牛津译林版（新）八年级下册Unit Online tours

八年级下册英语教学课件系列Grammar

Unit3OnlinetoursSimplepasttenseandpresentperfecttense现在完成时：

表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态。结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词一般疑问句：have/has…?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.Yes,shehas.No,shehasn’t.1．现在完成时动词构成have/has+v

过去分词助动词否定haven’thasn’t疑问Haveyou…?Hashe…?常与下列时间状语连用：just,already,yet,ever,never,before,severaltimes1．现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身，与现在的结果无关。现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上的区别举例如下：

Ihavecleanedmyroom.（Myroomiscleannow.）

我已经打扫过我的房间了。

Icleanedmyroomlastweek.（Ididitinthepast.）

我上周打扫了我的房间。

Fatherhas

gone

toAmoy.（HewenttoAmoyandheisnotherenow.）爸爸已经去厦门了。

Theyhave

boughtadictionary.（Theyboughtadictionaryandtheyhaveitnow.）

他们买了一本字典。注意:

现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语（如:yesterday,last,year,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenshecamein等）连用，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语（如:already,yet,ever,never,sometimes,always,often,before,once,twice,recently,lately等）连用；也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语（如：today,thismorning,thisweek,thisyear等）连用。2．现在完成进行时和现在完成时都可以表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”这一概念,有时两者可以互相代用,但前者多用于口语。在含义上如着重表示动作的结果时,多用现在完成时;如着重表示动作一直在进行,即动作的延续性时,则多用现在完成进行时。一般不能用于进行时的动词也不能用于现在完成时行时。

现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用（如：in1990，lastSunday等）。

一般过去时：一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：have/has+V过去分词Ihavewaitedforhimformanytimes.我等他等了好几次了。Ihave

been

waiting

forhimforanhour.我等他等了一小时。Hehas

drunksixcupsofcoffee.

他喝了六杯咖啡。Hehas

been

drinkingcoffee.他一直在喝咖啡。Therearesomedifferencesbetweenthesimplepasttenseandthepresentperfecttense. •Weusethesimplepasttensetotellwhathappenedinthepast.DanielwenttoBeijingtwoyearsago.

SimplepasttenseandpresentperfecttenseWeusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.DanielhaslivedinBeijingfortwoyears.Weusethesimplepasttensetotellwhathappenedinthepast.Danielboughtanewcomputerlastmonth.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkabouttheresultofanaction.Whentheactionhappenedisnotveryimportant.Itmayhave

justhappenedorhappenedsometimeago.Danielhasboughtanewcomputer.（Danielhasanewcomputernow.）MrWuvisitedCanadain2010and2011.Weusethesimplepasttensetotellwhathappenedinthepast.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotellhowmanytimesanactionhhappenedtillnow.MrWuhasbeentoCanadatwice.Weoftenusethesetimeexpressionswiththepresentperfecttense.alreadyeverjustrecently（not）yetSofaruptonowuntil/tillnowTip2Weoftenusethesetimeexpressionswiththesimplepasttense.yesterdaytheotherdaylast……agoTip1ASimonisshowingMilliesomepictures.Completehissentenceswiththecorrect

formsofthewordsinbrackets.DifferencesbetweenthetwoI________（visit）thePalaceMuseumwithmygrandparentstheotherday.visited2．I_________（climb）MountHuanglastSummer.climbed3．______youever_______（try）thefamousTianjinBaozi?Havetried4．IamhappythatI____________（learn）toswim.havelearntBMrWuisaskingthestudentstomakesentenceswiththecorrecttenses.Helpthemcompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.1．I__________________ （finish/just）myhomework. Millie_________（finish）herhomework20minutesago.havejustfinishedfinished4．I_________（live）inSunshineTownsinceIwasborn.Daniel______（live）inNanjingin2007.2．I______（write）anemailtomyfriendyesterday.Daniel__________________（write/already）twoemails.3．I_____（be）inHainanlastmonth.Someofourclassmates_____________ （notbe）toHainanyet.wrotehasalreadywrittenwashasnotbeenhavelivedlivedMillie:__________________ （you/be/ever）toNanjing?Simon:Yes.I（2）_________（be）therethreetimes.Millie:When（3）___________（you/go）therelast?CMilliehasneverbeentoNanjing.SheisaskingSimonaboutthecity.Completetheirconversationwiththecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.HaveyoueverbeenhavebeendidyougoSimon:Lastsummer.I（4）_______（spend）aweekthere.Millie:（5）___________（you/like）it?Simon:Ohyes.I（6）______（have）agreattimethere.I（7）________（visit）manyplacesofinterestand（8）____（eat）lotsoflocalfood.Millie:Luckyyou!I（9）_______________（be/never）there.spentDidyoulikehadvisitedatehaveneverbeenSaturday,15MarchHaveyoueverdreamtoftravellingaroundtheworldwithoutapassport?Yes,youcanrealizeyourdreambytakinganonlinetour.YesterdayDaniel________meanonlineDMillieiswritingabouttheUSAinherdiary.Completeherdiaryentrywiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.be buyreadreturn see showshowedtouroftheUSA.I（2）_______never______somanywonderfulpicturesbefore.Lastweek,I（3）________abookabouttheplacesofinterestintheUSA.I（4）__________20pagesalready.Itsreallyinteresting.Mydad（5）____just________fromtheUSA,butI（6）______never

_____there.IhopeIcanvisittheUSAsomeday.haveseenboughthavereadhasreturnedhave一、改写句子。1．Myfathercamebackfromthebookshopjustnow.Myfather______just______________thebookshop.2．HebegantolearnChinesein2001.He____________Chinesesince2001.3．Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm_________________sincetwominutesago.4．Hehashadthemotorbikefortwoyears.It’stwoyears______he________themotorbike.He________themotorbiketwoyears______.Twoyears____________sincehe______themotorbike.hasreturnedfromhaslearnedhasbeenon

sinceboughtboughtagohaspassedboughtExercise1．I________heardofthatstorybefore.A.don’thaveB.nothaveC.havenotD.nottohave2．She’sneverbeentothatfactory,_________?A.isshe

B.wassheC.doessheD.hasshe3．Haveyoumadedumplings__________?No,Ihaven’t.A.justnowB.yesterdayC.agoD.before4．Tom________illsincelastnight.A.wasB.isC.hasbeenD.be5．Howlonghaveyou_________Nanjing?A.gonetoB.beentoC.beeninD.wenttoCDDCC二、单选6．HowmanytimeshasJim_______thatpark?Twice.A.go