江苏省南京市六校2021高三上学期期初联考英语试题含答案

南京市六校2021届高三上学期期初联考英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最住选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍1.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.HaveacoffeeB.CleanherhouseC.Attendameeting.2.Whatdoesthewomanaskfor?A.Adressofdifferentsize.B.Adressofbetterquality.C.Adressofabrightcolor.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Borrowaladder.B.Takehisleave.C.Cleantheroof.4.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Gototheman'splace.B.CalltheHillsboroHotel.C.Reserveanexhibitionhall.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Inamuseum.C.Inthecitysquare.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。6.Whyhasthemanhardlyseenthewomanlately?A.ShehadatrafficaccidentB.ShemovedtoanotherplaceCSheisworkingunusuallyhours7.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Atabusstop.C.Inanapartment.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。8.Whatdoesthemanhavetodonow?A.Planatrip.B.Lookforajob.C.Makeadecision.9.WhatdocsthewomanthinkofthejourneytoSouthAmerica?A.Dangerous.B.Exciting.C.Expensive.10.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Goingabroad.B.Stayingathome.C.Openingabookstore.11.Whatistheradioprogramfor?A.Sharingpersonalfeelings.B.Discussinglanguageskills.C.Promotingcommunityservice.12.WhatisthesecondpointProf.SheffieldmentionedA.Togivedetailsandfacts.B.Tointroducemainideas.C.Toconcludethearticle.13.WhatmakesanexcellentarticleaccordingtoProf.SheffieldA.Formallanguage.B.Detailedfacts.C.Personalstyle.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Asummerjob.B.Abirthdayparty.C.Afoodcompany.15.Whatdoestheman'scompanydo?A.Designfurniture.B.Organizeconcerts.C.Offerfoodservices.16.Whatwillthemandobeforetheparty?A.Settables.B.Cookfood.C.Playmusic.17.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman'swork?A.Difficult.B.Interesting.C.Valuable.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。18.WhatdotheHoffmansdoforaliving?A.Theyaregardeners.B.Theysellvegetable:C.Theyrunaguesthouse.19.Howmuchdirectsunshinedotomatoplantsactuallyneed'everyday?A.Fivehours.B.Eighthours.C.Twelvehours.20.WhydoIrishpotatoesgrowbetterintheshade?A.Theyhavedeeperroots.B.Theyhavewiderleaves.C.Theyhavebiggerflowers.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASeveralyearsago,ourfamilyrentedahousethathadabasementapartmentunderours.Theyoungcouplewholivedbelowuswerequietandmodest.Theirdog,however,wasnot.Codywasanoutgoingblackdogwithabigtail.Helovedtogreetusbyplantinghishugepawsonourchest.OurdogTashahasasimilarcharacteristic.BecauseshesharedtheyardwithCody,theysoonbecamegoodfriends.Weoftensawaballofblackandwhitefurastheyracedneckandnecktowardsomeunluckybirdthathadjustlandedintheyard.TheonlytimeIsawanyconflictbetweenthetwodogswaswhenwefedTashaCodywouldjumpup.expectingtoshareTasha'sfood.However,Tashawouldbarkfiercely.Codywouldchangehisstrategy,droppingtohisbellyandmovingslowlytowardTasha'sdish.ButthisfriendlybehaviordidnotimpressTasha.ThecloserCodygot,thelouderTashashouted.Finally.Codywouldslipawaywithhistailbetweenhislegs-untilnextmealtime.ThenCody,evertheoptimist,wouldreplaythescene.withthesamedisappointingconclusionOnedaymyhusbandJeffcamehomequiteupsetHehadjustfoundCodylyingbythesideoftheroad.killedbyaspeedingtruck.TashacleanedCody'ssmoothblackfurwithhernoseandmouthandwhined(R).Overthenextfewweeks.Tashawasinlowspiritswithhertailbetweenherlegs.Sheobviouslymissedheroldfriend.Atthesametime,Tasha'sdishdisappeared.Wereplaceditwithanother,onlytohavethatonedisappearaswell.Therefollowedasteadysuccession(连续）ofbowls,plates,evenanoldcoffeecan.TheyalldisappearedFinally,themysterywassolvedwhenourneighborknockedonourdoor,herarmsloadedwiththemissingdishes,somestillhalf-fullofdogfood.＂Aretheseyours?"sheasked.WhenJeffandInodded,sheexplained,"lsawTashaheadedtowardtheroad,soIfollowedher.ThenInoticedallthesedishesinapile."Puzzled,Iasked,"Wherewerethey?"“Well,youknow,"sheansweredthoughtfully,FitwasrightbytheplacewhereCodydied.Isn'tthatstrange?SurelyTashacouldn't..."Hervoiceturneddowninconfusion.JeffandIexchangedglances.HasTashabeenbeggingheroldfriendbackbyofferinghimtheonethingsherefusedtogivehimwhenhewasalive?Eventoday,retellingthestorymakesmefeelsad.Itraisesquestionsaboutanimal’sintelligenceandemotions.ItalsoremindsmethatIneedtosharewhateverblessingsI'vereceivedwithothersbeforeit'stoolate.21.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatTashaA.wasanoutgoingwhitedogB.livedinabasementapartmentC.waspotfriendlytotheyoungcoupleD.wastheenemyofCodyduetotheyard22.AdogoftenfeelsdisappointedorsadwhenA.droppingtothebellyB.barkingfiercelyC.puttingthetailbetweenlegsD.cleaningfurwithitsmouth23.Intheauthor'sopinion,whydidTashamoveitsfoodaway?A.Becauseitwantedtohideitforherself.B.BecauseitwantedtohideitforCody.C.BecauseitwantedtoshowCodywhatithad.D.BecauseitwantedCodytocomebacktolife.BItispracticallyinevitable:sometimearoundtheageof40.peoplestarttoneedreadingglasses.Tryastheymight,there'snoavoidingitOnemobileappcreatorclaimsthatpracticingwiththeirtechnologycantrainyoureyestoseebetter.thoughsomeeyedoctorsarenotsure.Thereasonwhymanypeopleeventuallyneedreadingglassesisthatthelens(晶状体）oftheeyelosesflexibilitywithage,andhastroublefocusingonnearbyobjects.Theconditioniscalledpresbyopia(老花眼），whichisjustanaturalsideeffectofaging.ThefirstappclaimingtoworkoutthesolutioniscalledGlassesOff.Firstyoutakeatestgivenbytheapp,andthenfollowitscustomizedtrainingcourse.Threedaysaweek,for12-15minutes,you'llgothroughaseriesofvisualexercises,suchasrecognizingsmallgraylettersonagrayscreen.Aftertwoorthreemonths.itclaimsthatyoucankissyourreadingglassesgoodbye.“wewantedtodevelopanapplicationthatcanhelppeopleimprovetheirreadingabilitybyimprovingthewaythatthebrainprocessesinformation."saysGlassesOffCEONimrodMadar.Untilrecentlyitwasn'tpossiblebecausescientistsdidnotunderstandhowtheimageprocessingcapabilityofthebrainactuallyworks."GlassesOffcomesupwiththeideaofneuroplasticity(神经可塑性）.Studieshaveshownthatthroughtraining.newconnectionscanbemadeinthebrainSothatitcancontinueadaptingtotheworldaroundus.Intermsofvision,thismeansthatthroughtraining,thebrainmaybeabletoformnewconnectionsthatallowittoclearlyprocesstextevenwhenthetextisblurredbyagingeyes.Ina30-personstudypublishedinScientificReportsinFebruary,someparticipantswereabletoreadletters1.6timessmallerafterusingtheapp.Adultsaged40to60yearsoldhadthemostsuccess.Thestudyalsofoundthattheusers'eyehealthimprovedbyanaverageof8.6years.Soundstoogoodtobetrue?Well,itprobablyis."Humanvisionqualityisdeterminedbythephysicaleyeandthewayhebrainreadstheinformationthattheeyecaptures,saysRhee,adoctorfromHarvardUniversity."Tothinkthatwecanreverse(逆转）presbyopiaonlybyneuroplasticityisjustnotaccurate."Itmightnotmakeahugedifferenceintermsoffightingpresbyopia,butbraintrainingcouldmakeadifferenceforyoungerpeoplewhoseeyesarestillmoreflexible.24.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutpresbyopia?A.Itisactuallyanaturalphenomenonofagingofhumaneyes.B.Peopletendtosufferformitwhentheyreachtheageof40.C.Itcanbepreventedbymeansofpropereyemuscleexercising.D.Itoccurswheneyesfailtofocusonnearbyobjectswell.25.GlassesOffmayimprovepeople'sreadingabilitybyA.helpingpeoplestayawayfrompresbyopiaB.reducingthenegativeeffectsofagingoneyesC.makingthetextthatpeoplereadlargerthannormalD.trainingthebraintoprocessvisualinformationbetter26.ThefourthparagraphmainlytellusA.theprincipleonwhichGlassesOffworksB.whyresearcherscameupwithGlassesoffC.howtrainingmakesnewconnectionsinourbrainD.nowourbrainprocessestheinformationthatoureyestakein27.WhatisRhee'sattitudetowardsGlassesOff?A.OptimisticB.NegativeC.DoubtfulD.UnconcernedCTheU.S.hasmorethan4,000wildbeespecies,andmanyareindangerofdyingoutduetohumanactivity,chemicaloveruseandclimatechange.InColorado,theGirlScouttroops(童子军团)havetakeonthetaskofsavingbees.Theymadetinyhomesforwildbeescalled"beehotels"tofightthebigdropinthepopulationofbees.Beehotelsarelikebirdhousesforwildbees.Sincewildbeesdon'tmakehoney,theydon'tliveinthecontainersforbees,buttheyalwaysneedasuitablehabitat(栖息地）.Outinthewild,thesebeesoftenliveholesofdeadtreesandbrokenbranches.Butnaturalhabitatscanbehardtocomebyinthedevelopedareas,whicharewherebeehotelscomein.DennisvanEngelsdrop,aprofessorattheUniversityofMaryland,saysthatbeehotelsplayanimportantroleinkeepingthewildbeepopulation.Whenwildbeescheckoutoftheirhotelrooms,theyleavetheirkidsbehind.Awildbeeproduceshereggsandleavesfoodforthemtoeat.Ifbuiltcorrectly,beehotelscanevenattractnewbeespecies.Thetroopsrepurposedcarboardboxes,paperpipes,etc.tocreatehomesforbeesintheirlocalcommunity.Ahoteldesigncanbeassimpleaspaperpipesstuckintoabox.Afterbuildingtheirbeehotels,thegirlswentouttoplacethemingreenpocketsoftheircommunity,suchascommunitygardens."ThemostinterestingthingIlearnediswhenyouthinkofbees,youjustthinkofhoneybees,buttherearesomanydifferenttypes,"saysAimee,aGirlScout.Workingwithbeescanbeadauntingtask.Manychildrenonlyknowthemfromthepainofbites.ButtheGirlScoutslearnedtoovercometheirfears."Itwashardformetogotolookatthebees,"saysanothergirl."I'mgladI'did.Weneedbeesforfoodandflowers.”Beesareabigdealintheworldofplantreproduction.Theymovepollen(花粉）fromoneplanttoanother.Whilehoneybeeslivecommunally,mostbeespeciesarewildandliveontheirown.Honeybeesmaybebetterknown,butwildbeesareimportantpollinators(授花粉者）too.Thebeehotelprojectalsoplaysanimportantroleinbringingupanewgenerationofresponsiblecitizens."Whatyou'reseeingisthatyouneedbeestosurvive;sowhoisbettertobeconcernedaboutthatthantheyounggeneration?"vanEngelsdropsays."Theseeffortsarereallygoodbecausehopefullythegirlswillshowlifelongdevotiontothepreservation."28.Whatmightbethepurposeofbeehotels?A.Testorethepollenwildbeeshavecollected.BToattractmorebeesatothedevelopedarea.CTomakebeestolivetogetherasacommunity.DToofferwildbeesaplacetoliveandproduceyoung.2o.Whichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"daunting"inthethirdparagraph?A.TiringB.ConfusingC.FrighteningD.Moving30.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.WildbeescanenjoyagoodlifethankstobeehotelsB.TheGirlScoutsavewildbeesbybuildingbeehotels.C.Thebeehotelprojectmakesyounggirlsresponsible.D.Moreandmorebeesareprovidedwithnaturalhabitats.第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，Concertsshouldbeafunandenjoyableoccasionforeveryoneattendingthem,includingthemusicians.Nomatterwhattypeofconcertoneisattending,heisstillexpectedtofollowtherulesconcertetiquette(礼仪）.31Classicalmusicconcertsareofteneventswhereconcertetiquetteisconsideredtobeveryimportant.Oneshouldgenerallyarriveafewminutesbeforetheshowstarts,sohecanbeinhisseatatthebeginningofthefirstmusicalperformance.Ifhearriveslate,itmaybeconsideredrudetowalkinandtakehisseatinthemiddleofamusicalperformance.32Inthisway,hewillnotinfluenceotheraudienceswhilethemusicisbeingplayed.33Takejazzconcertsforexample.Peopleareusuallynotcriticizedformakingasmallamountofnoise,aslongasitisnottroublingotheraudiences.Forexample,theymaytalkquietlyduringaperformance.Rockandheavymetalconcertetiquetteisveryrelaxed.34However,audiencesarestillexpectedtoshowsomegoodmannersduringaperformance.Also,rockconcertsareoftenverycrowded,particularlyintheareassurroundingthestage.35Butoneshouldstillpayattentiontohissurroundings.Steppingonsomeone'sfootrepeatedlymaycauseafightaswell.A.Thiswillusuallybeannouncedbeforetheconcertbegins.B.Instead,heshouldwaitforonesongtoendbeforetakinghisseat.C.Rockconcertgoers,ontheotherhand,canusuallygetalittlelouder.D.Peoplearenotusuallydiscouragedfromtalkingatthesetypesofconcerts.E.Inlargegroupsofpeoplelikethis,itisnotunusualtotouchothersattimes.F.Concertetiquetteforothertypesofconcertsisusuallyalittlemorerelaxed.G.Andtheconcertetiquettecanbedifferent,dependingonwhattypeofconcertitis.第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节（共20题，每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。NothingcanquitecomparetothebitterdrynessthatfilledmymouthasIstoodstill,stuckbetweentheedgeofadeskandateacher'sarm,having36myownname.＂Hey,"saidthegirlstandingnexttome,whosenameIcouldn'trecall37."Don'tworry,Takeyourtime."AndsoIdid.Butspeakingafewsyllables(音节）I'dlearnedthatdayunclearlywasnota(n)_38pronunciationofmynewChinesename.Theteachersmiledatmeawkwardly,39thatIwascompletelyoff.IncaseIsaidsomethingmoreembarrassinginmy40,Ichosetokeepsilent.Theteachermovedontothenextstudent.SowentmyfirstdayoftheSTARTALKChineselanguageandcultureprogram,amonthandahalfofthesummerMandarin41intheheartofManhattan.Learningwas42atfirst.IknewlittleaboutMandarintonalities(音调）.I43foritmainlybecausemygoalwastowork44,andinordertodothat,Iwantedto45oneofthemostwidelyspokenlanguagesintheworld.LearningSpanishinschoolhadbeeneasy,46myfluencyinFrenchhadprovidedalifejacketformetosailthroughthewatersofanotherRomancelanguage,ThefirstdayofMandarin,however,waslike47straightintothedeependofthepool,andIhadtotryto48.Astheclasseswenton,IslowlyfoundthatIwasmaking49.Justasmy10yearsofplayingthepianohadallowedmeto50forothers,IknewthattheSTARTALKprogramwouldhelpmeto51whatIwantedaslongasIwouldn't52fromiteasily.Astheteachershelpedme53theconfidencetonotonlypresentinfrontoftheclass,buttalktopeoplesuchasmuseum-goersandwaiters,IsoonbegantastingthesweetnessIhadbeen54.Sowhatdidmysummerreallytastelike?ItastedliketheChinesefoodthat,forthefirtime,Ididnot55inEnglish.36.A.doubted B.ignored C.refused D.forgotten37.A.still B.either C.often D.yet38.Aadequate B.sincere C.formal D.regular39.A.complaining B.indicating C.appreciating D.pretending40.A.heart B.duty C.turn D.conclusion41.A.curriculum B.institution C.theme D.arrangement42.A.abstract B.rigid C.rough D.casual43.A.allowed B.accounted C.applied D.answered44.A.civilly B.effectively C.confidently D.globally45.A.talkabout B.pickup C.thinkof D.geton46.A.while B.though C.since D.or47.A.falling B.sitting C.looking D.swimming48.A.scream B.flow C,recover D.float49.A.exceptions B.connections C.contributions D.presentations50.A.provide B.stand C.prepare D.perform51.A.obtain B.seek C.challenge D.conquer52.A.discourage B.prohibit C.withdraw D.defend53.A.evaluate B.express C.share D.strengthen54.A.desiring B.foreseeing C.plotting Dassuming55.A.offer B.order C.share Dsupply第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Foodproductionisthecourseofchangingrawingredientsintopreparedfoodproducts.Foodproductionincludesindustries56____takerawfoodproductsandchangethemintoitemsthatcanbesoldinthemarket.Homefoodproductionincludes57_______(change)intoformsforlong-termstorage.Thefoodproductionindustrytakesfruits,vegetablesandgrainsdirectlyintheirharvestedfarmsand58________(make)thesefoodintothetypesoffoodproductsthatareavailableforsaleinsupermarkets.Foodproductionincludesbothsimpleprocesses,suchascleaningandpackaging,59______complexprocesseslikeaddingdifferentingredientsandartificialthings.Foodproductionprocessescreateproductswith60________(long)shelflivesthanrawfoodingredients.Somefoodproductionskills,likesmokingandsaltingmeatsforlong-termstorage,goback61______prehistorictimes.Inthe19thcentury,canning62___________(become)apopularmethodfoodproduction.Homecookssometimesusetraditionalfoodproductionskills63______(produce)foodfortheirfamilies.Foodproductionskillsmakefoodproductshavelongshelflives,theyalsohavedisadvantages.Duringhigh-temperatureprocessing,forexample,rawfoodslosenutrients.Foodproductionindustriesalsoaddartificialcolorstomakefood64_______(attract).Althoughgovernmentstestalltheseartificialthings,manypeoplequestion65______itistotallysafetousethemtoomuchinfood.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满發15分）行起学生会主席李华，上周你校来了一批英国的交换生，为了帮助他们更好地学习汉语，你校刘老师准备开一个进座，请你根据以下要点写一则书面通知，以使告知交换生。内容包括：1、主讲人、讲座目的：2.讲座内容、时间、地点：3.注意事项。注意：1.词数80左右：2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。65-year-oldRichardOslenwasinterestedinadventureandhunting.ThistimehehuntedonalandnearWatfordCity,N.D.Inthecoldwinter,hetriedanewplaceandforgottobringhiscellphone,theonlytimeonthetrip.Hewalkedmorethanhalfamilewithtwodogstoawheatfield.Keepinganeyeopenforabirdtakingflight,Richardsteppedonathincrustoficeonariver.Theicebrokeintopiecesanddroppedhimfourfeettothebottom.Realizingthathewasintroubleandwasgoingtohurthimself,Richarddecidedtocometolandquickly.However,hisleftlegwashu