江西省景德镇市2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中质量检测英语试题 (解析版)

PAGEPAGE1江西省景德镇市2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中质量检测英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节：(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestParkstoSeeWildlifeArecentreportfromavacationsitelistedthetotalnumberofspeciesandsizesofseveralwell-knownnationalparks.Herearesomeofthemtoseethewidestvarietyofanimals.CuyahogaValleyNationalPark,OhioNumberofspeciespersquaremeter:317Located20milessouthwestofCleveland,Ohio,CuyahogaValleyNationalParkisamixedecosystemofforestandwetlandsshelteringavarietyofanimals.FromtheboardwalkatBeaverMarsh,watchforwater-lovingmammalsorsnappingturtles(鳄龟)thatcanweighasmuchas55poundseach.Morethan200birdspeciesliveinthepark.CarlsbadCavernsNationalPark,NewMexicoNumberofspeciespersquaremeter:286TherepresentativeforCarlsbadCavernsistheBrazilianfree-tailedbat.Everysummer,hundredsofthousandsofthefurry,big-earedcreaturesliveinthesecavesinsoutheasternNewMexico,attractingcrowdsatsunsetwiththeirspectacularoutflight.TheBraziliansareoneofthe17batspeciesthatnestatCarlsbad.Youmightalsoencounterwildpigsandcaveswallows.AcadiaNationalPark,MaineNumberofspeciespersquaremeter:242TheAtlanticOceanmeetstheMainecoastatthispopularparkonMountDesertIsland,providinghabitatforwildlifewithfeetandflippers(鳍状肢).Fromtheshore,scanthewaterfortheheadsofharborporpoises(鼠海豚)andgrayseals.BlackCanyonoftheGunnisonNationalPark,ColoradoNumberofspeciespersquaremeter:219InwesternColorado,the2,722feetbetweenthisparkscanyonedgeandtheGunnisonRiverbelowsupportnumerouswildlifehabitats.Experiencedclimbersandhikerswhoadventureintotheinnercanyonfindcollaredlizardsandmuledeer.1.Whichparkhasthefewestspeciespersquaremeter?A.AcadiaNationalPark. B.CarlsbadCavernsNationalPark.C.CuyahogaValleyNationalPark. D.BlackCanyonoftheGunnisonNationalPark2.WhatcantouristsdoinCarlsbadCavernsNationalPark?A.Playingwithturtlesweighingover55pounds.B.Watchingcrowdsofflyingbatsatsunset.C.Meetingwildpigsinforestsandwetlands.D.Observing17swallowspeciesnestinginthecity.3.WhichofthefollowingcannotbeseeninAcadiaNationalPark?A.grayseals. B.coastalscenery.C.collaredlizards. D.harborporpoises.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四个美国著名的国家公园及其各自特色、常见野生动物种类和数量。其中包括俄亥俄州的哥伦比亚山谷国家公园、新墨西哥州的卡尔斯巴德溶洞国家公园、缅因州的阿卡迪亚国家公园和科罗拉多州的甘尼森河峡谷国家公园。1．【解析】细节理解题。根据CuyahogaValleyNationalPark,Ohio部分中“Numberofspeciespersquaremeter:317(每平方米有317种)”以及CarlsbadCavernsNationalPark,NewMexico部分中“Numberofspeciespersquaremeter:286(每平方米有286种)”以及AcadiaNationalPark,Maine部分中“Numberofspeciespersquaremeter:242(每平方米有242种)”；以及BlackCanyonoftheGunnisonNationalPark,Colorado部分中“Numberofspeciespersquaremeter:219(每平方米有219种)”可知，由此比较BlackCanyonoftheGunnisonNationalPark,Colorado每平方米含有的物种最少为219种。故选D。2．【解析】细节理解题。根据CarlsbadCavernsNationalPark,NewMexico部分中“TherepresentativeforCarlsbadCavernsistheBrazilianfree-tailedbat.Everysummer,hundredsofthousandsofthefurry,big-earedcreaturesliveinthesecavesinsoutheasternNewMexico,attractingcrowdsatsunsetwiththeirspectacularoutflight.

(卡尔斯巴德洞穴的代表是巴西无尾蝙蝠。每年夏天，成千上万只毛茸茸的大耳朵动物生活在新墨西哥州东南部的这些洞穴里，日落时分，它们壮观的夜光吸引着人群。)”可知，在此处游客们可以在日落时分观看成群的蝙蝠飞行。故选B。3．【解析】细节理解题。根据AcadiaNationalPark,Maine部分中“Fromtheshore,scanthewaterfortheheadsofharborporpoises(鼠海豚)andgrayseals.(站在岸上，仔细观察水中的鼠海豚和灰海豹。)”可知，站在岸边可以欣赏到沿海景色同时也可以看到鼠海豚和灰海豹。C选项“collaredlizards.(项圈蜥)”文中并未提及。故选C。BTheSouthBronxisoneofthepoorestandmostpollutedplacesinAmerica,withsmog-chokedfreewaysandsmellywastewatertreatmentplants.“We’readumpingground,”Omarexplains.“AllthegarbagefromtherestofNewYorkCityendsuphere.”ButOmarstartedlookingatgarbageinadifferentway.“Alotofwhatpeoplethrowawayisperfectlygood,”hesays.“Justlookatthatstufffromconstructionsites—doors,sinks,toilets.Peoplewillbuythosethings.It’sonlycalledgarbagebecausesomebodythrewitaway.”OmarwasjustoutofcollegeandworkingforanenvironmentalgroupcalledSustainableSouthBronxwhenhestartedconsideringhowtogetthis“goodgarbage”topeoplewhocoulduseit.Insteadofdestroyingoldthings,whynotcleanthemupandresellthem?Whynothirepeopleinthecommunitytodothework?Betteryet,whynotmakethisbusinessa“cooperative,”whichmeansthepeopleworkinginthebusinessownitandsharetheprofits?Outofthis,Omarstartedthefirstcooperativeinthecountrydedicatedtoreusingconstructionwaste.Tostarthisbusiness,Omarputupflyersalongthetruck-jammed,trash-filledneighborhoodstreets,lookingforpeopletoworkwithhim.Hesoonfoundfourotherdedicatedworkers.Theyrentedawarehouseandstartedlookingfordonationsofusedmaterials.InApril2008,Omar’scooperative,ReBuildersSource,openeditsbusinessandbegansellingconstructionsupplies—atreasonableprices—toneighborhoodbuildersandhomeowners.Withthehelpofcityofficials,healsobeganplanninganewtrainingprogramtohelplocalresidentslearntheskillstogetgoodjobsthathelptheenvironmentandevenstarttheirowncooperatives.Workersweretrainedtocarefullytakebuildingsapartsothatthingslikedoorsandwindowscanbereusedinsteadofbeingsmashedandsentofftoalandfill.Deconstructingbuildingsthiswaycouldbeahugeindustrywithmanygoodjobsforpeoplewhoneedthem.“Ifyouhaveauseforsomething,”Omarsays,“it’snolongerwaste.”4.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningtheSouthBronxintheparagraph1?A.Tocatchreaders’eye.B.ToexpresstheseriousconcernC.Toshowtheimportanceofdestroyinggarbage.D.Toinformreadersthebackgroundinformation.5.WhichwasNotthereasonforOmar’screatingacooperativebusiness?A.Toincreasecooperationamongneighbors. B.Todealwithdumpedrubbish.C.Toprovidejobsforlocalpeople. D.Tomakemoneyfromgarbage.6.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeOmar?A.Devotedandiron-hearted. B.Practicalandself-focused.C.Creativeandaction-oriented. D.Idealisticandbusiness-minded.7.WhichsayingmightinterpretOmar’saction?A.Killtwobirdswithonestone. B.Knowledgestartswithpractice.C.Onegoodturndeservesanother. D.Foureyesseemorethantwo.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了奥马尔看到南布朗克斯遍地垃圾，萌生了利用这些垃圾创业，并提供工作岗位的想法。在他的努力下，合作社ReBuildersSource开始营业，并开始以合理的价格向附近的建筑商和房主出售建筑用品。4．【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“TheSouthBronxisoneofthepoorestandmostpollutedplacesinAmerica,withsmog-chokedfreewaysandsmellywastewatertreatmentplants.(南布朗克斯是美国最贫穷、污染最严重的地区之一，高速公路烟雾弥漫，污水处理厂臭气熏天)”以及第三段“ButOmarstartedlookingatgarbageinadifferentway.(但奥马尔开始用一种不同的方式看待垃圾)”可推知，在第一段提到南布朗克斯的目的是为了吸引读者的眼球，好引出下文。故选D。5．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“OmarwasjustoutofcollegeandworkingforanenvironmentalgroupcalledSustainableSouthBronxwhenhestartedconsideringhowtogetthis“goodgarbage”topeoplewhocoulduseit.Insteadofdestroyingoldthings,whynotcleanthemupandresellthem?Whynothirepeopleinthecommunitytodothework?(奥马尔刚从大学毕业，在一个名为“南布朗克斯可持续发展”的环保组织工作时，他就开始考虑如何把这些“好垃圾”带给可以利用它的人。与其毁掉旧东西，为什么不把它们清理干净再卖掉呢?为什么不雇社区里的人来做这项工作呢？)”可知，“加强邻国之间的合作”不是奥马尔创建合作企业的原因。故选A。6．【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Outofthis,Omarstartedthefirstcooperativeinthecountrydedicatedtoreusingconstructionwaste.(以此为基础，奥马尔创办了国内第一家致力于建筑垃圾再利用的合作社)”以及第五段“InApril2008,Omar’scooperative,ReBuildersSource,openeditsbusinessandbegansellingconstructionsupplies—atreasonableprices—toneighborhoodbuildersandhomeowners.Withthehelpofcityofficials,healsobeganplanninganewtrainingprogramtohelplocalresidentslearntheskillstogetgoodjobsthathelptheenvironmentandevenstarttheirowncooperatives.(2008年4月，奥马尔的合作社ReBuildersSource开始营业，并开始以合理的价格向附近的建筑商和房主出售建筑用品。在市政府官员的帮助下，他还开始计划一个新的培训项目，帮助当地居民学习技能，找到有利于环境的好工作，甚至创办自己的合作社)”可推知，奥马尔有创造力和行动导向。故选C。7．【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Deconstructingbuildingsthiswaycouldbeahugeindustrywithmanygoodjobsforpeoplewhoneedthem.(以这种方式解构建筑可以成为一个巨大的产业，为需要它们的人提供许多好工作)”结合文章主要说明了奥马尔看到南布朗克斯遍地垃圾，萌生了利用这些垃圾创业，并提供工作岗位的想法。在他的努力下，合作社ReBuildersSource开始营业，并开始以合理的价格向附近的建筑商和房主出售建筑用品。可知，“一举两得”可以解释奥马尔的行为。故选A。CAfterCOVID-19,theBureauofLaborStatisticspredictsthatwhilethenumberofnurseshasincreasedinthepastthreeyears,thereisstillashortageofregisterednurses,andthattherewillbeoveronemillionunfillednursingjobs.Sowhat’sthesolution?Robots.Japanisaheadofthecurvewhenitcomestothistrend.ToyohashiUniversityofTechnologyhasdevelopedTerapio,aroboticmedicalcartthatcanmakehospitalrounds,anddelivermedicinesandotheritems.Thistypeofrobotwilllikelybeoneofthefirsttobeusedinhospital.Robotscapableofsocialengagementhelpwithlonelinessaswellascognitive(认知)functioning.TelepresencerobotssuchasMantaroBot,Vgo,andGiraffcanbecontrolledthroughacomputer,smartphone,ortablet,allowingfamilymembersordoctorstoremotelymonitorpatientsorSkype(网络电话)them.Ifyoucan’tgettothenursinghometovisitgrandma,youcanuseatelepresencerobottohangoutwithher.Arobot’sappearanceaffectsitsabilitytosuccessfullyinteractwithhumans,whichiswhytheHuman-InteractiveRobotResearchdecidedtodeveloparoboticnursethatlookslikeahugeteddybear.RIBA,alsoknownas“Robear,”canhelppatientsintoandoutofwheelchairsandbedswithitsstrongarms.OnthelesscuteandscariersidethereisActroidF,whichhassuchsoftskinandnaturalhaircolorthatsomepatientsmaynotknowthedifference.Thisconversationalrobotcompanionhascamerasinitseyes,whichallowittotrackpatientsanduseappropriatefacialexpressionsandbodylanguageinitsinteractions.It’simportanttonotethatroboticnursesdon’tdecidecoursesoftreatmentormakediagnoses.Instead,theyperformroutineandlaborioustasks,freeingnursesuptoattendtopatientswithimmediateneeds.Thisisoneindustrywhereitseemstheintegrationofrobotswillleadtocooperation,notreplacement.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph2mean?A.Setarecord. B.Takethelead.C.Missaturn. D.Reachthestandard.9.Telepresencerobotsmayservetheirrightpurposesinhospitalwhen________.A.theyassistdoctorswithlong-distancediagnoses B.theycollectmedicalrecordsforpatientsC.theymovethemobility-disabledpatients D.theydeliverfoodtoclinicaldoctors10.WhatisthedistinctiveattractionofActroidF?A.Itsscaryarmstrength. B.Itshuman-likevoice.C.Itsproperinteractiveresponse. D.Itsadorableappearance.11.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Robots—thefuturereplacementofnurses B.Robots—agoodsupplementtonursesC.Robots—anewwaytotreatpatients D.Robots—theearth-shakingreforminhospitals【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在未来，由于护士短缺，机器人将成为医疗领域的趋势，日本已经开发出了多款功能各异的医疗机器人，机器人将主要用于完成一些日常的重复性工作，从而减轻护士的负担，向患者提供更好的服务。【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.B8．【解析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“AfterCOVID-19,theBureauofLaborStatisticspredictsthatwhilethenumberofnurseshasincreasedinthepastthreeyears,theU.S.stillexperiencesashortageofregisterednurses,andthattherewillbeoveronemillionunfillednursingjobs.Sowhat’sthesolution?Robots.(在2019冠状病毒病之后，美国劳工统计局预测，虽然护士人数在过去三年中有所增加，但美国仍然面临注册护士短缺的问题，将有超过100万个护士职位空缺。那么解决方案是什么呢？)”及划线词组下文“ToyohashiUniversityofTechnologyhasdevelopedTerapio,aroboticmedicalcartthatcandelivermedicinesandotheritems.(日本丰桥工业大学开发了一款机器人医疗车Terapio，可以运送药品和其他物品)”可知，在使用机器人补充护士短缺问题上，日本走在了前面。由此可知，划线词组aheadofthecurve与B选项“Takingthelead(领先)”为同义词。故选B。9．【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“TelepresencerobotssuchasMantaroBot,Vgo,andGiraffcanbecontrolledthroughacomputer,smartphone,ortablet,allowingfamilymembersordoctorstoremotelymonitorpatientsorSkype(网络电话)them.

(像MantaroBot，Vgo和Giraff这样的远程呈现机器人可以通过电脑、智能手机或平板电脑进行控制，允许家庭成员或医生远程检查患者)”可推知，远程呈现机器人在医院协助医生进行远程诊断时，可能会达到正确的目的。故选A。10．【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“

Thisconversationalrobotcompanionhascamerasinitseyes,whichallowittotrackpatientsanduseappropriatefacialexpressionsandbodylanguageinitsinteractions.(这个会说话的机器人伴侣的眼睛里有摄像头，可以跟踪病人，并在互动中使用适当的面部表情和肢体语言。)”可推知，AndroidF的特别吸引人之处在于其恰当的互动反应。故选C。11．【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“AfterCOVID-19,theBureauofLaborStatisticspredictsthatwhilethenumberofnurseshasincreasedinthepastthreeyears,theU.S.stillexperiencesashortageofregisterednurses,andthattherewillbeoveronemillionunfillednursingjobs.Sowhat’sthesolution?Robots.(在2019冠状病毒病之后，美国劳工统计局预测，虽然护士人数在过去三年中有所增加，但美国仍然面临注册护士短缺的问题，将有超过100万个护士职位空缺。那么解决方案是什么呢？)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讲述的是文章介绍了在未来，由于护士短缺，机器人将成为医疗领域的趋势，日本已经开发出了多款功能各异的医疗机器人，包括可以进行巡逻的Terapio、可以帮助病人的Robear和外表逼真的会交流的机器人ActroidF等。机器人将主要用于完成一些日常的重复性工作，从而减轻护士的负担，向患者提供更好的服务。B选项“Robots—agoodsupplementtonurses(机器人——护士的好帮手)”概括文章主要内容，符合文章标题。故选B。DScientistsareconfusedabouttwonewlydiscoveredstars.Thetwostars,oneofwhichwasannouncedthismonthinthejournalNature,sendoutlongpulses(脉冲)ofradiowavesaboutevery20minutes.Thismeanstheymovemuchmoreslowly,andtheyhaveothercharacteristicsthatastronomerscan’texplain.“Weareallstillquiteamazed,”saysastronomerNatashaHurley-Walker,wholedthediscoveryofbothofthesesurprisingsources.Themysterybeganin2021,whenHurley-Walkerandhercolleaguesdiscoveredaslowlyrepeatingradiopulse.Itshoneforthreemonths.Butbythetimetheydiscovereditintherecords,itsactivityhaddieddown,andithadbecomeinvisibleintheskies.InaJanuary2022paper,thescientistssuggestedtheobjectcouldbeakindofstarcalledamagnetar(磁陀星).Buttheobject,withthenameGLEAM-XJ162759.5-523504.3,sentoutapulseevery18minutesinsteadofeveryfewsecondslikeknownmagnetars.ItalsohadnoX-raysignalassociatedwiththeradioemission(发射),whichdoesn’tfitwithmagnetartheories.Andstrangely,theobject’smagneticfieldwaslikelymuchstrongerthanpreviouslyseen.Sothescientistsbeganlookingforothersimilarobjects.InJune2022.Hurley-Walkerandhercolleaguesbeganobservingtheentirevisibleskyeverythreenights.Almostimmediately,theyfoundsomethingthatsentoutaradioflashevery21minutes.Atfirstglance,itlookedsimilartothepreviouslydiscoveredobject.Butoncetheteambegantodigthroughdataforadditionalpulsesfromthissource,namedGPMJ1839-10,theobjectonlyseemedmoreperplexing.Unlikethefirststar,thesignalofJ1839-10wasdetectedoverdecades.Fornow,researchersassumebothobjectsarethesame.Butwhywouldoneflashforthreemonthsandtheotherfor33yearsandcounting?“Idon’tknow,”saysHurley-Walker.“That’stheproblem.”12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthetwonewlydiscoveredstars?A.TheyweremadepublicinNaturethismonth.B.Theymoveattheslowestspeedofallknownstars.C.Theysendoutshortradiowavesevery20minutes.D.Theyareunlikethestarsastronomershaveseenbefore.13.Howoftendoknownmagnetarssendoutapulse?A.Every18minutes. B.Every20minutes.C.Every21minutes. D.Everyfewseconds.14.Whatdrovescientiststolookforthesecondstar?A.Strangefeaturesofthefirststar. B.Theassumptionofthemagnetartheories.C.Radiowavesresearchproject. D.Thegovernment’sguidanceprogram.15.What’sHurley-Walker’sreactiontowardstheresultoftheirobservation?A.Critical. B.Puzzled C.Defensive. D.Favorable.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家发现了两颗不一样的行星，解释了观察经过以及这两颗行星的不同之处。【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.B12．【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thismeanstheymovemuchmoreslowly,andtheyhaveothercharacteristicsthatastronomerscan’texplain.(这意味着它们的移动速度要慢得多，而且它们还有其他一些天文学家无法解释的特征)”以及第二段“Buttheobject,withthenameGLEAM-XJ162759.5-523504.3,sentoutapulseevery18minutesinsteadofeveryfewsecondslikeknownmagnetars.(但这颗名为GLEAM-XJ162759.5-523504.3的天体每18分钟发出一次脉冲，而不是像已知的磁星那样每几秒钟发出一次脉冲)”可知，这两颗新发现的恒星不像天文学家以前见过的恒星。故选D。13．【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Buttheobject,withthenameGLEAM-XJ162759.5-523504.3,sentoutapulseevery18minutesinsteadofeveryfewsecondslikeknownmagnetars.(但这颗名为GLEAM-XJ162759.5-523504.3的天体每18分钟发出一次脉冲，而不是像已知的磁星那样每几秒钟发出一次脉冲)”可知，已知磁星每隔几秒钟发出一次脉冲。故选D。14．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“ItalsohadnoX-raysignalassociatedwiththeradioemission(发射),whichdoesn’tfitwithmagnetartheories.Andstrangely,theobject’smagneticfieldwaslikelymuchstrongerthanpreviouslyseen.Sothescientistsbeganlookingforothersimilarobjects.(它也没有与射电发射相关的x射线信号，这与磁星理论不符。奇怪的是，这个物体的磁场可能比之前看到的要强得多。因此，科学家们开始寻找其他类似的物体)”可知，第一颗恒星的奇怪特征驱使科学家去寻找第二颗恒星。故选A。15．【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butwhywouldoneflashforthreemonthsandtheotherfor33yearsandcounting?“Idon’tknow,”saysHurley-Walker.“That’stheproblem.”(但为什么一个闪光三个月，另一个闪光33年，而且还在继续？“我不知道，”Hurley-Walker说，“这就是问题所在。”)”可推知，Hurley-Walker对他们的观察结果感到困惑。故选B。第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。DoYouLaughTooLittle?Whenwearekids,welaughalot.Childrenlaughdozensoftimesaday:theylaughatsmallthingsandbigthings;theylaughatsillyjokesandseriousthings.___16___.Doyoulaughtoolittleinyourlife?Shouldyourememberhowyouusedtolaughasachild?Infact,laughterhasalotofbenefits.___17___.Itcanreduceyourbloodpressure.Anditcontributestothereleaseofhormonesandneurotransmitters,whichisgoodforourhealth:ifwearelaughing,itmeansthatalliswell.___18___.Ithelpsusfeelmoreateasearoundnewpeopleandalsoconnectsuswithothers.Laughingtogetherisgreatforbonding,nomatterwhatthesituation.Agoodideatolaughascarefreeasachildistoallowyourselftoplay.Playisanaturalactivitythatpromotesalotoflaughter,whetherit’sthroughvideogames,outdoorgames,orboardgames.___19___!Beyondthat,youcanalsocultivate(培养)situationsthatpromotelaughterinyourlife.___20___.Besillywithyourfriends,makejokesandlaughatjokes.Makeaconsciousefforttoincludethings,people,andeventsthatmakeyoulaughinyourdailylife.Trytoseeyourfriendsmoreoften.Hangoutwithfamilymembersthatarenicetobearound,withwhomyoucanhavefun,laugh,andenjoyyourself.A.Don’ttakeyourselfsofunnyB.Inadditiontothis,laughinghasasocialfunctionC.Ifnot,maybeitisthepointofworryingaboutitD.DiscoverwhatyouliketoplayandhavefunwithitE.Watchfunnyfilmsandvideos,andreadfunnyarticlesandbooksF.Butaswebecomeadults,itismuchmoredifficulttolaughsoeasilyG.It’sagreatwaytorelax,notjustonapurelyemotionallevel,butalsophysically.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍笑的好处并鼓励人们要多笑。【答案】16.F17.G18.B19.D20.E16．【解析】根据上文“Whenwearekids,welaughalot.Childrenlaughdozensoftimesaday:theylaughatsmallthingsandbigthings;theylaughatsillyjokesandseriousthings.(当我们还是孩子的时候，我们经常笑。孩子们一天笑几十次：他们对小事和大事都笑；他们嘲笑愚蠢的笑话和严肃的事情。)”和下文“Doyoulaughtoolittleinyourlife?(你在生活中笑得太少了吗？)”可知，这里提到小时候经常笑，但是长大之后却笑的很少。选项F“但当我们长大成人后，就很难如此轻易地笑了”和上下文意思一致。故选F。17．【解析】根据上文“Infact,laughterhasalotofbenefits.(事实上，笑有很多好处。)”可知，这里说明笑的好处很多，所以接下来应该是列举笑的具体的好处。选项G“这是一种很好的放松方式，不仅在纯粹的情感层面上，还有身体上的”和上文意思一致。故选G。18．【解析】根据下文“Ithelpsusfeelmoreateasearoundnewpeopleandalsoconnectsuswithothers.Laughingtogetherisgreatforbonding,nomatterwhatthesituation.(它帮助我们在新朋友身边感到更自在，也将我们与他人联系在一起。无论在什么情况下，一起笑都有助于建立联系。)”可知，这里提到的是笑在社交方面的好处。选项B“除此之外，笑还有社交功能”和下文意思一致。故选B。19．【解析】根据上文“Playisanaturalactivitythatpromotesalotoflaughter,whetherit’sthroughvideogames,outdoorgames,orboardgames.(游戏是一种自然的活动，无论是通过电子游戏、户外游戏还是棋盘游戏，都能引起很多笑声。)”可知，这里提到游戏可以带来更多的笑声。选项D“去找找你喜欢玩的游戏，并从中获得乐趣”和上文意思一致。故选D。20．【解析】根据上文“Beyondthat,youcanalsocultivate(培养)situationsthatpromotelaughterinyourlife.(除此之外，你还可以在生活中培养能促进笑声的环境。)”和下文“Besillywithyourfriends,makejokesandlaughatjokes.(和你的朋友呆在一起，开玩笑，嘲笑笑话。)”可知，这里介绍创造有笑声的环境和方法。选项E“看有趣的电影和录像，读有意思的文章和书籍”和上下文意思一致。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)YoumightsayIfoundMarathoning,stepbystep.Orperhapsitfoundme.Iwas______21______anathletegrowingup.Infact,Ihaveahardtime______22______thattermtomyselfeventoday.ItstartedwhenIjoinedagroupofwomeninmyneighborhoodforadailythree-milewalk.Atfirstitwas______23______.Butsoon,mybodyadjustedandIwanted______24______.Beforelong,Iwasrunning5miles.ThenIsetagoaltorunahalfmarathon.AndIdidcompletetheCoveredBridgesHalfMarathon.Ithought,“Nowwhat?”Istartedto______25______amarathon.ItsohappenedthatI______26______ameetingonenightandlistenedtothespeakerandcoach,RickMuhr,andwasso______27______byhiswords.ItoldhimthatIhadsignedupfortheOceanStateMarathon,justaweekaway,andthatIreallydidn’tbelieveIcould______28______.Ricklockedeyeswithmeandsaid,“Trish,you’vedoneenoughtraining.You’llfinish!”Ineverhadsomeone______29______melikethat,letaloneareal,livecoach.Hegavemethe________30________Ineeded.Isetouttorunmy________31________marathonandcompleteditin4:25:00.LittledidIknowthatthiswouldbethebeginningofnearlyadecadeofmarathonanddistancerunning.Runningamarathonisn’tforeverybody.Butitisforanybody,anybodywhowantsto________32________theunreachableandtotakethat________33________intotherestoftheirlife.Whenyoucrossthefinishlineyoumayneverhavea________34________pictureofwhatyouaremadeofandcapableofaccomplishing.Your________35________oftheworldand,moreimportantly,ofyourselfwillforeverbechanged!21.A.always B.rarely C.never D.nearly22.A.pointing B.applying C.turning D.spreading23.A.hard B.relaxing C.unfamiliar D.exciting24.A.some B.both C.more D.none25.A.report B.record C.recall D.consider26.A.held B.missed C.attended D.mentioned27.A.inspired B.disturbed C.embarrassed D.amused28.A.participate B.finish C.win D.run29.A.agreewith B.relyon C.carefor D.believein30.A.confidence B.pleasure C.satisfaction D.motivation31.A.last B.first C.only D.second32.A.test B.identify C.imagine D.reach33.A.knowledge B.request C.principle D.experience34.A.bigger B.brighter C.clearer D.nicer35.A.view B.love C.description D.memory【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢上马拉松的过程和这项运动的意义。【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.D30.A31.B32.D33.D34.C35.A21．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从小到大都不是运动员。A.always总是；B.rarely很少；C.never从不；D.nearly几乎。根据上文“YoumightsayIfoundmarathoning,stepbystep.”和下文“ItstartedwhenIjoinedagroupofwomeninmyneighborhoodforadailythree-milewalk.”可推知，作者成年后才接触马拉松，所以在之前的成长过程中，她并不喜欢运动，不算运动员。故选C项。22．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，即使在今天，我也很难把这个词用在自己身上。A.pointing指向；B.applying运用；C.turning转动；D.spreading传播。根据下文“thattermtomyself”可推知，作者觉得很难把“运动员”这一专有名词用在自己身上，applysth.tosb.是固定短语，意为“把……运用于……”。故选B项。23．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始很难。A.hard困难的；B.relaxing令人放松的；C.unfamiliar不熟悉的；D.exciting令人兴奋的。根据下文“Butsoon,mybodyadjusted”可知，一开始作者的身体没有适应，所以会觉得很难。故选A项。24．【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：但很快，我的身体适应了，我想要更多。A.some一些；B.both两者都；C.more更多；D.none一个也没有。根据上文“adailythree-milewalk”和下文“Beforelong,Iwasrunning5miles.”可知，作者由一开始的步行3英里转变到跑步5英里，说明在身体适应后，作者想要进行更多运动。故选C项。25．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始考虑马拉松。A.report报告；B.record记录；C.recall回忆；D.consider考虑。根据上文“Nowwhat?”可推知，作者在完成了半程马拉松后开始寻找下一个目标，开始考虑全程的马拉松比赛。故选D项。26．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我碰巧参加了一个会议，听了演讲者兼教练RickMuhr的演讲，他的话让我深受鼓舞。A.held举行；B.missed错过；C.attended参加；D.mentioned提到。根据下文“ameetingonenightandlistenedtothespeakerandcoach”可知，作者参加了一个会议，听了演讲。故选C项。27．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我碰巧参加了一个会议，听了演讲者兼教练RickMuhr的演讲，他的话让我深受鼓舞。A.inspired受鼓舞的；B.disturbed心神不安的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.amused愉快的。根据下文“ItoldhimthatIhadsignedupfortheOceanStateMarathon,justaweekaway,andthatIreallydidn’tbelieveIcould_______.”可推知，作者深受教练RickMuhr的话的鼓舞，所有才想和他分享自己的担忧，希望得到鼓励。故选A项。28．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，我已经报名参加了一周后的海洋州马拉松比赛，我真的不相信自己能跑完全程。A.participate参与；B.finish完成；C.win赢得；D.run奔跑。根据下文教练RickMuhr鼓舞的话“Trish,you’vedoneenoughtraining.You’llfinish!”可推知，作者怕自己无法完成马拉松比赛。故选B项。29．【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：从来没有人这么信任我，更不用说真正的教练了。A.agreewith同意；B.relyon依赖；C.carefor照顾；D.believein相信。根据上文教练RickMuhr的话“Trish,you’vedoneenoughtraining.You’llfinish!”可知，教练表达了对作者的信任。故选D项。30．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我所需要的信心。A.confidence信心；B.pleasure快乐；C.satisfaction满意；D.motivation动力。根据上文“ItoldhimthatIhadsignedupfortheOceanStateMarathon,justaweekaway,andthatIreallydidn’tbelieveIcould_______.”可知，作者对完成马拉松没有信心，所以教练RickMuhr的鼓励给了她信心。故选A项。31．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始跑我的第一次马拉松，并以4:25:00完成了它。A.last最后的；B.first第一的；C.only仅有的；D.second第二的。根据上文“AndIdidcompletetheCoveredBridgesHalfMarathon.Ithought,“Nowwhat?”Istartedto_____amarathon.”可知，这是作者第一次跑全程马拉松。故选B项。32．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但它适合任何人，任何想要达到不可企及的高点并将这种经历带入他们的余生的人。A.test测试；B.identify识别；C.imagine想象；D.reach到达。根据上文作者的经历可知，参加马拉松不是件容易的事情，结合句中“theunreachable(不可企及的高点)”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点。故选D项。33．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但它适合任何人，任何想要达到不可企及的高点并将这种经历带入他们的余生的人。A.knowledge知识，认识；B.request请求；C.principle原则，原理；D.experience经历，经验。作者讲完成马拉松相当于到达不可企及的高点，这是一种经历，一种可以铭记余生的经历。故选D项。34．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你冲过终点线时，你可能会对自己的素质和能力有最清晰的认识。A.bigger更大的；B.brighter更明亮的；C.clearer更清晰的；D.nicer更美好的。根据上文“whowantsto_________theunreachable”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点，结合句中“pictureofwhatyouaremadeofandcapableofaccomplishing”可推知，当冲过终点线时，你就突破了自己，会对自己有最清晰的认识。故选C项。35．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你对世界的看法，更重要的是，你对自己的看法将永远改变！A.view观点；B.love爱；C.description描述；D.memory记忆。根据上文“Whenyoucrossthefinishlineyoumayneverhavea_________pictureofwhatyouaremadeofandcapableofaccomplishing.”可知，冲过马拉松的终点意味着突破极限，会对自己有最清晰的认识，所以对世界和自己的看法将永远改变。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。Demandfortheworld’s___36___(smell)fruithassoared400%,fueledbyChina’s‘craze’.Somesayit’ssticky-sweet,otherssayitsmellslikesocks.Loveitorhateit,theappetiteforduriansisgrowing___37___(greed)—especiallyinChina.Globaldemandforpolarizingfruitsoared400%year-on-year,accordingtoHSBCwhichsaidit’sacceleratedbya“craze”forthefruitinChina.“Contrary___38___globaltrends,duriandemandissurgingby400%year-on-year___39___(lead)almostsolelybyacrazeinChina.”,areportreleasedbythebankonMondaysaid.Overthepasttwoyears,China___40___(import)$6billionworthofdurians-accountingfor91%ofglobaldemand,HSBC’sASEANeconomistArisDacanaysaidinthereport.