浙江省91高中联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

2023学年第一学期浙江省9+1高中联盟高二年级期中考试英语考生须知：1.本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟;2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场、座位号及准考证号并核对条形码信息;3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效，考试结束后，只需上交答题卷;4.参加联批学校的学生可关注“启望教育”公众号查询个人成绩分析。第Ⅰ卷(选择题部分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节：短对话(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydoesthemanwanttobuyhisbrotherapresent?A.Hisbrotherisfinishinghighschool.B.Hisbrotheristurning18nextweek.C.Hisbrothergraduatedfromcollege.2.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$15.B.$12.C.$10.3.Whywastheboytalkinginclass?A.Hewasnotpayingattention.B.Hehadsomethingtotelltheclass.C.Heneededtoknowthepagenumber.4.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Sheishisstudent.B.Sheishisdaughter.C.Sheishispatient.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Howtheyspenttheirweekend.B.Wheretheyspenttheirweekend.C.Whotheyspenttheirweekendwith.第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendidthewomangethere?A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSunday.7.WhatisTim’smajor?A.English.B.History.C.Biology.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatisAnne’snationality?A.American.B.British.C.Italian.9.WhatdoesAnne’ssisterdo?A.She’sastudent.B.She’sanartist.C.She’sanarchitect.10.WhatisJackgoingtodonext?A.Putonahat.B.Cleanthehouse.C.Gotohisroom.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Accordingtotheconversation,whatdoesGooglewanttodo?A.Researchdrivers’sleeppatterns.BReplacealldriverswithcomputers.C.Promotemoredriverlesstrucking.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestabouttrucks?A.Humandriversreactquickerthanmachines.B.Manyjobsdisappearwithself-drivingtrucks.C.Manyaccidentsinvolvehuman-drivingtrucks.13.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutself-drivingtrucks?A.He’salittlescaredbythem.B.He’sexcitedbytheirspeed.C.Hethinksthey’remuchsafer.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofJessica?A.Shewasenergetic.B.Shewasnaughty.C.Shewaspolite.15.Whatdidthewomaneatfordinner?A.Japanesefood.B.Chinesenoodles.C.Pizzadeliveredhome.16.Howmuchdoesthewomanchargeperhour?A.Fifteendollars.B.Tendollars.C.Twentydollars.17.Wheredidthemangotonight?A.Toarestaurant.B.Toafriend’shouse.C.Toamovietheater.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题.18.Forwhatpurposearesomegamersplaying“Stray”?A.Toimprovethegame.B.Toraisemoney.C.Towinrealcats.19.Whathappenedwhen“Stray”wasfirstshownonTwitch?A.Itrankedfirstamongthemostwatchedgames.B.Itbecamethefourthmostpurchasedgame.C.Itenjoyedasuccessfarbeyondexpectations.20.WhatimpactdoesSwannMartin-Ragethope“Stray”have?A.Itcaninspirepeopletocareforhomelessanimals.B.Itcanraisemoremoneyforitscreativeteam.C.Itcanpreventpeoplefromabusinganimals.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节：(共15个小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHereare4booksyoushouldreadatleastonceinyourlife.NumbertheStarsbyLoisIttellsthestoryofaDanishgirlgrowingupinWorldWarIIwithherbestfriend,Ellen,whohappenstobeJewish.WhenshelearnsaboutthehorrorsthattheNazisareimposingontheJewishpeople,sheandherfamilystopatnothingtoprotectEllenandcountlessotherJews.Lois’novelisapowerfulreminderthatculturalandreligiousdifferencesarenodividebetweentruefriends.TheLittlePrincebyAntoineItisthestoryofalittleboywhofallstoEarthfromanAsteroid(小行星)aftervisitingseveralotherasteroidstotrytounderstandmankind.Inhistravelshemeetsaseriesofstrangeanddelightfulcharactersandanuntamedfox.TheLittlePrinceisaheartwarmingtaleofthepoweroffriendshipandtrust.Charlotte’sWebbyE.B.WhiteWhodoesn’tloveanovelabouttalkinganimals?Itopensthedoortoimagination,askingustoimaginewhataworldwhereanimalscouldtalkwouldbelike.Onamoreseriousnote,itchallengesustoaskourselveshowwe’dtreatanimalsiftheycouldtalk.Iftheycouldtellustheirjoysandtheirfears,wouldmankindtreatthemmorehumanely?ToKillaMockingbirdbyHarperLeeThestorycentersonJeanLouiseFinchanunusuallyintelligentgirlwhoagesfromsixtonineyearsoldduringthenovel.Herfather,AtticusFinch,awell-knownandrespectedlawyer,defendsTomRobinson,anAfricanAmericanwhoisfalselyaccusedofkillingayoungwhitewoman.Itisbothayounggirl’scoming-of-agestoryandadarkerdramaabouttherootsandconsequencesofracismandprejudiceinsociety.1.WhatdothetwobooksNumbertheStarsandTheLittlePrincebothinvolve?A.History. B.Travel. C.Friendship. D.Family.2.WhatkindofbookisCharlotte’sWeb?A.Afairystorybook. B.Ananimalsciencebook.C.Abiologytextbook. D.Ananimalbookforkids.3.WhatsubjectmaythebookToKillaMockingbirdexplore?A.Familyconflicts. B.Careerdesign.C.Legalsystems. D.Socialissues.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本一生至少要读一次的书。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据NumbertheStarsbyLois中“Lois’novelisapowerfulreminderthatculturalandreligiousdifferencesarenodividebetweentruefriends.(Lois的小说有力地提醒我们，文化和宗教的差异并不能区分真正的朋友)”和TheLittlePrincebyAntoine中“TheLittlePrinceisaheartwarmingtaleofthepoweroffriendshipandtrust.(《小王子》是一个关于友谊和信任的力量的暖心故事)”可知，《数星星》和《小王子》都涉及了友谊。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Charlotte’sWebbyE.B.White中“Whodoesn’tloveanovelabouttalkinganimals?Itopensthedoortoimagination,askingustoimaginewhataworldwhereanimalscouldtalkwouldbelike.(谁不喜欢会说话的动物的小说呢？它打开了想象的大门，让我们想象一个动物会说话的世界会是什么样子的)”可知，小说《夏洛的网》用想象力描绘了一个动物会说话的世界，因此是一本童话故事书。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据ToKillaMockingbirdbyHarperLee中“Itisbothayounggirl’scoming-of-agestoryandadarkerdramaabouttherootsandconsequencesofracismandprejudiceinsociety.(这既是一个小女孩的成长故事，也是一部关于社会中种族主义和偏见的根源和后果的黑暗戏剧)”可知，《杀死一只知更鸟》揭示了社会中种族主义和偏见的根源和后果，因此它探究的主题是社会问题。故选D项。BTheGreatLibraryofAlexandriawasamarvelofancientEgypt.FoundedduringtheHellenisticperiod,sometimebetween324and246BCE,theLibrarywasreportedlyanarchitecturalwonder.Moreimportantly,theLibraryhousedavastcollectionofworksfromallacrosstheancientworldandwasamajorcenterofscholarship.TheLibraryshoulderedthemissionofcollectingalloftheworld’sbooks,andemployednumerousmethodstoacquire(获得)newworks.Awell-fundedacquisitionsdepartmentsearchedthebookfairsofRhodesandAthens,buyingindividualtextsorevenwholelibraries.ShipsthatlandedattheharborofAlexandriaweresearchedforbookstoaddtotheLibrary’scollection.TheLibraryalsoemployedanumberofscholarswhoproducedoriginalworksonsubjectssuchasastronomy,mathematics,andphysics.Inadditiontocollectingbooksandconductingresearch,thewritersandscholarsoftheGreatLibrarytranslatedtextsfromaroundtheworldintoGreekandcollectedauthoritativeversionsfromdifferenttranslations.SomeofthefirsttranslationsofBiblical(《圣经》中的)textsintoGreekmayhaveoccurredattheLibraryinthetimeofPtolemyI.Muchworkwasdonetocompile(编写)andeditauthoritativeversionsoftheHomericmythsforwhichtheGreeksaresowellknowntoday,andthesewereonlyafewofthegreatworksoftranslationandeditingthattookplaceinAlexandriaintheHellenisticperiod.ItisironicthatthefateoftheGreatLibrary—aninstitutioncommittedtothecollectionandpreservationofknowledge—ishiddeninmythandmystery.ManysourcessaytheLibraryburneddown,butthedateisuncertain.Itmayhaveburneddownmorethanonce,eitherbyaccident,orintentionally.Smallersisterinstitutionsmayhavesurvivedtheoriginallibrary,tobedestroyedlater.TheGreatLibrary,orsomeversionofit,couldhavesurvivedforanywherefrom300to1,000years.Howeveritended,therecanbelittledoubtthatthescholarshipofTheGreatLibraryhadagreatandlastingimpactonhistory,andtheworksthatwerekept,translated,orcreatedtherehavehadaprofoundinfluenceonourcultureeventothepresentday.4.Howdidtheygetsomanybooksforthelibrary?A.Bysendingtheshipstosearchforbooks.B.BytranslatingGreekbooksintoEnglish.C.Bysearchingbookfairsaroundtheworld.D.Bywritingbooksrelatedtocertaintopics.5.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“ironic”inparagraph3?A.Wonderful. B.Typical. C.Strange. D.Intentional.6.Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,whichiscertaintobetrueabouttheGreatLibrary?A.Itsurvivedfor1,000years. B.Ithadahiddencollectionofworks.C.Itburneddownonmanyoccasions. D.Ithashadagreatculturalinfluence.7.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroducesomeinformationaboutahistoriclibrary.B.Toreporttheroleofgreatlibrariesthroughouthistory.C.TocompareversionsoftheGreatLibrary’sdestruction.D.ToexplaintheimportanceofrebuildingtheGreatLibrary.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了theGreatLibrary曾经的辉煌历史和它的神秘消失。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“TheLibraryalsoemployedanumberofscholarswhoproducedoriginalworksonsubjectssuchasastronomy,mathematics,andphysics.(图书馆还聘请了一些学者，他们在天文学、数学和物理学等学科上创作了原创作品)”可知，他们通过聘请学者创作与某些主题相关的书为图书馆收集了很多书。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据“thatthefateoftheGreatLibrary—aninstitutioncommittedtothecollectionandpreservationofknowledge—ishiddeninmythandmystery.(大图书馆的命运—一个致力于收集和保存知识的机构——的命运隐藏在神话和神秘之中。)”可知，这样一个致力于收藏和保存知识的大图书馆。它的命运仍然是一个谜，这件事很奇怪。设空处和C项：Strange(奇怪的)含义相近。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Howeveritended,therecanbelittledoubtthatthescholarshipofTheGreatLibraryhadagreatandlastingimpactonhistory,andtheworksthatwerekept,translated,orcreatedtherehavehadaprofoundinfluenceonourcultureeventothepresentday.(不管它的结局如何，毫无疑问，大图书馆的学术研究对历史产生了巨大而持久的影响，在那里保存、翻译或创作的作品对我们的文化产生了深远的影响，甚至直到今天)”可知，大图书馆有很大的文化影响。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“TheGreatLibrary,orsomeversionofit,couldhavesurvivedforanywherefrom300to1,000years.Howeveritended,therecanbelittledoubtthatthescholarshipofTheGreatLibraryhadagreatandlastingimpactonhistory,andtheworksthatwerekept,translated,orcreatedtherehavehadaprofoundinfluenceonourcultureeventothepresentday.(大图书馆，或者它的某个版本，可能已经存在了300到1000年。不管它的结局如何，毫无疑问，大图书馆的学术研究对历史产生了巨大而持久的影响，在那里保存、翻译或创作的作品对我们的文化产生了深远的影响，甚至直到今天。)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一个历史图书馆的相关信息，这也是作者的写作意图。故选A。CTherearemanydifferencesinwaysofthinkingbetweenEastandWest.Manyofthemarereflectedindailybehaviour.Inparticular,Chinesepeoplesometimesattachmoreimportancetotheirappearanceandsocialstatusthantotheirinnerqualities,whileWesternersthinktheopposite.However,Socrates(AncientGreekphilosopher)andConfuciussharesignificantsimilaritiesthatareuniversal.Bothphilosophersshareseveralteachingsincommon;forexample,theirunderstandingofthenatureofknowledgeandtheiropinionsoneducation.Socratesbelieved“Thereisonlyonegood,knowledge;andonlyoneevil,ignorance.”Similarly,Confuciussaid,“Isn’titapleasuretostudyandpracticewhatyouhavelearned?”Butbothalsoacknowledgethelimitsofknowledge.Socratessaid:“AllIknowisthatIknownothing.”Similarly,Confuciussaid,“Whenyouknowathing,toholdyouknowit;whenyoudon’tknowathing,toallowyoudon’tknowit-thisisknowledge.”However,thereareimportantdifferencesintheirunderstandingofmorality.Confuciusbelievedeachpersonshouldfollowcertainregulationsaccordingtovirtue(德行).Everyoneshouldplaytheirroleinasocietywherepeopleareinterdependentinordertoachieveharmonyinthewholesociety.Forinstance,whenaskedhowtogovernacountry,Confuciusstated“Anemperorshouldactlikeanemperor,asubjectshouldactlikeasubject.”Socrates,however,placesself-knowledgeoversocialknowledge.Anotherdifferencebetweenthemistheirattitudetowardspoliticaldomination(支配).Confuciusbelievedthebestwaytogovernacountryisn’tthroughlegalsystem,butthroughvirtue.Socrates,bycontrast,declaredthat“nothingismoreimportantthanjustice”.WhyhaveEastandWestdevelopedsuchdifferentculturalvalues?AwidelyacceptedtheoryholdsthatEasterncivilizationwasanagriculturalcivilization.Hencetheneedforacollectivesocietyandfriendlyrelationswithneighborswasstrong.Westerncivilization,however,wasnomadic(游牧的).Theirmobilitymakesthemlessdependentonsocietyaftermigration.Inspiteoftheirdifferences,thetwocultureshavemoreincommonthandifferences.ThesharedconcernformoralvaluesintheteachingsofSocratesandConfuciusalsoshowsusmorefundamentalsimilaritiesbetweenEasternandWesternculturesintheirpursuitofvirtuouslives.8.Whatdothetwophilosophersshareaboutknowledge?A.Thelearningofknowledgeiseasy. B.Thelearningofknowledgeisendless.C.Amanwithoutknowledgeisfoolish. D.Amanshallnotpretendtounderstand.9.WhichofthefollowingreflectsthethoughtsofConfuciusintermsofmorality?A.Nothingismoreimportantthanalegalsystem.B.IamnotaChinese,butacitizenoftheworld.C.Noteveryoneshouldplayhisownroleinsociety.D.Amandoeswhatispropertothepositionheisin.10.WhatistherootcauseofthedifferencesbetweenEasternandWesternculturalvalues?A.Thedifferenceinpoliticalatmosphere. B.Thedifferenceinthelengthofhistory.C.Thedifferenceineconomicdevelopment. D.Thedifferenceinlevelsofsocialdependency.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ReasonsforsimilaritiesofEasternandWesterncultures.B.Theintroductionofgreatfiguresoftwodifferentcultures.C.Comparisonsofthethoughtsofthetwogreatphilosophers.D.Thecontributionsoftwogreatphilosopherstocivilization.【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文本主要在对比东西方两位哲学家思想的不同与共同之处。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Butbothalsoacknowledgethelimitsofknowledge.Socratessaid:“AllIknowisthatIknownothing.”Similarly,Confuciussaid,“Whenyouknowathing,toholdyouknowit;whenyoudon’tknowathing,toallowyoudon’tknowit-thisisknowledge.”(但两者也都承认知识的局限性。苏格拉底说:“我所知道的就是我一无所知。”孔子也说过：“知其事，持其事；当你不知道一件事的时候，允许你不知道它——这就是知识。”)”可知，两个哲学家认为知识的学习是无止境的。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。从第三段的“Everyoneshouldplaytheirroleinasocietywherepeopleareinterdependentinordertoachieveharmonyinthewholesociety.Forinstance,whenaskedhowtogovernacountry,Confuciusstated“Anemperorshouldactlikeanemperor,asubjectshouldactlikeasubject.”(每个人都应该在人与人相互依存的社会中发挥自己的作用，以实现整个社会的和谐。例如，当被问及如何治理一个国家时，孔子说:“皇帝应该像皇帝一样，臣民应该像臣民一样。”)”可知，孔子的思想即“君君臣臣，父父子子”，每个人根据自己所处的位置扮演好自己的角色。D项“Amandoeswhatispropertothepositionheisin.(一个人会做与他所处的地位相称的事。)”合乎题意。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“WhyhaveEastandWestdevelopedsuchdifferentculturalvalues?AwidelyacceptedtheoryholdsthatEasterncivilizationwasanagriculturalcivilization.Hencetheneedforacollectivesocietyandfriendlyrelationswithneighborswasstrong.Westerncivilization,however,wasnomadic(游牧的).Theirmobilitymakesthemlessdependentonsocietyaftermigration.(为什么东西方发展出如此不同的文化价值观?一个广为接受的理论认为东方文明是一种农业文明。因此，建立集体社会和与邻国建立友好关系的必要性非常强烈。然而，西方文明是游牧文明。他们的流动性使他们在移民后对社会的依赖程度降低。)”可知，东西方价值观的差异最本质的原因是社会依赖程度的不同。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“TherearemanydifferencesinwaysofthinkingbetweenEastandWest.Manyofthemarereflectedindailybehaviour.(东西方在思维方式上有许多不同之处。其中许多都反映在日常行为中)”以及文章的最后一段“Inspiteoftheirdifferences,thetwocultureshavemoreincommonthandifferences.ThesharedconcernformoralvaluesintheteachingsofSocratesandConfuciusalsoshowsusmorefundamentalsimilaritiesbetweenEasternandWesternculturesintheirpursuitofvirtuouslives.(尽管存在差异，但这两种文化的共同点多于不同点。苏格拉底和孔子的教义中对道德价值的共同关注也向我们展示了东西方文化在追求美德生活方面的更多基本相似之处。)”以及全文可知，文本主要在对比东西方两位哲学家思想的不同与共同之处。故选C。DYouhaveprobablyeatenahotdog,buthaveyoueverspottedasundog?Thisisn’tyourpetdognappinginthesun!Asundogisaweathereventthatcausestwobrightburstsofrainbowcoloredlighttoappearoneithersideofthesun.Youwouldseethemaround3o’clockand9o’clock.Sundogscanbeverybeautiful,witharedglowclosesttothesunandawhiteinthecenter.Thescientificnameforsundogsisparhelia,whichcomesfromaGreekwordmeaning“besidethesun”.Conditionsneedtobejustrightforsundogstoappear.Sunlightpassesthroughhighcloudsthatspreadoutlikefeathersinfrontofthesun.Thesecloudscontainflat,six-sidedicecrystals(晶体).Ifthecrystaldriftstowardtheground,withthelargerfacefacingtheEarth,lightisrefracted(折射).Thesecrystalsthenseparatethelight,formingasundog.Sundogscanbeseenduringanyseasonbutaremostoftenseenduringthewintermonthswhenthesunislowerinthesky.Youarealsomorelikelytoseethemearlyorlateintheday,whenthesunisnearthehorizon.Sundogshavebeenspottedaroundtheworld,acrossNorthAmerica,Europe,andAsia,attheSouthPoleandinthefarnorth.Scientistshaveevenpredictedwhatsundogsmightlooklikeonotherplanets.Throughouthistory,sundogshavebeenusedtopredictweatherbecausetheyindicatesnoworrainonitsway.Somepeoplebelievedthatsundogswereasignofgoodluck,whileotherssawthemasawarningfromGod.Shakespearedescribedsundogsinpoemsasfrightening.Readytotryoutyourweatherdetectiveskills?First,useyourhandtoblockthecenterofthesuntoprotectyoureyes.Searchforcloudsinawinterskyandacircleorburstoflightaroundthesun.Besuretoshowoffyoursundogsmartstoyourfriendsandfamily—you’llbetheirtopdog!12.Whatcanbeinferredaboutasundogfromthepassage?A.Itleadsthesuntoproducecrystals. B.Itformsunderstrictcircumstances.C.Itcausestheappearanceofrainbow. D.Itseparatesthesunfromhighclouds.13.Whichofthefollowingconditionsismostsuitableforobservingasundog?A.OnesummermiddayinChina. B.OnelatewinternightinAmerica.C.OnewintermorninginEurope. D.OnesummermorningintheArctic.14.WhyisShakespearementionedinthe5thparagraph?AToconvincereadersofthebeautyofsundogs.B.Toillustratethewiderangeoftopicsofhispoems.C.Tohelpreadersunderstandthefunctionofsundogs.D.Toshowimpressionsofsundogsvaryamongviewers.15.Whattonedoesthewriteruseinthelastparagraph?AConfident. B.Encouraging. C.Worried. D.Fearful.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了幻日这种罕见的大气光学现象，包括其形成原理和形成条件等信息。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Conditionsneedtobejustrightforsundogstoappear.Sunlightpassesthroughhighcloudsthatspreadoutlikefeathersinfrontofthesun.Thesecloudscontainflat,six-sidedicecrystals(晶体).Ifthecrystaldriftstowardtheground,withthelargerfacefacingtheEarth,lightisrefracted(折射).Thesecrystalsthenseparatethelight,formingasundog.(幻日出现的条件需要恰到好处。阳光穿过像羽毛一样在太阳前面展开的高云。这些云包含扁平的六面体冰晶。如果晶体向地面漂移，较大的面朝向地球，光就会折射。然后，这些晶体将光分离，形成一个幻日)”可知，幻日只有在阳光、云层、晶体的移动等条件都恰到好处的时候才会出现。由此可知，它的形成条件很严格。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Sundogscanbeseenduringanyseasonbutaremostoftenseenduringthewintermonthswhenthesunislowerinthesky.Youarealsomorelikelytoseethemearlyorlateintheday,whenthesunisnearthehorizon.Sundogshavebeenspottedaroundtheworld,acrossNorthAmerica,Europe,andAsia,attheSouthPoleandinthefarnorth.(在任何季节都可以看到幻日，但最常见的是在太阳位置较低的冬季。当太阳接近地平线时，你也更有可能在一天的早些时候或晚些时候看到它们。在北美、欧洲和亚洲，在南极和遥远的北方，人们在世界各地都能看到幻日)”可知，适宜观测幻日的季节是冬季，时间是一天中的早晨或傍晚，且在世界各地都可以观测到。结合选项可知，欧洲一个冬天的早晨是最有可能观测到幻日的。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Throughouthistory,sundogshavebeenusedtopredictweatherbecausetheyindicatesnoworrainonitsway.Somepeoplebelievedthatsundogswereasignofgoodluck,whileotherssawthemasawarningfromGod.Shakespearedescribedsundogsinpoemsasfrightening.(纵观历史，幻日一直被用来预测天气，因为它们预示着即将下雪或下雨。一些人认为幻日是好运的象征，而另一些人则认为它们是来自上帝的警告。莎士比亚在诗中形容幻日令人恐惧)”可知，本段是从不同观测者的角度描述幻日对他们的用处或意义，包括预测天气的功能，好运或警告的象征意义。由此推知，此处提到莎士比亚认为它令人恐惧，是进一步表明观测者对幻日的印象各不相同。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Readytotryoutyourweatherdetectiveskills?First,useyourhandtoblockthecenterofthesuntoprotectyoureyes.Searchforcloudsinawinterskyandacircleorburstoflightaroundthesun.Besuretoshowoffyoursundogsmartstoyourfriendsandfamily—you’llbetheirtopdog!(准备好试试你的天气侦探技巧了吗？首先，用你的手挡住太阳的中心来保护你的眼睛。在冬天的天空中寻找云，在太阳周围寻找一圈或一束光。一定要向你的朋友和家人展示你的聪明才智——你会成为他们的头儿)”可知，本段中作者在鼓励读者利用文中学到的有关幻日的知识去观测这一现象，向身边的人展示自己的聪明才智。由此可知，作者的整体语调是鼓舞人心的。故选B项。第二节：(共5个小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Itisimportanttolookafteryourbodytohelpyoutostaywellandhealthyforaslongasyoucan.However,adviceaboutcaringforyourbodyisconflictingandoftenconfusing.____16____Manypeopleabandonanyefforttotakecareofthemselvesbecauseit’sjusttoodifficult.____17____Commonsensetellsusthatevendoingabitmoreexerciseorgettingabitmoresleep,andnoteatingthatsecondsliceofcake,arelikelytobehelpful.Theapplicationofalittlescience,andquitealotmorecommonsense,cangoalongwaytowardshelpingyoutoworkoutwhat’sbestforyouandyourbody.WhyshouldyoucareaboutYourBody?Caringforyourbodymakessense.____18____Aroundtheworld,thereisagrowingproblemoflifestyle-relateddiseases.Thesearediseasesthatare,effectively,causedbythewayweliveourlives.Most,ifnotallofthem,areassociatedwithnotlookingafterourbodies.Manyareassociatedwithbeingoverweightandnottakingenoughexercise,orbyputtingthewrongsubstancesintoourbodies.Thesediseasesandconditionsincludeheartconditions,highbloodpressure,manyformsofcanceretc.____19____.However,lookingafteryourbodywillgosomewaytohelpingyoutoliveahealthierlife,forlonger.Therearethreeveryimportantaspectstolookingafteryourbody：gettingenoughrestandsleep,eatingwell,andtakingexercise.____20____Butwithpractice,youwillgetbetteratmakingsurethatyoutakecareofyourbody.A.Itcanbereallyhardtoknowwhatworksthebest.B.Youcannot,ofcourse,avoideveryillnessorcondition.C.Butifyoudothattoooften,therewillbeconsequences.D.However,acloserexaminationsuggeststhatthesituationisnotquitethatsimple.E.Knowingwhattodo,andactuallydoingitare,ofcourse,quitedifferentthings.F.However,justbecauseitispuzzlingdoesnotmeantheeffortisnotworthwhile.G.Afterall,youonlygetonebodyinthislife,andyouwantittolastaslongaspossible.【答案】16.A17.F18.G19.B20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了照顾好自己的身体的重要性以及如何照顾好自己的身体。【16题详解】根据上句“However,adviceaboutcaringforyourbodyisconflictingandoftenconfusing(然而，关于照顾你的身体的建议是相互矛盾的，经常令人困惑)”可知，设空处为相互矛盾和令人困惑的建议导致的结果。A项：Itcanbereallyhardtoknowwhatworksthebest.(很难知道什么是最好的)合乎题意。故选A。【17题详解】根据上文“However,adviceaboutcaringforyourbodyisconflictingandoftenconfusing.(然而，关于照顾你的身体的建议是相互矛盾的，经常令人困惑)”以及后句“Commonsensetellsusthatevendoingabitmoreexerciseorgettingabitmoresleep,andnoteatingthatsecondsliceofcake,arelikelytobehelpful.(常识告诉我们，即使多做一点运动或多睡一点，不吃第二块蛋糕，也可能是有帮助的。)”可知，设空处和上文构成转折关系，并引出下文说明照顾自己的身体做出相应的努力是值得的。F项：However,justbecauseitispuzzlingdoesnotmeantheeffortisnotworthwhile.(然而，仅仅因为它令人费解并不意味着努力不值得)合乎题意。故选F。【18题详解】根据上句“Caringforyourbodymakessense.(照顾好自己的身体是有道理的)”可知，设空处说明照顾好自己的身体的原因。G项：Afterall,youonlygetonebodyinthislife,andyouwantittolastaslongaspossible.(毕竟，你这一生只有一个身体，你希望它持续得越久越好)合乎题意。故选G。【19题详解】根据后句“However,lookingafteryourbodywillgosomewaytohelpingyoutoliveahealthierlife,forlonger.(然而，照顾好你的身体会在某种程度上帮助你过上更健康、更长寿的生活。)”可知，设空处和后句为转折关系，说明照顾好自己的身体虽然不可能避免每一种疾病或状况，但是会让人更加的健康和长寿。B项：Youcannot,ofcourse,avoideveryillnessorcondition.(当然，你不可能避免每一种疾病或状况。)合乎题意。故选B。【20题详解】根据上句“Therearethreeveryimportantaspectstolookingafteryourbody：gettingenoughrestandsleep,eatingwell,andtakingexercise.(照顾好你的身体有三个非常重要的方面:充足的休息和睡眠，吃得好，锻炼身体)”以及后句“Butwithpractice,youwillgetbetteratmakingsurethatyoutakecareofyourbody.(但是通过练习，你会更好地确保你照顾好自己的身体。)”可知，设空处承接上句并和后句构成转折关系，其中“actuallydoingit”和后句的“withpractice”相呼应，E项：Knowingwhattodo,andactuallydoingitare,ofcourse,quitedifferentthings.(当然，知道该做什么和真正去做是两码事。)合乎题意。故选E。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节：完形填空(共15个小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Blakelovedscience.SuperScienceWeekwasgoingtobethebestweekeverbecausehewas____21____anexperimenttohisthirdgradeclassmates.“Formyexperiment,I’mgoingto____22____anegginwater,”Blakeannouncedtohisclass.Hepouredsaltintoaglassofwaterandthendroppedaneggin.Buttheeggdidn’t____23____uprightinthemiddleoftheglass.“Look,Blake’sblushing!”Katescreamedfromthebackrow.Blakelooked____24____toMrs.Watson.Theteacherwipedthetearsfromhisfaceandsaid,“____25____trying!”Thenextmorning,BlakeputonhisMickeyMouseears.Everyonelaughed,andhisface____26____.“Mouseearsareyourscienceexperiment?”Perryasked.“No,blushingis!CharlesDarwincalledblushingthemost____27____ofallexpressions.Otheranimalsdonotblush,”Blakesaid.“Blushingis____28____byanoveractivenervoussystem.”Blakeadded.Hewalkedaroundtheclassroom,givingeachclassmatea____29____lookathisredface.Thenheputupacardshowingbloodvessels(血管).Theclassgatheredaroundto____30____hispainting.“Whenyoufeel____31____,”Blakesaid,“youremotionscauseyoutoblush.There’snowaytocontrolit.It’sa(an)____32____partofbeinghuman,sothebestthingyoucandoisacceptitunlessyou’dratherbea(an)____33____.”Atit,theclassapplauded.Blakewalkedproudlybacktohisseat.Hisredface____34____thewholeclassroom.Sciencewashis____35____!21.A.recommending B.presenting C.designing D.advocating22.A.stand B.put C.drop D.harvest23.A.appear B.hide C.break D.stay24.A.fearlessly B.helplessly C.attentively D.confusedly25.A.Keep B.Stop C.Avoid D.Enjoy26.A.froze B.hurt C.burned D.paled27.A.distant B.nervous C.natural D.human28.A.caused B.controlled C.overwhelmed D.disguised29.A.rougher B.quicker C.closer D.longer30.A.distinguish B.admire C.identify D.evaluate31.A.frustration B.appreciation C.improvement D.embarrassment32.A.unusual B.unique C.normal D.essential33.A.monkey B.egg C.fool D.failure34.A.matchedup B.buriedin C.metwith D.li