军队文职人员招聘英语言文学(习题卷7)

试卷科目：军队文职人员招聘英语言文学军队文职人员招聘英语言文学(习题卷7)PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber/SECTIONPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages军队文职人员招聘英语言文学第1部分：单项选择题，共100题，每题只有一个正确答案,多选或少选均不得分。[单选题]1.Itriedtoconvincehim_____havingdonewronginthematter.A)forB)ofC)aboutD)on答案:B解析:convincesb.ofdoingsth.说服某人，使某人相信。[单选题]2.The?firstAmericans?are()A)theAboriginesB)theMaoriC)theIndiansD)theEskimos答案:C解析:考查美国历史。印第安人(Indians)是对除因纽特人外的所有美洲土著的统称，并非一个民族或种族。印第安人分布在当今美洲各国。美国的土著居民是印第安人。theAborigines意思是?土著居民?，不属于任何群体；B项毛利人(Maori)是新西兰的土著，于公元十三世纪从东部属波利尼西亚的岛屿抵达新西兰；D项爱斯基摩人(Eskimo)生活在北极地区，又称因纽特人，分布在从西伯利亚、阿拉斯加到格陵兰的北极圈内外，分别居住在格陵兰、美国、加拿大和俄罗斯。[单选题]3.Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbegintomakemoraldiscriminationsaboutharmfulactionscommittedagainstthemselvesorothershasbeenthefocusofrecentresearchintothemoraldevelopmentofchildren.Untilrecently,childpsychologistssupportedpioneerdevelopmentalistJeanPiagetinhishypothesisthatbecauseoftheirimmaturity,childrenunderagesevendonottakeintoaccounttheintentionsofapersoncommittingaccidentalordeliberateharm,butrathersimplyassignpunishmentfortransgressionsonthebasisofthemagnitudeofthenegativeconsequencescaused.AccordingtoPiaget,childrenunderagesevenoccupythefirststageofmoraldevelopment,whichischaracterizedbymoralabsolutism(rulesmadebyauthoritiesmustbeobeyed)andimminentjustice(ifrulesarebroken,punishmentwillbemetedout).Untilyoungchildrenmature,theirmoraljudgmentsarebasedentirelyontheeffectratherthanthecauseofatransgression.However,inrecentresearch,Keaseyfoundthatsix-year-oldchildrennotonlydistinguishbetweenaccidentalandintentionalharm,butalsojudgeintentionalharmasnaughtier,regardlessoftheamountofdamageproduced.Bothofthesefindingsseemtoindicatethatchildren,atanearlieragethanPiagetclaimed,advanceintothesecondstageofmoraldevelopment,moralautonomy,inwhichtheyacceptsocialrulesbutviewthemasmorearbitrarythandochildreninthefirststage.Keasey?sresearchraisestwokeyquestionsfordevelopmentalpsychologistsaboutchildrenunderageseven:dotheyrecognizejustificationsforharmfulactions,anddotheymakedistinctionsbetweenharmfulactsthatarepreventableandthoseactsthathaveunforeseenharmfulconsequences?Studiesindicatethatjustificationsexcusingharmfulactionsmightinclude?public?duty,self-defense,andprovocation.Forexample,NesdaleandRuleconcludedthatchildrenwerecapableofconsideringwhetherornotanaggressor?sactionwasjustifiedbypublicduty:fiveyearoldsreactedverydifferentlyto?BonniewrecksArm?spretendhouse?dependingonwhetherBonniedidit?sosomebodywon?tfalloverit?orbecauseBonniewanted?tomakeAnnfeelbad?.Thus,achildoffivebeginstounderstandthatcertainharmfulactions,thoughintentional,canbejustified;theconstraintsofmoralabsolutismnolongersolelyguidetheirjudgments.Psychologistshavedeterminedthatduringkindergartenchildrenlearntomakesubtledistinctionsinvolvingharm.Darleyobservedthatamong-actsinvolvingunintentionalharm,six-year-oldchildrenjustenteringkindergartencouldnotdifferentiatebetweenforeseeable,andthuspreventable,harmandunforeseeableharmforwhichtheperpetratorcannotbeblamed.Sevenmonthslater,however,Darleyfoundthatthesesamechildrencouldmakebothdistinctions,thusdemonstratingthattheyhadbecomemorallyautonomous.Itcanbeinferredthattheterm?public?duty?(pra.2),inthecontextofthepassage,meanswhichofthefollowing?A)ThenecessitytoapprehendperpetratorsB)TheresponsibilitytopunishtransgressorsC)AnobligationtopreventharmtoanotherD)Theassignmentofpunishmentforharmfulaction答案:C解析:由下文可知，?publicduty?意指保护他人不受伤害的责任。[单选题]4.Hisanxietyandworry_____himtorushintotheroomandinterruptourtalk.A)shovedB)saddenedC)promptedD)ridiculed答案:C解析:prompt敦促，促使。shove推，猛推，强使。sadden使伤心。ridicule嘲笑，奚落。[单选题]5.Chinaisanagriculturalcountry，thereforeagricultureisinevitably()innationaleconomy.A)inevitableB)fundamentalC)radicalD)basic答案:B解析:考查形容词辨析。中国是一个农业国家，因此农业必然是国民经济的基础。[单选题]6.TheepochofRenaissancewitnessedaparticulardevelopmentofEnglish_____.A)dramaticmonologueB)dramaC)blankverseD)poetry答案:B解析:文艺复兴时期，戏剧得到了繁荣发展。[单选题]7.Gotmilk?Ifyoudo,takeamomenttoponderthetrueoddnessofbeingabletodrinkmilkafteryou?reababy.Nootherspeciesbuthumanscan.Andmosthumanscan?teither.Thelonglistsoffoodallergiessomepeopleclaimtohavecanmakeitseemasifthey?rejustfinickyeaterstryingtorationalizelikesanddislikes.Notso.Eggs,peanuts,treenuts,fish,shellfishsoyandglutenallcanwreakhavocontheimmunesystemofallergicindividuals,evencausingadeadlyreactioncalledanaphylaxis.Butthoseallergicreactionsarerelativelyrare,affectinganestimated4%ofadults.Milk?sdifferent.Therearepeoplewhohavetruemilkallergiesthatcancausedeadlyreactions.Butmostpeoplewhohavebadreactionstomilkaren?tactuallyallergictoit,inthatit?snottheirimmunesystemthat?srespondingtothemilk.Instead,peoplewhoarelactoseintolerantcan?tdigestthemainsugar-lactose-foundinmilk.Innormalhumans,theenzymethatdoesso-lactase-stopsbeingproducedwhenthepersonisbetweentwoandfiveyearsold.Theundigestedsugarsendupinthecolon,wheretheybegintoferment,producinggasthatcancausecramping,bloating,nausea,flatulenceanddiarrhea.Ifyou?reAmericanorEuropeanit?shardtorealizethis,butbeingabletodigestmilkasanadultisoneweirdgeneticadaptation.It?snotnormal.Somewhatlessthan40%ofpeopleintheworldretaintheabilitytodigestlactoseafterchildhood.Thenumbersareoftengivenascloseto0%ofNativeAmericans,5%ofAsians,25%ofAfricanandCaribbeanpeoples,50%ofMediterraneanpeoplesand90%ofnorthernEuropeans.Swedenhasoneoftheworld?shighestpercentagesoflactasetolerantpeople.Beingabletodigestmilkissostrangethatscientistssayweshouldn?treallycalllactoseintoleranceadisease,becausethatpresumesit?sabnormal,instead,theycallitlactasepersistence,indicatingwhat?sreallyweirdistheabilitytocontinuetodrinkmilk.There?sbeenalotofresearchoverthepastdecadelookingatthegeneticmutationthatallowsthissubsetofhumanitytostaymilkdrinkersintoadulthood.Along-heldtheorywasthatthemutationshowedupfirstinNorthernEurope,wherepeoplegotlessvitaminDfromthesunandthereforedidbetteriftheycouldalsogetthecrucialhormone(it?snotreallyavitaminatall)frommilk.ButnowagroupatUniversityCollegeLondonhasshownthatthemutationactuallyappearedabout7,500yearsagoindairyfarmerswholivedinaregionbetweenthecentralBalkansandcentralEurope,inwhatwasknownastheFunnelBeakerculture.ThepaperwaspublishedthisweekinPLOSComputationalBiology.Theresearchersusedacomputertomodelthespreadoflactasepersistence,dairyfarming,otherfoodgatheringpracticesandgenesinEurope.Today,thehighestproportionofpeoplewithlactasepersistenceliveinNorthwestEurope,especiallytheNetherlands,IrelandandScandinavia.ButthecomputermodelsuggeststhatdairyfarmerscarryingthisgenevariantprobablyoriginatedincentralEuropeandthenspreadmorewidelyandrapidlythannon-dairyinggroups.AuthorMarkThomasofUniversityCollegeLondon?sdeptofGenetics,EvolutionandEnvironmentsays,?InEurope,asinglegeneticchange...isstronglyassociatedwithlactasepersistenceandappearstohavepeoplewithitabigsurvivaladvantage.?TheEuropeanmutationisdifferentfromseverallactasepersistencegenesassociatedwithsmallpopulationsofAfricanpeopleswhohistoricallyhavebeencattleherders.ResearchersattheUniversityofMarylandidentifiedonesuchmutationamongNilo-Saharan-speakingpeoplesinKenyaandTanzania.Thatmutationseemstohavearisenbetween2,700to6,800yearsago.TwoothermutationshavebeenfoundamongtheBejapeopleofnortheasternSudanandtribesofthesamelanguagefamilyinnorthernKenya.AccordingtoMarkThomas,wecaninferthat_____.A)inEurope,peoplewithlongevitymustnotbelactasepersistence.B)ageneticmutationonlactasepersistencechangedpeople?slife.C)theEuropeanpeoplebenefitfromgeneticchange.D)theEuropeanshavesuperiorsurvivaladvantagetootherhumanraces.答案:C解析:?InEurope,asinglegeneticchange...withitabigsurvivaladvantage.?意思是?在欧洲，单一的基因改变与乳糖耐受性联系密切，而且使人们拥有更大的生存优势。?A项太绝对，B项不符合原文意思。D项以偏概全，文中并没有说欧洲人比其他所有人种都具有生存优势。[单选题]8.Thephrase?boysandgirls?isa(n)()A)subordinateendocentricconstructionB)coordinateendocentricconstructionC)subordinateexocentricconstructionD)coordinateexocentricconstruction答案:B解析:考查语义知识。Coordination(并列关系)referstoacommonsyntacticpattemformedbygroupingtogethertwoormorecategoriesofthesametypewiththehelpofaconjunction.Endocentricconstruction(向心结构)isonewhosedistributionisfunctionallyequivalent，orapproachingequivalence，tooneofitsconstituents.[单选题]9.?Aslowstudentusuallyneedsa_____athome,?saidasociologistintheneighborhood.A)tutorB)laymanC)debtorD)supervisor答案:A解析:tutor家庭教师，导师。layman俗人，外行。debtor债务人，债主。supervisor舍监，导师。[单选题]10.JohnisreadinganinterestingbookonevolutiontheorywhichwaswrittenbyCharlesDarwin，whowasaBritishnaturalistwhodevelopedatheoryofevolutionbasedonnaturalselection.Whatdesignfeatureoflanguageisreflectedintheexample？()A)CreativityB)ArbitrarinessC)DisplacementD)Duality答案:A解析:考查语言的识别性特征。语言使用者能够以有限的语言规则为基础说出和理解无限的句子，属于语言的?创造性?特征。[单选题]11.PerhapsthemostsignificantpostwartrendwasthedecentralizationofcitiesthroughouttheUnitedStates，()whenmassivehighway-buildingprogramspermittedgreatersuburbangrowth.A)andacceleratedaphenomenonB)aphenomenonthatacceleratedC)acceleratingaphenomenonwhichD)theaccelerationofwhichphenomenon答案:B解析:考查同位语结构。aphenomenon是thedecentralizationofcitiesthroughouttheUnitedStates的同位语。A项中and为连词，后面应该连接一个完整的句子，但缺主语，故错误。C项语序混乱，which后不能接when引导的时间状语从句。D项中ofwhich作介词宾语，后面应该接一个完整的句子，但只有phenomenon一个主语，句子不完整，因此错误。故本题选B。句意：可能战后最重大的趋势就是美国城市的分散化，当大规模高速公路建设项目促进了郊区的发展时，这种现象就更明显了。[单选题]12.Whenthetelevisionisgood,nothing-notthetheater,notthemagazines,ornewspapers-nothingisbetter.Butwhentelevisionisbad,nothingisworse.Iinviteyoutositdowninfrontofyourtelevisionsetwhenyourstationgoesontheairandstaytherewithoutabook,magazine,newspaper,oranythingelsetodistractyouandkeepyoureyesgluedtothatsetuntilthestationsignsoff.Icanassureyouthatyouwillobserveavastwasteland.Youwillseeaprocessionofgameshows,violence,audience-participationshows,formulacomediesabouttotallyunbelievablefamilies,bloodandthunder,Mayhem,moreviolence,sadism,murder,Westernbadmen,Westerngoodmen,privateeyes,Gangsters,stillmoreviolence,andcartoons.Andendlessly,commercialsthatstreamandcajoleandoffend.Andmostofall,boredom.True,youwillseeafewthingsyouwillenjoy.Buttheywillbevery,veryfew.AndifyouthinkIexaggerate,tryit.Istherenoroomontelevisiontoteach,toinform,touplift,tostretch,toenlargethecapacitiesofourchildren?Istherenoroomforprogramstodeepenthechildren?sunderstandingofchildreninotherlands?Istherenoroomforachildren?snewsshowexplainingsomethingabouttheworldforthemattheirlevelofunderstanding?Istherenoroomforreadingthegreatliteratureofthepast,teachingthemthegreattraditionsoffreedom?Therearesomefinechildren?sshows,buttheyaredrownedoutinthemassivedosesofcartoons,violence,andmoreviolence.Mustthesebeyourtrademarks?Searchyourconscienceandseewhetheryoucannotoffermoretoyouryoungbeneficiarieswhosefutureyouguardsomanyhourseachandeveryday.Therearemanypeopleinthisgreatcountry,andyoumustserveallofus.Youwillgetnoargumentfrommeifyousaythat,givenachoicebetweenaWesternandasymphony,morepeoplewillwatchtheWestern.IlikeWesternsandprivateeyes,too-butasteadydietforthewholecountryisobviouslynotinthepublicinterest.Weallknowthatpeoplewouldmoreoftenprefertobeentertainedthanstimulatedorinformed.Butyourobligationsarenotsatisfiedifyoulookonlytopopularityasatestofwhattobroadcast.Yonarenotonlyinshowbusiness:youarefreetocommunicateideasaswellastogiverelaxation.Youmustprovideawiderangeofchoices,morediversity,morealternatives.Itisnotenoughtocatertothenation?swhims-youmustalsoservethenation?sneeds.Thepeopleowntheair.Theyownitasmuchinprimeeveningtimeastheydoatsixo?clockinthemorning.Foreveryhourthatthepeoplegiveyou--youownthemsomething.Iintendtoseethatyourdebtispaidwithservice.Theauthor?sattitudetowardtelevisioncanbestbedescribedas_____.A)sullennessatdefeatB)reconciliationwiththebroadcastersC)righteousindignationD)determinationtoprevail答案:C解析:从第一段作者对电视节目的描述?wasteland?，第二段作者对其进行的一系列置疑?Istherenoroom…?，以及第三段，作者列举的电视节目的职责和义务等，可判断作者对目前的电视节目感到愤慨。选项C正确。[单选题]13.MillionsofAmericansoldiersfought_____intheWorldWarII.A)externallyB)aboardC)broadlyD)overseas答案:D解析:overseas在海外。externally外表上。aboard在船上。broadly宽阔地。[单选题]14.Thewordwhichbestdescribesthetoneofthepoem?WhenWeTwoParted?is_____.A)sentimentalB)ironicC)paradoxicalD)realistic答案:A解析:《当我们俩分手时》是一首由乔治·戈登·拜伦创作的诗歌，这首诗主要回忆了作者与爱人分别的情景和感受以及后来的心情。故选A。[单选题]15.Accordingto()，wecouldonlysay?Theboykickedtheball.?insteadof?Boytheballkickedthe.?A)syntagmaticrelationB)paradigmaticrelationC)endocentricconstructionD)exocentricconstruction答案:A解析:语言学概念的实例分析。该题属于句法学的范畴。单词在句中的位置不可随意调换，这是由句法学结构主义学派提出的Syntagmaticrelation(组合关系)规定的。[单选题]16.Peterisoneofthemajorcharactersin_____.A)LordoftheFliesB)WaitingforGodotC)LycidasD)ThePilgrim?sProgress答案:C解析:Peter是约翰·弥尔顿的作品Lycidas中的主人公。故选C。[单选题]17.Scientistsseemingtocureandpreventinsulin-dependentdiabeteshavediscoveredwhatgoeswronginthebodiesofaspecialbreedofmicepronetotheafflictionand,usingthatknowledge,havedevelopedawaytopreventthediseaseintheRoberts.Becausemousediabetesisalmostidenticaltohumantype1diabetes(alsocalledinsulin-dependentorjuvenile-onsetdiabetes)，theresearcherssaytheymaybereadytotesttheirtechniquesonhumansinfiveyearsandthatatreatmentforpatientsintheearlystagesofthediseasecouldbereadytotestintwoyears.Infindings-publishedinlastweek?sissueofNature-wereobtainedbytworesearchgroupsworkingindependently.OnewasledbyDanielL.Kaufaman,amolecularbiologistattheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles,andtheotherbyHughO.McdevitofStanfordUniversity.?There?sgreatexcitementattheprospectsforthisresearch?saidJamesGavin,adiabetesspecialistandpresidentoftheAmericanDiabetesAssociation.?Thesearestudiesyouhavetocallconvincing.Theyareclearlylikelytohavehumanapplications.?Type1diabeteshaslongbeenknowntobeanautoimmunedisease-anailmentinwhichtheimmunesystem,insteadofdefendingthebodyagainstinvadingmicrobes,mistakenlyattackspartofthebody.Indiabetes,itkillsthespecialcellsinthepancreasthatmakeinsulin.Withoutinsulin,cellscannottakeinsugar.Thebodyisdeprivedofsugarenergyanditsaccumulationinthebloodstreamdamagesnervesandotherissues.Thepotentialnewtreatmentswouldeitherstoptheimmunesystemfrommakingamistakeorsuppressanexistingerroneousresponse.Scientistsfindthatitispossibletocurediabetesbymeansof_____.A)operationonpancreasB)stoppingtheaccumulationofbloodcellsC)accumulationsugarenergyD)preventingtheimmunesystemfrommakingmistakes答案:D解析:最后一段最后一句提到了这种治疗的新方法?hepotentialnewtreatmentswouldeitherstoptheimmunesystemfrommakingamistakeorsuppressanexistingerroneousresponse.?，或者组织免疫系统出错，或者压制现存的错误反应。故选D。[单选题]18.Afewpeopledokeepsnakes,whichare_____disgusted,astheirpets.A)individuallyB)drasticallyC)particularlyD)universally答案:D解析:universally普遍地。individually个人地。drastically激烈地。particularly尤其。[单选题]19.Theresultsofthatcompanyare_____stockmarketexpectations.A)outoflineB)inlineC)inlinewithD)inlinefor答案:C解析:inlinewith与……一致，符合。outofline没排齐，不守秩序。inline成一直线，有秩序。inlinefor即将得到。[单选题]20.TheanthemofCanadais()A)CanadaTheBeautifulB)OCanadaC)GodDefendCanadaD)AdvanceCanadaFair答案:B解析:考查加拿大的国家象征。加拿大国歌是OCanada。[单选题]21.Lifeismorelikeabaseball_____,whereeventhebestteamlosesonethirdofitsgamesandeventheworstteamhasitsdaysofbrilliance.A)seasonB)timeC)periodD)year答案:A解析:句意：人生更像是一个棒球赛季，即使最好的球队也会输掉三分之一的比赛，而最差的球队也有春风得意的日子。season时期，活跃季节。time时间。period一段时间。year年。[单选题]22.Ijustwonder()thatmakeshimsoexcited.A)whyitdoesB)whathedoesC)howitisD)whatitis答案:D解析:考查强调句型。本题题干相当于Ijustwonderwhatmakeshimsoexcited.的意义，所以该题实际上为强调句型的特殊疑问句式。what为宾语从句的连接词，且在从句中作主语。故本题选D。句意：我想知道什么使他如此兴奋。[单选题]23.BloomfieldintroducedtheICanalysis，whosefullnameis()Analysis.A)InternalComponentB)InnateCapacityC)InternalConstituentD)ImmediateConstituents答案:D解析:考查语义知识。IC的完整名字是Immediateconstituents，意为?直接成分分析法?，最先由Bloomfield在《语言论》中提出。[单选题]24.ThemoleculesofcarbondioxideintheEarth?satmosphereaffecttheheatbalanceoftheEarthbyactingasaone-wayscreen.Althoughthesemoleculesallowradiationatvisiblewavelengths,wheremostoftheenergyofsunlightisconcentrated,topassthrough,theyabsorbsomeofthelonger-wavelength,infraredemissionsradiatedfromtheEarth?ssurface,radiationthatwouldotherwisebetransmittedbackintospace.FortheEarthtomaintainaconstantaveragetemperature,suchemissionsfromtheplanetmustbalanceincomingsolarradiation.Iftherewerenocarbondioxideintheatmosphere,heatwouldescapefromtheEarthmuchmoreeasily.Thesurfacetemperaturewouldbesomuchlowerthattheoceansmightbeasolidmassofice.Today,however,thepotentialproblemistoomuchcarbondioxide.Theburningoffossilfuelsandtheclearingofforestshaveincreasedatmosphericcarbondioxidebyabout15percentinthelasthundredyears,andwecontinuetoaddcarbondioxidetotheatmosphere.Couldtheincreaseincarbondioxidecauseaglobalriseinaveragetemperature,andcouldsucharisehaveseriousconsequencesforhumansociety?Mathematicalmodelsthatallowustocalculatetheriseintemperatureasafunctionoftheincreaseindicatethattheanswerisprobablyyes.Underpresentconditionsatemperatureof-18℃canbeobservedatanaltitudeof5to6kilometersabovetheEarth.Belowthisaltitude(calledtheradiatinglevel),thetemperatureincreasesbyabout6℃perkilometerapproachingtheEarth?ssurface,wheretheaveragetemperatureisabout15℃.Anincreaseintheamountofcarbondioxidemeansthattherearemoremoleculesofcarbondioxidetoabsorbinfraredradiation.Asthecapacityoftheatmospheretoabsorbinfraredradiationincreases,theradiatinglevelandthetemperatureofthesurfacemustrise.Onemathematicalmodelpredictsthatdoublingtheatmosphericcarbondioxidewouldraisetheglobalmeansurfacetemperatureby2.5℃:Thismodelassumesthattheatmosphere?srelativehumidityremainsconstantandthetemperaturedecreaseswithaltitudeatarateof6.5℃perkilometer.Theassumptionofconstantrelativehumidityisimportant,becausewatervaporintheatmosphereisanotherefficientabsorberofradiationatinfraredwavelengths.Becausewarmaircanholdmoremoisturethancoolair,therelativehumiditywillbeconstantonlyiftheamountofwatervaporintheatmosphereincreasesasthetemperaturerises.Therefore,moreinfraredradiationwouldbeabsorbedandreradiatedbacktotheEarth?ssurface.Theresultantwarmingatthesurfacecouldbeexpectedtomeltsnowandice,reducingtheEarth?sreflectivity.Moresolarradiationwouldthenbeabsorbed,leadingtoafurtherincreaseintemperature.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrueofthelasthundredyears?A)Fossilfuelswereburnedforthefirsttime.B)Greateramountsoflandwereclearedthanatanytimebefore.C)TheaveragetemperatureattheEarth?ssurfacehasbecome2℃cooler.D)Theamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherehasincreasedmeasurably.答案:D解析:文中第二段第二句表明，过去100年间，矿物燃料的燃烧和森林的砍伐使大气中二氧化碳的含量增加了大约15%，而且我们不断地向大气中排放二氧化碳，由此可以推断，A、B两项表述均不准确；由于大气中的二氧化碳在不断增加，因此地表温度只会升高，而不是降低，C项错误；因此只有D项符合文章大意。[单选题]25.Heisnottoblamebecausehewas_____ofthenewruleswhichwerepassedduringhisabsence.A)ignorantB)consciousC)ashamedD)cautious答案:A解析:ignorant不知道的；无知的，愚昧的。conscious有意识的，神志清醒的。ashamed惭愧的，害臊的。cautious小心的，谨慎的。[单选题]26._____herpeninink,whensheheardthetrampingoflittlefeetalongthehall,andthenapoundingatherdoor.A)NosoonerhasshedippedB)ScarcelyhadshedippedC)AssoonasshehaddippedD)Hardlyshehasdipped答案:B解析:句意：当她听到大厅外的脚步声和急促的敲门声的时候，她还没有用笔去蘸墨水。nosooner，scarcely，hardly等放在句首时要用倒装语序，根据题意，B选项符合。nosooner应与than搭配使用，所以A项错误。D项has应放在she之前。[单选题]27.It?snothingnewthatEnglishuseisontherisearoundtheworld,especiallyinbusinesscircles.ThisalsohappensinFrance,theheadquartersoftheglobalbattleagainstAmericanculturalhegemony.IfFrenchguysaregivingintoEnglish,somethingreallybigmustbegoingon.Andsomethingbigisgoingon.Partly,it?sthatAmericanhegemony.DidierBenchimol,CEOofaFrenche-commercesoftwarecompany,feelscompelledtospeakEnglishperfectlybecausetheInternetsoftwarebusinessisdominatedbyAmericans.HeandotherFrenchbusinessmenalsohavetospeak,EnglishbecausetheywanttogettheirmessageouttoAmericaninvestors,possessorsoftheworld?sdeepestpockets.ThetriumphofEnglishinFranceandelsewhereinEurope,however,mayrestonsomethingmoreenduring.Astheybecomeentwinedwitheachotherpoliticallyandeconomically,Europeansneedawaytotalktooneanotherandtotherestoftheworld.Andforanumberofreasons,they?vedecideduponEnglishastheircommontongue.SowhenGermanchemicalandpharmaceuticalcompanyHoechstmergedwithFrenchcompetitorRhone-Poulenclastyear,thecompanieschosethevaguelyLatinateAventisasthenewcompanyname-andsettledonEnglishasthecompany?scommonlanguage.WhenmonetarypolicymakersfromaroundEuropebeganmeetingattheEuropeanCentralBankinFrankfurtlastyeartosetinterestratesforthenewEuroland,theyheldtheirdeliberationsinEnglish.EventheEuropeanCommission,with11officiallanguagesandatraditionallyFrench-spiritingbureaucracy,effectivelyswitchedovertoEnglishasitsworkinglanguagelastyear.Howdidthishappen?OneschoolattributesEnglish?sgreatsuccesstothesheerweightofitsmerit.It?saGermaniclanguage,broughttoBritainaroundthefifthcenturyA.D.DuringthefourcenturiesofFrench-speakingrulethatfollowedNormanConquestof1066,thelanguagemorphedintosomethingelseentirely.Frenchwordswereaddedwholesale,andmostofthecomplicationsofGermanicgrammarwereshedwhilefewofthecomplicationsofFrenchwereadded.Theresultisalanguagewithahugevocabularyandasimplegrammarthatcanexpressmostthingsmoreefficientlythaneitherofitsparents.What?smore,Englishhasremainedungovernedandopentochange-foreignwords,coinages,andgrammaticalshifts-inawaythatFrench,ruledbythepuristAcadémieFrancaise,hasnot.Soit?saswelllanguage,especiallyforbusiness.ButtheriseofEnglishoverthepastfewcenturiesclearlyowesatleastasmuchtohistoryandeconomiesastothelanguage?sabilitytoeconomicallyexpresstheconceptwin-win.Whathappenedisthatthecompetition-firstLatin,thenFrench,then,briefly,German-fadedwiththewaningofthepolitical,economic,andmilitaryfortunesof,respectively,theCatholicChurch,France,andGermany.Allalong,Englishwasincreasinginimportance:BritainwasthebirthplaceoftheIndustrialRevolution,andLondontheworld?smostimportantfinancialcenter,whichmadeEnglishakeylanguageforbusiness.England?scoloniesaroundtheworldalsomadeitthelanguagewiththemostglobalreach.AndasthatformercolonytheU.S.rosetothestatusoftheworld?spreeminentpolitical,economic,military,andculturalpower,Englishbecametheobvioussecondlanguagetolearn.Inthe1990smoreandmoreEuropeansfoundthemselvesforcedtouseEnglish.Thelastgenerationofbusinessandgovernmentleaderswhohadn?tstudiedEnglishinschoolwasleavingthestage.TheEuropeanCommunitywasaddingnewmembersandevolvingfromapaper-shufflingclubintoaseriousregionalgovernmentthatwouldneedasinglecommonlanguageifitwereevertogetanythingdone.Meanwhile,economicbarriersbetweenEuropeannationshavebeendisappearing,meaningthatmoreandmorecompaniesarebeginningtolookatthewholecontinentastheirdomesticmarket.AndthentheInternetcamealong.TheNethadtwobigimpacts.Onewasthatitwasanexciting,potentiallylucrativenewindustrythathaditsrootsintheU.S.,soifyouwantedtogetinonit,youhadtospeaksomeEnglish.TheotherwasthatbysurfingtheWeb,EuropeanswhohadpreviouslyencounteredEnglishonlyinschoolandinpopsongswerenowcomingintocontactwithitdaily.NoneofthismeansEnglishhastakenoverEuropeanlife.AccordingtotheEuropeanUnion,47%ofWesternEuropeans(includingtheBritishandIrish)speakEnglishwellenoughtocarryonaconversation.That?salotmorethanthosewhocanspeakGerman(32%)orFrench(28%),butitstillmeansmoreEuropeansdon?tspeakthelanguage.Ifyouwanttosellshampooorcellphones,youhavetodoitinFrenchorGermanorSpanishorGreek.EventheU.S.andBritishmediacompaniesthatstandtobenefitmostfromthespreadofEnglishhavebeenhedgingtheirbets-CNNbroadcastsinSpanish;the?FinancialTimes?hasrecentlylaunchedadailyGerman-languageedition.ButjustlookatwhospeaksEnglish:77%ofWesternEuropeancollegestudent,69%ofmanagers,and65%ofthoseaged15to24.InthesecondaryschoolsoftheEuropeanUnion?snon-English-speakingcountries,91%ofstudentsstudyEnglish,allofwhichmeansthatthetransitiontoEnglishasthelanguageofEuropeanbusinesshasn?tbeenallthattraumatic,andit?sonlygoingtogeteasierinthefuture.WhichofthefollowingstatementsforecaststhecontinuousriseofEnglishinthefuture?A)Abouthalf