2023年中考英语时态复习（一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时）讲义及练习

时态1（一般体）一般现在时用法1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。例如：Ioftentakeabustoschool．2.表示客观事实或普遍真理。例如：Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Thesunrisesintheeast.3.表示将来明确的日程安排或计划要做的事，常用的这类动词有arrive,begin,close等Theshowbeginsat11a.m.4.当主句为一般将来时时，在以if,assoonas,until,when等引导的时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。【难点】【主将从现】例如：WhenIgrowup,lwillgotoAmerica.当我长大后，我会去美国。Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,wewillgotothezoo.如果明天不下雨，我们就去动物园。注意：和if用法相同的连词可以进行补充：until,assoonas,unless(if...not),when,after,before等。但注意when,after,before双重身份的词，并不是看到上面三个词就用主将从现。5.在某些以here，there开头的句子中用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。【难点】例如：Theregoesthebell.Hereesthebus.句型结构结构：Heoftengoestoschoolbybus.IamhappywhenIstaywithhim.►结构：1）主语+__________+其他2）主语+___________+其他句型转换：肯定句：MyparentsarefromItaly.否定句：_______________________________________.一般疑问句：_______________________________________?特殊疑问句：________________________________________?肯定句：Italkwithmymumthreetimesaday.否定句：______________________________________.一般疑问句：_____________________________________?特殊疑问句：______________________________________?动词三单变化规则（1）一般情况，直接加_______stay_______open_______enjoy______play_______e_______walk______（2）以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾，加_________miss_______fix_______wash______catch_______go________（3）以辅音+y结尾的动词，变_______________try________study________cry________carry________（4）特殊情况:have________be_________时间标志词every系列everyday;every_________;every________...on系列onweekdays;on___________...次数系列onceaweek;________aday;_________timesamonth...频率副词always;usually;sometimes;___________;_________;never【典型例题】1.Isyourmotherateacher?Yes,sheis.Sheatajuniorhighschool.taughtB.teachesC.willteachD.isteaching2.“Lifeislikewalkinginthesnow,”Grannyusedtosay,“becauseeverystep.”A.hasshownB.isshowingC.showsD.showed3.Ifwe___________nowtoprotecttheenvironment,we'lllivetoregretit.A.hadn'tactedB.haven'tactedC.don'tactD.won'tact4.Myparents_________inHongKong.Theywerebornthereandhaveneverlivedanywhereelse.A.liveB.livedC.werelivingD.willlive5.Youalwayslookunhappy!What__________(worry)you?一般过去时用法1.表示在过去某一时间的活动或状态，开始和结束的时间都在过去Thistownwasabeautifulspottenyearsago.十年前这个小镇是个美丽的地方。Wecametothetheatreonceaweekwhenwewerestudents.我们还是学生的时候一周看一次戏。Mygrandpaoftentoldusstoriesonsummerevenings.我爷爷常在夏夜给我们讲故事。usedto+动词原形，表示过去的习惯性动作而现在已经不再发生了。【难点】如:Weusedtospendourvacationinthemountains.我们以前常常在山区里度假。(暗示现在不再在山里度假了)4.在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，用一般过去时代替过去将来时，表示过去将来的动作。【难点】如:Hetoldmethathewouldn'tgobackuntilhismotherpromised.他对我说直到他妈妈答应他才会回家。(一般过去时代替过去将来时)Theysaidtheywouldinformmeifthey________________anynewsabouthim.句型结构结构：Iwashappyduringtheholiday.Shehadacatwhenshewasyoung.►结构：1）主语+___________+其他2）主语+___________+其他句型转换：肯定句：IwasontheInternetwhenyoucalledme.否定句：_________________________________.一般疑问句：_________________________________?特殊疑问句：__________________________________?肯定句：Johnborrowedthebookfromafriendofminetwodaysago.否定句：______________________________________________.一般疑问句:_____________________________________________?特殊疑问句：_____________________________________________?动词过去式变化规则规则变化在词尾加_______listen________play________ask_______pick_________以不发音的e结尾的动词，词尾加________dance_________live__________move_________taste__________以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，改_____为____________carry_______copy_______study________try_________以“辅元辅”结构结尾,末尾字母是重读闭音节的动词，双写______________加________chat________plan________stop_________beg_________不规则变化过去式=原形cutcuthithithurthurtlet_____put_______read________o改为abeebecamee________i改为odrivedroveriderodeshine_________win________write_________e改为ogetgotforget__________eep改为eptkeepkeptsleepsleptsweep__________aw/ow改为ewdrawdrewgrowgrewknow_________throw_________eak改为okebreakbrokespeak_________ell改为oldsellsoldtell________结尾变成ought或aughtbringbroughtbuyboughtthinkthoughtcatch_________teach____________原形后加d或thear_______meanmeantdream_________结尾d变tbuildbuiltspend_________四、时间标志词yesterday系列yesterdaymorning/afternoon/evening昨天早上/中午/傍晚thedaybeforeyesterday前天last系列lastnight昨晚lastweek上周lastmonth上个月lastyear去年ago系列3daysago三天前tenyearsago十年前longlongago很久以前amomentago=justnow刚刚in/on+过去的时间in1990在1990年onJune1stof2022在2022年6月1日that/those系列atthattime那时atthatmoment在那个时刻thatyear在那年thatday在那天thosedays那些天thoseyears那些年when系列WhenIwas...yearsold...当我......岁时WhenIwasyoung...当我年轻时固定表达inthepast,attheageof...,usedto...onceuponatime；theotherday【典型例题】1.—Anicecar!Isityours?—No,itisn't.Iitfromafriendofminetwodaysago.A.borrowB.haveborrowedC.willborrowD.borrowed2.—Kevin,youlookworried.Anythingwrong?—Well,IatestandI'mwaitingfortheresult.A.willtakeB.tookC.hadtakenD.take3.Ourfriendshipquicklyovertheweeksthatflowed.A.haddevelopedB.wasdevelopingC.woulddevelopD.developed

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6.(2020·苏州)Wow,you’vemadesomuchprogressindrawing.Thanks,I__________twoonlinecoursesthiswinterholiday. B.willtake D.wastaking7.Myfeelingsforyouhavenotchanged.Butyouhavechanged.Youarenotasyou_________.are C.willbe D.havebeenZhurong,China’sMarsexplorer,________(land)safelyontheredplanetinMay2021,makingChinathethirdnationtodosoinhumanhistory.Students__________(have)lessonsonlineduringCOVID19.Atyesterdaymorning,I_____________(control)thespeedofspeakingandmademyselfheardclearly.一般将来时用法1.表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，其结构是“will+动词原形”。常与表示将来的时间状语连用。e.g.Willyoubebackintwodays?你两天后会回来吗？注意：当句中主语是I或we时，一般使用shall，表示征求对方意见。e.g.Whereshallwemeettomorrow？明天我们在哪里碰面？2.begoingto+动词原形，表示计划、打算做某事，表示已决定的并很可能发生的事。e.g.“WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday?下周日你打算干什么？Lookattheclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那些乌云，暴风雨就要来临了。（客观现象）备注：一般将来时中有特殊疑问词howsoon，若答句中是in+一段时间，我们选择特殊疑问词时注意选择howsoon.3.有些动词如e,go,stay,arrive,leave,begin,start等，其现在进行时表示按计划、安排近期要发生的动作。如:I'mleavingforBeijingnextmonth.下个月我计划去北京。4.某些动词的一般现在时可以表示计划、安排将要做的事情，此种用法常常用于火车时刻、飞机时刻、电影开演、上下课等。如:Wemusthurryup.Thefirstclassbeginsat8o'clock.我们必须快点，第一节课将在8点开始。5.beabouttodo表示马上要发生的事，一般不与具体的时间状语连用。【难点】如:Don'tgoout.We'reabouttohavedinner.别出去了，我们很快就要吃饭。Iwasabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.我刚要出发就下起雨来了。betodo表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。【难点】如:ThepresidentistovisitChinanextweek.总统下周来访问中国。固定句型：主语+hopethat+主语+willdo句型结构（1）结构：Idon’tknowwhenhewillarrivenextweek.Iamgoingtotakesomephotostomorrow.►结构：主语+__________+其他主语+_____________+其他Therewillbeliveentertainmentattheparty.Thereisgoingtobeatestnextweek.►结构：主语+__________+其他主语+_________________+其他（2）句型转换：肯定句：Wewillbebackinaweek.否定句：__________________________________.一般疑问句：_____________________________________?特殊疑问句：_____________________________________?肯定句：Thereisgoingtobeashowontheplaygroundthedayaftertomorrow.否定句：___________________________________________________________.一般疑问句：_______________________________________________________?特殊疑问句：_______________________________________________________？时间标志词tomorrow系列tomorrowmorning/afternoon/eveningthedayaftertomorrownext系列nextweek/month/year/summer/time时间+latertwohourslater/threedayslaterin+时间段intenminutes/inaweek/intwomonthsthis系列thisafternoon/evening固定表达soon（不久）inthefuture（将来）someday（将来的某一天）tonight（今晚）【典型例题】1.Stopsmoking,Joe!You_________yourselfifyoukeepondoingitlikethat!A.willkillB.havekilledC.killD.killed2.DoyouthinkMomandDad__________late?No.SwissAirisusuallyontime.A.wereB.willbeC.wouldbeD.havebeen3.Weveryearlysowepackedthenightbefore.A.leaveB.hadleftC.wereleavingD.haveleft4.Besurely,manypeople,hisdream_____________(e)trueinthenearfuture.5.Doyoureallywanttodothis,myboy?Thinktwice!Or,you_____________(regret)itoneday.6.Hesaysthatthegovernment_____________(deal)withtheproblemnextyear.7.Attention,please!Flight864fromBeijing______________(land)intenminutes.8.Justgodownthisroadandyou___________(see)thelibrarynexttothebank.【时态综合练习】单项选择1.Thefashionshowwelookedforwardtoforalongtime________successfulatlast.A．prove B．proving C．proved D．proves2.Hejustwantstoknowifshe________himwhenshe________back.A．calls;es B．calls;willeC．willcall;wille D．willcall;es3.—CouldyoupleasetakeamessageformetoJack?—Sure,I________himaboutthatassoonasImeethim.A．tell B．willtell C．havetold D．told4.—MissHu,Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.—Yes.I________asavolunteernurseinShanghaiforamonth.Icamebackyesterday.A．worked B．amworking C．haveworked D．work5.—ManypeoplewenttothebeautifulrestaurantinWuYuePlazalastyear.—Yes,it________customers’needssomuchthatpeoplewere________withtheservice.satisfying;satisfying B．satisfied;satisfied satisfied;satisfy D．satisfy;satisfied6.—IknowLisaisyourbestfriend.Doyouseemuchofeachothernow?—No.She________inNewYorkbefore,butnowshelivesinLosAngeles.A．lives B．haslived C．lived D．isliving8.Assoonasthewar________out,hejoinedthearmytoprotecthiscountry.A．wasbroken B．broke C．havebeenbroken D．havebroken9.Simon________bequiet,butnowhetakespartindifferentactivitiesandhasmanynewfriends.A．isusedto B．usedtoC．wasusedto D．wantsto10.Idon’tknowifI________travellingduringthenextsummerholiday.ButifIgotravelling,I’llaskourschoolforpermissionfirst.A．goesB．goC．went D．willgo11.________he_______esoon.A．think,won’t B．don’tthink,