2022年山东省临沂市中考英语真题

PAGE1PAGE252022年山东省临沂市中考英语试卷一、听力测试（共4小题，计20分）1．听句子，选择与句子内容相对应的图片。每个句子读两遍。2．听对话和问题，根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。（1）A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.（2）A.At1：30.B.At2：15.C.At2：45.（3）A.Sheusedtohavestraightblondehair.B.Sheusedtohavecurlyblackhair.C.Sheusedtohavecurlyredhair.（4）A.WatchTV.B.Dohishomework.C.Cleanhisbedroom.（5）A.Onthesofa.B.Onthetable.C.Inherschoolbag.3．听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用"A"表示，不正确的用"B"表示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。PAGE1PAGE25（1）Jackhadanaccidentwhenhewastenyearsold.（2）Jackwashitbyacarandwaspulledalongtheroadforalmost30meters.（3）ThankstoMikeMiller，JackwasOKandcouldwalkagainthenextday.（4）Jack'sfamilyheldasurprisepartyforMike.（5）JackwantstobeapolicemanlikeMikewhenhegrowsup.4．听对话，根据对话内容完成下列句子，每空词数不限。对话读三遍。听对话前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。注意：请将答案填写在答题卡指定区域。（1）Whenwilltheschool'sEnvironmentalFestivalbeheld？Itwillbeheldnext______.（2）Howwillthemusicclubholdtheconcert？They'll______allthelightsassoonaspeoplesitdown.（3）Whatkindofmusicwillpeopleenjoy？The______musicfromthepianoandviolin.（4）Wherewilltheyholdtheconcert？Inthemusichall______thelibrary.（5）Howwilltheyinvitepeopletotheconcert？They'llonlymakeinvitationsonthe______inordertosavepaper.二、完形填空（共2小题，计8分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。每个选项只能使用一次，每框有一项剩余。5．（4分）A.hadtoB.unlessC.gotlostD.borrowE.ifAlongtimeago，therewasakindbusinessmannamedAntonioinVenice.Oneday，hisfriendBassaniowantedtoaskaladynamedPortiatomarryhim.Buthedidn'thaveanymoneytobuyclothesandtraveltohercity.Themanthentriedto（1）somemoneyfromhisfriendAntonio.However，Antoniohadspentallofhismoneyonsomeshipsatsea.SohedecidedtoborrowmoneyfromShylock，amoney﹣lender."Icanlendyoumoney，"saidShylock."But（2）youdon'treturnitontime，youmustgivemeapoundofyourownflesh（肉）."Antonioagreed.BassanioaskedPortiatomarryhimsuccessfully，butAntonio'sships（3）atsea.ThismeantthathehadnowaytoreturnthemoneytoShylock．He（4）faceShylockincourt（法庭）.PAGE1PAGE256．（4分）A.withoutB.cutoffC.herselfD.withE.punishedBassaniowantedtohelphisfriend，buthedidn'tknowwhattodo.ThenPortiadressed（1）upasamalelawyer（律师）andfollowedBassaniotothecourt.Shecheckedthecontract（合同）betweenShylockandAntonio.Then，shetoldthecourtthatShylockcould（2）onepoundofAntonio'sflesh.Buthehadtodoit（3）makingAntonioloseblood.This，ofcourse，wasimpossible.Thecourt（4）ShylockfortryingtokillAntonio.ThecourttookhalfofhismoneyandgavetheotherhalftoAntonio.三、阅读理解（共12题，计24分）7．（8分）WordsintheSnowInthetimeoftheYellowEmperor，therewerenowrittenwords.Peoplerecordedthingsbytyingknots（打结）inropesandcarving（雕刻）shapesonstonewalls.Oneday，theYellowEmperordiscussedaneventwithawisemannamedCangJie.Cangtookoutapieceofknottedrope，butfounditwasrotten（腐烂的）.Itwasimpossibleforhimtoremembertheeventclearly.Thenheturnedtoastonewall，butcouldhardlyreadtheshapesonit.Theyhadbeencarvedbyanotherpersonexcepthimself."Theropeswillberotten.Andtheshapescanonlybereadbyafewpeople，"theemperorsaidtoCang."Canyoucomeupwithsomethingbetter？"Cangthoughtoverthematterfordaysandnights.Onthemorningafteraheavysnowfall，theearthwascompletelywhite.Hesawthefootmarksofsomedifferentanimalsbyaccident.Thesefootmarkshelpedhimtorecognizewhatanimalshadpassedby.Cangsuddenlyhadanidea.Hepickedastickanddrewonthesnow﹣coveredground.Hefirstdrewatigerandabeartoshowthattheyhadpassedby.Butsoon，hefoundthiswastakingtoomuchtime.Herealizedthathehadtomakethedrawingseasier.Alltheshapesonthestonewallsflashedthroughhismind.Cangkeptmakingallkindsofshapesonthegroundeasier.Toshowthesun，forexample，heusedacirclewithadot（小点）inthemiddle.Ahalf﹣circleandaverticalline（竖线）madeupthemoon.Andthreecurves（曲线）wereusedtoshowwater.Later，thesunappeared.Thesesimplemarksshonebrightlyinthesnow.Intheend，Cangcreatedawholesetofsymbolstorecordthings.Peoplecouldeasilyunderstandthesesymbols.Sincethen，theyhavebeenabletorecordtheirownhistory.PAGE1PAGE25根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。（1）CangJiecouldn'tremembertheeventclearlybecausehecouldn't.A.recordthingsbytyingknotsinropesB.carveshapesonthestonewallsC.readtherottenropeortheshapesaboutit（2）Theunderlinedword"recognize"inParagraph4probablymeans"".A.knowB.praiseC.accept（3）InParagraph5，thewriterexplainsCang'ssimplemarksby.A.givingsomeadviceB.givingseveralexamplesC.askingafewquestions（4）Thepassagemainlytellsus.A.whatremindedCangJietouseshapesormarkstoshowdifferentthingsB.whyCangJiewasaskedtocomeupwithbetterwaystorecordthingsC.howCangJiecreatedawholesetofsymbolstorecordthings8．（8分）Migratorybirds（候鸟）flytodifferentplacesduringdifferentseasons.Theymayflydayandnightformonthsatatime.Duringthislongjourney，whenandhowdotheysleep？In2016，somescientistsstudiedagroupoffrigatebirds（军舰鸟）duringaten﹣dayflyingjourney.Theyfoundthatfrigatebirdscansleepwhilethey'reflying!Accordingtothisstudy，thesebirdstaketwokindsofshortsleep.ThefirstiscalledRapidEyeMovement（REM，快速动眼）sleep.Itisthedeepestperiodofsleep.Inushumans，REMsleepcancontinueformanyminutes.Forflyingbirds，however，REMsleepcontinuesforonlyafewseconds（秒）.Evenso，thisperiodofsleepisstillveryimportantfortheirbrainhealth.Theotherkindofshortsleepis"halfsleep".Frigatebirdsputonlyhalfoftheirbraintosleep，whiletheotherhalfstaysawake.Theeyesofthesebirdsarealwaysconnectedtothewakingpartoftheirbrain.Inotherwords，theysleepwiththeireyesopen.Itisstillalittledangeroustotakesuchashortsleep，though.So，thesebirdsprefertostayawakemostofthetime.Beforereachingland，theyspendlessthanthreepercentoftheirtimesleeping.However，notallmigratorybirdssleepinthisway.ManywillmakeseveralstopsontheirwaytogetagoodPAGE1PAGE25rest.Somestaycompletelyawakefortheirwholejourney.AlpineSwifts（高山雨燕），forexample，cankeepflyingfornearly200days.Therearefewsignsofthesebirdssleepingduringtheirlongtrips.Thesleepinghabitsofbirdsaredifferentfromspecies（物种）tospecies.Thismakesthestudyofmigratorybirdsveryexcitingforscientists.Inthefuture，wemaylearnmoreamazingthingsabouttheseanimals!根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。（1）Whatdoweknowaboutfrigatebirds？A.TheirREMsleepcontinuesformanyminutes.B.Theydon'tsleepduringtheirlongtrips.C.Theycansleepwiththeireyesopen.（2）Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage？（P＝Paragraph）A.B.C.（3）Afterthestudyofmigratorybirds，thescientistshavefound.A.thesleepinghabitsofbirdsaredifferentfromspeciestospeciesB.whymigratorybirdsflytodifferentplacesduringdifferentseasonsC.allmigratorybirdsspendalittletimesleepingduringalongjourneyPAGE1PAGE25（4）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage？A.AlpineSwifts'200﹣dayTripB.FrigateBirds'FlyingJourneyC.SleepingintheSky9．（8分）TheBirdMaskToday，doctorsknowalotabouthowtostopgerms（病菌）fromspreading.Theysuggestpeoplecovertheirmouthswhentheycough.Washingyourhandsoftenalsohelps.However，peoplehaven'talwaysknownaboutgerms.Formanyyears，evendoctorsdidn'treallyunderstandhowillnessesspread.（1）Somedoctorseventrieddressinglikebirds.In1619，theFrenchdoctor，CharlesdeLorme，inventedaspecialuniform.Hehopeditcouldprotectdoctorswhoweretreatingplague（瘟疫）patients.Theuniformhadalongcoat，gloves，boots（靴子）andahat.Thedoctorsalsocarriedstickssotheywouldn'thavetotouchthepatients.Themostspecialpartoftheuniformwasthemask（面具）.（2）Ithadabeak（鸟嘴）thatwasabout15cmlong.Therewerealsotwoeyeholescoveredinglassandtwonostril（鼻孔）holes.Atthattime，doctorsbelievedtheplaguewasspreadbybadair.Anyairthathadabadsmellwasdangerous.（3）Theybelievedthiscouldstopthemfrombreathingthebadairandtheywouldn'tgetsickbecauseoftheplague.Diditwork？Well，notreally.Certainlythegermssometimestraveledthroughtheair，andtheflowersweren'tabletostopthem.（4）Someformsofplagueonlyspreadthroughcertainanimalssuchasmice.Thedoctors'uniformhelpedtoprotectthemfromthisdanger.However，largelythecoat，gloves，bootsandhatdidthejob，notthebirdmask.根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。A.Thebirdmaskhelpedtoprotectthedoctorsfromthisdanger.B.Manydoctorsstillgotsickbybreathingthroughthenostrilholesintheirmasks.C.Themaskmadethedoctorslooklikebirds.D.Sothedoctorsputflowersinthebeakoftheirmasks.E.Theydidmanythingstoavoidgettingsick.PAGE1PAGE25四、词形转换（共8小题，每小题1分，计8分）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空限填一词。10．（1分）Mygardenisverynice.（grandmother）11．（1分）Theheadmasterwillstudythereportbeforemakingadecision.（careful）12．（1分）TwoChinesehavebeentospacesofar.They'reLiuYangandWangYaping.（woman）13．（1分）WhenDavegoesbackhomefromschool，hisdogalwaysgreetshimatthedoorwith.（excite）14．（1分）It'ssaidthatinthefuturetherewillbelongersummersandwintersthanbefore.（short）15．（1分）Teenagerswillfeelandevengetangryifsomeonereadstheirdiaries.（comfortable）16．（1分）Babypandasonlyabout0.1to0.2kiloswhenthey'reborn.（weight）17．（1分）Ittookaround120hourstoprintthis3Dhousewhileitusuallytakesaroundonetotwoyearstobuildahouseintheway.（tradition）五、动词应用（共7题，计7分）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。18．（7分）OneLeaf，OneWorldMaybeyouknowChinesepapercutting，buthaveyoueverheardofleaf﹣cuttingart？Inautumnandwinter，manystreets（1）（cover）infallenleaves.Mostofusprobablyjustpassoverthemwithoutpayingmuchattention.ButnotKanatNurtazin，anartistfromKazakhstan（哈萨克斯坦）.Hewillpickupsomefallenleavesandcutbeautifulartworksoutofthem.Kanatworksatauniversity.He（2）（keep）drawingasahobbytostaycreativesince2013.Thislong﹣timehobbyhasalsoallowedhim（3）（express）himselfthroughart.In2013，Kanat（4）（start）aprojectcalled"100MethodsofDrawing".Inthisproject，hetriestousedifferentmaterialsandskillstocreateartworks.Amongallthesecreativepaintings，leaf﹣cuttingartPAGE1PAGE25（5）（be）oneofhisfavorites.Tomakeleafart，Kanatfirstchoosesaleaffromhiscollection.Then，hesimply（6）（imagine）afunnystoryoralivelymoment（时刻）.Hedrawsitonapieceofpaperandsticksthepapertotheleaf.Afterthegluedries，Kanatusesarazor（剃须刀）tocutoutthepattern（图案）ontheleaf.Finally，theartistfindsabeautifulbackgroundtotakepicturesoftheleaf.Andthis"leafstory"willbesharedonline.Aleaf'slifeisshort.Butifyoulookatitwithyourcreativeeyes，likeKanatdoes，youtoocangivetheleafasecondlifeby（7）（make）ittellaninterestingstory!六、阅读表达（共5题，计10分）19．（10分）阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。RobFrenette，aCanadianboy，wasoftenbullied（欺凌）atschool.Hewasoftenlonelyandscared.Whenhewasfifteen，however，hedecidedtodosomethingabouthisproblems.Hewalkedintoanewspaperofficeandtoldthemaboutthebullying.Hisstorywentintothenewspaperandsoon，alltheTVstationsinCanadawantedtotalktohimabouthisexperiences.Theyalsowantedtohearhisideasabouthowtostopbullying.Inhisfreetimeafterschool，Robhelpsotherpeoplewithbullyingproblems.WithhisfriendKatieNeu，hesetupthewebsitewww.bullyingcanada.ca.Onthewebsite，visitorscanfindadvice，storiesandpoemsaboutbullying，inbothEnglishandFrench.Whenpeopleareupset，theycantalkonthephoneoronlinetoRobandhisteam.Everyweekend，Robanswerse﹣mailsfrompeoplewhohavebeenbulliedatschool.HealsospeakstochildrenandteachersaroundCanadaaboutbullying.Rob'smostimportantmessageis："Whenyou'rebullied，there'snothingwrongwithyou.So，keeptrustingyourself.Andrememberthattherearepeoplewhocareaboutyourproblems.Youjusthavetofindthosepeople."OneofRob'sideasis"BlueDay"，aspecialdaythatworkstostoptheproblemofbullyinginschools.Onthatday，studentshavetowearblueclothes，andinclass，theylearnhowtostopbullyingfromhappening.Morethan150CanadianschoolsnowcelebrateBlueDay.Robsayshewon'tstopuntilthereisBlueDayineveryschoolinCanada.（1）WhydidRobFrenetteoftenfeellonelyandscared？（2）HowdidRobsolvehisproblemsattheageoffifteen？（3）ListtwowaysRobhelpsotherpeoplewithbullyingproblems.PAGE1PAGE25（4）WhatdoyouthinkofRobFrenette？Andwhy？（5）Whatcanyoulearnfromthestory？七、补全对话（共4题，计8分）阅读下面对话，在每个空白处填入一个适当的句子，使对话完整，合乎情境。20．（8分）Tina：Kate，youshowedanoldphotoonWeChatyesterday.Therearetwokidsandtheirparentsinit.Isthatyourfamilyphoto？Kate：Yes，itis.Tina：（1）？Kate：Itwastakenin2018.Tina：Isthatlittlebabyinthephotoyouryoungersister？Kate：Yes，sheisalovelygirl.Whataboutyou？Doyouhaveabrotherorsister？Tina：（2）.Iamtheonlychildinmyfamily.Kate：Really？Howdoesitfeeltobeanonlychild？（3）？Tina：No，Ihaven't.I'veneverfeltlonely.Ihavetwocousinswholivenearby.They'rejustlikemybrothers.Kate：MycousinsliveinQingdao.Wedon'tseeeachotheroften.Tina：Whatapity!MayIaskwhatyourparentsdo？Kate：Myfatherisanengineerandmymotherisadoctor.Whataboutyourparents？Tina：Myfatherisacomputerprogrammer.Heisgoodatcomputer.（4）.Sheteachesartatalocalschool.They'reverybusy，buttheyalwaysmaketimeforme.Ithinkfamilyisthemostvaluablethingintheworld.Kate：Iagree.八、书面表达（计15分）21．（15分）假定你是李嘉，请阅读下面的邮件，用英语表示愿意帮忙并根据邮件内容回复。可以适当发挥。要求：（1）词数80左右，开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；（2）语言通顺，条理清楚，书写规范；（3）文中不要出现任何真实人名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分。DearLiJia，PAGE1PAGE25How'sitgoing？We'redoingaprojectatschoolabouthowteenagersaroundtheworldrelax.I'dreallylikeyoutohelpme，ifyoucan!So，canyoutellme：﹣whatisyourfavoritewaytorelax？﹣howlongyou'vedoneit？﹣howoftenyoudoit？﹣whetherrelaxingisimportantandwhy？Thanksverymuch，andwritesoon!BertDearBert，Thanksforyoure﹣mail._______Bestwishes!LiJiaPAGE1PAGE25一、听力测试（共4小题，计20分）略二、完形填空（共2小题，计8分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。每个选项只能使用一次，每框有一项剩余。5．（4分）A.hadtoB.unlessC.gotlostD.borrowE.ifAlongtimeago，therewasakindbusinessmannamedAntonioinVenice.Oneday，hisfriendBassaniowantedtoaskaladynamedPortiatomarryhim.Buthedidn'thaveanymoneytobuyclothesandtraveltohercity.Themanthentriedto（1）DsomemoneyfromhisfriendAntonio.However，Antoniohadspentallofhismoneyonsomeshipsatsea.SohedecidedtoborrowmoneyfromShylock，amoney﹣lender."Icanlendyoumoney，"saidShylock."But（2）Eyoudon'treturnitontime，youmustgivemeapoundofyourownflesh（肉）."Antonioagreed.BassanioaskedPortiatomarryhimsuccessfully，butAntonio'sships（3）Catsea.ThismeantthathehadnowaytoreturnthemoneytoShylock．He（4）AfaceShylockincourt（法庭）.【分析】安托尼准备帮朋友时没钱了，就为朋友做担保让朋友问放债人夏洛克借钱，这个放债人夏洛克很讨厌安托尼，以一磅肉作为违约金，安托尼答应了，因为他知道自己不会违约。【解答】细节理解题（1）句意：然后这个人试图从他的朋友安东尼奥那里借一些钱。borrow...from向……借……，故选D。（2）句意：但如果你不按时还，你必须给我一磅你自己的肉。根据youdon'treturnitontime（你没有按时归还）可知这是条件状语从句，用if引导，故选E。（3）句意：巴萨尼奥向波西亚求婚成功了，但安东尼奥的船在大海中迷失了方向。根据可ThismeantthathehadnowaytoreturnthemoneytoShylock.（这意味着他没有办法把钱还给夏洛克了。）可知，安东尼奥的船在大海中迷失了方向。故选C。（4）句意：他不得不在法庭上面对夏洛克。根据ThismeantthathehadnowaytoreturnthemoneytoShylock.（这意味着他没有办法把钱还给夏洛克了。）所以他不得不在法庭上面对夏洛克。故选A。【点评】选择词语时，在理解文章大意的前提下，应该注意文章及句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置。通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求。6．（4分）A.withoutB.cutoffC.herselfD.withE.punishedBassaniowantedtohelphisfriend，buthedidn'tknowwhattodo.ThenPortiadressed（1）CupasamalePAGE1PAGE25lawyer（律师）andfollowedBassaniotothecourt.Shecheckedthecontract（合同）betweenShylockandAntonio.Then，shetoldthecourtthatShylockcould（2）BonepoundofAntonio'sflesh.Buthehadtodoit（3）AmakingAntonioloseblood.This，ofcourse，wasimpossible.Thecourt（4）EShylockfortryingtokillAntonio.ThecourttookhalfofhismoneyandgavetheotherhalftoAntonio.【分析】文章介绍了巴塞尼奥想办法帮助朋友的故事。【解答】细节理解题（1）句意：然后波西亚把自己打扮成一个男律师，跟着巴萨尼奥来到了法庭。dresssbupas把某人打扮成……，故选C。（2）句意：然后，她告诉法庭夏洛克可以从安东尼奥身上割下一磅肉。根据onepoundofAntonio'sflesh（一磅安东尼奥的肉）可知是指割下一磅肉。故选B。（3）句意：但是他必须在不让安东尼奥流血的情况下这么做。withoutdoingsth没有某事。故选A。（4）句意：法庭因夏洛克试图杀死安东尼奥而惩罚了他。根据fortryingtokillAntonio（因为他想杀安东尼奥）可知，法庭因夏洛克试图杀死安东尼奥而惩罚了他。故选E。【点评】选择词语时，在理解文章大意的前提下，应该注意文章及句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置。通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求。三、阅读理解（共12题，计24分）7．（8分）WordsintheSnowInthetimeoftheYellowEmperor，therewerenowrittenwords.Peoplerecordedthingsbytyingknots（打结）inropesandcarving（雕刻）shapesonstonewalls.Oneday，theYellowEmperordiscussedaneventwithawisemannamedCangJie.Cangtookoutapieceofknottedrope，butfounditwasrotten（腐烂的）.Itwasimpossibleforhimtoremembertheeventclearly.Thenheturnedtoastonewall，butcouldhardlyreadtheshapesonit.Theyhadbeencarvedbyanotherpersonexcepthimself."Theropeswillberotten.Andtheshapescanonlybereadbyafewpeople，"theemperorsaidtoCang."Canyoucomeupwithsomethingbetter？"Cangthoughtoverthematterfordaysandnights.Onthemorningafteraheavysnowfall，theearthwascompletelywhite.Hesawthefootmarksofsomedifferentanimalsbyaccident.Thesefootmarkshelpedhimtorecognizewhatanimalshadpassedby.Cangsuddenlyhadanidea.Hepickedastickanddrewonthesnow﹣coveredground.Hefirstdrewatigerandabeartoshowthattheyhadpassedby.Butsoon，hefoundthisPAGE1PAGE25wastakingtoomuchtime.Herealizedthathehadtomakethedrawingseasier.Alltheshapesonthestonewallsflashedthroughhismind.Cangkeptmakingallkindsofshapesonthegroundeasier.Toshowthesun，forexample，heusedacirclewithadot（小点）inthemiddle.Ahalf﹣circleandaverticalline（竖线）madeupthemoon.Andthreecurves（曲线）wereusedtoshowwater.Later，thesunappeared.Thesesimplemarksshonebrightlyinthesnow.Intheend，Cangcreatedawholesetofsymbolstorecordthings.Peoplecouldeasilyunderstandthesesymbols.Sincethen，theyhavebeenabletorecordtheirownhistory.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。（1）CangJiecouldn'tremembertheeventclearlybecausehecouldn'tC.A.recordthingsbytyingknotsinropesB.carveshapesonthestonewallsC.readtherottenropeortheshapesaboutit（2）Theunderlinedword"recognize"inParagraph4probablymeans"A".A.knowB.praiseC.accept（3）InParagraph5，thewriterexplainsCang'ssimplemarksbyB.A.givingsomeadviceB.givingseveralexamplesC.askingafewquestions（4）ThepassagemainlytellsusC.A.whatremindedCangJietouseshapesormarkstoshowdifferentthingsB.whyCangJiewasaskedtocomeupwithbetterwaystorecordthingsC.howCangJiecreatedawholesetofsymbolstorecordthings【分析】文章讲述了CangJie是如何创造出一整套符号来记录事物的。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Cangtookoutapieceofknottedrope，butfounditwasrotten（腐烂的）.Itwasimpossibleforhimtoremembertheeventclearly.（Cang拿出一根打结的绳子，却发现已经烂了，不可能把那件事记得很清楚。）可知，CangJie记不太清了，因为他看不清那根烂绳子，也看不清绳子的形状。故选C。（2）单词释义题。根据ThesefootmarkshelpedhimtorecognizewhatanimalshadpassedPAGE1PAGE25by.（这些脚印帮助他辨认出哪些动物走过。）可知划线单词的意思是"辨认，了解"。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据Toshowthesun，forexample，heusedacirclewithadotinthemiddle.（例如，他用一个中间有个点的圆来表示太阳。）可知，在第5段中，作者通过几个例子来解释仓的简单标记。故选B。（4）主旨大意题。根据Intheend，Cangcreatedawholesetofsymbolstorecordthings.Peoplecouldeasilyunderstandthesesymbols.Sincethen，theyhavebeenabletorecordtheirownhistory.（最后，Cang创造了一整套符号来记录事物。人们很容易理解这些符号。从那时起，他们已经能够记录自己的历史。）可知，文章讲述了CangJie是如何创造出一整套符号来记录事物的。故选C。【点评】本文是一篇阅读选择题，做题时要先通读短文，弄清楚短文大意，然后在文中找出相关句子，根据句子选择正确答案。8．（8分）Migratorybirds（候鸟）flytodifferentplacesduringdifferentseasons.Theymayflydayandnightformonthsatatime.Duringthislongjourney，whenandhowdotheysleep？In2016，somescientistsstudiedagroupoffrigatebirds（军舰鸟）duringaten﹣dayflyingjourney.Theyfoundthatfrigatebirdscansleepwhilethey'reflying!Accordingtothisstudy，thesebirdstaketwokindsofshortsleep.ThefirstiscalledRapidEyeMovement（REM，快速动眼）sleep.Itisthedeepestperiodofsleep.Inushumans，REMsleepcancontinueformanyminutes.Forflyingbirds，however，REMsleepcontinuesforonlyafewseconds（秒）.Evenso，thisperiodofsleepisstillveryimportantfortheirbrainhealth.Theotherkindofshortsleepis"halfsleep".Frigatebirdsputonlyhalfoftheirbraintosleep，whiletheotherhalfstaysawake.Theeyesofthesebirdsarealwaysconnectedtothewakingpartoftheirbrain.Inotherwords，theysleepwiththeireyesopen.Itisstillalittledangeroustotakesuchashortsleep，though.So，thesebirdsprefertostayawakemostofthetime.Beforereachingland，theyspendlessthanthreepercentoftheirtimesleeping.However，notallmigratorybirdssleepinthisway.Manywillmakeseveralstopsontheirwaytogetagoodrest.Somestaycompletelyawakefortheirwholejourney.AlpineSwifts（高山雨燕），forexample，cankeepflyingfornearly200days.Therearefewsignsofthesebirdssleepingduringtheirlongtrips.Thesleepinghabitsofbirdsaredifferentfromspecies（物种）tospecies.Thismakesthestudyofmigratorybirdsveryexcitingforscientists.Inthefuture，wemaylearnmoreamazingthingsabouttheseanimals!根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。（1）Whatdoweknowaboutfrigatebirds？CPAGE1PAGE25A.TheirREMsleepcontinuesformanyminutes.B.Theydon'tsleepduringtheirlongtrips.C.Theycansleepwiththeireyesopen.（2）Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage？（P＝Paragraph）BA.B.C.（3）Afterthestudyofmigratorybirds，thescientistshavefoundA.A.thesleepinghabitsofbirdsaredifferentfromspeciestospeciesB.whymigratorybirdsflytodifferentplacesduringdifferentseasonsC.allmigratorybirdsspendalittletimesleepingduringalongjourney（4）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage？CA.AlpineSwifts'200﹣dayTripB.FrigateBirds'FlyingJourneyC.SleepingintheSky【分析】材料主要介绍了一种在飞行时睡觉的鸟。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据原文Inotherwords，theysleepwiththeireyesopen.（换句话说，他们是睁着眼睛睡觉的。）可知他们可以睁着眼睛睡觉。故选C。PAGE1PAGE25（2）文章结构题。根据原文Duringthislongjourney，whenandhowdotheysleep？（他们什么时候睡觉，怎么睡觉？）可知第一段提出问题；Accordingtothisstudy，thesebirdstaketwokindsofshortsleep.（他们发现军舰鸟可以在飞行时睡觉!根据这项研究，这些鸟有两种短睡眠。）第二段介绍结论；ThefirstiscalledRapidEyeMovement（REM，快速动眼）sleep.（第一种被称为快速眼动睡眠）Theotherkindofshortsleepis"halfsleep".（另一种短睡眠是"半睡眠"。）第三、四段分别介绍结论中的两种睡眠；However，notallmigratorybirdssleepinthisway.（然而，并不是所有的候鸟都这样睡觉。）第五段介绍了其他少数鸟的睡眠方式；Thesleepinghabitsofbirdsaredifferentfromspecies（物种）tospecies.（鸟类的睡眠习惯因物种而异。）最后一段总结。综上，只有B选项符合题意。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据原文Thesleepinghabitsofbirdsaredifferentfromspecies（物种）tospecies.（鸟类的睡眠习惯因物种而异。）可知鸟类的睡眠习惯因物种而异。故选A。（4）标题判断题。根据原文Theyfoundthatfrigatebirdscansleepwhilethey'reflying!（他们发现军舰鸟可以在飞行时睡觉!）可知材料主要介绍了一种在飞行时睡觉的鸟。C选项符合题意，故选C。【点评】做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。9．（8分）TheBirdMaskToday，doctorsknowalotabouthowtostopgerms（病菌）fromspreading.Theysuggestpeoplecovertheirmouthswhentheycough.Washingyourhandsoftenalsohelps.However，peoplehaven'talwaysknownaboutgerms.Formanyyears，evendoctorsdidn'treallyunderstandhowillnessesspread.（1）ESomedoctorseventrieddressinglikebirds.In1619，theFrenchdoctor，CharlesdeLorme，inventedaspecialuniform.Hehopeditcouldprotectdoctorswhoweretreatingplague（瘟疫）patients.Theuniformhadalongcoat，gloves，boots（靴子）andahat.Thedoctorsalsocarriedstickssotheywouldn'thavetotouchthepatients.Themostspecialpartoftheuniformwasthemask（面具）.（2）CIthadabeak（鸟嘴）thatwasabout15cmlong.Therewerealsotwoeyeholescoveredinglassandtwonostril（鼻孔）holes.Atthattime，doctorsbelievedtheplaguewasspreadbybadair.Anyairthathadabadsmellwasdangerous.（3）DTheybelievedthiscouldstopthemfrombreathingthebadairandtheywouldn'tgetsickbecauseoftheplague.Diditwork？Well，notreally.Certainlythegermssometimestraveledthroughtheair，andtheflowersweren'tabletostopthem.（4）BPAGE1PAGE25Someformsofplagueonlyspreadthroughcertainanimalssuchasmice.Thedoctors'uniformhelpedtoprotectthemfromthisdanger.However，largelythecoat，gloves，bootsandhatdidthejob，notthebirdmask.根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。A.Thebirdmaskhelpedtoprotectthedoctorsfromthisdanger.B.Manydoctorsstillgotsickbybreathingthroughthenostrilholesintheirmasks.C.Themaskmadethedoctorslooklikebirds.D.Sothedoctorsputflowersinthebeakoftheirmasks.E.Theydidmanythingstoavoidgettingsick.【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了医生发明的鸟形面罩来阻止细菌的传播。【解答】细节推理题。（1）根据上文Formanyyears，evendoctorsdidn'treallyunderstandhowillnessesspread.（多年来，即使是医生也没有真正了解疾病是如何传播的。）可知说的是疾病的传播。结合选项可知，E项，他们做了很多事情来避免生病。符合题意。故选E。（2）根据下文Ithadabeakthatwasabout15cmlong.Therewerealsotwoeyeholescoveredinglassandtwonostrilholes.（它有一个长约15厘米的喙。还有两个被玻璃覆盖的眼孔和两个鼻孔。）可知，说的是面罩的形状。结合选项可知，C项，面具使医生看起来像鸟。符合题意。故选C。（3）根据下文Theybelievedthiscouldstopthemfrombreathingthebadairandtheywouldn'tgetsickbecauseoftheplague.（他们相信这可以阻止他们呼吸恶劣的空气，并且他们不会因为瘟疫而生病。）可知，说的是阻止呼吸恶劣空气。结合选项可知，D项，所以医生们把鲜花放在面罩的喙里。符合题意。故选D。（4）根据上文Certainlythegermssometimestraveledthroughtheair，andtheflowersweren'tabletostopPAGE1PAGE25them.（当然，细菌有时会在空气中传播，而鲜花无法阻止它们。）可知，说的是鲜花无法阻止细菌的传播。结合选项可知，B项，许多医生仍然通过口罩上的鼻孔呼吸而生病。符合题意。故选B。【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。四、词形转换（共8小题，每小题1分，计8分）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空限填一词。10．（1分）Mygrandmother'sgardenisverynice.（grandmother）【分析】我奶奶的花园很漂亮。【解答】根据题干，可知此处是名词所有格，修饰名词garden。故答案为：grandmother's。【点评】本题考查单词填空，首先要根据语境明确句意，然后再根据相关语法给出答案。11．（1分）Theheadmasterwillstudythereportcarefullybeforemakingadecision.（careful）【分析】校长将仔细研究这份报告，然后再作出决定。【解答