广东省2022年中考英语复习学案-专题十二主谓一致

专题十二主谓一致主谓一致的三大原则原则意义例句语法一致原则主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式Tomisagoodstudent.汤姆是个好学生。Theyoftenplayfootballontheplayground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。意义一致原则主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数形式;主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这时谓语动词用单数形式Myfamilyarehavinglunchnow.我们一家人现在正在吃午饭。Twentydollarsistooexpensiveforthebook.这本书20美元太贵了。就近一致原则指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近它的主语Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisstudentslikeplayingfootball.不仅那个老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生们也喜欢踢足球。语法一致考点例句①单数名词、代词和不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;复数名词、代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式ThedeskisTom’s.这张桌子是汤姆的。Thestudentsareplayingfootballontheplayground.这些学生正在操场上踢足球。②morethanone+单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式MorethanonestudenthaseverbeentoBeijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。③主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat.每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。④动词不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛是有益的。⑤当主语部分含有with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,besides,except,but,like等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式需根据真正的主语而定MikewithhisfatherhasbeentoEngland.迈克和他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike,likehisbrotherenjoysplayingfootball.迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。⑥由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数形式;但当and所连接的并列主语是同一个人、事物或概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。这两种情况区分如下;a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词,指的是同一个人或物;a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词,指两个不同的人或物Thewriterandteacheriscoming.那位作家兼教师要来。(作家和教师指同一个人)Thewriterandtheteacherarecoming.那位作家和那位老师要来。(作家和老师是两个人)⑦不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anyone,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式Iseveryoneheretoday?今天大家都到齐了吗?Somethingiswrongwithhim.他生病了。Nobodywasintheoffice.没有人在办公室里。续表考点例句⑧由both...and...连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式Bothhisfatherandhismotherareteachers.他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。⑨anumberof+复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;thenumberof+复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式Anumberoffamouspeoplewereinvitedtotheparty.许多名人都被邀请参加了这个聚会。Thenumberofthestudentsisovereighthundred.学生数量超过800人。⑩由kindof,pairof,glassof,setof等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时,谓语动词形式与kind,pair,glass等量词保持一致ThispairofshoesisTom’s.这双鞋是汤姆的。Therearetwoglassesofwateronthetable.桌上有两杯水。(B)1.Noone_______speakEnglishbadly.

A.want B.wantsto C.wantto D.wants(C)2.Everyone_______IcomefromHebei.Actually,IcomefromShandong.

A.think B.find C.thinks D.finds(B)3.Mary,alongwithherparents_______Hainanforaweekandtheywillcomebacksoon.

A.havebeento B.hasbeenin C.havebeenin D.hasbeento(C)4.Helpingthepoortoberich_______ourduty.

A.am B.are C.is D.were(C)5.Look!Thesetofkeys_______ontheteacher’sdesk.

A.are B.were C.is D.was意义一致①表示时间、距离、价格、重量、数目、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,表示是整体概念,谓语动词用单数Twomonthsisalongholiday.两个月是一个长假。②the+形容词作主语,表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数形式;表示抽象概念时,谓语动词用单数形式Thepoorareveryhappy,butthericharesad.穷人很快乐,富人却很悲伤。Theunknownisalwayssomethingtobefeared.未知的东西总是令人害怕的。③the+姓的复数形式,表示一家人或者夫妇两个,谓语动词用复数TheGreensaregoingtoGermanynextweek.格林一家打算下周去德国。④集体名词:family,class,team,group,enemy,police,population等表示整体概念时,谓语动词用单数;表示成员时,谓语动词用复数ClassOneisaverygoodclass.一班是个很好的班。NowClassOnearehavingabasketballmatch.现在一班的学生在进行篮球比赛。⑤名词性物主代词mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs等作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于该动词后面名词的数,动词后面的名词是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;动词后面名词为复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式Hisisanewbike.他的是辆新自行车。Oursareoldbikes.我们的是些旧自行车。⑥分数作主语时,依名词的单复数而定。若所修饰的名词是单数,则谓语动词用单数;若所修饰的名词是复数,则谓语动词用复数Threequartersoftheworkisdonebythecomputer.四分之三的工作是由电脑完成的。Onehalfofthestudentshavepassedtheexam.一半的学生已经通过了考试。(B)1.Peterwithhisclassmates_______forthebuswhentheearthquakehappened.

A.iswaiting B.waswaiting C.arewaiting D.werewaiting(A)2.MrWangtogetherwithhiswifeandchildren_______inthecountryside.

A.enjoysliving B.enjoyliving C.enjoystolive D.enjoytolive(A)3.Hisfamily_______allverykindandfriendly.Hisfamily_______ahappyone.

A.are;is B.is;is C.are;are D.is;are(A)4.Theclass_______outonvacation.Theyaresupposedtobebacktoschoolthisafternoon.

A.are B.were C.is D.was就近一致neither...nor...,either...or...,notonly...butalso...,not...but...以及therebe连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词跟它靠近的主语一致NeitherInorshelikeslisteningtothissong.她和我都不喜欢听这首歌。Thereisaknifeandtwopensinthebox.盒子里有一把刀和两支钢笔。(A)1.Eitherthestudentsortheteacher_______himverywell.

A.knows B.toknow C.know D.knew(B)2.NeithermysisternorI_______beentoXi’anbefore.

A.havenever B.haveever C.hasnever D.hasever(A)3.NotonlyyoubutalsoI_______interestedinthecartooncalledPeppaPig.

A.am B.is C.are D.be(A)1.(2020·安顺中考)Asweallknow,usingpublicchopsticks_______necessarywhenweeatwithothers.

A.is B.are C.was D.were(B)2.(2020·牡丹江中考改编)—Thetalentshowsarebecominghotterandhotteronline.—Exactly.Halfofourclass_______interestedinthemrecently.

A.is B.are C.was D.were(B)3.(2020·铜仁中考)—Maria,whatdoyouthinkofMountFanjing?—Verycool.I_______thereonce.I’dliketogothereagain.

A.hasbeen B.havebeen C.havegone D.hasgone(B)4.(2020·大庆中考)Ontheleftoftheplayground_______thelibrary.There_______manybooksandcomputersinit.

A.are;is B.is;are C.are;are D.is;is(B)5.(2020·广元中考)InFebruary,2020,manydoctorsandnurses_______toWuhantosavethepatients.

A.wassent B.weresent C.aresent D.issent(C)6.(2020·广元中考)Tom,togetherwithhisfriends,often_______totheoldpeople’shometocheertheoldup.

A.go B.going C.goes D.went(C)7.(2020·孝感中考)Sofar,thenumberofpeopleusing5Gmobilephones_______alot.

A.isincreasing B.areincreasingC.hasincreased D.haveincreased(B)8.(2020·天水中考)NotonlyJimbutalsohissister_______afewcitiesinthesouthsincetheycametoChina.

A.havevisited B.hasvisited C.visited D.visits(C)9.(2020·齐齐哈尔中考)Toavoidgathering(聚集),neitherthestudentsnortheirteacher_______goingtothepartythisevening.

A.was B.are C.is D.were(C)10.(2021·遂宁中考)Thenumberofthewhales_______smallerandsmallerbecauseofhumanactivitiesnow.

A.were B.was C.is D.are(B)11.(2021·柳州中考)He_______likehisbrother.

A.look B.looks C.looking D.islook(B)12.NotonlyPeterbutalsohisfather_______crazyaboutthebasketballmatch.

A.am B.is C.are D.be语法选择Threesmallfishlivedinthesea.1theywereveryyoungtheirparentsdied.Theyhadtolookaftereachotherdayafterday.Finally,theygrewupanddaredtoswim2andfurther.

Onemorning,thethreefishwere3toashallow(浅)waterbyabigwave(浪).Asmallboatwastakenthere,too.Itwashard4thefishtogobacktotheseabecausetheboatwasrightinfrontofthem.Thelargestfishrealizedthattheywereindangerandsaidtheyhadtofindawaytoleavethereasfastaspossible.The5largestfishagreedwithhiselderbrother,buttheyoungestonedidnot.Hesaidthatthere6muchwaterfortheiractivities,sohewouldnotworryatallandstillswamaroundhappily.Atlast,thelargestfishreturnedtotheseabyjumpingover7partof