Unit3ConservationLesson1TheSixthExtinction课件-高中英语北师大版(2019)选择性

L1TheSixthExtinctionUnit3CONSERVATIONDodo(渡渡鸟)

WarmingUpPassengerpigeon(北美候鸽)Hawaianchaffflower(夏威夷牛膝草)

WarmingUpPyreneanibex(比利牛斯山羊)Dodo(渡渡鸟),extinctflightlessbirdofMauritius(anislandoftheIndianOcean).ItwasfirstseenbyPortuguesesailorsin1507andexterminatedbyhumansandtheirintroducedanimals.Thedodowasextinctin1680.WarmingUpPassengerpigeon(北美候鸽),migratorybirdhuntedtoextinctionbyhumans.From1870thedeclineofthespeciesbecameprecipitous,anditwasofficiallyclassifiedasextinctwhenthelastknownrepresentativediedonSeptember1,1914intheCincinnati(Ohio)Zoo.WarmingUpWarmingUpWarmingUpExtinctionofspeciesACTIVATEANDSHAREHowmuchdoyouknowaboutextinction?Answerthequestionbasedonyourknowledge.1.HowmanytimesuptotodayhaslifeonEarthalmostdiedout?aOnce.bFivetimes.cMorethan10times.2.AboutwhatpercentofallspeciesonEarthbecameextinctduringthemassextinctionknownasthe“GreatDying”?aLessthan10%.bNearly50%.cMorethan90%.3.Whatdoscientiststhinkwillcausethenextmassextinction?aHumanactivity.bNaturalcauses.cUnknownreasons.ACTIVATEANDSHAREHowmuchdoyouknowaboutextinction?Answerthequestionbasedonyourknowledge.1.HowmanytimesuptotodayhaslifeonEarthalmostdiedout?aOnce.bFivetimes.cMorethan10times.2.AboutwhatpercentofallspeciesonEarthbecameextinctduringthemassextinctionknownasthe“GreatDying”?aLessthan10%.bNearly50%.cMorethan90%.3.Whatdoscientiststhinkwillcausethenextmassextinction?aHumanactivity.bNaturalcauses.cUnknownreasons.Para1Para2Para3Para4Readparagraph1-4andgetthemainideaofeachparagraph.BackgroundinformationofextinctionCausesofthesixthextinctionEffectsofthesixthextinctionHowtoavoidthesixthextinctionTheThirdExtinctionTheFifthExtinctionTheSixthExtinctionCausesEffectsSolutionsWhatisthetexttypeofthepassage?A.Narration(记叙文).B.ArgumentativeEssay(议论文).C.ExpositoryWriting(说明文).D.NewsReport(新闻报道).

ReadPara1andfinishthemindmap.

1.Completethenotesandtalkaboutthedifferentaspectsofextinctions.Carefulreading：

ReadPara1

1.Meaningofextinction:2.Thenumberofextinctionsoccurredsofar:Carefulreading：

Extinctions,where

entirespeciesarewipedout,arenotunusualinourEarth’shistory.Infact,over90percentofallspeciesthateverlivedarenowextinct.Inthelast500millionyears,therehavebeenfivetimeswhenlifeonEarthhasalmostended.Theseincludethethirdmassextinction,knownasthe“GreatDying”,whichkilled90%to96%ofallspecies.Andthefifthevent,whichoccurred66millionyearsago,causedthedeathofthedinosaurs.

3.Twonotableextinctionsandtheirconsequences:

4.Mainreasonsthatcauseextinctions:Thereasonsforextinctionsarevaried.Accordingtoscientists,theyincludevolcaniceruptions,asteroidshittingtheEarthfromspace,changesinsealevels,thedecreaseoftheoxygencontentoftheseaandglobalwarming.ManyscientistssaywearenowenteringtheEarth’ssixthmassextinction.Thistime,humanactivitywillbetoblame.1.Whichofthefollowingisnotincludedinthecausesforthelastfiveextinctions?()A.Globalwarming.B.Volcaniceruptions.C.Thedecreaseoftheoxygencontentofthesea.D.Humanactivity.DCarefulReadingReadPara1tochoosetherightanswer.2.Whatisoneofthereasonsforextinction?()A.Sleepofvolcano.B.Changesinsealevels.C.Riseinoxygen.D.Dropintemperature.BCarefulReadingReadPara1tochoosetherightanswer.BiologicalExtinctioninEarthHistory

生物大灭绝白垩纪-古近纪灭绝事件恐龙大灭绝Cretaceous–Paleogeneextinctionevent奥陶纪-志留纪灭绝事件Ordovician–Silurianextinctionevent三叠纪-侏罗纪灭绝事件Triassic–Jurassicextinctionevent泥盆纪大灭绝LateDevonianextinction二叠纪－三叠纪灭绝事件Permian–Triassicextinctionevent/GreatDyingBiologicalExtinctioninEarthHistory

生物大灭绝

ReadPara2andanswerthequestionsCarefulreading：Althoughitisnotunusualforspeciestodieoutnaturally,therate

atwhichthisisnowhappeningiscauseforconcern.A2015studybyscientistswho

werebasedatBrownUniversityandDukeUniversityintheUS,lookedathowquicklyspeciesdieoutduetonaturalcauses,thatis,the“backgroundextinctionrate”.

Theyfoundthathumanactivityiscausingspeciestodieout1,000timesfasterthannormal.Thereisalonglistofreasonswhysomanyspeciesaredyingout:airandwaterpollution,forestsbeingdestroyed,factoryfarmingandoverfishing.ItisclearthathumanactivityhasnegativelyaffectedallotherspeciesonEarth,includinganimalsandplants.3.Whatarescientistsmainlyconcernedaboutastoreasonsofspeciesdeath?()A.Ages.B.Ways.C.Numbers.D.Rates.DCarefulReadingReadPara2tochoosetherightanswer.4.Whichofthefollowingdoesn’tbelongtohumanactivity?()Deforestation. B.Airandwaterpollution.C.Changesinsealevels. D.Overfishing.CCarefulReadingReadPara2tochoosetherightanswer.

ReadPara3andanswerthequestions1.Whydoesthewriterbelievewe’llprobablydieoutif75%oftheEarth’sspeciesdieout?Carefulreading：

Ifasixthmassextinctionoccurs,scientistswhohavestudiedtheissuebelievethatupto

threequartersofallspeciesonEarthcoulddieout.Ofcourse,aswehumansdependonsomanyspeciesforoursurvival,wewouldalso

beatrisk

ofdyingout.Ourworldandourlivesdependonthebalanceinnaturebetweenanimalsandplants.Withoutforests,wewouldhavenoairtobreathe,andwithoutcleanwaterwewouldbeunabletosurvive.

ReadPara4andanswerthequestions1.Howtoavoidthesixthmassextinction？

Carefulreading：

Canasixthextinctionbeavoided?Expertssaythatitisnotyettoolate,ifwetakeactionnow.Thiswouldmeanwehavetosignificantlychangethewaywelive.Forexample,weneedtotakestepstosaveendangeredspecies,includingsettingupspecialareaswhereplantsandanimalscanbeprotected.Weneedtochangehowweworkandtravelbyusingcleaner,morenaturalsourcesofenergy,suchaswindandsolarenergy.

Wealsoneedtoimproveourfarmingmethodstoreducewater,airandlandpollution.Inshort,ifwewanttosurvive,weneedtostopdestroyingtheplanetthatweliveonandstarttoprotectit.

5.Howcanweavoidthesixthextinction?()A.Byproducingmorespecies.B.Bystoppingdestroyingtheplanets.C.Bystakingactiontoprotectourselves.D.Bymovingtoanotherplanetimmediately.BCarefulReadingReadPara4tochoosetherightanswer.6.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?()A.AppealtopeopletoprotecttheEarth.B.Blamepeoplefordestroyingtheenvironment.C.Urgethegovernmenttotakeaction.D.Warnthepublictoreducetheirdestructivebehaviour.ACarefulReadingReadPara4tochoosetherightanswer.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthemassextinctioninthispassage?()A.UninterestedB.Concerned.C.Skeptical.D.SupportiveBCarefulReadingReadPara4tochoosetherightanswer.

ReadtheCaseStudyandanswerthequestions1.Whatdidpeopledointhecasestudytoprotectblackrobins?2.

Whichclaim(s)didthecasestudysupportinthetext?Carefulreading：TheBlackRobinBlackrobinsarethebirdsthathumanssavedfromextinction.In1980,therewereonlyfiveblackrobinsleftintheworld.TheyalllivedonasmallislandoffthecoastofNewZealand.Onlyoneofthosebirds,afemalecalledOldBlue,wasabletolayeggs.Wildlifeworkersbeganaprogrammeforraisingblackrobinchicks.TheyprotectedOldBlue’seggs,helpedthemtohatch,andtookcareofthechicks.（幼鸟）

Thankstotheirefforts,therearenowmorethan250blackrobins,andthepopulation（数量）isspreading.Tohelpthemsurvive,peoplearerestoringtheirhabitatsandremovingsmallanimalsthathuntthem,suchasmiceandcatsfromtheislandswheretheylive.CaseStudyrobinn.知更鸟habitatn.栖息地限制性定语从句定语多亏，由于限制性定语从句

ReadtheCaseStudyandanswerthequestions1.Whatdidpeopledointhecasestudytoprotectblackrobins?2.

Whichclaim(s)didthecasestudysupportinthetext?Thecasestudyshowedthatevenindesperatesituations,wecandosomethingtohelp.Inshort,it’snevertoolate.Carefulreading：SUMMARY：

Completetheparagraphaboutextinctionsusingthecorrectformofthephrasesbelow.dieoutbeknownashaveaffecteddependonwipeouttakestepstakeactionssetuptakecareofInthelast500millionyears,therehavebeenfivemassextinctioneventsonEarth.Inthethirdevent,which1______________the“GreatDying”,90%to96%ofallspecies___2___________.Ofcourse,speciesdiedoutduetomanycauses.Butnowadays,humanactivity_3_____________alltypesofspeciesthatwe___4___________forliving.Weneedto__5____________toavoidthesixthmassextinction.isknownasdiedout

hasaffecteddependon

takeactionSUMMARY：

Completetheparagraphaboutextinctionsusingthecorrectformofthephrasesbelow.dieoutbeknownashaveaffecteddependonwipeouttakestepstakeactionssetuptakecareoftakestepssetup8takecareofwipeoutSUMMARY：

Pleasefillinthefollowingblanksafterreadingthepassage.

Inthelast500millionyears,therehavebeenfivetimes

1

lifeonEarthhasalmost

ended.Many

2

(Scientist)saywearenow

enteringtheEarth’ssixthmassextinction.Thereis

3

longlistofreasons

whysomanyspecies

4

(die)out.Thistime,humanactivitywill

be

5

(blame)becausehumanactivity