高二年级阅读理解专项练习：社会生活

WeekNine社会生活一、阅读理解（共14小题；共分）ANEWYORK:NewYorkonThursday,13Sept,becamethefirstcityintheUnitedStatestoenforcealimitedbanonsuper-sizedsodadrinksblamedbyMayorMichaelBloombergforfuellinganationalobesitycrisis.TheBoardofHealth'sformalapprovaloftheban-proposedbyBloombergandpraisedbyhealthcampaigners,buthotlyopposedbysoftdrinksmanufacturers—wasnotconsideredasurprise.Thecityhealthcommissioner,ThomasFarley,calledthevote"historic".However,LizBerman,presidentofContinentalFoodandBeverageandheadoftheNewYorkersforBeverageChoiceslobbygroup,describedthe"discriminatoryban"asa"fix"."It'ssadthattheboardwantstolimitourchoices.Wearesmartenoughtomakeourowndecisionsaboutwhattoeatanddrink."shesaidinastatement.However,thereisnothingtostoppeoplefrombuyingasmuchsodaastheylikebyrefillingsmallercontainers.Also,thebandoesnotextendtodrinkssoldinsupermarketsoranydairyorfruitdrinks,manyofwhichalsocontainhugequantitiesofsugar.Dietandalcoholicdrinksarealsoexempted.Themeasure,whichcouldfacelegalchallengesfromthesoftdrinksindustry,takeseffectinsixmonths.Accordingtoofficialstatistics,some6,000peopleinNewYorkdieeachyearfromobesity-linkedproblems.OneineightadultNewYorkershasdiabetes,whichcanbeworsenedbysugarconsumption.Boostingthemayor,thenewly-builtbasketballstadiumfortheBrooklynNetsannounceditwillimmediatelyadopttherules,wellaheadoftheMarch12deadline.Themeasuregeneratedastormydebate,including38,000commentswrittentotheBoardofHealth.Pollsshowedamajorityofpeopleopposedtheban.1.WhydoesNewYorkenforcethelimitedbanonsuper-sizedsodadrinks?A.Becauseitisbelievedthatsodadrinksareofharmtohealth.B.Becauseitisbelievedthatsodadrinkscausethenationoverweight.C.Becausetoomanypeopledon'tlikedrinkingsodadrinks.D.Becausesuper-sizedsodadrinksblockthesugarconsumption.2.What'stheattitudeoftheconsumerstowardsthelimitedban?A.Supportive.B.Opposed.C.Neutral.D.Notmentioned.3.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutLizBerman?A.Sheisinchargeoftheproductionofsodadrinksalloverthecountry.B.Sheisveryangrythatthecitygovernmentlimitswhattoeatanddrink.C.Shetakesthelimitedbanonsuper-sizedsodadrinksasanunfairone.D.Sheissmartenoughtoknowwhatsheeatsordrinks.4.Theunderlinedword"exempted"means

inthe7thparagraph.A.relievedB.unfairC.upsetD.limited5.Whenwillthelimitedbanbecarriedoutaccordingtothepassage?A.ThisSeptember.B.ThisNovember.C.ThecomingJanuary.D.ThecomingMarch.BForDurjana,panhandlingbyforcingalong-tailedmonkeytoperformonthesidewalksofJakartaandlettingitinteractwithpassersbyforsmallchangeisnothingmorethanawaytomakealiving.ThislifestylehasproventobearisktobothDurjanaandthepeoplewhowalkpasthimandhismonkey.Andthewelfareoftheanimalisalsoinseveredanger.Durjanaadmitsheisworriedabouttherisks,buttrieshisbesttoberesponsible.Hegivesthemonkeysomeover-the-countermedicineatthefirstsignsoftheflu,hopingitwillcuretheanimal."Ifthemonkeystartstosneezeandlookunfit,Itrytocureitwithanykindofmedicinethatwehumansconsumetocuretheflu,butIgiveithalfthenormaldosage,"hesaid,unawarethatasimplesneezecanreleaseaninfectiousdiseaseintotheair.Tuberculosisandvarietyofotherdiseasescanbetransferredfromamonkeytoahuman,andthatincludeshumansthatdon'tcomeinphysicalcontactwiththemonkey.Asidefromtuberculosisorherpes,anotherzoonosis,ahumancancontractrabiesifbittenbyadiseasedmonkey.ButthereisnoeasywayforDurjana,andthehundredsofmonkey-handlersonthestreetstoknowiftheirmonkeysarecarryingafataldisease."Somediseasesarenotvisibleonthesurfaceandcanbeseenonlybyhealthtests,andthat'swhytheJakartaAnimalAidNetwork(JAAN)wasconductinghealthchecksforthemonkeys,"saidDavidvanGennep,executivedirectorofAAP,aNetherlands—basedrescuecenterandsanctuaryforprimatesandotherexoticmammals,duringarecentvisittoJakarta.6.Howdomonkey-handlersmakealiving?A.Byperformingonthesidewalks.B.Byentertainingthepassersby.C.Bywalkingpastthepassersby.D.Bylettingthemonkeysinteractwithpassersby.7.WhatcanweinferfromthewordsDurjanasaid?A.Heknowsexactlywhatriskthemonkeycanbring.B.Heisquitesurehowtocurethemonkeyofitsdisease.C.Hedoesn'thopetospendmuchmoneyontheweakmonkey.D.Heisn'tawareoftheseverediseasethemonkeymaybring.8.Howmanykindsofdiseasescanamonkeybringtoahuman?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.9.WhyCAN'Tmanymonkey-handlersonthestreetsknowwhetherthemonkeyscarryadeadlydisease?A.Theydon'thaveaccesstohealthtests.B.Somediseasesarehardtofindforcommonpeople.C.Themonkey-handlersarenotsoclever.D.Themonkeysareunwillingtobechecked.10.WhereisthegeneralofficeofAAP?A.InJakarta.B.IntheUSA.C.InNetherlands.D.InAustralia.CWeuselanguageeverydaytoexpressouremotions,butcanthislanguageactuallyaffectwhatandhowwefeel?TwonewstudiesfromPsychologicalScience,ajournaloftheAssociationforPsychologicalScience,explorethewaysinwhichtheinteractionbetweenlanguageandemotioninfluencesourwell-being.PuttingFeelingsintoWordsCanHelpUsCopewithScarySituationsKatharinaKircanskiandcolleaguesattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesinvestigatedwhetherverbalizingacurrentemotionalexperience,evenwhenthatexperienceisnegative,mightbeaneffectivemethodfortreatingforpeoplewithspiderphobias.Inanexposuretherapystudy,participantswereputintodifferentexperimentalgroupsandtheywereinstructedtoapproachaspideroverseveralsuccessivedays.Onegroupwastoldtoputtheirfeelingsintowordsbydescribingtheirnegativeemotionsaboutapproachingthespider.Anothergroupwasaskedto"judge"thesituationbydescribingthespiderusingemotionallyneutralwords.Athirdgroupwastoldtotalkaboutanunrelatedtopic(thingsintheirhome)andafourthgroupreceivednointervention.Participantswhoputtheirnegativefeelingsintowordsweremosteffectiveatloweringtheirlevelsofphysiologicalarousal.Theywerealsoslightlymorewillingtoapproachthespider.Thefindingssuggestthattalkingaboutyourfeelings—evenifthey'renegative-mayhelpyoutocopewithascarysituation.UnlockingPastEmotion:TheVerbsWeUseCanAffectMoodandHappinessOurmemoryforeventsisinfluencedbythelanguageweuse.Whenwetalkaboutapastoccurrence,wecandescribeitasongoing(Iwasrunning)oralreadycompleted(Iran).Toinvestigatewhetherusingthesedifferentwordingsmightaffectourmoodandoverallhappiness,WillHartoftheUniversityofTheauthorsconcludethatonepotentialwaytoimprovemoodcouldbetotalkaboutnegativepasteventsassomethingthatalreadyhappenedasopposedtosomethingthatwashappening.11.Whathasaninfluenceonpeople'shappiness?A.Language.B.Theinteractionbetweenlanguageandemotion.C.Emotion.D.Thewayspeopleareliving.12.Whichgroupprovesthefirstconclusion?A.GroupOne.B.GroupTwo.C.GroupThree.D.GroupFour.13.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Negativepasteventsmaybechangedbytalkinginoppositewords.B.Someunpleasantpastexperienceexpresseddifferentlywillimproveone'smood.C.Whatishappeningnowcaninfluenceourpastemotion.D.Whathappenedinthepastmaystillaffectusevenforlong.14.Howdoeslanguageaffectone'semotion?A.Byinfluencingthecurrentexperienceandthepastmemory.B.Byputtingfeelingsintoourmemoryandunlockingpastemotion.C.Byverbalizingacurrentemotionalexperience.D.Byinfluencingourmemoryforevents.二、完形填空（共20小题；共分）BANGKOK-AspeedboatcarryingdozensofforeigntouristsnearThailand'spopularresortislandofAll41peopleaboard15

.Theboatwascarrying37AsianandEuropean16

andfourThaicrewmemberswhenit17

intheAndamanSea,MarinePoliceLt-ColPanyaChaichanasaid.TheboatwasheadedtoPhuketNavyships,fishingboatsandothernearbyvessels19

tothesceneandwereabletorescueeveryone20

,Panyasaid.WilliamIhaka,a43-year-oldAustraliantouristwhowas21

thoserescued,toldTheAssociatedPresstheexperiencewas22

."Theseawasvery23

…thewaterkeptcomingoverthefrontoftheboat,andtherewassomuch24

comingoverthefrontthattheboatstarted25

withwater,"Ihakasaid.Thecrew"toldustoputlifejacketson,andaboutfiveminuteslater,theboatsank.Sowealljumpedoff.Wewere26

inthesea."Another27

passengertravelingwithIhaka,39-year-oldElizabethHickey,saidshewas"28

andfrightened.""Wewerebothseatedatthe29

,andthewaterhitusbeforeit30

anyoneelse,"shesaid."Wecouldseethewaves,andwejustknewthatitwasgoingto31

,weknewthattheboatwasgoingtosink."ColinDallimors,a48-year-oldBritishtourist,saidthefirstgiant32

swampedtheboatandstoppedtheengine,thenanotherwavestrucksoonafter,dealinga33

blow."Everyonewastryingto34

.Theboatsank,theboatwentdown,"Dallimorssaid."I'veneverseenanythinglikethat."Thailand'sMeteorologicalDepartmenthadpredictedstrongrainandhighwavesintheareaonMonday.15.A.diedB.survivedC.killedD.fainted16.A.touristsB.settlersC.soldiersD.workers17.A.brokeB.crashedC.sankD.sailed18.A.journalB.seaC.shipD.destination19.A.racedB.droveC.roseD.ran20.A.inpersonB.onpurposeC.byaccidentD.onboard21.A.beforeB.behindC.amongD.under22.A.terrifyingB.satisfyingC.excitingD.amusing23.A.gentleB.calmC.shallowD.rough24.A.windB.waterC.fishD.storm25.A.fillingupB.comingupC.puttingupD.dryingup26.A.dyingB.drowningC.floatingD.drinking27.A.AmericanB.AustralianC.BritishD.Chinese28.A.excitedB.scaredC.amazedD.upset29.A.frontB.backC.sideD.indoors30.A.beatB.struckC.defeatedD.hit31.A.goupB.goawayC.gooffD.godown32.A.lightningB.thunderstormC.waveD.attack33.A.goodB.extremeC.disastrousD.strong34.A.stayoutB.pickoutC.getoutD.turnout三、阅读理解（共4小题；共分）Lonelinesshasbeenlinkedtodepression(抑郁)andotherhealthproblems.Now,astudysaysitcanalsospread.Afriendofalonelypersonwasfifty-twopercentmorelikelytodevelopfeelingsofloneliness.Andafriendofthatfriendwastwenty-fivepercentmorelikelytodothesame.Earlierfindingsshowedthathappiness,obesity(肥胖)andtheabilitytostopsmokingcanalsospreadlikeinfectionswithinsocialgroups.ThefindingsallcomefromamajorhealthstudyintheAmericantownofFramingham,Massachusetts.Thestudybeganin1948toinvestigatethecausesofheartdisease.Sincethen,moretestshavebeenadded,includingmeasuresoflonelinessanddepression.ThenewfindingsinvolvedmorethanfivethousandpeopleinthesecondgenerationoftheFraminghamHeartStudy.Theresearchersexaminedfriendshiphistoriesandreportsofloneliness.Theresultsestablishedapatternthatspreadaspeoplereportedfewerclosefriends.Forexample,lonelinesscanaffectrelationshipsbetweennext-doorneighbors.Thelonelinessspreadsasneighborswhowereclosefriendsnowspendlesstimetogether.Thestudyalsofoundthatlonelinessspreadsmoreeasilyamongwomenthanmen.Theaveragepersonissaidtoexperiencefeelingsoflonelinessaboutforty-eightdaysayear.Thestudyfoundthathav