广东省2023-2024学年高三上学期11月统一调研测试英语试题

绝密★启用前广东省2023—2024学年高三11月统一调研测试英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWHOWEAREChinaDaily,ChinaDailyWebsite,theChinaDailyAppandtheDiscoverBeautifulChinaplatformarecallingforsubmissionsofphotos,illustrationsandvideosfromnowuntiltheendofDecember,2023.WHATWEARELOOKINGFORPhotos,illustrationsorshortvideoswithfourmajorthemes:■Specialtopicforthe2023submissionscouldincludespecificexperiencesofcultureortourismyouhaveenjoyed,includingbutnotlimitedto:＊“FamousmountainsIhaveexploredinChina”＊“RiversinChinathathaveleftadeepmemoryforme”＊“IhaveclimbedtheGreatWall”＊“MystoriesoflearningChineseculture”WHATYOUCANGET1.Wewillselecttheworksofindividualsandorganizationsseparately.2.Weofferthreetypesofprizerespectivelyforphotos,illustrationsandshortvideos.3.Individualwinnerswillreceivecashprizesandcertificates;andwinningorganizationswillreceivecertificatesfortheirdistinguishedcontribution.4.SomeofthebestworkshaveachancetobefeaturedontheChinaDailyWebsite.FORMATOFWORKS·PHOTO/ILLUSTRATION:Nomorethan10images,5MBmaximumforeach;withanintroductionofupto200wordsineitherEnglishorChinese,offeringbackgroundinformationofthework.·SHORTVIDEO:Format:MP4orMOV.Size:1GBmaximum,upto4minutes.Caption:Nomorethan200EnglishorChinesewordstogiveabriefintroduction.Music:Musicisoptionalforthevideo,butifincluded,itmusthaveobtainedinternationalcopyrightfromalegitimatesource.Quality:Clearandstableimage.1.Whichofthefollowingisqualifiedforthesubmissions?A.“MyChinesefriendsinFrance”.B.“MystoriesoftheGrandCanal”.C.“MygrowingcoffeebusinessinChina”.D.“MyexperiencesofplayingfootballinShanghai”.2.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitashortvideoasanindividual?A.YouwillbegivenmoneyandcertificatesifyouwinB.Youwillcompetewithotherindividualsandorganizations.C.YouwillhaveyourworksdisplayedontheChinaDailyApp.D.Youwillbegivencertificatesforyourdistinguishedcontribution.3.Whatmustbeincludedinthesubmittedworks?A.Apieceofmusic. B.Copyrightofphotos.C.Abriefintroduction. D.TheChineselanguage.BFor60-year-oldGaoRuyi,theproudestachievementinhislifeisnotmeasuredinhonorsorrichesbutinthewingsofover1,000swanshehasrescued.Gao,formerdirectorofthewildliferescuestationinSanmenxia,Henanprovince,hasguardedswansandtheecosystemstheyliveinforalmostfourdecades.Hiseffortshaveearnedhimthename“SwanDad”.GaoRuyigrewupneartheYellowRiver,China’ssecond-longestriver.Hehadlittleconnectiontoswansuntilthewinterof1988whenonedaythepeacefulnessoftheriversidewasbrokenbygunshots.Rushingtothescene,hefoundthatsomeonehadopenedfireontheswans.Theheart-wrenchingcriesoffourwoundedswansleftadeep-rootedmarkonhim.Sincethen,GaohasbecomeaguardianofswansandawitnesstotheswanprotectioneffortsalongtheYellowRiver.Theendeavor(努力)isnotwithoutitschallenges.GaostartedworkingatawildliferescuestationintheYellowRiverwetlandinSanmenxiain1994.Despitetheirefforts,illegalactivitiescontinued.Onesuchtragedyhappenedin1998.Severalwildducksandswanswerepoisoned.Gaoimmediatelycalledthepoliceandprovidedtreatmentforthefeatheryvictims.“Swanshavememories,”hesaid,“Sincetheincident,nobodysawswansintheareaformanyyears.”Still,Gao’spassionforswanprotectionhasneverwaned.Heandmanyother“swandads”and“swanmoms”oftenvisitednearbyvillagestoeducateresidentsaboutwildlifeconservation,andencouragedthemtobringsickorinjuredwildanimalstotherescuestation.Anotherchallengeforthebirdscamefromtheenvironment.SwanpopulationsinSanmenxiawerelimitedinthe1990sduetoseverepollutioncausedbyminingandindustrialdevelopment,saidGao.Inthepastdecades,however,ChinastartedextensiveeffortstobattlepollutionintheYellowRiverbasin,andgradually,swanpopulationsintheSanmenxiasectionbegantoincrease.Tensofthousandsofswansareflyingbackhome,markingthestartof“swanseason”,asthelocalsaffectionatelycallit.4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGaoRuyi?A.Peace-loving. B.Good-tempered. C.Hard-working. D.Kind-hearted.5.WhatdidGaoRuyidotomeetthechallenges?A.Hestartedawildliferescuestation.B.Heeducatedpeopletoraiseawareness.C.Hecuredsickorinjuredwildswans.D.Heworkedwithgovernmenttofightpollution.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“waned”mostprobablymean?A.Recovered. B.Expanded. C.Benefited. D.Declined.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A.YellowRiverBirdsSavedby“SwanDad”B.IllegalActivitiesDonetoSwansContinueC.YellowRiverPollutionProblemsSolvedbyGovernmentD.“SwanSeason”IsWitnessedinSanmenxiaSectionofYellowRiverCFromAI-madejokestoHarryPotterfashionvideos,AIcanbeusedtomakefunnystuff.Butcanitbeasfunnyasahuman?Andifitcan,doesitpresentadangertocomedywritersinthefuture?That’ssomethingperformershavebeenlookingatinthisyear’sEdinburghFestivalFringe,runningfromAug.4toAug.28.AnyonecanputonashowattheFringe,andthisyearevenrobotsweregettinginontheact.OneofFringe’sbigshowsusedasmallrobottocomeupwithjokesfromaudiences’suggestions,whichwerethenperformedbyhumans.Theresultscouldbeveryfunny,butsometimestheyweren’tfunnyatall.Thatwaspartofthepoint,explainedPiotrMirowski,theshow’sco-maker.“Wedonotusehumansto‘showoff’AI;instead,weuseAI‘toshow’itslimitations,toshowcasehumancreativityonthestage,”saidMirowski,accordingtoTheGuardian.ComedianPierreNovelliesaidthatitwilltakealongtimeforAItogetgoodatcreatingcomedy.“ComedyisthelastthingthatAIisgoingtogetnear,”PierretoldSkyNews.“Evennormalhumancomediansstruggleto‘tune’theirjokes‘for’therightcrowdattherighttime,everytime.Butthat’swhat’sinterestingaboutstand-up(独角喜剧)andfun.”ButPeterBazely,aperformerattheFringe,saidhe’susingAltomakejokesforhimbecausehe’soutofideas.OneofBazely’sshowshadhimplayingasupportingroleto“anentirelycomputer-generatedcomedian”calledAIJesus.TheFringereviewwebsite,Chortle,talkedabouttoday’sAIconcerns:“InaworldwhereartistsareworriedthatAIcouldendupdoingtheirjobsforthem,Bazelyissaidtobeprayingthisonewilldoexactlythat.”ThereasonsforcompanieswantingtouseAIarecertainlyunderstandable,butthedangerstheypresenttomanypeople’sjobsarebecomingmoreandmorereal,andthat’snotveryfunny.InMay,leadersintheAIindustrysignedadocumentwarningthatAIcouldpresentanextinction-leveldangerand“shouldbeaglobalpriorityalongsidepandemicsandnuclearwar”.8.Whatdoestheunderlined“That”inparagraph2referto?A.Performingjokesmadebyrobots. B.Robots’jokesareverypopular.C.Robots’jokessometimesarenotfun. D.UsinghumanstoshowoffAI.9.WhatdoNovellie’swordsimply?A.AIlimitsthecreativityofhumans.B.ItisnoteasyforAItoreplacecomedians.C.AIrespondswelltoaudiences’suggestions.D.Theaudienceofcomedyishardtoappealto.10.WhydoesPeterBazelywelcomeAI?A.Hehasgotdifficultyinmakingcomedies.B.Hedoesn’twanttoplaysupportingrolesanymore.C.HebelievesAIJesuswon’treplacehumancomedians.D.HethinksjokesmadebyAIcanmakehisshowspopular.11.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.TopromotetheEdinburghFestivalFringe.B.Todisplaythejoysandsorrowsofcomedians.C.TowarnthepublicoftheexistingdangerofAID.ToraisepublicconcernforthepossiblethreatofAI.DAftertrackingflowersonaprairie(草原)inMinnesotafor21years,scientistsreportedthattheplantsreproducemoresuccessfullyintheyearfollowingacarefullycontrolledburn.Understandingtherelationshipbetweenprairieplantsandfireisimportantforpreservingthisecosystemwhichisbecomingrapidlysmaller,saysStuartWagenius,aconservationscientist.Fireprovidesanadditionaladvantageforthenarrow-leavedpurpleconeflower(紫锥花),asWageniusandhiscolleaguessay.Toreallybloom(开花),theyneedalittlehelp:Enterthefire.Between1996and2016,Wageniussayshisteamtrackednearly8,000purpleconeflowersontheStaffansonPrairiePreserve.In9ofthoseyears,theyconductedcontrolledburnsover400times.“Inthesummerafteraburn,manymoreplantsflower,”Wageniussays.“Itisjustahugefloweringfestival.”Purpleconeflowersandmanyotherprairieplantswerepreviouslyknowntobloomenergeticallyafterfires.However,theresearcherssaidthatfirealsostimulatedpurpleconeflowerstobloomatthesametimeinthesummerafteraburn.Thismeantthatinsteadofbeingunconnected,thepurpleconeflowersweresurroundedbypotentialmatesandwentontoproducenearlydoublethenumberofseedscomparedwithotheryears.Wageniussaysit’snotyetclearexactlyhowfiressignaltheflowerstogetbusy.Thenewfindingsmayhelpthepeoplewhomanageprairiestobetterunderstandthedifferentwaysthatfireaffectstheplantsgrowinginthesehabitats,saidKathrynYurkonis,agrasslandecologistwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.However,Yurkonisadded,itremainstobeshownhowthefiresinfluencethepurpleconeflowerpopulation.“Thispaperimpliesthatmakingmoreseedswouldmeanmoreseedswouldlandonthesoilandenterthepopulationofplants—buttheydon’tactuallyexaminethatstep,”shesaid.“I’dbecurioustoseewhetherthisactuallytranslatestomorepurpleconeflowers.”12.Whatisthebasisfortheresearch?A.Prairiesareeasytodisappear. B.Plantsonaprairiearediverse.C.Firerelatespositivelytoprairieplants. D.Withoutfire,flowerswon’tbloom.13.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoconveywithfigurescitedinparagraphtwo?A.Wagenius’steamwascommittedindeed.B.Samplesofflowerswererichinnumber.C.Timespentontheresearchwaslong.D.Thefindingswererelativelyconvincing.14.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theresultofplantsbeingunconnected.B.Theinfluenceoffiresonprairieplants.C.Theprocessofprairieplants’growingafterfires.D.Thereasonforplants’bloomingatthesametime.15.WhatisKathrynYurkonis’sattitudetotheresearchfinding?A.Uninterested. B.Prejudiced. C.Objective. D.Opposed.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoBeMorePresentManypeoplehaveatendencytoliveinthepastorthefuture.Theyconstantlythinkaboutthepastandworryaboutthefuture,andthusfinditdifficulttoenjoythegoodthingsinlifeinthehereandnow.Youmightunfortunatelybeoneofthesepeople.___16___Herearesometipsthatmighthelpyou.NoticeYourSurroundingsOnewaytobeinthepresentmomentisbynoticingyoursurroundings.Howoftendoyoutaketimeoutofyourdaytoactuallylookaroundandseewhat’sgoingon?Nowcloseyoureyesandtakeadeepbreath.___17___Whenyoudo,it’seasiertobemorepresentinthemoment.BeGratefulforWhatYouHaveNow___18___Ifyouareconstantlyfocusedonthingsyoudon’thave,youaren’ttakingthetimetoappreciatewhatyouhaveatthismoment.Onewaytopracticegratitudeistowritealistofthingsyouaregratefulforandreviewthatlistonadailybasis.Trytowriteatleastthreethingsyouaregratefulforinyourliferightnow.ShowAcceptanceIfyouwanttolearnhowtobemorepresent,youneedtoletgoofhowyouthinkthingsshouldbeandacceptthemforwhattheyare.___19___Sometimeslifeisgoingtobedifferentthanhowyouwantittobe.Practicingacceptancewillhelpyouletgoofthethingsinyourlifethatareoutofyourcontrol.FindPositiveSocialSupportThekindofsocialsupportyouhaveinyourlifecanalsoplayanimportantrole.Surroundingyourselfwithpositive,supportivepeoplewillincreaseyourownpositivityandhappinesslevels.___20___A.Thenopenthemandreallytakeinwhereyouare.B.Youshouldfocusyourattentionononethingatatime.C.Youcannotcontroleverythingthathappensaroundyou.D.Thisisonewaytodistanceyourselffromwhatyouareenjoying.E.Inturn,thiswillallowyoutofocusonwhatisgoingonrightnow.F.Partoflivinginthepresentmomentistoappreciatewhatyouhavenow.G.Solearninghowtoliveinthemomentcangreatlyimproveyourwell-being.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It’sjustonelittlevalve(阀门).I’mjustguessingthatittakesabout42secondstowalkfromthecouchtowherethevalveisinourfrontyard,___21___itandreturntothecouch.AndyetIdidn’t.NotthatIwasn’t___22___todoso.Thecityalreadywarnedunpleasantresultscouldfollowour___23___toturnoffthatvalve.Mywife,Anita,alsotalkedaboutitseveraltimes.Eachofthose___24___wentsomethinglikethis:“Joe,haveyouturnedoffthevalvetothewateringsystem?”shewouldasksweetly.“Oh,that’sright,”Iwouldsay.“I___25___todothat.”“Itwouldbegreatifyoucoulddoitbeforethegroundfreezes,”shewouldadd,___26___.ThenIwould___27___sincerelythatIwoulddoittomorrow.ButIdidn’t.Inmymind,therewasnogreatrushtocompletethetaskbecausewewerehavingsucha___28___fallfollowedbyausuallywarmwinter.Ikepttellingmyselfthatifitgotreallycold,Iwoulddoit.___29___,itwouldonlytakeabout42secondstodoit.Anditwassucha(n)___30___thing.Andnowwe’re___31___it,withacoupleofbrokenvalves,afloodedbasementfloorandprobablysome___32___tothewallthroughwhichthewatertravelledonitswaytothebasementfloor.Therepairstoourwateringsystemandtheroomhavecostusseveralhundreddollars,nottomentionthegreat___33___.Sodelayingisnotsimplyputtingoffanactionoradecision.Itwillhaveitsown___34___.Doing___35___is,infact,doingsomething.21.A.check B.repair C.close D.pick22.A.expected B.permitted C.forced D.reminded23.A.failure B.attempt C.decision D.admission24.A.questions B.conversations C.introductions D.explanations25.A.prefer B.happen C.need D.hate26.A.surely B.thankfully C.quietly D.hopefully27.A.promise B.consider C.agree D.wish28.A.dry B.warm C.cool D.variable29.A.Inaword B.Asaresult C.Afterall D.Aboveall30.A.funny B.simple C.ordinary D.pleasant31.A.payingfor B.preparingfor C.waitingfor D.caringfor32.A.challenges B.breakthroughs C.damage D.pressure33.A.investment B.intervention C.inspiration D.inconvenience34.A.consequences B.anxieties C.solutions D.responses35.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenChina’sfirstastronautYangLiweiblastedoffintospacein2003,itwasahistory-makingmomentthatdeclaredhiscountry’sarrival___36___anemergingspacepower.Sofar,China___37___(become)amajorpresenceinspace.Itnowhasitsownpermanentoutpostinorbit—a___38___(full)operationalspacestation-androutinelyrotates(轮值)crewstoliveandworkthere.OnThursday,threeChineseastronautsliftedoffontheShenzhou-17spacecraftfromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterdeepintheGobiDesert,___39___(head)fortheTiangongspacestationforasix-monthstay.Theyarethe___40____(young)crewChinahaseversenttospace—with___41___averageageof38.Amongtheirtasksonboardistorepairthesolarpanelswhich___42___(destroy)byspacedebrisyearsago—thefirsttimeChineseastronautswillcarryoutrepairworkoutsidethestation.ThisisChina’ssixthmannedmissiontoitsspacestationsince2021.ThenewcrewwilltakeoverfromtheShenzhou-16astronauts,___43___havebeenonboardsinceMay.___44___(complete)latelastyear,theTiangong—or“heavenlypalace”inChinese—isoneofthetwospace___45___(station)currentlyinorbit.Withalifespanof15years,itcouldbecometheonlyoneleftwhentheNASA-ledInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)retiresin2030.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你校交换生John给你发邮件说练习中国书法(calligraphy)太难，他深受挫败，请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.鼓励坚持下去并说明原因；2.给出如何学好书法的建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。EveryJune,werenewanannualtraditionatourhouseinalovelyneighbourhood.Ourchildrenaregivenbowlsandaskedtocollectpiecesofnaturethatremindthemofthesummer.Theyleavethosebowlsonthefrontdoorstepandwegoforawalk.Whenwereturn,wefindfairies(仙子)havetransformedthebowls’contentsintoicecreamsundaes(圣代冰淇淋).I’mnotcertainhowthistraditionevolved.IthinkIwasmakingupsomethingaboutfairiesyearsago,anditalljustsortofhappened.Buteversince,ithasbeenoneofourfavouriteroutineactivities,fascinatedwithitsmagic.“Whenarethefairiescoming?”six-year-oldAnnahadbeenaskingalllastJune,eagerwithexpectation.Meanwhile,John,nine,wasgettingwisetofairiesandFatherChristmasandsuchsillythings.Sohewasprettysureabouthowallthe“magic”cameaboutastheeveningapproached.“Youknow,Ihadeverythingworkedout!”Hesaidhewouldunderstandif,duringourwalk,MumorDadshouldforgetsomethingandreturnhomeorduringthewalkaparentmighthavetofetchsomethinginthecar.Manytimes,wewereeventhinkingoftellinghimthetruthbutwedidn’t.Annashouldenjoythemagic.Theeveningarrivedasexpected.Thechildrencollectedleavesandbladesofgrass,pebbles,twigs(树枝)anddeadinsects.Weputtheirbowlsonthefrontdoorstepandwentoffonourwalkasusual.Butafterawhile,IpretendedtocomplainthatIhadforgottenmykeysandneededtogoback.Johnsmiledwithaknowingexpression.“Ohwait,”Iadded.“I’vefoundthem!Idon’thavetogoback.”Aswecontinuedonourway,Johnwasbeginningtogetabitconfused.Nearourhouse,afterexchangingaglancewithmyhusband,Ianxiouslywarnedthatthefairiesmightnothavearrivedyet—wemightneedtowalkforabitlonger.HearingwhatIsaid,Johnseemedrelieved.“Yes,”hesaid,“theyprobablyhadn’tcome!”Yetwhenwereachedthefrontdoor,thebowlswereinthesameplacewehadleftthem—filledexactlywithicecreamsundaes.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Seeingthis,thetwokidsgavequitedifferentresponses.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ItwaslatebuttheconfusionkeptJohnwideawake,andfinallyhecametome.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

广东省2023—2024学年高三11月统一调研测试英语参考答案及评分细则A本文是一篇广告应用文。文章主要介绍2023“大美中国”图片和短视频征集活动的相关信息。1.B推理判断题。根据WHATWEARELOOKINGFOR部分可知，展示在中国旅游的经历的相关作品可以参选。2.A细节理解题。根据WHATYOUCANGET部分的内容以及题干中的“ashortvideo”和“asanindividual”可以综合得出答案为A。3.C细节理解题。根据FORMATOFWORKS部分可知，无论提交的作品是图片还是短视频，都要有简明的介绍。所以答案为C。B本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了“天鹅爸爸”高如意四十多年来持续不懈拯救三门峡地区的天鹅的故事，以及在他和政府部门的持续努力下天鹅在黄河三门峡地区被有效保护的事实。4.D推理判断题。从全文高如意对天鹅的关心，特别是第二段所述可知，高如意不忍心看到天鹅被捕杀，因此开始多年的拯救和保护，说明他是一位心地善良的人。5.B细节理解题。第三段提到高如意在保护天鹅的过程中遭遇过一些挑战，下文讲述到他面临这些挑战（例如非法捕杀天鹅的事件）所做过的事情，其中包括对村民们进行宣传教育以提高他们保护天鹅及其他野生生物的意识。故选B。6.D词义猜测题。画线词下文提到高如意和其他人共同继续展开行动，向村民宣传保护野生生物的知识，可以得知他保护天鹅的激情从未减弱过。7.A标题归纳题。本文主要讲述“天鹅爸爸”高如意四十多年来持续不懈拯救三门峡地区的天鹅的故事，以及在他和政府部门的持续努力下天鹅在黄河三门峡地区被有效保护的事实，因此A最适合作为文章标题。C本文是一篇议论文。文章以爱丁堡艺穗节引入人工智能为切入点，通过演员和主办者对AI的不同反应，引出大众以及专家对AI潜在威胁的担忧，从而引发公众对AI应用的关切。8.C代词指代题。“Thatwaspartofthepoint”这句话的意思是“那正是（我们引入AI的）部分目的”。在行文中，that一般代指其上文所说的事物或事情，本文中它的上文是“butsometimestheyweren’tfunnyatall”。故选C。9.B推理判断题。根据第三段Novellie所说“让AI精通喜剧创作还有很长的路要走，喜剧是AI最难以接近的领域……”可推知他认为AI取代喜剧演员不是一件容易的事。10.A细节理解题。文章第四段提到PeterBazely使用AI是因为他自己目前创作不出什么笑话或喜剧。故选A。11.D推理判断题。本文从爱丁堡艺穗节引入AI这件事切入，通过展示艺穗节参与者对AI进入喜剧行业的不同反应引出最后一段，呼吁人们关注AI介入相关行业这件事及其潜在威胁。故选择D项。C项把潜在威胁说成已存在的危险，不符合题意。D本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了火对草原上的紫锥花繁衍再生的影响。12.C推理判断题。根据第二段“Fireprovidesanadditionaladvantageforthenarrow-leavedpurpleconeflower(紫锥花)”、第三段“Purpleconeflowersandmanyotherprairieplantswerepreviouslyknowntobloomenergeticallyafterfires.”可知，这项新的研究是基于“火对紫锥花等草原植物有益”这一事实展开的。13.D推理判断题。根据第二段中的相关数据可知，Wagenius与其研究团队追踪观察紫锥花的时间长达20年，观察了将近8000株紫锥花，他们还开展了400多次受控的燃烧实验以观察被火烧过后紫锥花的开花情况。因此推断作者想通过这些数据来说明这项研究得出的结论是相对客观可靠的。故选D。14.B段落大意题。第三段首句提到之前的研究表明火能让草原植物开更多花，接着述了火的另外一个作用，即能让紫锥花同时开花并且产出的种子数量比往年多一倍；最后一句提到现在还不明确为什么火会给紫锥花带来这样的改变。所以本段主要介绍了火对草原上植物的影响。故选B。15.C推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可推知，KathrynYurkonis既承认了这一发现带来的好处，也指出了其不足，因此她的态度是客观的。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明活在当下的意义和可行的方法。16.G本段开头说明没有活在当下（沉溺过去或焦虑未来）给人们带来的危害，然后提到你（读者）也可能是其中一员，说明这种现象对你（读者）的危害。G项“学会活在当下可以极大地提升你的生活幸福感”可以承接上文。17.A本段小标题为“关注你的周围”，因此A项与上文衔接自然，表示“现在闭上眼睛，深吸一口气，然后睁开眼睛，认真观察你所处的环境”。A项中的“whereyouare”与小标题中的“YourSurroundings”相呼应。18.F本段的小标题为“感恩你所拥有的”。F项为本段中心句，是对小标题的更详细的解释；且F项中“appreciate”与小标题中的“BeGratefulfor”、空后的“youaregratefulfor”相呼应。19.C本段小标题为“接受现实”。空前介绍“接受现实”的方法：通过放弃幻想来接受现实。本空接着解释要放弃幻想的原因：人不可能控制发生在自身周围的一切。故选C项。20.E本段小标题为“寻积极正面的社交支持”。空前提到“与积极正面的人交往会增加你自己的正能量和幸福感”，所以此处选E“相应地，这种正能量和幸福感会使你更关注身边正在发生的事情”承接上文。本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自身经历说明了拖延会带来的后果，警示人们无论事情是大是小，尽量及早解决。公众号：全元高考21.C根据语境及下文中的“turnoffthatvalve”可知，作者应该做的是关掉阀门。22.D根据后文中的“Thecityalreadywarnedunpleasantresultscouldfollow”“Mywife,Anita,alsotalkedaboutitseveraltimes.”可知，作者并非没有被提醒过要关掉阀门。23.A根据上下文语境可知，此处表示市政已经警示过居民：如果未能及时关闭阀门，会产生不好的结果。24.B根据下文的对话内容可知，此处表示因作者的妻子提醒他关闭阀门而时常会有类似这样的对话。25.C根据上下文语境和句意可知，当被妻子问到有没有关闭阀门时，作者总会回答道：“是的，我需要去完成这件事。”26.D根据上文对话可知，此处表示作者的妻子希望他能在天气变得很冷之前把自来水的阀门关掉。27.A根据语境可知，作者真诚地向妻子保证：“我明天就会把它关掉。”28.B根据句意可知，因为天气一直很暖和，并且暖秋后面通常会是暖冬，所以作者心里一直认为不需要急着关掉阀门。29.C根据语境可知，作者一直告诉自己，“天气变冷了，我就会去关掉它”。作者内心认为一直不关阀门不会有什么问题，而且这件事可以很快地完成。毕竟，关闭阀门只需要花费大约42秒的时间。30.B根据上文内容可知，关闭阀门是一件非常简单的事情。31.A根据下文内容可知，作者一家因为没能及时关闭阀门付出了昂贵的代价（阀门破裂、地下室被淹等）。payfor表示“（为某种过失）付出代价”。32.C根据语