职称英语理工类c级模拟61

职称英语理工类C级模拟61

第1部分：词汇选项

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接

近的选项。

1>Leadispotentiallydamagingtochildren*shealth.

A.slightB.surprising

C-suddenD.harmful

2、Theirinterpretationwasfaulty.

A.ambiguousB.wrong

C.unclearD.unbelievable

3、Thelatestcensusisencouraging.

A.countB.statement

C.agreementD.estimate

4、Herstrangebehaviourarousedoursuspicions.

A.confusedB.excited

C.scaredD.satisfied

5、Thetelephonesystemisnolongeroperative.

A.runningB.moving

C.rotatingD.working

6、Herolleduphistrouserlegtoexhibithiswoundedknee.

A.spreadB.open

C・showD.examine

7>Hewasbannedfromdrivingforsixmonths.

A.listedB.forbidden

C.handledD.investigated

8、Thisvalveregulatestheflowofwater.

A.fightB.abolish

C.removeD.control

9、Theworkersfinallycalledoffthestrike.

A.putoffB.ended

C.cancelledD.participatein

10>Theyagreedtosettlethedisputebypeacefulmeans.

A.solveB.determine

C.uniteD.complete

11>Ofthereptilegroupszthesnakegroupwasthefinalonetoappear.

A.lastB.best

C.ugliestD.longest

12>Iamheartilygrateful,toyourhelp.

A.helpfulB.hateful

C.delightfulD.thankful

13>Fiveminutesleft,theoutcomeofthematchwasstillindoubt.

A.resultB.judgement

C.decisionD,event

14、Hemadeaconsiderablesumofmoneyinrealestate.

A.largeB.positive

C.powerfulD.realistic

15>Haveyoutalkedtoherlately?

A.lastlyB.shortly

C.recentlyD.immediately

第2部分：阅读判断

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供

的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文

中没有提及，请选择C。

ChangesinMuseums

Museumshavechanged.Theyarenolongerplacesthatone"should"visit；

theyareplacestoenjoyandlearn.

AtaSciencemuseuminOntario,Canada,youcanfeelyourhairstandon

endasharmlesselectricitypassesthroughyourbody.AttheMetropolitan

（大城市的）MuseumofArtinNewYorkCity,youcanlookattheseventeenthcentury

instrumentswhilelisteningtotheirmusic.AtNewYork*sAmericanMuseum

ofNaturalHistoryrecently,youcanhelpmakeabone-by-bonereproduction

ofthemuseum'sdinosaur（恐龙），abeastthatlived200millionyearsago.

Moreandmoremuseumdirectorsarerealizingthatpeoplelearnbestwhen

theycansomehowbecomepartofwhattheyareseeing.Inmanysciencemuseums,

forexample,therearenoguidedtours.Thevisitorisencouragedtotouch,

listen,operate,andexperimentsoastodiscoverscientificprinciplesfor

himself.Thepurposeisnotonlytoprovidefunbutalsotohelppeoplefeel

athomeintheworldofscience.Thetheoryisthatpeoplewhodonotunderstand

sciencewillprobablyfearitzandthosewhofearsciencewillnotuseit

tobestadvantage.

Onecauseofallthesechangesistheincreaseinwealthandleisuretime.

Anothercauseistherisingpercentageofyoungpeopleinthepopulation.Many

oftheseyoungpeoplearecollegestudentsorcollegegraduates.LeonF.Twiggs,

ayoungblackprofessorofartoncesaid,"Theyseethingsinanewanddifferent

way.Theyarenotsatisfiedtostandandlookatworksofart；theywantart

theycanparticipate（参力口）in."Thesameistrueofscienceandhistory.

16>Whenvisitingmuseumsnowadayszpeoplecantakepartinmanyactivities.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>NewYork1sAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistoryisopenedrecently.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Insciencemuseumsnowadaysvisitorsarenotallowedtotouchoroperate

theobjectsondisplay.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Insciencemuseumstoday,peoplenolongerfeelstrangeintheworldof

sciencebutgainscientificknowledgebythemselves.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、InAmericatoday,allsciencemuseumsareopentothepublicandfree.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>Peoplecanaffordtogetintothemodernmuseumssincetheyhavemore

timenow.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Youngpeoplewhoarewell-educatedlikethearttheycanparticipatein.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1〜4段每段

选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选

项。

TrafficJams—NoEndinSight

1Trafficcongestion（拥堵）affectspeoplethroughouttheworld.Trifle

jamscausesmogindozensofcitiesacrossboththedevelopedanddeveloping

world.IntheU.S.,commuters（通勤人员）spendanaverageofafullworking

weekeachyearsittingintrafficjams,accordingtotheTexasTransportation

Institute.Whilealternativewaysofgettingaroundareavailable,mostpeople

stillchoosetheircarsbecausetheyarelookingforconvenience,comfort

andprivacy.

2Themostpromisingtechniqueforreducingcitytrafficiscalled

congestionpricing,wherebycitieschargeatolltoentercertainpartsof

townatcertaintimesofday.Intheory,ifthetollishighenough,some

driverswillcanceltheirtripsorgobybusortrain.Andinpracticeit

seemstowork：Singapore,LondonandStockholmhavereducedtrafficand

pollutionincitycentersthankstocongestionpricing.

3Anotherwaytoreducerush-hourtrafficisforemployerstoimplement

flexitimezwhichletsemployeestraveltoandfromworkatoff-peaktraffic

timestoavoidtherushhour.Thosewhohavetotravelduringbusytimescan

dotheirpartbysharingcars.Employerscanalsoallowmorestafftotelecommute

（workfromhome）soastokeepmorecarsofftheroadaltogether.

4Someurbanplannersstillbelievethatthebestwaytoeasetraffic

congestionistobuildmoreroadszespeciallyroadsthatcantakedrivers

aroundorovercrowdedcitystreets.Butsuchtechniquesdonotreallykeep

earsofftheroad；theyonlyaccommodatemoreofthem.

5Other,moreforward-thinking,plannersknowthatmoreandmoredrivers

andcarsaretakingtotheroadseveryday,andtheyareunwillingtoencourage

moreprivateautomobileswhenpublictransportissomuchbetterbothfor

peopleandtheenvironment.Forthisreason,theAmericangovernmenthasdecided

tospendsome$7billiononhelpingtoincreasecapacityonpublic-1ransport

systemsandupgradethemwithmoreefficienttechnologies.But

environmentalistscomplainthatsuchfundingistinycomparedwiththe$50

billionbeingspentonroadsandbridges.

23>Paragraph1

A.PayingtoGetin

B.ASolutionWhichIsNoSolution

C.ChangingWorkPractice

D.ClosingCityCenterstoTraffic

E,NotDoingEnough

F.AGlobalProblem

24、Paragraph2

25>Paragraph3

26、Paragraph4

27>MostAmericandriversthinkitconvenientto.

A.reducetrafficjams

B,spendmoremoney

C.drivearound

D.travelregularly

E.gobybus

F.encouragemoreprivatecars

28、Ifchargedhighenough,somedriversmaytoentercertainparts

oftown.

29、Buildingmoreroadsisnotaneffectivewayto.

30、TheU.S.governmenthasplannedtoupdatingpublic-transport

systems.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇4TTJ

OlderVolcanicEruptions

Volcanoesweremoredestructiveinancienthistory,notbecausetheywere

bigger,butbecausethecarbondioxidetheyreleasedwipedoutlifewithgreater

ease.

PaulWignailfromtheUniversityofLeedswasinvestigatingthelinkbetween

volcaniceruptionsandmassextinctions.Notallvolcaniceruptionskilled

offlargenumbersofanimals,butallthemassextinctionsoverthepast300

millionyearscoincidedwithhugeformationsofvolcanicrock.Tohissurprise,

theolderthemassivevolcaniceruptionswere,themoredamagetheyseemed

todo.Hecalculatedthe"killingefficiency'*forthesevolcanoesbycomparing

theproportionoflifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeoflava（熔岩）that

theyproduced.Hefoundthatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswereatleast

10timesaseffectiveatwipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.

ThePermian（二叠名己）extinction,forexample,whichhappened250million

yearsago,ismarkedbyfloodsofvolcanicrockinSiberiathatcoveranarea

roughlythesizeofwesternEurope.Thosevolcanoesarethoughttohavepumped

outabout10gigatonnes（十亿吨）ofcarbonascarbondioxide.Theglobalwarming

thatfollowedwipedout80percentofallmarinegenera（种类）atthetime,

andittook5millionyearsfortheplanettorecover.Yet60millionyears

ago,therewasanotherhugeamountofvolcanicactivityandglobalwarming

butnomassextinction.Someanimalsdiddisappearbutthingsreturnedto

normalwithintenthousandsofyears."Themostrecentoneshardlyhavean

effectatall.nWignailsays.Heignoredtheextinctionwhichwipedoutthe

dinosaurs65millionyearsago,becausemanyscientistsbelieveitwasprimarily

causedbytheimpactofanasteroid（小彳亍星）.Hethinksthatoldervolcanoes

hadmorekillingpowerbecausemorerecentlifeformswerebetteradapted

todealingwithincreasedlevelsofC02.

VincentCourtillot,directoroftheParisGeophysicalInstituteinFrance,

saysthatWignail1sideaisprovocative.Buthesaysitisincrediblyhard

todothesesortsofcalculations.Hepointsoutthatthekillingpowerof

volcaniceruptionsdependsonhowlongtheylasted.Anditisimpossibleto

tellwhetherthehugeblastslastedforthousandsormillionsofyears.He

alsoaddsthatitisdifficulttoestimatehowmuchlavaprehistoricvolcanoes

produced,andthatlavavolumemaynotnecessarilycorrespondtocarbondioxide

emissions.

31>Whywereoldervolcaniceruptionsmoredestructivethanmorerecentones

accordingtoWignall?

A.Becausetheywerebrighter.

B.Becausetheywerelarger.

C.BecausemorerecentlifeformswerebetteradaptedtoCO2.

D.Becauseoldervolcaniceruptionsreleasedmorelava.

32、HKillingefficiency1,iscalculatedbycomparing.

A.thespanoftimevolcanoeslasted

B.thevolumeoflavavolcanoesproduced

C.thenumberoflivingthingsvolcanoeskilledoff

D.theproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflava

33>Permianextinctionoccurred.

A.300millionyearsagoB.250millionyearsago

C.60millionyearsagoD.65millionyearsago

34、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtoParagraph3?

A.Only80percentofmarinegenerasurvivedtheglobalwarmingcaused

bythePermianextinction.

B.Ittook5millionyearsfortheplanettorecoverfromthePermian

extinction.

C.Thehugeamountofvolcanicactivityandglobalwarming60millionyears

agodidnotleadtomassextinction.

D.Thecauseofdinosaurs1extinctionhasremainedacontroversialissue.

35、WhatisVincentCourtillot1sattitudetowardsWignall1sidea?

A.Positive.B.Negative.

C.Neutral.D.Unclear.

弟一^扁

SomeThingsWeKnowaboutLanguage

Manythingsaboutlanguageareamystery,andmanywillalwaysremainso.

Butsomethingswedoknow.

First,weknowthatallhumanbeingshavealanguageofsomesort.There

isnorace（种族）ofmenanywhereonearthsobackwardthatithasnolanguage,

nosetofspeechsoundsbywhichthepeoplecommunicatewithoneanother.

Furthermore,inhistoricaltimes,therehasneverbeenaraceofmenwithout

alanguage.

Second,thereisnosuchthingasaprimitive（原始的）language.Thereare

manypeoplewhoseculturesareundeveloped,whoare,aswesay,uncivilized,

butthelanguagestheyspeakarenotprimitive.Inallknownlanguageswe

canseecomplexitiesthatmusthavebeentensofthousandsofyearsindeveloping.

Thishasnotalwaysbeenwellunderstood；indeed,thedirectcontraryhas

oftenbeenstated.PopularideasofthelanguageoftheAmericanIndianswill

illustrate.ManypeoplehavesupposedthattheIndianscommunicatedinavery

primitivesystemofnoises.Studyhasprovedthistobenonsense.Thereare,

orwere,hundredsofAmericanIndianlanguageszandallofthemturnoutto

beverycomplicatedandveryold.Theyarecertainlydifferentfromthelanguages

thatmostofusarefamiliarwith,buttheyarenomoreprimitivethanEnglish

andGreek.

Athirdthingweknowaboutlanguageisthatalllanguagesareperfectly

adequate.Thatiszeachoneisaperfectmeansofexpressingthecultureof

thepeoplewhospeakthelanguage.

Finally,weknowthatlanguagechanges.Itisnaturalandnormalforlanguage

tochange；theonlylanguageswhichdonotchangearethedeadones.This

iseasytounderstandifwelookbackwardintime.Changegoesoninallaspects

oflanguage.Grammaticalfeatureschangeasdospeechsounds,andchanges

invocabularyaresometimesveryextensiveandmayoccurveryrapidly.

Vocabularyistheleaststablepartofanylanguage.

36、Theauthorarguesthatwedoknowsomethingsaboutlanguagein

aspects.

A.threeB.four

C.fiveD.six

37、Accordingtothethirdparagraph,theauthorthinksthat.

A.thereexistsomeprimitivelanguagesintheworld

B.therearemanypeoplewhodon11havealanguage

C.nolanguagesintheworldhaven*tbeenwelldeveloped

D.therearesomelanguagesweknowhavinglittlecomplexities

38、TheauthorhasusedAmericanIndianlanguagetoillustrate.

A.ithasn1tbeenwellunderstoodthatthereisnoprimitivelanguage

B.theIndianscommunicatedinaveryprimitivesystemofnoises

C.EnglishandGreekarelessprimitivethanAmericanIndianlanguages

D.hundredsofAmericanIndianlanguagesareeasyandyoung

39、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

A.Alanguageisameansofexpressingaparticularculture.

B.Alllanguagescanwellexpresstheirrespectivecultures.

C.AmericanIndianlanguagesareascomplexasEnglish.

D.Somelanguagesarebetterthanothers.

40、Accordingtotheauthor,languagechangesaremostlikelytooccurin

A.grammarB.pronunciation

C.vocabularyD.intonation

第二-答

PleaseFastenYourSeatbelts

Severeturbulence（湍流）cankillaircraftpassengers.Now,intestflights

overtheRockyMountainszNASA（美国航空航天局）engineershavesuccessfully

detectedclear-airturbulenceupto10secondsbeforeanaircrafthitsit.

Clear-airturbulenceoftencatchespilotsbysurprise.Invisibletoradar,

itisdifficulttoforecastandcanhurl（用力学也出去）passengersaboutthecabin.

InDecember1997,onepassengerdiedandahundredotherswereinjuredwhen

unexpectedroughaircausedaUnitedAirlinesflightoverthePacifictodrop

300metersinafewseconds.

However,passengerscanavoidseriousinjurybyfasteningtheirseatbelts.

n

"Itistheonlyantidote（对策）forthissortofthing,saysRodBoguezproject

manageratNASA1sDrydenFlightResearchCenterinEdwards,California.

TheCenter*snewturbulencedetectorisbasedonlidar,orlaser-radar.

Laserpulsesaresentaheadoftheplaneandthesearethenreflectedback

byparticlesintheair.ThetechniquedependsontheDopplerEffect（多普

勒效应）,Thewavelengthofthelightshiftsaccordingtothespeedatwhich

theparticlesareapproaching.Incalmair,thespeedequalstheplane1sairspeed

Butastheparticlesswirl（打漩）inroughair,theirspeedofapproachincreases

ordecreasesrapidly.Therateofchangeinspeedcorrespondstotheseverity

（激烈程度）oftheturbulence.

Inaseriesofteststhatbeganlastmonth,aresearchjetflewrepeatedly

intodisturbedairoverthemountainridges（ill脉）nearPueblo,Colorado.The

lidardetectorspottedturbulencebetween3and8kilometersahead,andits

forecastsofstrengthanddurationcorrespondedcloselywiththeturbulence

thattheplaneencountered.

Boguesaysthathehadnacomfortableamountoftimentofastenhisseatbelt.

Theresearchersareplanningtoimprovethelidar*srangewithamorepowerful

beam.Thesystemcouldbeinstalledoncommercialaircraftinthenextfew

years.

41>Whatdoesnclear-airturbulence"inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Anotveryroughstorm.

B.Unexpecteddisturbedair.

C.Akindofvisiblestorm.

D.Astormovermountainridges.

42、InDecember1997,aUnitedAirlinesflighthitunexpectedroughair.

A.causingalotofdamagetotheplane

B.throwingitspassengersoutofthecabin

C.resultinginheavycasualties

D.forcingthepilottomakeanemergencylanding

43、Theturbulencedetectorcantelltheseverityoftheturbulencebymeasuring

A.thespeedoftheplane

B.thespeedofthelight

C.thenumberofparticlesintheair

D.thechangesoftheparticles*speed

44、Wecaninferfromthefifthparagraphthat.

A.thelidardetectorcansuccessfullyforecastturbulence

B.researchersarenotsureabouttheeffectivenessofthelidardetector

C.passengerplaneswillbeusedinfurtherexperiments

D.nomoretestflightsareneeded

45、Thelastparagraphtellsus,amongotherthingszthat.

A.thelidardetectorneedsimprovement

B.manyairlinesareinterestedinthesystem

C.passengersoftenforgettofastentheirseatbelts

D.thelidardetectorcanbeusedinawiderangeofareas

第5部分：补全短文

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分

别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Ha!TheScienceofWhenWeLaughandWhy

It*scertainlypossibletoover-analyzeajoke.46Consideringthe

abundantresearchonthetopic,maybenot.

ScottWeems,aneuroscientist,takesreadersonawide-rangingtourthat

explainswhathumorisandwhyreadersshouldcare.47Humorimproves

interpersonalrelationships,andstudiesshowthatsimplywatchingafunny

moviecanlowerstress,improveimmunesystemresponseandevenhelpviewers

bettersolveproblems.

Thecomplexityofthehumanbrainmakeshumorpossible,Weemsargues,and

italsohelpsexplainhowsomepeoplecanfindajokehilariouswhileothers

deemitgrosslyoffensive.

Humortakesmanyforms—asmanyas44byoneresearcher*scount—butshares

certaintraitsandthemes.Frompunsandriddlestoslapstick（打闹居U）,humor

isinherentlysubversive,Weemssayszoftentreatingserioussubjectswith

frivolity（轻浮）orevenrudeness.48

Ha!Isn11aself-helpguidetobeingfunny,thoughacarefulreadercan

findusefulnuggets（块金）throughout?