Module+5+Look+after+yourself+Unit+2+Get+off+the+sofa 外研版英语九年级下册

Module5LookafteryourselfUnit2Getoffthesofa!&1&

thanks

to多亏；归功于；由于&2&

教材语境

Thanks

to

better

health

care,

most

people

are

living

healthier

and

longer

lives.

多亏有了更完善的医疗保健（服务），大多数人生活得更健康、更长寿。（教材P42）&3&

thanks

to中to为介词，其后接名词（短语）、代词或动词-ing形式。thanks

to常位于句首，有时可与because

of互换。▸Thanks

to

your

help,

we

finished

the

task

on

time.多亏你们的帮忙，我们按时完成了工作。▸Thanks

to

environmental

protection,

the

mountains

are

getting

greener

and

greener.由于环境保护，山变得越来越绿了。（选自陕西中考A卷）

thanks

for

（doing）

sth.意为"因（做）某事而感谢"，强调感谢的原因。▸Thanks

for

lending

me

your

umbrella.谢谢你借给我你的雨伞。典例1

(天水中考)___

the

kind-hearted

lady,

the

homeless

boy

has

a

new

family.AA.Thanks

to

B.Thank

to

C.Thanks

for

D.Thank

for【解析】句意：多亏这位好心的女士，那个无家可归的男孩有了一个新家。thanks

to意为"多亏，归功于"；thanks

for意为"因……而感谢"，强调感谢的原因。根据语境可知，选A。教材语境

Someone

who

is

born

today

can

expect

to

live

about

thirty-five

years

longer

than

someone

who

was

born

in

the

nineteenth

century.

现在出生的人有望比出生于19世纪的人多活大约35年。（教材P42）&5&

expect/ɪkˈspekt/

v.预料；预计▸You

can't

expect

to

learn

a

foreign

language

in

a

few

months.

你不能指望在几个月内就学会一门外语。▸I

didn't

expect

him

to

become

a

successful

writer.

我没想到他会成为一名成功的作家。▸The

train

is

expected

to

be

late.

预计火车会晚点。

▸There's

the

doorbell

—

I

expect

it'll

be

the

postman.门铃响了，估计是邮递员。&6&

expect作及物动词时，还可意为"等待；期待；盼望"。常见搭配：expect

sb."等待某人"，expect

sth."期待某事"，expect

sb.

to

do

sth."期待某人做某事"。▸You

look

absent-minded.

Are

you

expectingsomeone?

你看起来心不在焉的，你在等人吗？（选自无锡中考）▸Teachers

expect

all

their

students

to

make

progress

day

by

day.老师们期待他们所有的学生每天都有进步。（选自青岛中考）&7&

in

the

nineteenth

century在19世纪&8&

"in

the+序数词+century"表示"在……世纪"。&9&

表示"在……世纪……年代"用"in

the+年份+-s/in

the

+年份+-'s"。▸The

tea

trade

from

China

to

Western

countries

took

place

in

the

19th

century.

从中国到西方国家的茶叶贸易发生在19世纪。（选自哈尔滨中考）▸He

was

born

in

the

1990s/1990's.

他出生在20世纪90年代。典例2

根据句意及首字母提示写出句中所缺单词。Young

people

in

the

21st

c_______

are

full

of

hope

and

brave

enough

to

take

on

a

challenge.entury教材语境

It

is

even

thought

that

in

the

future

more

and

more

people

will

celebrate

their

hundredth

birthdays.

人们甚至认为将来越来越多的人会庆祝他们的百岁生日。（教材P42）&10&

It

is

thought

that...

人们认为……&11&

这是"It+be+过去分词+that从句."句型，相当于"People

think

that..."。其中it作形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。▸It's

thought

that

eating

too

much

meat

is

bad

for

health.

人们认为吃太多肉对健康有害。&12&

类似的表达还有：It's

said

that…据说……It's

said

that

she

lived

to

be

over

100.

据说她活了100多岁。It's

reported

that…据报道……It's

reported

that

12

people

died

in

the

accident.

据报道有12人在事故中遇难。It's

（well-）

known

that…众所周知……It

is

well-known

that

silk

was

discovered

in

China.众所周知，丝绸是在中国发的。（选自昆明中考）&13&

more

and

more越来越多的&14&

&15&

more

and

more是"比较级+and+比较级"结构，此处more是many的比较级，其后接可数名词复数；more

and

more中的more还可视为much的比较级，其后接不可数名词。▸There

will

be

more

and

more

tall

buildings

in

the

future.未来将会有越来越多的高楼大厦。▸It

seems

that

families

are

spending

more

and

more

time

together.家人们在一起的时间似乎越来越多了。（选自扬州中考）more

and

more后还可加多音节或部分双音节形容词或副词，意为"越来越……"，表示程度上的递进。▸We

believe

that

our

home

town

will

be

more

and

more

beautiful.

我们相信，我们的家乡将会越来越美丽。（选自温州中考）&17&

动词不定式（短语）作目的状语&18&

教材语境

To

keep

fit,

you

have

to

walk

at

least

10,

000

steps

every

day.

为了保持健康，你每天必须至少走10

000步。（教材P42）&19&

to

keep

fit意为"为了保持健康"，是动词不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。动词不定式（短语）作目的状语时，可置于句首，也可置于句末；位于句首时，用逗号与后面的内容隔开。▸To

get

there

on

time，I

had

to

get

up

early.

=

I

had

to

get

upearly

to

get

there

on

time.

为了按时到那里，我不得不早点儿起床。典例3

(扬州中考)

_____

the

people

locked

inside,

the

firemen

broke

down

the

door.BA.Reach

B.To

reach

C.Reaching

D.To

reaching【解析】此处是说，为了解救被锁在里面的人，消防队员破门而入。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。教材语境

In

the

past,

people's

jobs

required

more

physical

effort.过去，人们的工作需要更多的体力。（教材P42）&20&

require

/rɪˈkwaɪə/

v.需要&21&

require

作及物动词，通常不用于进行时。▸Several

months

ago,

I

had

a

car

accident

and

required

an

operation.几个月前，我出了车祸，需要做手术。（选自绍兴中考）▸You

are

required

to

wear

a

seat

belt

by

law.法律规定要系安全带。▸These

buildings

require

repairing

next

month.这些建筑下个月需要修缮。▸The

situation

required

that

he（should）

be

present.这种情形需要他在场。&22&

physical/ˈfɪzɪkl/

adj.身体的；体力的&23&

physical作形容词，physical

exercise意为"体育锻炼"。&24&

physical作形容词，还可意为"物质的；物理学的"。▸Youth

is

the

time

of

physical

growth.

青少年时期是长身体的时期。▸Let's

take

an

active

part

in

physical

exercise

from

now

on.

从现在起让我们积极参加体育锻炼吧。▸physical

change

物理变化physically

adv.身体上；肉体上&25&

effort/ˈefət/

n.力气；精力&26&

effort还可作可数名词，意为"努力，尽力，试图"。make

an/every

effort

to

do

sth."努力/尽力做某事"。▸The

project

needs

time

and

effort.这个项目需要时间和精力。▸Learning

to

speak

another

language

takes

effort.学说另一门语言要下功夫。▸He

made

every

effort

to

help

the

children

deal

with

their

problems.他尽一切努力帮助孩子们解决问题。在此作不可数名词&27&

once

in

a

while偶尔；有时；间或教材语境

You

should

only

have

it

once

in

a

while.

你只能偶尔吃点儿。

（教材P42）&28&

常用来表示频度，其前可加every，相当于now

and

then、at

times，通常位于句末，有时也可用于句首。▸He

comes

to

our

room

for

a

chat

once

in

a

while.

他偶尔来我们房间闲谈。▸Every

once

in

a

while

I

visit

Los

Angeles.我偶尔会去洛杉矶。&29&

harm/hɑːm/

v.损害；伤害教材语境

Eating

too

much

of

the

wrong

food

will

harm

your

health.吃太多不好的食物将会对你的健康有害。（教材P42）&30&

harm在此作及物动词，多指损害某事物或伤害人或动物。▸It's

said

that

the

product

may

harm

the

environment.

据说该产品可能会损害环境。▸I

won't

hurt

anyone.

我不会伤害任何人。

（1）harm还可作名词，意为"伤害；损害"。do

harm

to"对……有害"。▸It

will

do

harm

to

our

environment

to

throw

about

plastic

bags.

乱扔塑料袋将会对我们的环境有害。（2）harmful作形容词，意为"有害的"。其反义词为harmless"无害的"。be

harmful

to"对……有害"，其同义短语为be

bad

for。▸Greenhouse

gases

are

harmful

to

the

environment.温室气体对环境有害。（选自盐城中考）考向点拨中考常在完成句子中考查短语do

harm

to或be

harmful

to,常在句型转换中考查do

harm

to、be

harmful

to、be

bad

for之间的同义转换，常在词语运用中考查harm和harmful的词性转换。&32&

be

worried

about为……担心教材语境

If

you

are

worried

about

something,

talk

to

your

parents

or

your

teacher.如果你为某事而感到焦虑，和你的父母或老师谈谈吧。（教材P42）&33&

be

worried

about强调状态，其中worried为形容词，about

为介词，后常接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语。▸All

the

people

are

worried

about

the

sick

boy

in

hospital.

所有人都在为那个生病住院的男孩担心。&34&

worry

about

意为"担心……"，为动词短语，强调动作。▸Don't

worry

about

the

test.

You'll

be

great!

不用担心考试,

你会很棒的！典例4

(深圳中考)—Mark

has

had

too

much

fried

food.

I'm

really

___

him.—Me,

too.

I

think

he

should

have

more

vegetables

and

fruit.BA.afraid

of

B.worried

about

C.unaware

of【解析】be

afraid

of"害怕"；

be

worried

about"担心"；be

unaware

of"没有意识到"。由"马克吃了太多的油炸食品"可推知，我很"担心"他，故选B。教材语境

Say

no

to

smoking!

拒绝吸烟！

（教材P42）&35&

say

no/yes

（to...）拒绝/同意（……）&36&

say

no/yes

to中的to为介词，其后可接名词或动词-ing形式。▸Their

offer

was

so

good

that

I

couldn't

say

no.

他们提出的条件很好，我无法拒绝。▸Did

you

say

yes

to

her

invitation?

你接受她的邀请了吗？&37&

类似的表达还有：say

hello

to

sb.

向某人问好say

sorry

to

sb.

向某人道歉say

goodbye

to

sb.

向某人道别say

thanks

to

sb.

向某人道谢&38&

put

on增加（体重）教材语境

However,

if

you

are

always

s