你的午餐“污染地球”吗？等2则外刊阅读训练-2023届高三英语二轮复习

外刊精读

你的午餐“污染地球"吗？

导读：

现代人从餐厅或外卖店购买午餐已经是家常便饭了，但这种习惯可能

正在对地球造成破坏，因为购买外卖食品会产生很多食品包装垃圾。那么

如何减少由于买外带食品而带来的垃圾呢？本期《外刊精读》介绍一些商

家为了鼓励减少一次性餐具的使用而向顾客推出的促销活动。

一、语篇泛读

Alunchbreak-it'sanimportantandoftennecessarypartofour

workingorschoolday.It'sachancetostopyourtummyrumbling,graba

bitetoeatandmaybechatwithsomefriends.Andnowwe'respoiltwithan

arrayofplacestobuyourlunchfrom,allofferingtemptingdishesand

humblesandwichestoeatonthego.

Butourappetiteforbuyingourlunchtimefareisnotjustcostingus

money,theremightbeacostintermsofdamagingourplanettoo.Just

grabbingasandwich,crispsandmaybeacakeandcoffeecanproduceat

leastfouritemsofwaste.Cartons,cups,wrappersandplasticcutleryareall

partofourdisposablefeastinadditiontothefoodwastewecreate.Some

expertssaythrowingawayfood,whichproducesmethaneasitrots,isa

biggercauseofclimatechangethanplastics.

Butregardlessofwhatcausesthemostdamage,thesolution,according

toanenvironmentalcampaigngroupcalledHubbub,istoeatpackedlunches

TessaTricksfromthegroupsays"Peoplearesayingthattheyarebuying

foodtotakeoutbecauselifehasgotbusier."Andshesayspeoplethinkthey

arebeingmoreefficient;butshearguesthatit'susuallyhealthierand

cheapertomakeyourownlunch.Itmeansyoucaneatthethingsyoureally

wantandmakethequantitythatyouactuallyneed.

Ofcourse,preparingyourlunchisanotherthingtofitintoyourmorning

scrambleofgettingreadyforwork,soifyouhaven'tgottimeandyouare

goingtobuylunch,analternativeHubbubsuggestsistotakeyour

owncontainertoashopandaskthemtoputyourfoodinit.Theideaof

usingreusablecoffeecupsforhotdrinksandrefillingwaterbottleshas

alreadyprovedsuccessful,sothiscouldbeanotherstepintheright

direction.AtrialinEastAnglia（intheUK）showedthatofferinga10%price

reductiondidpersuadesomecustomerstocomepreparedwiththeir

ownlunchbox.

Theproblemwitheatingonthemoveisthatyoumightwanttocarry

yourgrubinsomethingthatisdisposable,soit'sagoodideatomakesure

it'ssomethingthatisrecyclableandnottotakeextrasachetsofsauce

orutensilsthatyou'renotgoingtouse.Themessageseemstobethatifwe

giveourlunchtimeeatinghabitssomethought,wecanalldoourbitin

helpingreduceclimatechangeanddamagetoourenvironment.Thatis

somethingforallofustochewon!

二、词汇表

lunchbreak午餐休息

grababitetoeat吃点儿东西

dish（一道）菜

sandwich三明治

onthego外带，在路上吃

appetite食欲，胃口

fare（由指饭馆里的）饭菜

carton硬纸盒，塑料盒

wrapper包装纸,包装材料

cutlery餐具（刀、叉、匙等）

disposable一次性的

feast（讽刺的）“盛宴”

packedlunch（自带）盒装午餐

container（餐）盒，容器

reusable可重复使用的

lunchbox饭盒

grub食物

sachet（仅够用一次的）小包，小袋

utensil厨房用具

chewon仔细考虑，好好想想

三、测试与练习

阅读课文并回答问题。

1.Howmanyitemsofwastecanbuyingourlunchsometimescreate?

2.Whatreasonshavesomepeoplegivenforhavingtobuytakeaway

foodforlunch?

3.WhatdoesHubbubsuggesttakingwhenbuyingyourfoodforlunch?

4.Trueorfalse?InatrialinEastAnglia,morecustomersbroughttheir

ownlunchboxeswhentheygotareductiononthequantityoffoodthey

bought.

5.Whatphraseisusedinthearticletomean"actionthatgetscloserto

asuccessfulresult??

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填

入句子的空格处。

1.I'mgoingtobelateformynextmeetingsoI'llgrab

something.

goontheongo

onthegoonago

2.OnholidayinFrancewefoundagreatrestaurantservingtraditional

feastsfare

appetitesachets

3.Thechildrenmadearealmessaftertheparty:Therewere

sweeteverywhere!

wrappersdishes

cutlerygrub

4.I'mwhichsubjecttostudyatuniversity-itdependsonwhat

willleadtoabetterjob.

chewingatchewingon

chewingupchewon

5.ItookacamerawithmewhenIwentsnorkelling.Ididn't

wanttoriskgettingmyexpensivedigitalcamerawet!

utensilsreusable

containerdisposable

参考答案

阅读课文井回答问题。

1.Howmanyitemsofwastecanbuyingourlunchsometimescreate?

Justgrabbingasandwich,crispsandmaybeacakeandcoffeecanproduce

atleastfouritemsofwaste.

2.Whatreasonshavesomepeoplegivenforhavingtobuytakeaway

foodforlunch?

AccordingtoHubbub,somepeoplesaytheirliveshavegotbusierand

buyingfoodto-goismoreefficient.

3.WhatdoesHubbubsuggesttakingwhenbuyingyourfoodforlunch?

Hubbubsuggeststakingyourowncontainertoashopandaskingthemto

putyourfoodinit.

4.Trueorfalse?InatrialinEastAnglia,morecustomersbroughttheir

ownlunchboxeswhentheygotareductiononthequantityoffoodthey

bought.

False.InatrialinEastAnglia,a10%pricereductionpersuadedsome

customerstocomepreparedwiththeirownlunchbox.

5.Whatphraseisusedinthearticletomean'actionthatgetscloserto

asuccessfulresult7?

Thephraseis'astepintherightdirection"."Theideaofusingreusable

coffeecupsforhotdrinksandrefillingwaterbottleshasalreadyproved

successfulsothiscouldbeanotherstepintherightdirection.H

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填

入句子的空格处。

1.I'mgoingtobelateformynextmeetingsoI'llgrabsomethingonthe

go.

2.OnholidayinFrancewefoundagreatrestaurantserving

traditionalfare.

3.Thechildrenmadearealmessaftertheparty:Therewere

sweetwrapperseverywhere!

4.I'mchewingonwhichsubjecttostudyatuniversity-itdependson

whatwillleadtoabetterjob.

5.ItookadisposablecamerawithmewhenIwentsnorkelling.Ididn't

wanttoriskgettingmyexpensivedigitalcamerawet!

首都城市

导读：

各国的首都是全世界的重要城市中心。他们通常是政府所在地，政治

和经济中心，有的也是王室和上千万人的家园。《外刊精读》讨论这些城

市所处位置的重要性，以及一些国家首都搬迁的原因。

一、语篇泛读

ThinkoftheUKandyou'llprobablythinkofLondon.PictureFranceand

you'llnodoubtconjureupimagesofParisanditsiconicEiffelTower.To

many,capitalcitiesdefineacountry.They'reoftentheseatofpower,the

economicandpoliticalhubandsometimesthehometoroyalty-alongwith

millionsofcitydwellers.Foraplacewithsomuchinfluence,it'simportant

togetitslocationright.

Sometimeswehavetolookintohistorytofindthereasonswhya

capitalcityendedupwhereitdid.ThesiteofwhatisnowLondonwasbythe

river:easytosettle,easyfortradingandeasytodefend.However,it'snot

locatedinthecountry'scenterandthere'softencriticism

fromfar-flungcornersofthenationthattheyareforgottenbythedecision

makersinthecapital.Othercountrieshavetakenadifferentapproachby

establishingtheircapitalsinthegeographicalcentersotheycanexert

controlandprojectunity,likeMadridinSpainforexample.

Occasionally,therehavebeenreasonstorelocateacapital.St

Petersburg,foundedbyPetertheGreatin1703,wasRussia'scapitalfrom

1712-1918,beforethegovernmentchangedittoMoscow.Thiswaspartly

becauseMoscowwasmorecentral,andthegovernmentdecideditwasless

likelytobeinvadedbyanothercountry.

AndnowinIndonesiathereareplanstomoveitscapital,Jakarta.Its

newlocationisyettobedecided,butthereasonforthemoveisthat

thismegacityissinkingatoneofthefastestratesintheworld.It'sbeen

builtonveryswampylandandisn'thelpedbylotsofgroundwaterbeing

extractedtousefordrinkingwaterandwashing.Thecityisovercrowdedtoo

androadsareoftengridlocked.

Ofcourse,ifyoucan'tmoveyourcapitalcity,whynotconstructa

brandnewone?Brazilmoveditscapitalfromcoastal,crowdedRiode

JaneirotoinlandBrasiliain1961-theideabeingtobuildabrandnew

capital"tobringprogresstotheinteriorofBrazil",asarchitectOscar

Niemeyerdescribedit.Andmorerecently,NayPyiTawwasbuiltin2005as

Myanmar'snewcapital.ThisremotecityisfourtimesthesizeofLondonand

hashugeroads,golfcoursesandazoo-butfewpeople.

二、词汇表

iconic标志性的，非常出名的

seatofpower政府所在地

hub中心

citydwellers城市居民

influence影响力

site地点，位置

settle定居

trading贸易

defend保护，防卫

far-flung遥远的

geographical地理上的

relocate迁移，搬迁

central中心的

megacity（人口超过1000万的）大城市

swampy（地面）湿软的

groundwater地下水

gridlocked交通拥堵不堪的

construct修建

remote遥远的

三、测试与练习

阅读课文并回答问题。

1.WhereisthecapitalofSpainlocated?

2.Whatissinkingatoneofthefastestratesintheworld?

3.HowcrowdedisMyanmar'snewcapitalcity?

4.Trueorfalse?Russia'soldcapitalcity,StPetersburg,wasrenamed

Moscowin1918.

5.Whichwordusedinthearticlemeans"situatednotnearacoastor

sea'?

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填

入句子的空格处。

1.SorryI'mlate.There'sbeenanaccidentandtheroadsare.

griddlelockedgridlocks

gridlockedgridlock

2.MycompanyhasdecidedtotoManchestersoI'mgoingto

havetolookforanotherjob.

settlerelocate

constructremote

3.Myparentshaven'tcalledmeforawhile,probablybecausethey're

onholidayinsomecorneroftheworld.

far-flingflung-far

far-flungedfar-flung

4.HeathrowairportisLondon'smajorforflightstomostparts

oftheworld.

iconichub

centralconstruct

5.5.Ournewhousehasagreatlocation-it'snearthecoastso

it'scoolmbutwehaveagreatviewofthemountains.

geographygeography

geographicalgeometry

参考答案

阅读课文并回答问题。

1.WhereisthecapitalofSpainlocated?

Itislocatedinthegeographicalcentreofthecountry.

2.Whatissinkingattheoneofthe