2022年河南省高考英语模拟试卷（5月份）（附答案详解）

2022年河南省高考英语模拟试卷（5月份）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Followthisfour-dayroute,andyou'llloseyourselfinthewizardingworldofHarryPotter.

Day1OverviewEdinburgh

ItwasinScotland'scapitalcitythatJ.K.RowlingstartedtoplottheadventuresofHarryandhis

pals.Withstonedstreets,windingalleysandmedieval（中世纪的）architecture,thecity

certainlyhasafewthingsincommonwiththesettingsfromthebooksandfilms.Shewrotethe

earlychaptersinvariouscafesaroundthecitysOldTowns.

Day2OverviewtraveltoFortWilliam

TravelbytrainfromEdinburghtoGlasgow.Fromthere,youcantaketheWestHigh-landLine

toFortWilliam.Thisisagreatwaytoseesomefamousspotsfromthewindow,includingthe

mysteriousRannochMoor,theplacewhereDeathEatersboardthetraininthemovieHarry

PotterandTheDeathlyHallows.

Day3OverviewallaboardtheHogwartsExpress

WitnessthesweepingcinematicsceneryofthemovieHarryPotterbybookingaseatonthe

JacobiteSteamTrain.StopforlunchinMallaigandthenmakethereturnjourneytoFort

William.Pleasebesuretobookthesteamtraininadvance,asitisverypopuiar.Bytheway,it

runsseasonally.

Day4Overviewlakesandglens（峡谷）

Inthefilms,mysterious,mistylandscapesframethebackgroundofHarry*stale,soit'sno

suiprisethatthefilmproducerschosetheHighlandsformanyscenes.Spendadaywandering

throughsomeofthesebeautifulspotsandfeelthemagicalatmosphere.

1.WheredidJ.K.RowlingcreateHarryPotteratfirst?

A.InEdinburgh.B.InMallaig.

C.InGlasgow.D.InFortWilliam.

2.WhatshouldyoupayattentiontoiftakingtheJacobiteSteamTrain?

A.Reviewingthemovie.

B.Bookingticketsinadvance.

C.Bringinglunchaheadoftime.

D.Buyingonewayticketspecially.

3.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperwillyoureadthetext?

A.CurrentAffairs.B.Technology.

C.Tours.D.Biography.

B

Forhis86thbirthday,ChengXiangwenenjoyedacorn-shapedcakehiscolleagueshad

preparedforhim."Mybirthdaywishistodevelopbettercomvarieties/hesays.Afterthe

celebration,hebegananotherjourneytoSanya,inSouthChina'sHainanProvince,wherehehas

workedmostofhislife.Chengisascientistinagricultureandspendsmostofhislifestudying

andcultivating（栽培）corn.HevisitsSanyainNovembereveryyearandstaysthereforsix

monthstocultivatecorn.

Once,whenhewasconductingafieldsurvey,afemalefarmersaidtohimintears,"You

graduatedfromcollege.Couldyoupleasefindawaytoincreasethecornoutputhere?Ifthe

yields（产量）arehigher,ourchildrenwillnolongersufferfromhunger."Sincethen,Cheng

hasmadedevelopinghigh-yieldcomvarietieshislifesmission.

In1964.hecametoHainan,whereitwaswarmer,andstartedhisworkthere.Hegreatly

shortenedthecultivationperiodandcreatedhybridcornvarietiesforthefirsttime.withthese

newvarietiesfarmersinXunxianCountysawtheiraveragecomoutputwasmorethan3,750

kgperhectareperyear.

Despitethebeautifulcoastline,theenvironmentwhereChengworksusedtobetroubledby

povertyandpoortraffic.Localsoncedescribedtheareaashavingalargenumberof

rats.mosquitoes,andpoisonoussnakes.Atthattime,hedideverythingonhisown.Helivedina

localvillager'shouseandhefrequentlywenttothemountainstochopfirewoodtocook.His

hardwork,however,haspaidoff.Now,authoritieshaveapproved14new,high-yieldcorn

varietiesChenghelpeddevelop.

Chengisdedicatedtodevelopinghigh-yieldcornvarietieswithstrongerresistanceandtheyare

easiertoharvestwithmachines.Hestillgoestothefieldseachdayandobservesandrecordsthe

cornplants."Cultivatingseedsislikeraisingkids.Onlybycarefulparentingcanyoubecome

familiarwiththeirstrengthsandweaknessesandhelpthemtogrowuphealthily,"hesays.

4.WhatcanweinferaboutChengaccordingtoparagraph1?

第2页，共21页

A.HewasborninHainanProvince.

B.HeworksinSanyaforlessthanhalfayear.

C.Herestedforalongtimeafterhisbirthday.

D.Hewantstodevelophigher-yieldcornvarieties.

5.InwhichparagraphcanweknowthecauseofCheng'slife'smission?

A.Paragraph1.B.Paragraph2.C.Paragraph3D.Paragraph4.

6.WhatkindofdifficultydidChengmeetwithinHainan?

A.Unbearablehotweather.

B.Buildingahousewithouthelp.

C.Livingonpoisonouscreatures.

D.Theterriblelivingconditionsandsurroundings.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCheng?

A.Hard-workinganddetermined.B.Calmandcaring.

C.Fairandsympathetic.D.Kindandgenerous.

c

Whenaheavystormhit,residentsofthefloatingcommunityofSchoonschipinAmsterdamhad

littledoubtaboutwhethertheycouldrideitout.Theytieduptheirbikesandoutdoor

benches,andcheckedinwithneighborstoensureeveryonehadenoughfoodandwaterastheir

neighborhoodslidupanddownitssteelfoundationalpillars（支柱）,risingalongwiththe

waterandgoingbacktoitsoriginalpositionaftertherainstopped.

HWefeelsaferinastormbecausewearefloating,"saysSitiBoelen,aDutchtelevisionproducer

whomovedintoSchoonschiptwoyearsago.Assealevelsriseandsuperchargedstormscause

waterstorise,floatingneighborhoodsofferanexperimentinflooddefensethatcouldallow

coastalcommunitiestobetterfightagainstclimatechange.

Afloatinghousecanbeconstructedonanyshorelineandisabletodealwithrisingseasby

remainingonthetopofthewater'ssurface.Unlikehouseboats,whichcaneasilybemovedand

relocated,floatinghomesarefixedtotheshoreandareusuallyconnectedtothelocalsewer（污

水管道）systemandpowergrid.Theyarestructurallysimilartohousesbuiltonland,but

insteadofabasement,theyhaveaconcretehull（船体）thatactsasacounterbalance,allowing

themtoremainstableinthewater.

Severewindandrain,oreventhepassingoflargecruiseships,canmakethebuildingsrock.Siti

BoelenjheSchoonschipresident,saysthatwhenshefirstmovedin,stonnyweathermadeher

thinktwice.nYoufeelitinyourstomach,"shesays,addingthatshehasgottenusedtothe

feeling.Floatinghomesalsorequireextrainfrastructureandworktoconnecttotheelectricity

gridandsewersystem.

Butthebenefitsmayoutweighthecosts."Iftherearefloods,itsexpectedthatmanypeoplewill

movetohigherground.Butthealternativeistostayclosetocoastalcitiesandexplore

expansionontothewater,"saysRutgerdeGraaf."Ifyouconsiderthatinthesecondhalfofthe

centuryhundredsofmillionsofpeoplewillbedisplacedbysealevelrise,weneedtostartnow

toincreasethescaleoffloatingdevelopments.

8.Whatdidlocalresidentsthinkwhenaheavystormhit?

A.Theycouldgetthroughit.

B.Theycouldcontroltheflood.

C.Theycouldgetsomebikesafterit.

D.Theycouldgainenoughfoodinit.

9.WhatcanweknowaboutSitiBoelen?

A.Shehasasenseofsecurityinastorm.

B.Shegetsalongwellwithherneighbors.

C.ShehasproducedTVsetsusedinthestorm.

D.Shemakescontributionstodefendingagainstflood.

10.Howdoestheauthordescribethefloatinghousesinparagraph3?

A.Bylistingfigures.B.Bygivingexamples.

C.Byanalyzingreasons.D.Bymakingcomparisons.

11.What'sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theimpactsofstormyweather.

B.Thesignificanceofthinkingtwice.

C.Thehighercostsofbuildinghouses.

D.Thechallengesfacedbyfloatinghouses.

D

Withthehelpofnewdevicesonmice,scientistsareusinglighttoswitchnervecellsonandoff

inmice'sbrainstoexploretheanimals*socialbehavior,anewstudyshows.

Thenewdevicesrelyonoptogenetics（光遗传学），atechniqueinwhichresearchersuse

burstsoflighttostimulateorcontrolthebrainnervecells,oftenusingtailoredvirusesto

geneticallycorrectcellssotheyrespondtolight.Scientistshaveappliedoptogeneticstoexplore

第4页，共21页

neural（神经的）circuitsinmiceandotherlabanimalstocometoaconclusiononhowthey

mightworkinhumans.Optogeneticdevicesoftenfeedlighttoneuronsviafiberoptic

cables,butsuchthingscaninfluencenaturalbehaviorsandsocialinteractions.Whilescientists

recentlydevelopedimplantable（可植人的）wirelessoptogeneticdevices,thesedependon

relativelysimpleremotecontrolsorlimitedsetsofpreprogrammedinstructions.

Thesenewfullyimplantableoptogeneticdevicescanenablemorecomplex

research.Specifically,theresearcherscanadjusteachdevice'sprogrammingduringthecourse

ofexperiment.nSoyoucantargetwhatananimaldoesinamuchmorecomplexway."says

GeniaKozorovitskiy,aresearcheratNorthwesternUniversity.

Thesedevicesarebatteryfree,wirelesslypoweredbythesamehighfrequencyradiowaves

usedtOremotelycontroltheintensitydurationandtimingofthelightpulses.Thedevicesalso

allowscientiststocontrolfourdifferentneuralcircuitsinananimal.thankstoLEDsthatgive

outfourcolors—blue,green,yellowandred-insteadofjustone.

Thewidelyavailablewirelesstechnologyusedinthiswork,thesamenowusedincontactless

paymentwithcreditcards,couldallowbroadadoptionacrosstheneurosciencecommunity

"withoutextensivespecializedhardware",saysPhilippGutrufattheUniversityof

Arizona."Thatmeansthatwemightseethesedevicesinmanylabsinthenearfuture,enabling

newdiscoveries."

12.What'sscientists'purposeofusingoptogenetics?

A.Tocontrolhumans*brainnervecells.

B.Toaccountforhumans*socialinteractions.

C.Tofigureouthowneuralcircuitsaffecthumans.

D.Tocorrecttailoredvirusesenteringthehumanbodies.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"simultaneously"inparagraph4mean?

A.Onceinawhile.B.Atthesametime.

C.Byonesandtwos.D.Onaregularbasis.

14.WhatcanweinferfromPhilippGutrufswords?

A.Thefunctionofwirelesstechnology.

B.Thepromisingfutureofthedevices.

C.Thenovelapplicationofthedevices.

D.Thedevelopmentofwirelesstechnology.

15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ScientistsCanKillMicewithLight.

B.ScientistsControlHumans1SocialInteractions.

C.ScientistsControlSocialBehaviorofMicewithNewDevices.

D.ScientistsCanRecordHumanNeuralCircuitswithNewDevices.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)

You'dliketoexercisemore,onlytofindthatyoudon'thavethetime,can'taffordexpensive

lessonsorconcernaboutinjuriesonyourbody.(1)Withwalking,however,youcanfullyenjoy

yourselfinmultipleways.

Youcanget"me"time.Headingoutbyyourselfcanbeagoodwaytoescapethedemandsand

expectationsthatoccupymuchofyourtime.Asyouwalk,youcanclearyourhead,relax,and

reflect.(2)

Youcandoitwithothers.⑶It'sagreatwaytocatchuporgettoknowsomeonebetter.Andif

youneedtohaveatoughconversationwithsomeone,trydoingitwhilewalking.Striding(跨

步)sidebysidecanmakediscussionseasierbecauseyouYemorerelaxedthanwhenyouYe

sittingfacetoface.

Youcanenjoythegiftofnature.(4)Walkingisagreatwaytogetoutinnature.

Youcangainanewviewpoint.Theworldisdifferentwhenyouviewitat3mphinsteadof25or

30mph.Youmightdiscoveraninterestingshop,observecomplexarchitecture,ormeeta

friendlyperson.(5)StanfordUniversityresearchersfoundthatpeoplegeneratedtwiceasmany

creativeresponsestoproblemswhenwalkingcomparedwithsitting.

A.Youcandoitanywhere.

B.Youcanbemorecreative.

C.Forsomepeople,exercisefeelslikehardlabor.

D.Peoplewalklessiftheylivenearparksorpaths.

E.Itcanbevaluable,allowingyoutoreturnrefreshed.

F.Invitefamily,friends,orco-workerstojoinyouforawalk.

G.Spendingtimeinparksornearwatercanimproveyourmood.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

第6页，共21页

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

Ihavebeenhelpingmywifethroughsomedifficultmedicalprocedures.Aftermywife*s6-hour

surgery,(21jherinsomuchdiscomfort,pain,andsuffering,!couldn'texpressmy(22)beyond

wordstothepoint.I(23)wantedtobeabletosharesomeofher(24).

Afterknowingthather(25)didn'tallowhertoeatasinglemorsel(块)offoodduringthefirst

3days,itreally(26)mejusthowlongwecangowithoutfoodandnotdamageour(27).1decided

togivehersome(28)supportbynoteatingfor3days.Notthatshesaidonewordof(29)inthat

timebutthatIknewitwould(30)ustobeinthistogether.Tobehonest,!did,(3Donesmall

saladeveryday.Ihadto(32)mysel€sothatIcouldcontinuetohave(33)tobethereforher.The

bestisthatI'verealizedwhatwereallycandoforeachother.The(34)Icantakeonformywife

hasmademe(35)howmuchwecouldtakeonforourselves.We(36)toavoidpain,discomfort

anddifficultsituationsevenwhenweknowitwouldbe(37)forustogothroughthehardtimes

togettoabetterplaceinourlives.Ifwewillgothroughsomuchbecauseofourlovefbr

another(38)couldntwedothisforthe(39)ofourselves?

Thenexttimeyou(40)totakeonabigchallenge,doloveyourselfenoughtodothistomake

yourlifebetter.

21.A.blamingB.observingC.missingD.debating

22.A.sympathyB.proposalC.demandD.dream

23.A.eventuallyB.temporarilyC.desperatelyD.thankfully

24.A.pleasantnessB.urgencyC.cautionD.pain

25.A.problemB.comfortC.fitnessD.condition

26.A.hitB.putC.由rewD.disturbed

27.A.healthB.diseaseC.lifeD.fortune

28.A.ordinaryB.greatC.spiritualD.devoted

29.A.troubleB.complaintC.understandingD.meaning

30.A.forbidB.troubleC.helpD.persuade

31.A.getB.haveC.ownD.abandon

32.A.makeupforB.linewithC.getridofD.takecareof

33.A.strengthB.advantageC.forceD.light

34.A.difficultyB.eventC.sufferingD.load

35.A.takeawayB.thinkaboutC.leaveoutD.breakup

36.A.planB.fearC.failD.tend

37.A.friendlierB.smallerC.tougherD.better

38.A.strangerB.personC.teacherD.friend

39.A.loveB.benefitC.ruleD.courage

40.A.wantB.preferC.hesitateD.request

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.AyodejiAjibolastartedtotrainasalawyer,graduatingfromtheNigerianLawSchool.She

thendecided(1)(pursue)acareerinHumanResources(HR),⑵(gain)a

mastersdegreefromtheLondonSchoolofEconomics&PoliticalScience.

ShestartedherHRcareerinPhillipsConsultingbeforeprogressingtoaroleintheHuman

CapitalManagementGroup,oneofthe⑶(large)energysolutionsprovideinAfricaat

thattime.Fromthere,shespentfiveyearsinGE,⑷(initial)asGE'sfirstemployee

servicesleaderinNigeriaandthenastheHRcomplianceandlocalisationmanagerfor

Sub-SaharanAfricabeforejoiningMicrosoft.SheleftMicrosoftas(5)HRleaderin

MiddleEastandAfrica'sMulti-CountryCluster.Inthisrole,sheworkedacross19diverse

⑹(country).

DejijoinedGuinnessNigeriainApril2020withalotofexperienceacrossseveral

industriesandGlobalcompanies.Hercareerhasshownhertobeastrongpartnerand⑺

(trust)advisorofotherleaders,(8)championsthedevelopmentoftalent,astrong

advocateforInclusionandDiversityandtheprincipleof"bringingyourwholeselfto

work".

InaninterviewwithTOBIAWODIPE,she⑼(talk)abouthowGuinnessNigeriawas

drivingdiversity(10)genderequality.

第8页，共21页

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共35.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加-个漏字符号(人)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Ineverybody'seyes.Iwasagoodgirl.Unlikeotherstudents,whowillgoagainsttheir

parents.Ioftenfollowmyparents'words.Idon'thinkthattodosomethingthatgoagainst

theadultsisawisechoice,andIdowanttodosomethingnew.Oneday,I'dliketohavemy

hairscut.Mymotherdidn'tagreewithme.Thistime,Iinsistedmyidea.However.she

supportedmefinal,Somethingnewmademetofeelhappyandbemyself.Worethenew

hairstyle,!lookedlikeacoolboy,whomIwaspleasedwith.Myfriendsadmiredmefor

havingthecouragetochangetheirimage.

假定你是李华，你校将在下周五下午举行京剧文艺汇演活动，并进行网络直播。请给你

的美国朋友Jim发一封邮件，内容包括：

1.活动目的；

2.活动安排；

3.邀请观看。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3.参考词汇:TheRuseoftheEmptyCity《空城计》；TheDrunkenBeauty《贵妃醉酒》

第10页，共21页

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、B、C

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据Day1OverviewEdinburgh部分中的

ItwasinScotland'scapitalcitythatJ.K.RowlingstartedtoplottheadventuresofHarryandhi

spals.（就是在苏格兰的首都，J.K罗琳，开始构思哈利和他的伙伴们的冒险故事。）可

知，J.K.Rowling最初是在爱丁堡创作的《哈利波特》。故选A。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据Day3OverviewallaboardtheHogwartsExpress部分中的

Pleasebesuretobookthesteamtraininadvance,asitisverypopular.（请务必提前预定蒸汽

火车，因为它很受欢迎。）可知，乘坐Jacobite蒸汽火车务必提前订票。故选B。

（3）C.文章出处题。根据第一段内容

Followthisfour-dayroute,andyou'llloseyourselfinthewizardingworldofHarryPotter.（沿

着这条四天的路线，你会迷失在哈利波特的魔法世界中。）可知，本文主要介绍了一条

为期四天的旅游线路，所以本文可能来自报纸的旅游版块。结合选项A.CurrentAffairs.

时事；B.Technology.技术；C.Tours.旅游：D.Biography.传记。故选C。

本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了《哈利波特》系列电影的经典拍摄地的四天之旅。

1.直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原

文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言

表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题：综合信息题

是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在

文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4~7.【答案】D、B、D、A

【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第一段"Mybirthdaywishistodevelopbettercorn

varieties,"hesays.（“我的生日愿望是培育出更好的玉米品种，”他表示。）可知，程相

文想要培育出高产的玉米品种。故选D。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段Once,whenhewasconductingafieldsurvey,afemalefarmer

saidtohimintears,"Yougraduatedfromcollege.Couldyoupleasefindawaytoincreasethe

comoutputhere?Iftheyields（产量）arehigher,ourchildrenwillnolongersufferfrom

hunger."Sincethen,Chenghasmadedevelopinghigh-yieldcomvarietieshislife'smission.

（有一次，他正在进行田野调查，一个女农民含泪对他说，“你大学毕业了。你能想办

法增加玉米产量吗？如果产量更高，我们的孩子将不再挨饿。”从那时起，程相文把开

发高产玉米品种作为他一生的使命。）可知，在程相文做实地调查时，一位农民的诉求

让他从那时起把培育高产玉米品种当成毕生的事业。故选B。

（3）D.细节理解题。根据第四段"Despitethebeautifulcoastline,Iheenvironmentwhere

Chengworksusedtobetroubledbypovertyandpoortraffic.Localsoncedescribedtheareaas

havingalargenumberofrats,mosquitoes,andpoisonoussnakes.Atthattime,hedideverything

onhisown.Helivedinalocalvillager'shouseandhefrequentlywenttothemountainstochop

firewoodtocook.（尽管有美丽的海岸线，程工作的环境曾经受到贫穷和交通不便的困

扰。当地人曾经形容这个地区有大量的老鼠、蚊子和毒蛇。那时候，他什么都是自己做

的。他住在当地村民家里，经常到山上砍柴烧饭。）可知，程相文当时在海南的生活环

境和生活条件很差。故选D。

（4）A.观点态度题。根据第四段Despitethebeautifulcoastline,theenvironmentwhere

Chengworksusedtobetroubledbypovertyandpoortraffic.Localsoncedescribedtheareaas

havingalargenumberofrats,mosquitoes,andpoisonoussnakes.Atthattime,hedideverything

onhisown.Helivedinalocalvillager'shouseandhefrequentlywenttothemountainstochop

firewoodtocook.Hishardwork,however,haspaidoff（尽管有美丽的海岸线，程工作的环

境曾经受到贫穷和交通不便的困扰。当地人曾经形容这个地区有大量的老鼠、蚊子和毒

蛇。那时候，他什么都是自己做的。他住在当地村民家里，经常到山上砍柴烧饭。然而，

他的努力终于有了回报。）和最后一段Chengisdedicatedtodevelopinghigh-yieldcorn

varietieswithstrongerresistanceandtheyareeasiertoharvestwithmachines.Hestillgoesto

thefieldseachdayandobservesandrecordsthecomplants.（程致力于开发抗性强、易于

机器收割的高产玉米品种。他仍然每天去田里，观察和记录玉米。）可知，程相文是一

位认真敬业、不畏艰难且意志坚定的科学家。A.Hard-workinganddetermined努力工作

又有决心的；B.Calmandcaring冷静和关心的；C.Fairandsympathetic公平且富有同情

心的；D.Kindandgenerous.善良大方的。故选A。

本文是记叙文。农业科学家程相文用毕生的精力培育出杂交玉米，并且研发出14种高

产的玉米新品种。

做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的

词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。

8~11.【答案】A、A、D、D

第12页，共21页

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Whenaheavystormhil,residentsofthe

floatingcommunityofSchoonschipinAmsterdamhadlittledoubtaboutwhethertheycould

rideitout（当一场猛烈的风暴来袭时，阿姆斯特丹Schoonschip水上社区的居民毫不怀

疑他们是否能安然度过。）可知，当暴雨来袭时，当地居民认为他们可以安然度过。故

选Ao

（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段的Wefeelsaferinstormbecausewearefloating（我们

在风暴中感觉更安全，因为我们在漂浮。）可知，SitiBoelen在暴风雨中有安全感。故

选Ao

（3）D.推理判断题。根据第三段的Afloatinghousecanbeconstructedonanyshorelineand

isabletodealwithrisingseasbyremainingonthetopofthewater'ssurface.Unlike

houseboats,whichcaneasilybemovedandrelocated,floatinghomesarefixedtotheshoreand

areusuallyconnectedtothelocalsewer（污水管道）systemandpowergrid.（漂浮的房子

可以建在任何海岸线上，并且能够通过保持在水面的顶部来应对海平面的上升。与可以

轻松移动和重新安置的船屋不同，浮动房屋固定在海岸上，通常与当地的下水道系统和

电网相连。）可知，本段比较了漂浮房屋与供居住的船。故选D。

（4）D.段落大意题。根据第四段的Severewindandrain,oreventhepassingoflargecruise

ships,canmakethebuildingsrock.（剧烈的风雨，甚至大型游轮的驶过，都能使建筑物摇

晃。）和Floatinghomesalsorequireextrainfrastructureandworktoconnecttotheelectricity

gridandsewersystem.（漂浮房屋还需要额夕卜的基础设施和工作来连接电网和下水道系

统。）可知，第四段主要是关于漂浮房屋面临的挑战。故选D。

本文是说明文。文章介绍了一个对抗暴风雨的新方法一漂浮房屋。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上

合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12〜15.【答案】C、B、B、C

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第二段Scientistshaveappliedoptogeneticstoexplore

neural（神经的）circuitsinmiceandotherlabanimalstocometoaconclusiononhowthey

mightworkinhumans.（科学家已经应用光遗传学来探索老鼠和其他实验室动物的神经

回路，从而得出它们可能在人类身上起作用的结论。）可知，科学家使用光遗传技术是

为了弄清楚神经回路是如何影响人类的。故选C。

（2）B.词句猜测题。根据第四段Thedevicesalsoallowscientiststocontrolfourdifferent

neuralcircuitsinananimalsimultaneously,thankstoLEDsthatgiveoutfourcolors-

blue,green,yellowandred—insteadofjustone.（这种设备还可以让科学家simultaneously

控制动物的四个不同的神经回路，这要归功于发光二极管，它可以发出四种颜色一蓝色、

绿色、黄色和红色一而不是一种颜色。）可知，simultaneously是副词，描述这些装置

还能让科学家控制动物的四个不同神经回路。根据发光二极管可以发出四种颜色可知，

这四个不同神经回路是同时被控制的，所以simultaneously意为"同时地”和B选项意思

一致。A.Onceinawhile偶尔有一次地；B.Atthesametime与此同时地；

C.Byonesandtwos一个接一个地；D.Onaregularbasis定期进行地。故选Bo

（3）B.推理判断题。根据最后一段"withoutextensivespecializedhardware"，saysPhilipp

GutrufattheUniversityofArizona."Thatmeansthatwemightseethesedevicesinmanylabs

inthenearfuture.enablingnewdiscoveries."（亚利桑那大学的菲利普古特鲁夫说，"没有

广泛的专业硬件。这意味着我们可能在不久的将来，在许多实验室看到这些设备，从而

有新的发现。”）可知，PhilippGutruf说的话告诉了我们这种新型装置的发展前景。故

选Bo

（4）C.标题归纳题。根据第一段Withthehelpofnewdevicesonmice,scientistsareusing

lighttoswitchnervecellsonandoffinmice'sbrainstoexploretheanimals'socialbehavior,a

newstudyshows.（一项新的研究表明，在老鼠身.上的新装置的帮助下，科学家们正在

利用光来开关老鼠大脑中的神经细胞，以探索老鼠的社会行为。）可知，本文讲述科学

家研发了一种新型装置，它可以远程控制老鼠的社会行为，C项”科学家们用新的设备

来控制老鼠的社会行为”为最佳标题。故选Co

本文是说明文。文章主要讲述科学家研发了一种新型装置，它可以远程控制老鼠的社会

行为。

1.直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原

文基本一致的题目。

2.间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，

做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。

3.综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是

原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来

分析。

16~20.【答案】C、E、F、G、B

第14页，共21页

［解析］（1）C.推理判断题。根据上文You'dliketoexercisemore,onlytofindthatyoudon't

havethetime,can'taffordexpensivelessonsorconcernaboutinjuriesonyourbody.（你想多

锻炼，却发现没有时间，负担不起昂贵的课程或担心身体受伤。）可知，这里继续陈述

锻炼的困难。C项"Forsomepeople,exercisefeelslikehardlabor.（对一些人来说，锻炼

就像是苦工一样。）”符合语境。故选C。

（2）E.细节理解题。根据上文Asyouwalk,youcanclearyourhead,relax,andreflect.（在

你散步时，你可以让头脑清醒、放松和反思。）可知，这里陈述散步的好处。E项“Itcan

bevaluable,allowingyoutoreturnrefreshed.（它可能是有价值的，让你重新振作起来。）

”符合语境。故选E。

（3）F.推理判断题。根据上文Youcandoitwithothers.（你可以与他人一起散步。）

可知，本段介绍可以邀请他人一起散步。F项"Invitefamily,friends,orco-workerstojoinyou

forawalk.（邀请家人、朋友或同事和你一起散步。）”符合语境。故选F。

（4）G.推理判断题。根据上文Youcanenjoythegiftofnature.（你可以享受大自然的礼

物。）”及下文"Walkingisagreatwaytogetoutinnature.（散步是亲近大自然的一种好方

法。）可知，公园或水边是亲近大自然最好的地方。G"Spendingtimeinparksornear

watercanimproveyourmood.（花时间在公园或水边可以改善你的心情。）”符合语境。

故选Go

（5）B.推理判断题。根据下文StanfordUniversityresearchersfoundthatpeoplegenerated

twiceasmanycreativere