2022-2023学年甘肃省兰州某中学高二上学期期末英语试题 （解析版）

兰州一中2022-2023-1学期期末考试试题

高二英语

（满分：150分限时：120分钟）

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分；满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Attheman'shouse.B.Inagrocery.C.Inarestaurant.

2.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrowmorning?

A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Rainy.

3.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?

A.WatchTV.B.Calltheirmother.C.Takethechildrenout.

4.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Thephysicalexercisesaretoohard.

B.Heisn'tinterestedinphysicalexercises.

C.Studentsaren'tingoodphysicalcondition.

5.Howdidtheboygethomefromschoolyesterday?

A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各

小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Wheredoesthemanwanttowork?

A.Atapostoffice.B.Atamuseum.C.Atacollege.

7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?

A.Havesomethingtodrink.

B.Listentothenewsreport.

C.Writesomeletters.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whenwastheflightsupposedtotakeoff?

A.At8:00a.m.B.At11:00a.m.C.At2:00p.m.

9.Whatwillthespeakersfailtododuetothedelayoftheflight?

A.TourSydney.B.Attendameeting.C.Visitsomecustomers.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.WhyJustineshouldtakenotes.

B.WhatJustinecandotoimprovehergrades.

C.HowtodownloadmaterialsfromtheInternet.

11.WhydoesthemanaskJustinetocheckouthiswebpage?

A.Tofindoutthelecturenotes.

B.Tolookforanswerstoherquestions.

C.Todownloadherhomeworkafterclass.

12.WhatdoesthemansuggestJustinedo?

A.Trytomakealectureherself.

B.Answerquestionsbeforeclass.

C.Readthebookaheadoftime.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatisthewoman'sadvice?

A.Getcheapchairsatastreetmarket.

B.Buyatleastthreechairs.

C.Sitonpackingcases.

14.Whatdayisittoday?

A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.

15.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?

A.Acase.B.Aguidebook.C.Curtains.

16.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewomanintheend?

A.Envious.B.Pleased.C.Upset.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?

A.Topersuadelistenerstojoinaclub.

B.Totelllistenershowtochooseaclub.

C.TogiveageneralintroductiontoanEnglishclub.

18.WhomistheEnglishclubaimedat?

A.Thosewhohaven'tlearnedEnglishbefore.

B.ThosewhowanttoimprovetheiroralEnglish.

C.ThosewhowanttomakesomeEnglishfriends.

19.Whatisheldeachmonth?

A.Singingcompetitions.

B.Englishperformances.

C.EnglishCornerdiscussions.

20.WhatdoweknowabouttheEnglishclub?

A.ItoffersEnglishfilmsfromaroundtheworld.

B.Studentshavetopaytojoinit.

C.Ithasitsownwebsite.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该

选项涂黑。

A

Theworld'scraziestfestivals

Crazyfestivalsallovertheworldareouttherejustwaitingtobecelebrated.JoinCorneliaKumfertonatripto

themostunusualeventstakingplacearoundtheglobe.

BurningManFestival

EveryyearinNevada（US）thereisartworkandcunositiesgaloretomarvelatwhentheBlackRockDesert

changesintoamammothartexhibition.

InAugustandSeptember,some70,00peoplecomeheretoceletratetheBurningManFestival.

SanDiegoComicCon

Surelysuperheroesdon'tqueue?Well,atSanDiego'sComicConventiontheydo.EachJulyheyopentheirdos

tofansofSupermanandothercomicfigures.Morethan100,000annualvisitorshavepaidhomagetotheirmythical

heroes.

CryingBabyFestival,Tokyo

AttheCryingBabyFestivalinTokyo(Japan),sumowrestlersdowhattheycantobringbabiestotears.

Sadistsrunriot?Certainlynot!It'sa400-year-oldtraditionbasedonaJapaneseproverb,whichsaysthatcrying

babiesgrowfastestandparentsbelievetheeventbringsgoodhealthtotheirchildren.

PalioContest,Siena

FameandhonourawaitthewinnerofthePaliocontestinSiena(Italy).

InJulyandAugust,teninhabitantsofdifferentdistrictsofthecityjockeyforfirstplaceinaspectacularhorse

race.

Thetrophygoestothecontestantwhosehorsecrossesthefinishinglinefirst-whetherhe'sstillinthesaddleor

not.

1.Whichofthefestivalsoffersaviewofart?

A.BurningManFestival.B.PalioContest,Siena.

C.CryingBabyFestival,Tokyo.D.SanDiegoComicCon.

2.HowwasthefestivalinTokyofounded?

AOnthebasisofaproverb.B.Basedonaphrase.

C.Accordingtoastory.D.Attherequestofthepublic.

3.WhatcantouristsseeinSienaofItalybetweenJulyandAugust?

A.Aburningmanshow.B.Acomedyplay.

C.Ahorserace.D.Ababy-cryingshow.

【答案】l.A2.A3.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上几个最疯狂的节日的活动地点及内容。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据BurningManFestival部分中“EveryyearinNevada（US）thereisartworkandcuriositiesgalore

tomarvelatwhentheBlackRockDesertchangesintoamammothartexhibition.（每年在内华达州（美国），当黑

岩沙漠变成一个庞大的艺术展览时，都会有大量的艺术品和珍品让人惊叹）”可知，在BurningManFestival

这个节日期间可以欣赏到艺术品。故选A。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据CryingBabyFestival,Tokyo部分中“It'sa400-year-oldtraditionbasedonaJapanese

proverb（它是一个有着400年传统基于日本的一句谚语而产生的节日）”可知，日本的CryingBabyFestival

这一节日来源于谚语。故选A。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据PalioContest,Siena部分中“InJulyandAugust,teninhabitantsofdifferentdistrictsofthecity

jockeyforfirstplaceinaspectacularhorserace.（7月和8月，该市不同地区的十名居民在一场壮观的赛马中争

夺第一名）”可知，游客们7、8月在意大利的锡耶纳可以看到赛马。故选C。

B

WhenFrankHerbertorderedpizzafromPizzaHuts,hewassurprisedthatJudit,atsuchanoldage,workedasa

deliverydriver.That'swhenthe89-year-oldmanfirstcameintothesightoftheHerbertfamily.JuditNeweystarted

deliveringpizzainRoy,Utah,tohelppaythebills,ashissocialsecuritybenefits（社会保障金）weren'tenoughto

liveon.FromthemomenttheHerbertsheardhimsay,"Hello,areyoulookingforsomepizza,"Juditfoundhisway

intotheirhearts!

Eversincethatday,whenevertheyplaceanorder,theyaskforJuditpersonally.Itdidn'ttakelongforthemto

beginrecordingtheirsweetmeetingsandsharethemonTikTok,whichishowthousandsofotherpeoplefellinlove

withJudit.Still,hisfanscouldn'thelpbutwonderwhysomeoneathisagewasworkingsohard——questionthe

Herbertfamilywasaskingthemselvestoo.TheyspokewithJudit,andwhentheyfoundoutheworks30hoursaweek

tomakeendsmeet,theydecidedtocollectdonationstomakehislifeeasier.Theyfiguredanythingwouldhelp,but

thetotalsumwhichisupto$12,000reallysurprisedthem!

InSeptember,thecoupledecidedtoswitchthingsupbyshowingupatJudit'sdoorwithacoupleofgifts.First,

theysurprisedhimwithacutecartoonshirtofhimselfholdingapizzabox.Thentheyrevealedthesurprisingactof

generositythatbroughthimtotears!TheyexplainedthattheyhadralliedtheirTikTokcommunitytosupporthim,and

whilehe*snotentirelysurewhattheplatformis,hecouldn'tbemorethankful.

“Howdoeversaythankyou?Idon'tknowwhattosay,Mhetoldthem."Idon'tknowwhattosay,exceptthank

you."TheHerbertsinsistedtheywerejustthemessengers.Itwashisfanswhomadethewonderfulgiftpossible.Plus,

thewaytheyseeit,theyYejustrepayingJuditforhiskindness.

4.WhatdidJuditNeweymeanbysaying"Hello,areyoulookingforsomepizza/'?

A.Hewassellingpizza.B.Hewasdeliveringpizza.

C.TheHerbertsweremakingtheorder.D.TheHerbertslostsomepizza.

5.WhydoesJuditNeweyhavetodeliverpizzaatsuchanoldageof89?

A.Tohelppeopleinneed.B.Toraisemoneyforthepoor.

C.Tovolunteerinacharity.D.Tomakehisliving.

6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?

A.ThemoneytheHerbertsraisedwasbeyondtheirexpectations.

B.TheHerbertsaskedTikTokforhelptorecordtheirmeeting.

C.JuditwasverythankfulbecauseofthesupportfromTikTok.

D.Juditworked30hoursaweektoaffordhissocialsecuritybenefits.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheHerberts?

A.Helpfulandwarmhearted.B.Optimisticandwise.

C.Generousandhardworking.D.Kindandtalented.

【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.A

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了一家人给一个89岁、但仍然在工作的老人筹钱帮助他的故事。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段"WhenFrankHerbertorderedpizzafromPizzaHuts,hewassurprisedthatJudit,at

suchanoldage,workedasadelivei-ydriver.”（当弗兰克赫伯特从必胜客订购披萨时，他很惊讶朱迪特在这么

大的年纪还当了送货司机。）可知，JuditNewey通过说“你好，你在找披萨吗?”说明他在送披萨•故选B项。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段"JuditNeweystarteddeliveringpizzainRoy,Utah,tohelppaythebills,ashissocial

securitybenefits（社会保障金）weren'tenoughtoliveon.（JuditNewey开始在犹他州罗伊市送披萨，以帮助

支付账单，因为他的社会保障福利不足以维持生计。）可知，仅靠社会保障金，他不足以生存，所以他需要

去送披萨。故选D项。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第二段"Theyfiguredanythingwouldhelp,butthetotalsumwhichisupto$12,000really

surprisedthem!”（他们认为任何事情都会有所帮助，但高达12,000美元的总金额确实让他们感到惊讶！）可

知，他们筹的钱超出了他们的预期。故选A项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第二段"Eversincethatday,whenevertheyplaceanorder,theyaskforJuditpersonally.

（从那天起，每当他们下订单时，他们都会亲自要求朱迪特。）可知，这家人很热心，每次都找JuditNewey

送外卖，通过这样的方式来帮助他。根据文章第三段uThentheyrevealedthesurprisingactofgenerositythat

broughthimtotears!”（然后他们揭示了让他流泪的令人惊讶的慷慨行为！）可知，这家人糠慨地筹钱给他，

对他很有帮助。故选A项。

C

Peoplehavelongknownthatdogshaveagreatsenseofsmell.Butscientistsweren'tsurewhetherstressed

peoplehadaspecialsmell.Andiftheydid,theyweren'tsurewhetherdogscoulddetectthatsmell.

Alldaylong,ourbodiesgothroughchangesandproducedifferentchemicals.Theycomeoutinourbreathand

sweat,slightlychangingthewaywesmell.Butitwasn'tknownifstresscouldcausechangesthatcouldbedetected.

SoresearchersatQueen'sUniversityBelfast,ledbyscientistClaraWilson,collectedbreathandsweatsamples（样品）

from36differentpeople.Theygotsampleswhenthepeoplewerecalmandwhentheywerestressed.

Thecalmpartwaseasy.Theyaskedpeopletoreporttheirstresslevel,andmeasuredtheirheartratesandblood

pressure.Thepeoplewereaskedtowipetheirskinwithacleanpieceofcloth.Thentheyhadtoputtheclothsample

inatube（管子）,breatheonithardthreetimes,andsealthetube.

Thenthescientistsaskedareallydifficultmathproblem,andforcedpeopletodoitintheirheadsquickly.They

kepttellingthepeopletohurryup,anddidn'tgivethemanyhelp.Thatlastedforthreeminutes.Thentheresearchers

collectedtwomoresweatandbreathsamples.Theyalsoaskedthepeopleabouttheirlevelofstress,andmeasured

theirheartratesandbloodpressure.Mostpeoplesaidtheyfeltverystressed.Onaverage,theheartrateincreased

fromabout91beatsperminutetoabout105beatsperminute.

Thescientistsusedoneofthestressedsamples,alongwithtwocleanpiecesofcloth,totrainthedogstofindthe

stressedsmell.Thencamethechallenge:thedogshadthreechoices:asamplefromacalmperson,astressedsample

fromthatsameperson,andacleanpieceofcloth.Inall,thedogsdid720ofthesetests.Theycorrectlyidentifiedthe

stressedsampleabout94%ofthetime.

Theresultsmakeitclearthatstressdoeshaveasmellthatdogscandetect.Ms.Wilsonsaysthenewscouldbe

especiallyusefulintrainingservicedogs,sincetheirjobistohelprelievestress.

8.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromparagraph2?

A.One'sbodysmellalmoststaysthesame.

BOurbreathandsweatcontainchemicals.

C.Stressplaysabigroleinone'sbodysmell.

D.Ourbodiesproducechemicalsonlywhenwe'reawake.

9.Whatwasthepurposeofthescientists'behaviorsduringthethreeminutes?

A.Tostresspeopleout.B.Toholdpeopleback.

C.Tocheerpeopleup.D.Tokeeppeopleinterested.

10.Thefiguresinparagraph5aremainlyusedtoshow

A.thedifficultyofthechallenge

B.thecomplexityoftheexperiment

C.thedogsfinishedthechallengequitewell

D.theexperimentneededtobeimproved

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.DogsProvetoHaveaGreatSenseofSmell

B.ItTurnsOutThatStressDoesHaveaSmell

C.ScientistsLearnThatDogsCanSmellStress

D.ResearchShowsThatDogsCanBeStressRelievers

【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章阐述了科学家们的实验发现：人在承受压力时会释放与平时不同的气味,

狗能嗅出这种气味。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一、二句"Alldaylong,ourbodiesgothroughchangesandproducedifferent

chemicals.Theycomeoutinourbreathandsweat,slightlychangingthewaywesmell.（一整天，我们的身体都在

经历变化，产生不同的化学物质。它们从我们的呼吸和汗水中释放出来，略微改变了我们的气味。）”可知

我们的呼吸和汗液中含有化学物质。故选B。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句"Theygotsampleswhenthepeoplewerecalmandwhentheywerestressed.（他

们分别在受试者平静和紧张时抽取样本。）”可知研究人员采集了人们在平静和紧张两种状态下的样本；根

据文章第三段第一句"Thecalmpartwaseasy.（平静的部分很容易。）”可知本段是介绍研究人员采集人们平

静状态下的样本；根据文章第四段aThenthescientistsaskedareallydifficultmathproblem,andforcedpeopleto

doitintheirheadsquickly.Theykepttellingthepeopletohurryup,anddidn'tgivethemanyhelp.Thatlastedfor

threeminutes.Thentheresearcherscollectedtwomoresweatandbreathsamples.Theyalsoaskedthepeopleabout

theirlevelofstress,andmeasuredtheirheartratesandbloodpressure.Mostpeoplesaidtheyfeltverystressed.（然

后，科学家们问了一个非常难的数学问题，并强迫人们快速在脑海中做。他们不停地叫人们快点，却不给

他们任何帮助。这种情况持续了三分钟。然后，研究人员又收集了两个汗液和呼吸样本。他们还询问了这

些人的压力水平，并测量了他们的心率和血压。大多数人说他们感到压力很大。）”结合文章结构分析可知

科学家们那三分钟的行为目的是给人们施加压力，以获取人们在压力状态下的样本。故选A。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第五段第二句到段末"Thencamethechallenge:thedogshadthreechoices:asamplefrom

acalmperson,astressedsamplefromthatsameperson,andacleanpieceofcloth.Inall,thedogsdid720ofthese

tests.Theycorrectlyidentifiedthestressedsampleabout94%ofthetime.（接下来的是挑战：它们有三个选择

来自冷静的人的样本，来自同一个人的压力样本和一块干净的布。这些狗总共做了720个这样的测试，它

们对压力样本的正确识别率是大约94%o）”以及最后一段第一句"Theresultsmakeitclearthatstressdoeshave

asmellthatdogscandetect.（研究结果清楚地表明，压力确实有狗能察觉到的气味。）”可以推断，文章第五

段中的数字主要是为了说明狗狗们很好地完成了挑战。故选Co

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“Peoplehavelongknownthatdogshaveagreatsenseofsmell.Butscientistsweren'tsure

whetherstressedpeoplehadaspecialsmell.Andiftheydid,theyweren'tsurewhetherdogscoulddetectthat

smell.（人们早就知道狗有很好的嗅觉。但科学家们不确定压力大的人是否有一种特殊的气味。即使他们有特

殊气味，他们也不确定狗是否能嗅到这种气味。）”以及下文针对此问题所做的实验以及获得的实验结果“The

resultsmakeitclearthatstressdoeshaveasmellthatdogscandetect.（研究结果清楚地表明，压力确实有狗能察

觉到的气味。）”可知，本文主要是介绍科学家们通过实验发现：人在承受压力时会释放与平时不同的气味，

狗能嗅出这种气味，C选项uScientistsLearnThatDogsCanSmellStress（科学家了解到狗可以闻到压力）“可

以概括全文，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。

D

Somepeoplecanwalkintoaroomandinstantlyputeveryoneatease.Othersseemtomakeleethclenchandeyes

rollnomatterwhattheydo.Asmallbodyofpsychologyresearchsupportstheideathatthewayapersontendsto

makeothersfeelisaconsistentandmeasurablepartofhispersonality.Researcherscallit"affectivepresence”.

Thisconceptwasfirstdescribednearly10yearsagoinastudyledbyNoahEisenkraft,abusinessprofessorat

WashingtonUniversity.Heputbusiness-schoolstudentsintogroups,hadthemregisterforallthesameclassesfora

semester,anddoeverygroupprojecttogether.Thenthemembersofeachgroupratedhowmucheveryothermember

madethemfeeleightdifferentemotions:stressed,bored,angry,sad,calm,relaxed,happy,andenthusiastic.The

researchersfoundthatasignificantportionofgroupmembers^motionscouldbeaccountedforbytheaffective

presenceoftheirpeers.

Itseemsthat“ourownwayofbeinghasanemotionalsignature"，saysElfenbein.

It'sbeenknownforsometimethatemotionsareinfectious.Butaffectivepresenceisaneffectonehasregardless

ofone'sownfeelings——thosewithpositiveaffectivepresencemakeotherpeoplefeelgoodeveniftheypersonally

areanxiousorsad,andtheoppositeistrueforthosewithnegativeaffectivepresence.

Unsurprisingly,peoplewhoconsistentlymakeothersfeelgoodaremorecentraltotheirsocialnetworks—in

Elfenbein^study,moreoftheirclassmatesconsideredthemtobefriends.SectorMadrid,anorganizational-behavior

professor,hasfoundthatleaderswithpositiveaffectivepresencehaveteamsthatarebetteratsharinginformation,

whichleadstocreativity.Inferiorsaremorelikelytovoicetheirideas,too.

However,Elfenbeinnotesthatpositiveaffectivepresenceisn'tnaturallygood.

Psychopaths（精神变态者）areinfamouslycharmingandmaywellusetheirpositiveaffectivepresencefbr

calculatingends.Neitherisnegativeaffectivepresencenecessarilyalwaysabadthinginaleader-thinkofafootball

coachyellingattheteamathalftime,motivatingthemtomakeacomeback.Shesuspectsthataffectivepresenceis

closelyrelatedtoemotionalintelligencewhichonecanusetocurecancerortobeacriminalmastermind.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“maketeethclench"inParagraph1mean?

A.Makepeopleupsetorangry.B.Makepeoplegladorrefreshed.

C.Makepeoplecomfortableorrelaxed.D.Makepeopleamazedorthrilled.

13.WhydoestheauthormentionElffenbein'sstudyinParagraph5?

A.Tosuggestleadersarebetteratsharinginformation.

B.Toproveleadersalsohavenegativeaffectivepresence

C.Toindicatepositiveaffectivepresencehasagreaterinfluence,

D.Toshowpositiveaffectivepresencecanpromotesocialinteraction.

14.Whatdoyouknowaboutaffectivepresenceaccordingtothetext?

A.Itisfbrcalculatingends.B.Itisadouble-edgedsword.

C.Itisaffectedbyone'sownemotion.D.Itisthepositiveemotionalinfluenceonothers.

15.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AffectivePresence:HowYouMakePeopleFeel

B.EmotionalSignature:WhyEmotionsareInfectious

C.AffectivePresence:NegativePartofYourPersonalities

D.EmotionalIntelligence:BigPartofaffectivePresence

【答案】12A13.D14.B15.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，说明“情感在场”对其他人的影响。

【12题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Butaffectivepresenceisaneffectonehasregardlessofone'sownfeelings—those

withpositiveaffectivepresencemakeotherpeoplefeelgoodeveniftheypersonallyareanxiousorsad,andthe

oppositeistrueforthosewithnegativeaffectivepresence.（但情感存在是一种影响,不管一个人自己的感受如何

——那些有积极情感在场的人会让其他人感觉良好，即使他们个人感到焦虑或悲伤，而那些有消极情感在

场的人则相反）”可知，有积极情感的人会让其他人感觉良好，有消极情感的人则相反，从而推知，对应划

线词句前文“Somepeoplecanwalkintoaroomandinstantlyputeveryoneatease.（有些人走进房间，可以立刻

让每个人都放松下来）由此推知uOthersseemtomaketeethclenchandeyesrollnomatterwhattheydo.（有

些人似乎无论做什么都maketeethclench并翻白眼）”中划线短语应为“使其他人紧张、焦虑不安”的意思。

故选A项。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段中KUnsurprisingly,peoplewhoconsistentlymakeothersfeelgoodaremorecentralto

theirsocialnetworks-inElfenbcin'sstudy,moreoftheirclassmatesconsideredthemtobefriends.（不出所料，

那些总是让别人感觉良好的人在他们的社交网络中更重要一一在Elfenbein的研究中，更多的同学将他们视

为朋友）”可推知，提到Elfenbein的研究为了表明积极的情感在场可以促进社会互动。故选D项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据第六段"However,Elfenbeinnotesthatpositiveaffectivepresenceisn'tnaturallygood.（然而，

Elfenbein指出，积极的情感在场并不是想当然的好事）”以及最后一段中"Neitherisnegativeaffectivepresence

necessarilyalwaysabadthinginaleader-thinkofafootballcoachyellingattheteamathalftime,motivatingthem

tomakeacomeback.（对于领导者来说，消极情感在场也不一定总是坏事想想-一个足球教练在中场休息

时对着球队大喊大叫，激励他们反击）”可知，情感在场是一把双刃剑。故选B项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一—段中“Asmallbodyofpsychologyresearchsupportstheideathattheway

apersontendstomakeothersfeelisaconsistentandmeasurablepartofhispersonality.Researcherscallit'affective

presence，.（一小部分心理学研究支持这样一种观点，即一个人给别人的感受是他性格中一致的、可衡量的部

分。研究人员称之为‘情感在场'）”可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究“情感在场”，即一个人给别人的感受

是他性格中一致的、可衡量的部分。由此可知，A项AffectivePresence:HowYouMakePeopleFeel（情感存在：

你如何让人们感觉）适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

GrowingFruitTreesintheHomeGarden

Anoldproverbsays,“Thebesttimetoplantatreeistwentyyearsago.Thesecond-besttimeisnow."Ithinkthis

littlepearlofwisdomisespeciallytruewhenitcomestofruittrees.16.Theycanbeexpensiveandthere's

alwayssomuchelsetodo.It'salsoeasytotwistone'slogic:"ItmightbesevenyearsbeforeI'dgetfruit,sowhy

bother?^^Butguesswhat.You'llbewaitingawholelotlongerifyouneverplantthosetrees.Here'smyadvicefor

selectingandgrowingfruittrees.

17

Learnaboutholedepthandwidth,wateringneeds,pruningrequirements.There'splentytolearn.Ifyourtree

doesn'tcomewiththeseinstructions,searchtheinternet.Justbesureyoursourcesarereliable.18.Most

nurseriesshipbasedonappropriateplantingtimeforyourarea;however,ifyou'rebuyinglocally,youneedtolearn

allyoucanaboutfavorableplantingconditions.

Protectyourtrees

Ayoungtree'sbarkisespeciallysusceptibletodamage,yetit'sappealingtohungrydeer.19.Youcan

purchasenetting,tubing,orpaperorburlapwrap.Oryoucanbecreativeandmakeyourowntreeguard.Justbesure

nottoconstrictthetree'strunkbywrappingtootightly.Nothingismoredisappointingthandiscoveringthatjust

beforeyourfruitfullyripened,somethinggottoitbeforeyoudid,sodoremembertoprotectyourfruits.

Beattentive

Fruittreescraveattention,somemorethanothers.Again,researchiscrucialtoseehowmuchcarespecifictrees

require.Allofthemneedmulching,pruning,fertilizing,andregularandfrequentwatering.20.Rigorousfall

clean-upisessential.

Whatrewardsyourfamilywillreapifyouaddfruittreestoyourgarden.There'snotimelikethepresenttoget

started.Justdoit.

A.Don'tputitoff

B.Doyourresearch

C.Ifstooeasytoputoffbuyingandplantingtrees

D.Besafeandusesomekindoftreewraporguard

E.Youalsomustbediligentinprotectingyourtreesfrompestsanddiseases

F.Checkwithyourlocalagriculturalextensionservice

G.Ifsalsoimportanttoknowthebesttimetoplant

【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.D20.E

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就种植和护理果树进行了一些说明。

【16题详解】

根据上文“Anoldproverbsays,“Thebesttimetoplantatreeistwentyyearsago.Thesecond-besttimeisnow.^^I

thinkthislittlepearlofwisdomisespeciallytruewhenitcomestofruittrees.（一句古老的谚语说：“种树的最好时

间是20年前。其次是现在我认为这一智慧尤其适用于果树）"以及后文"Theycanbeexpensiveandthere9s

alwayssomuchelsetodo.It'salsoeasytotwistone'slogic:"ItmightbesevenyearsbeforeI'dgetfruit,sowhy

bother?^^Butguesswhat.You'Hbewaitingawholelotlongerifyouneverplantthosetrees.（它们可能彳艮贵，而且

总是有很多其他的事情可以做。一个人的逻辑也很容易被扭曲：“我可能要等七年才能吃到水果，所以为什

么要自找麻烦呢？"但你猜怎么着。如果你不种那些树，你会等得更久）”可知，本句与后文并列都是在说

明种树的麻烦之处，故C选项“买树和种树太容易推迟了”符合语境，故选C。

【17题详解】

根据后文“Learnaboutholedepthandwidth,wateringneeds,pruningrequirements.There'splentytolearn.Ifyour

treedoesn'tcomewiththeseinstructions,searchtheinternet.Justbesureyoursourcesarereliable.（jT解;?同的深度

和宽度，浇水的需要，修剪的要求。有很多东西要学。如果你的圣诞树上没有这些说明，可以上网搜索一

下。只是要确保你的消息来源是可靠的）”可知，后文提到了了解洞的深度和宽度，浇水的需要，修剪的要

求，以及要在网上搜索，可见是做好调查研究工作。故B选项“做好调查研究”符合语境，故选B。

【18题详解】

根据后文“Mostnurseriesshipbasedonappropriateplantingtimeforyourarea;however,ifyou'rebuyinglocally,

youneedtolearnallyoucanaboutfavorableplantingconditions.（大多数苗圃基于您的地区的适当种植时间：然

而，如果你在当地购买，你需要尽可能了解有利的种植条件）”可知，本句是对最佳种植时间的重要性进行

说明。故G选项“知道最佳种植时间也很重要”符合语境，故选G。

【19题详解】

根据上文"Ayoungtree'sbarkisespeciallysusceptibletodamage,yetifsappealingtohungrydeer.（幼树的树皮

特别容易受到伤害，但对饥饿的鹿却很有吸引力）”可知，本句应承接上文说明如何保护树木：使用一些树

木包裹物或防护物。故D选项“为了安全起见，使用一些树木包裹物或防护物”符合语境，故选D。

【20题详解】

根据上文“Fruittreescraveattention,somemorethanothers.Again,researchiscrucialtoseehowmuchcare

specifictreesrequire.Allofthemneedmulching,pruning,fertilizing,andregularandfrequentwatering.（果树渴望

关注，有些果树比其他果树更渴望关注。同样，研究对于了解特定树木需要多少护理是至关重要的。它们

都需要覆盖、修剪、施肥和经常浇水）”可知，本段主要是关于如何护理果树的说明，故E选项“你还必须

勤奋地保护你的树木不受病虫害的侵害”符合语境，故选E。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最

佳选项。

EarlyoneSaturday,Iheadedtoa“sugardetox（戒糖）“seminaratmygym.

Iwasthereon21orders.MarkHyman,themedicaldirectoroftheClevelandClinic'sCenterfbr

FunctionalMedicine,hadadvisedasugardetoxformeto22visceral（内脏的）fat,whichhesaid

“23awhole