾的有效方法是将报废卫星

从轨道上移除。故选A。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段"Thespacecommunityistakingtheorbitaldebris（碎片）threatincreasinglyseriously

thesedays.Multiplesatellite“mega-constellations（巨型星座）"areintheworks,makingspacetrafficmanagement

andspace-junkremovalmorepressingissuesthanthey'veeverbeen.（最近，太空界越来越重视轨道碎片的威胁。

多个卫星“巨型星座”正在建造中，这使得太空交通管理和太空垃圾清除问题比以往任何时候都更加紧迫。）”

可知，文章主要介绍太空垃圾越来越多，空间越来越拥挤以及造成这个问题的原因和解决方案。所以A选

项“太空垃圾清理”符合文章主旨，适合做标题，故选A。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Goodhealthcanbedefinedasphysical,mental,andsocialwellbeing,andasaresourceforlivingafulllife.But

maintaininggoodhealthdoesn'thappenbyaccident.16

Studieshavefoundthatinflammation（炎症）candamagetissueJoints,arterywalls,andorgans.Ahealthydiet

isrichinfiber,wholegrains,freshfruitsandvegetables,goodorunsaturatedfats,andomega-3fattyacids.

17TheMediterraneandietmeetsallofthecriteriaforgoodhealth,andthereisconvincingevidencethatit

iseffectiveatwardingoffheartattack,stroke,andprematuredeath.

Physicalactivityisalsonecessaryfbrgoodhealth.Therearemanybenefitstoexercisingregularly.These

includealowerriskofdiseaseslikecanceranddiabetes,improvedphysicalfunction,andahigherqualityoflife.

18Forexample,pregnantwomenwhoengageinroutinephysicalactivityarelesslikelytogainalarge

amountofweightorexperiencedepressionaftergivingbirth,elderlypeoplewhoexerciseareatlowerriskofbeing

injuredduringafall.

Stresscanhavebothdirectandindirecteffectsthatunderminephysicalhealthandbody.Findingwaystoreduce

stressisanotherstrategythatcanhelpyoustayhealthy,giventheconnectionbetweenstressandavarietyofdisorders.

19Trymeditation,mindfulness,yoga,playingonweekends,andtakingvacations.

20Ifsomethinghappenstoyourhealth,aphysicianyouknow-andwhoknowsyou-isinthebest

positiontohelp.Heorsheknowshowtodealwitheverythingfromhelpingyouthroughaboutwiththeflutoback

painanddigestionissues,touncoveringseriousillnesseslikecancerandheartdisease.

A.Therearemanywaystorelievestress.

B.Exercisingcanalsobenefitcertaingroups.

C.Aimfor150minutesofexerciseeveryweek.

D.Haveconsultationswithfamousandreliabledoctors.

E.Thesedietarycomponentscanturndowninflammation.

F.Establishagoodrelationshipwithaprimarycarephysician.

G.Itrequireswork,smartlifestylechoices,andregularcheckups.

【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.A20.F

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了保持健康的方法。

【16题详解】

由上文“Butmaintaininggoodhealthdoesn'thappenbyaccident.（但保持健康并非偶然）”和下文第二段“The

Mediterraneandietmeetsallofthecriteriaforgoodhealth,andthereisconvincingevidencethatitiseffectiveat

wardingoffheartattack,stroke,andprematuredeath.（地中海饮食符合健康的所有标准，有令人信服的证据表

明，地中海饮食能有效预防心脏病发作、中风和过早死亡）”，第三段“Physicalactivityisalsonecessaryforgood

health.（身体活动对健康也是必要的）”，第四段“Findingwaystoreducestressisanotherstrategythatcanhelpyou

stayhealthy,giventheconnectionbetweenstressandavarietyofdisorders.（考虑到压力和各种疾病之间的联系,

寻找减轻压力的方法是另一种可以帮助你保持健康的策略）”和最后一段"Ifsomethinghappenstoyourhealth,

aphysicianyouknow一andwhoknowsyou一isinthebestpositiontohelp.（如果你的健康出现问题，请你认识

的医生为您提供最佳帮助）”可知，保持健康不是随意为之，需要在生活方式（饮食和减轻压力）、锻炼和看

医生方面下功夫，G选项“它需要锻炼、明智的生活方式选择和定期检查。”切题，引出下文讲保持健康的

具体方法。故选G项。

【17题详解】

E选项“这些饮食成分可以减少炎症。”承接上文“Studieshavefoundthatinflammation（炎症）candamagetissue,

joints,arterywalls,andorgans.Ahealthydietisrichinfiber,wholegrains,freshfruitsandvegetables,goodor

unsaturatedfats,andomega-3fattyacids.（研究发现，炎症会损伤组织、关节、动脉壁和器官。健康的饮食富

含纤维、全谷物、新鲜水果和蔬菜、优质或不饱和脂肪以及欧米伽-3脂肪酸）”讲健康饮食成分带来的好处

减少炎症。故选E项。

【18题详解】

由上文Physicalactivityisalsonecessaryforgoodhealth.Therearemanybenefitstoexercisingregularly.These

includealowerriskofdiseaseslikecanceranddiabetes,improvedphysicalfunction,andahigherqualityoflife.（身

体活动对健康也是必要的。经常锻炼有很多好处。这包括降低患癌症和糖尿病等疾病的风险，改善身体机

能，提高生活质量）”可知锻炼有好处，B选项“锻炼对某些群体也有好处J承接上文，也提出观点，引出

下文“Forexample,pregnantwomenwhoengageinroutinephysicalactivityarelesslikelytogainalargeamountof

weightorexperiencedepressionaftergivingbirth,elderlypeoplewhoexerciseareatlowerriskofbeinginjured

duringafall.（例如，从事日常体育活动的孕妇在分娩后体重增加或抑郁的可能性较小，而锻炼身体的老年人

在跌倒时受伤的风险较低）”具体举例说明锻炼对哪些群体有好处。故选B项。

【19题详解】

由上文“Findingwaystoreducestressisanotherstrategythatcanhelpyoustayhealthy,giventheconnection

betweenstressandavarietyofdisorders.（考虑到压力和各种疾病之间的联系，寻找减轻压力的方法是另一种

可以帮助你保持健康的策略）”和下文“Trymeditation,mindfulness,yoga,playingonweekends,andtaking

vacations.（尝试冥想、正念、瑜伽、周末玩耍和度假）”可知，承接上下文，A选项“有很多方法可以缓解压

力。”切题，讲减压的方法。故选A项。

【20题详解】

由下文“Ifsomethinghappenstoyourhealth,aphysicianyouknow-andwhoknowsyou-isinthebestpositionto

help.Heorsheknowshowtodealwitheverythingfromhelpingyouthroughaboutwiththeflutobackpainand

digestionissues,touncoveringseriousillnesseslikecancerandheartdisease.（如果你的健康出现问题，请你认识

的医生为您提供最佳帮助。他或她知道如何处理一切，从帮助你度过流感、背痛和消化问题，到发现癌症

和心脏病等严重疾病）”可知，下文所讲的医生应该是初级保健医生，可得出作者建议读者有问题就联系初

级保健医生，承接下文，F选项“与初级保健医生建立良好的关系。”可总起该段。故选F项。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

80-year-oldJoaoisagreatBrazilianclassicalpianist.Attheageof8,hehadalreadywonacontest21

Bach.Hecouldplay21notespersecondatthe22ofhisskills.

However,fortunewasn't23toJoao.At24yearsold,hesufferedanaccidentthat24the

nervesinthreeofhisfingers.Andat55,hewasstruckinthehead,leavinghimwithbraininjuriesthatcompletely

paralyzed（使瘫痪）his25.

Hehadtoabandonthepiano,sincehecould26usehisfingers.Butparalyzedhandsweren'tenoughto

makehim27hismusicalcareer.Joaobecamea（n）28in2003.Hecouldn'tturnthepagesinthe

scoreorevenswingthestick,soinstead,hejustcommittedeveryscoreto29,notebynote—almost5,000

scorepages.

Luckily,anengineerwhosawhimplayinglivedecidedto30somethingtohelphim.Afteraconcert,

he3j